To evaluate the clinical significance of Baumann’s angle in the closed reduction and percutaneous pinning fixation for supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children.Methods There were 97 children (male 59,female...To evaluate the clinical significance of Baumann’s angle in the closed reduction and percutaneous pinning fixation for supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children.Methods There were 97 children (male 59,female 38,mean age of 6.8 years) with displaced supracondylar fracrtures of the humerus were treated in this hospital.Under fluoroscopy guidance,three-dimensional displacement of fractures was corrected by closed reduction.The percutaneous Kirschner wire pinning was applied only if the radiographs demonstrated that Baumann’s angle was less than 4 degree compared to that on the normal side.All of them were followed up for 34.5 months (range,12 to 48 months).Results There was one case with ulnar nerve palsy associated with the pinning.There were no Volkmann’s contracture in this group.X-ray examinations revealed an average 73.7 degrees of Baumann angle on the injured and 72.8 on uninjured side.An average 7.6 degrees of the carrying angle on the injured and 9.7 on uninjured side were also demonstrated by radiography.Five patients developed slight cubitus varus deformity.The result according to Flynn criteria were excellent in 85 patients (87.6%),good in 12 patients (12.4%).Conclusion The satisfactory results can be gained in children with displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus by restoration of the normal Baumann angle and percutaneous pinning fixation.18 refs,2 figs.展开更多
Black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) is one of the main leguminous crops that provide chief source of food. Several Bradyrhizobium species are able to induce effective nodules in black gram cultivars. In the present stu...Black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) is one of the main leguminous crops that provide chief source of food. Several Bradyrhizobium species are able to induce effective nodules in black gram cultivars. In the present study, we characterized forty isolates of indigenous black gram bradyrhizobia from Myanmar based on the sequence analysis of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. The sequence analysis confirmed that all isolates were categorized and identified as the genus Bradyrhizobium and they were conspecific with B. elkanii, B. sp., B. liaoningense, B. japonicum and B. yunamingense. Almost all the collected isolates from major black gram growing regions of Nyaunglebin Bago Regio, Chaungzon Mon State, Sittwe Rakhine State, Danubyu Ayeyarwady Region and Launglon Tanintharyi Region were identified as B. liaoningense. At Danubyu Ayeyarwady Region and Pyinmanar Nay Pyi Taw Region, most of the strains were identified as B. japonicum. On the other hand, more or less all the isolates from Launglon Tanintharyi Region and Hpa-an Kayin State were related to B. elkanii. However, all B. sp. strains were found in Salingyi Sagaing Region black gram growing region. This is the first report describing Bradyrhizobium strains that were isolated from soil samples of major black gram growing areas in Myanmar. Evaluation of the effectiveness of Myanmar Bradyrhizobim strains isolated from soil samples of major black gram growing areas of Myanmar for plant growth and nitrogen fixation was studied in pot experiments with completely randomized design and three replicates. The nodule dry weight, shoot dry weight and acetylene reduction activity of the plant inoculated with Bradyrhizobium elkanii LauBG38 were significantly higher in ARA per plant, nodule and shoot dry weights than the other tested isolates in both Yezin-4 and Yezin-7 black gram varieties. We expect that Myanmar Bradyrhizobium elkanii LauBG38 will be able to use as Biofertilizer for black gram cultivars.展开更多
文摘To evaluate the clinical significance of Baumann’s angle in the closed reduction and percutaneous pinning fixation for supracondylar fractures of the humerus in children.Methods There were 97 children (male 59,female 38,mean age of 6.8 years) with displaced supracondylar fracrtures of the humerus were treated in this hospital.Under fluoroscopy guidance,three-dimensional displacement of fractures was corrected by closed reduction.The percutaneous Kirschner wire pinning was applied only if the radiographs demonstrated that Baumann’s angle was less than 4 degree compared to that on the normal side.All of them were followed up for 34.5 months (range,12 to 48 months).Results There was one case with ulnar nerve palsy associated with the pinning.There were no Volkmann’s contracture in this group.X-ray examinations revealed an average 73.7 degrees of Baumann angle on the injured and 72.8 on uninjured side.An average 7.6 degrees of the carrying angle on the injured and 9.7 on uninjured side were also demonstrated by radiography.Five patients developed slight cubitus varus deformity.The result according to Flynn criteria were excellent in 85 patients (87.6%),good in 12 patients (12.4%).Conclusion The satisfactory results can be gained in children with displaced supracondylar fractures of the humerus by restoration of the normal Baumann angle and percutaneous pinning fixation.18 refs,2 figs.
文摘Black gram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) is one of the main leguminous crops that provide chief source of food. Several Bradyrhizobium species are able to induce effective nodules in black gram cultivars. In the present study, we characterized forty isolates of indigenous black gram bradyrhizobia from Myanmar based on the sequence analysis of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene. The sequence analysis confirmed that all isolates were categorized and identified as the genus Bradyrhizobium and they were conspecific with B. elkanii, B. sp., B. liaoningense, B. japonicum and B. yunamingense. Almost all the collected isolates from major black gram growing regions of Nyaunglebin Bago Regio, Chaungzon Mon State, Sittwe Rakhine State, Danubyu Ayeyarwady Region and Launglon Tanintharyi Region were identified as B. liaoningense. At Danubyu Ayeyarwady Region and Pyinmanar Nay Pyi Taw Region, most of the strains were identified as B. japonicum. On the other hand, more or less all the isolates from Launglon Tanintharyi Region and Hpa-an Kayin State were related to B. elkanii. However, all B. sp. strains were found in Salingyi Sagaing Region black gram growing region. This is the first report describing Bradyrhizobium strains that were isolated from soil samples of major black gram growing areas in Myanmar. Evaluation of the effectiveness of Myanmar Bradyrhizobim strains isolated from soil samples of major black gram growing areas of Myanmar for plant growth and nitrogen fixation was studied in pot experiments with completely randomized design and three replicates. The nodule dry weight, shoot dry weight and acetylene reduction activity of the plant inoculated with Bradyrhizobium elkanii LauBG38 were significantly higher in ARA per plant, nodule and shoot dry weights than the other tested isolates in both Yezin-4 and Yezin-7 black gram varieties. We expect that Myanmar Bradyrhizobium elkanii LauBG38 will be able to use as Biofertilizer for black gram cultivars.