Influence of Civil Authority on Rural Grass-roots Democracy and Social Autonomy in Northwest Minority Regions

System of villagers autonomy is one of the basic political systems in China and one of those systems ensuring that the people are the masters of the country. Northwest minorities generally live in the remote northwestern China where economy and education are relatively underdeveloped compared with those in central and eastern China and civil authority has great influence on rural grass-roots democracy as well as social autonomy there,which causes difficulties to the development of rural democracy and social autonomy. Assisting northwest minority regions in overcoming the difficulties of developing grass-roots democracy and social autonomy,carrying out effective measures to properly guide the development and influence of civil authority and finally achieving the construction of new socialist countryside have great significance in ensuring that people there are the masters of their country.

A Democracy That Works Western democracies have failed to address people’s livelihood concerns while the Chinese practice has made notable achievements

More than 200 scholars,researchers,former government o!cials and party leaders from over 50 countries gathered in the sprawling building of the Chinese Academy of History in Beijing on 20 March for the third International Forum on Democracy:The Shared Human Values.The forum debated the concept of democracy,its trajectories and prospects,and,more importantly,how it can be made to work and deliver tangible results for di"erent countries.

Resource Dependence Relationship between Grass-roots Government and Farmers' Specialized Cooperatives

Based on theories of resource dependence and government functions,this paper analyzed benefit interaction between grass-roots government and farmers' specialized cooperatives in Hubei Province. It was intended to make clear the path dependence relationship between grassroots government and farmers' specialized cooperatives and find out problems in between. Besides,from the perspective of grass-roots government and farmers' specialized cooperatives,it came up with corresponding recommendations,to promote constant improvement of farmers' specialized cooperatives,and help them to become key forces of leading farmers to get rich,pull agricultural economic development,and promote new socialist countryside construction.

Construction of Rural Grass-roots Water Conservancy Service System in the Context of Institutional Changes

At present,it is urgent to solve problems of reforming and improving grass-roots water conservancy management mode in rural areas and improving rural water conservancy public service ability. Through analyzing institutional changes of grass-roots water conservancy management in rural areas,this paper discussed current situations and outstanding problems in grass-roots water conservancy services in rural areas of Kunming City. On the basis of current situations and problems,it came up with policy recommendations from reform of management institutions,reform of personnel system,construction of human resources,development of rural water use cooperation organizations,and improvement of fund input mechanism,to build rural grass-roots water conservancy service system.

The Grass-Roots Governance of the National Government in Tianjin Recovery Area After the Triumph of the Anti-Japanese War

The national government wants to penetrate into the grass-roots unit after the triumph of the Anti-Japanese War in the recovery area.Through the reorganization of the Baojia system,the government expects to achieve local autonomy and then solve the people’s livelihood issues.The new Baojia system provides a platform for people to achieve their own demands,which presents the vision of civil rights to a certain extent.However,because of the complexity of the postwar social environment,the Baojia system cannot completely represent the will of the people,and finally becomes a militarized organization that was used as a tool to carry out the government decree.

"Emperor's Power Far Away from the Countryside"and"Town in Charge of Village Affairs":The Extreme Grass-roots Management System is Not Conducive to the Healthy Development of the Countryside

This paper compares the two different rural management methods of"emperor’s power far away from the countryside"and"town in charge of village affairs",which shows that the extreme grass-roots management system is not conducive to rural development.This paper also points out that rural development needs to find a road of sustainable development in line with its own characteristics,which is the fundamental shortcut to change poverty and become rich for a long time.

Inherent Features and Future Practice of Whole-Process People's Democracy from a Comparative Perspective

Democracy is a common value pursued by human society and is often viewed as an important symbol of the development level of a political civilization. However, after a review of the histories of different countries around the world。

Western Democracy:A Democracy in Distress

Western experts and scholars share their opinions about Western democracy and Chinese democracy at the Second International Forum on Democracy:The Shared Human Values.THE Summit for Democracy 2023 held on March 28 in the U.S.is the host country’s latest try to accuse other countries of being authoritarian,based on its own standard and the hegemonistic mindset.Is such an accusation well-grounded?Participants of the Second International Forum on Democracy,which concluded days earlier on March 23 in Beijing,beg to differ,including voices from some Western countries.

The Core of the Chinese Democracy Is to Respect and Protect Human Rights——A Summary of the Academic Seminar on Chinese Democracy and Human Rights Protection

On March 26,2023,a Seminar on Chinese Democracy and Human Rights Protection was held,jointly organized by the National Human Rights Education and Training Base and the Human Rights Research Center of Central South University under the guidance of the Chinese Society for Human Rights Studies.The event adopted a combination of online and offline channels.Over 30 experts and scholars from universities,research institutions,and practical departments across the country participated in extensive discussions on“Theoretical and Practical Aspects of Chinese Democracy and Protection of Human Rights.”The seminar aimed to focused on the essence,characteristics,advantages,and human rights implications of Chinese democracy and interpreted the concept of Chinese democracy and the protection of human rights through academic and theoretical methods.

Reassessing Human Rights VS Democracy of the Public:A Necessary Challenge?

Today,we are witnessing a profound transformation of the dominant model of representative democracy which is increasingly giving way to a new form of democracy of the public,as Bernard Manin defined it.In a democracy of the public,parties tend to personalise themselves,becoming machines serving one particular person,who embodies public feelings.Participation and social organization within the territory are progressively replaced by a widespread communication and social media framework where the citizens become just passive spectators.To this,we must add that the spectacularisation of the current democratic systems,adopted to satisfy the audience,leads to negative effects on the protection of fundamental rights.This article will analyse the aspects that characterise the democracies of the public,and their social and legal effects on the consideration of human rights.The article goes further without being limited to this issue.In fact,it wants to emphasise the way human rights are crucial to bolstering democracies,rather than merely the other way around.Doctrines and politics have frequently emphasised the need for democracy,and,more specifically,the export of democracies to advance human rights.Contrarily,a shift in perspective is required in order to preserve liberal democracies.

Human Rights in China:Exploration and Development of Whole-process People’s Democracy

Whole-process people’s democracy represents a new exploration of socialism with Chinese characteristics for a new era as well as a novel and important method for protecting the human rights of the Chinese people.It is conducive to solving a multitude of problems hindering the protection of civil rights and political rights.The greatest highlight of whole-process people’s democracy is that the people are the masters of their own country and exercise the power to govern the state through“extensive participation and consultation.”China’s experience and approaches in advancing whole-process people’s democracy provide a reference for other countries.

全过程人民民主的实践形态、运行机理与价值拓展——基于浙江省小古城村“众人的事情由众人商量”的调查分析

全过程人民民主是社会主义民主政治的本质属性,是最广泛、最真实、最管用的民主。实践属性鲜明是全过程人民民主形态的重要特征,但已有研究对其缺乏实证分析。杭州市余杭区小古城村“众人事情由众人商量”通过探索党建统领基层民主协商,采用“四议六步”协商工作法,持续推进村民增收致富、美丽乡村建设、乡风文明营造工作,完整地呈现了全过程人民民主的结构要素和“以民主促民生”的运行机理。该实践将发展民主政治与改善民生目标统一起来,以民主的制度、程序、方法、手段和力量来解决民生难题,以民生问题的解决来巩固、完善和发展人民民主,为中国特色民主话语体系建构提供了现实案例和理论支持。

以全过程人民民主为支点构建中国民主话语体系研究

与西方国家垄断民主话语权相比,中国民主在国际上仍处于“失声”“挨骂”的处境,尚未获得与大国地位相适应、与综合国力相匹配的国际话语权。以全过程人民民主为“阿基米德支点”来构建中国民主话语体系,推动全过程人民民主制度优势和实践优势转化为理论优势和话语优势,有助于塑造良好的中国民主形象,打破西方民主话语的桎梏,提升中国民主的国际话语权和影响力。全过程人民民主坚持以人民为中心的理念,侧重民主参与的全过程性,强调协商与合作,为中国民主话语体系赋予“人民性”价值底蕴,使其摆脱了“民主=选举”的话语窠臼,蕴含了“良政善治”的叙事逻辑,给其贴上“共识政治”的标签,确立了合理的民主评价标准。以全过程人民民主为支点构建中国民主话语体系,必须扎根全过程人民民主的多样性实践,加强对全过程人民民主的学术研究,深化对全过程人民民主的理论创新,提炼出我国人民认可且能为国际社会接受的中国民主话语。

全过程人民民主视域下人大代表联络站的功能定位与完善路径

人民代表大会制度是实现我国全过程人民民主的重要制度载体,而人大代表联络站则是我国人民代表大会制度和全过程人民民主在基层的生动实践平台。近年来,人大代表联络站得到快速发展,但也同样面临一系列困境与挑战。因此,进一步厘清人大代表联络站的功能定位、践行全过程民主模式、完善人大代表联络站制度具有重要的理论价值和现实意义。已有研究缺乏对人大代表联络站的实践发展进行全方位的理论探讨和系统总结。本文基于全过程人民民主视角,分别从法律定位、政治定位、角色定位和实践定位四个维度阐释人大代表联络站的具体功能定位,梳理浙江省人大代表联络站践行全过程人民民主的创新模式和做法,剖析人大代表联络站在身份认同、代表履职、实践功能、组织建设和协商议事等五个方面所面临的主要困境,最后提出完善人大代表联络站的对策路径。

共有、共治与共享:大模型技术的发展之路

大模型技术正在重塑人类社会,并可能产生出新的弱势群体。大模型技术的发展需要人民民主的价值理念,因为通过人民民主可以让那些新弱势群体在大模型技术发展过程中直接表达其诉求,通过温和谈判来缓和剧烈的利益冲突,同时用人民民主制度来保障大模型技术产生的效益被社会大众所共享。人民民主的内涵主要表现为以生产资料公有制为主体、人民共同参与政治和共享社会发展成果等内容,体现在大模型技术领域就是大模型技术的共有、共治和共享。大模型技术的共有意味着其未来作为智能技术时代的基础设施而存在。为了防止大模型技术被资本吞噬,国家需要以某种方式介入,通过构建统一公共算力平台,并使得创新型企业获得更多的发展机会。大模型技术的共治意味着,要形成以积极公民为中心的行动者网络、去商品化的共治逻辑、国家的适度干预,并从新弱势群体中发现新的奇异吸引子。大模型技术的共享意味着,需要更多重视再分配、差别原则和再承认等核心内容。再承认的关键是,要使得那些新弱势群体在能力建设的基础之上获得其第二次降生的机会。

以党内民主带动全过程人民民主的价值意蕴

全过程人民民主是中国共产党团结带领人民追求民主、发展民主、实现民主的伟大创造,中国共产党的领导是发展和实现全过程人民民主的根本保证。人民当家作主是社会主义民主政治的本质和核心,也是党矢志不渝的奋斗目标,党的领导必须贯穿我国社会主义民主政治建设的全过程。发展全过程人民民主,既要发挥党总揽全局、协调各方的领导核心作用,增强全过程人民民主的政治功能;又要坚持和发展党内民主,以党内民主带动人民民主的发展,保证党领导人民有效治理国家。从政治价值、理论价值、实践价值三个维度深刻理解以党内民主带动全过程人民民主的价值意蕴,有助于更好地认识和把握全过程人民民主的显著优势,推动我国社会主义民主政治建设,彰显人民当家作主的民主真谛。

中国共产党在中央苏区时期法制建设的民主特质及立法精神

习近平总书记在中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会的报告中强调:“坚持共产党的领导”是“中国式现代化的本质要求”。马克思主义传入中国及中国共产党的成立,开辟了中国现代化建设的新方向。中国共产党在中央苏区时期进行了现代化国家建设的重要尝试,在法制建设方面贯彻了马克思主义人民民主的原则,体现了充分的民主性。这一时期,中国共产党制定和颁行的一系列法律、法令、条例、训令,以马克思主义人民民主思想为根本指导思想,以解放中国社会的广大劳苦人民群众、建立工人和农民的民主专政为根本目的,同时在立法、执法、司法过程中又特别注重人民对权力的民主监督。中国共产党在苏维埃时期的法制建设实践,体现着中国共产党最早的民主政治理念,是当代中国社会主义法治的源头所在。

论政策共识构建中的算法支配:模式与维度

人类社会进入算法时代,政策共识构建无论是在科学化发展还是在民主化进程中都受到算法影响,当这种影响发展到一定程度时则会出现算法支配的现象。根据算法的自动化程度与相对于人类的独立性,政策共识构建中的算法支配可分为四种模式:工具性支配、平台式支配、博弈性支配、自动化支配。四种模式对政策共识构建的影响体现在不同层面,但都是从四个方面展开:通过代码设计对政策诉求进行标准化解读;对个体感知做出隐蔽控制以此编辑诉求内容;形成严密的审查体系对行为进行监控并做出引导;设定计算规则塑造共识构建的程序和方式。总体而言,政策共识构建的算法支配体现为技术支配与权力支配的混合,需要基于对算法的全面认知做出应对。

中国共产党民主话语的理论表达、生成逻辑与阐释路径

“人民民主是社会主义的生命”“实现民主有多种方式,不可能千篇一律”“最广泛、最真实、最管用的民主”“坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一”等经典表述,展现了中国共产党民主话语的构成特点及表达特色。基于超越和适应的生成逻辑,既塑造了中国共产党民主话语鲜明的比较意涵和自主意涵,也使其呈现出解构与建构、拒绝与包容、特殊与普遍、阐释与叙事、归纳与演绎相结合的特点。新时代,推进党的民主话语走向世界,展示中国现代政治文明的新形态,需要加强基于一般性政治语言的理论阐释和传播,处理好话语竞争与对话的关系;需要推进基于实践的话语证成,通过全过程人民民主的充分、健康、有序运行,在持续的创新实践中证明和展示其生命力、优越性和类型学价值。

人民民主:一个政治概念的中国化演变

中国的民主是“人民民主”。近代以来,“人民民主”贯穿于整个中国社会的发展变迁,在“民主”—“人民民主”—“全过程人民民主”的话语流变中呈现出不同的概念内涵,蕴含着深刻的历史逻辑。从概念史角度予以透视,“人民民主”概念历经西学东渐、“民主”革命、“民主”建国、“民主”发展、“民主”创新五个阶段,初步建构起中国化的民主话语体系,其演变符合一定的遍在性规律,本质上是对特定时空环境的反射与回应。站在分析视野解构这一演变,“民主”的中国化是必然的历史走向,“全过程人民民主”也内嵌时代要求。正确把握“人民民主”概念的演变规律,俾使“全过程人民民主”理论体系与实践效能得到进一步完善提升。