An Estimation Method of Stress in Soft Rock Based on In-situ Measured Stress in Hard Rock

The law of variation of deep rock stress in gravitational and tectonic stress fields is analyzed based on the Hoek-Brown strength criterion. In the gravitational stress field,the rocks in the shallow area are in an elastic state and the deep,relatively soft rock may be in a plastic state. However,in the tectonic stress field,the relatively soft rock in the shallow area is in a plastic state and the deep rock in an elastic state. A method is proposed to estimate stress values in coal and soft rock based on in-situ measurements of hard rock. Our estimation method relates to the type of stress field and stress state. The equations of rock stress in various stress states are presented for the elastic,plastic and critical states. The critical state is a special stress state,which indicates the conversion of the elastic to the plastic state in the gravitational stress field and the conversion of the plastic to the elastic state in the tectonic stress field. Two cases stud-ies show that the estimation method is feasible.

Influence of drainage of aquifer on settling of ground surface in mining area with high ground water level

Based on the basic principles of hydrogeology and soil mechanics, studied thegenesis mechanism and control factors of settling of ground surface caused by the drainageof the aquifer in the construction of coal mines, and put forward a corresponding calculatingmodel demonstrated by practical example.The study provides mining areas,which are covered with a very thick Quaternary soil layer and abundant ground water, witha theoretical basis aimed at forecasting the settling of ground surface.