Organic contamination in the Great Wall bay,Antarctica in austral summer

During 1992/1993 austral summer,oil, BHCs,DDTs,PCBs etc.were determined in the sea water, sediments and organisms samples of the Great Wall bay,Antarctica.In surface sea water,the mean concentrations of oil were 0. 26-0. 93 μg/L.DDTs were all lower than the DL of the method,that was<0.04ng/L. BHCs mean concentrations were<0.69-<1.94 ng/L. In other samples,oil,BHCs,DDTs,and PCBs were all relatively higher in patella than that in sediments and seaweed. PAHs could not be detected in all samples. By comparison,the concentrations level of organic contaminants in the Great Wall bay was low yet.

QUANTITATIVE DISTRIBUTION OF NET PHYTOPLANKTON IN GREAT WALL BAY, ANTARCTICA

Samples of phytoplankton were obtained in February, 1985, in Great Wall Bay, Antarctica. Among the 31 species of phytoplankton identified, the cold - water species rank highest in proportion. The cell number of phytoplankton averaged 162. 5×104 cells/m3 in the bay. The most dominant species are Chaetoceros socialis Lauder, Rhizosolenia. alata f. inermis (Castr. ) Hustedt and Biddulphia striatas Karsten. The former species mainly appeared in the bay and the latter two species aggregated at the bay mounth.

A STUDY ON THE QUANTITY OF SHALLOW SEA BENTHOS IN GREAT WALL BAY, ANTARCTICA

Based on the investigation material acquired during the three cruises of the 4 Chinese Antarctic Research Expedition at 19 quantitative dredging stations and 4 trawling stations from the period December 1987 to March 1988, this paper studies the quantity of the benthos in Great Wall Bay,the distributive characteristics and variations, and points out that the stock number of the benthos in the bay is extremely large and that there are two large ranged high mass area and 2 - 3 low small-ranged mass area. The instability of the sediments is the cause for the low.mass areas. The warm season is the vigorous reproductive period of the various kinds of the benthos and the monthly variation of the quantity is remarkable.

Concentration level of heavy metals in the Great Wall Bay， Antarctica in austral summer

Heavy metals in different marine environmental mediums from the Great Wall Bay, Antarctica were determined. Sea water samples from 14 stations, surface sediments from 2 stations and marine organisms from 1 station were analyzed for Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd, Cr, Hg concentrations, The results showed that the terrestrial input characteristics of Cu, Pb and Cr in sea water was evident. Zn concentration in the outlet water was high. The difference of each heavy metal concentration in two sediments was low. The enriching ability of seaweed to Zn was relatively high. Generally speaking, the concentration level of heavy metals in the Great Wall Bay was low.

Species composition and quantitative variation of zooplankton in the Great Wall Bay and its adjacent waters，Antarctica

A preliminary identification has been made of 35 species of the zooplankton in the Great Wall Bay and its adjacent waters,Antarctica. The dominant species in the investigated area are Calanus propinquus, Calanoides acutus, Metrdia gerlachei and the larvae of antarctic krill.The results indicated that the zooplankton in the investigated waters were simple in species number, which conforms to the general pattern of the distribution of the zooplankton in antarctic waters.The total biomass and number of individuals of the zooplankton in the investigated waters showed obvious seasonal variation. In summer there were Calaninioides acutus and the larvae of antarctic krill; in winter there were Metrdia gerlacher, Calanus propinquus, Oithon similis, O. frigda and the larvae of antarctic krill. The quantity of Copepoda occupied a considerable proportion in each month. The water temperature is an important factor in controling the biomass of zooplankton.

Holocene ostracoda and sedimentary environment implication in The core NG93－1 from the Great Wall Bay， Antarctica

the holocene ostracode are analyzed from the core sample ng93-1 collectedIn the great wall bay, antarctica during 1992～1993. Totally 11 genera 21 speciesHave been identified in the sediments, of which the most abundant is loxoreticulatumFallax, the second abundant are xestoleberis keguelenensis, xestoleberis spp., Semicytherura spp., australicythere polylyca, etc. Most species of ostracodes are thoseKnown in antarctic area. Base on the study of ostracodes from the core ng93-1, theirSedimentary environment may be of shore-shallow sea.

The preliminary study of the phytoplankton ecology in the Great Wall Bay，Antarctica

This paper presents the identification and quantitative analysis of the phytoplankton samples collected in the Great Wall Bay, Antarctica from March 1988 to February 1989. The results indicate that the specific composition of phytoplankton clearly shows their ecological characteristics. That is the community mainly composed of cold-water species and neritic-eurythermal species. The dominant species altered with seasonal variation, their number showed the high-peak in the austral summer and the abundance of phytoplankton in each month mainly depended upon the dominant species. The distribution of phytoplankton is influenced by many environmental factors. Among them the hours of sunshine are the main factor.

The amount of hydrocarbon bacteria in the Great Wall Bay and its adjacent area

During the summer of Antarctic in 1993/1994, the species and amount of hydrocarbon bacteria of the Great Wall Bay and its adjacent sea area have been studied. Flavobacterium,Pseudomonas,Kurthia and Actinetobacter have been identified .The number of them varied from 3 cell/L to 1100 cell/L.The number in the inner bay is larger than that out of it.The dispersing is a very important way of the changing of hydrocarbon bacteria.

Microbes in the area of the South Shetland Islands

Investigations were made on the microbes in the air, bottom sediments, surface seawater in the sea area of the South Shetland Islands during December, 1986～March, 1987.The results obtained show that: from the air over the South Shetland Islands and the Maxwell Bay,the detection rate of terrigenous microbes was more than 90% and their amount was generally a few CFU/m3; the detection rate of marine microbes was more than 50% and their amount only 1 CFU/m3. The amounts of air-borne microbes over the surveyed area were the witness to their diurnal variations. They were influenced to some extent by nearby islands. Air temperature and relative humidity,etc. were factors affecting their quantitative variations.The bacterial amount of the outshore surface sea water in the Great Wall Bay, Antarctica was about n×10 CUF/cm3 (0≤n<10, the same below), the amount of microbes decreased with the monthly dropping of seawater temperature and showed a state of diurnal variations. The seawater in the Bay has been fairly clean. The microbial community consisted of at least thirteen genera,in which pseudomonas was common. In the intertidal zone of the Deception Island,there were only a few CFU of bacteria per cubic meter in seawater; and n×10 CFU/g (w. w) in the surface sediment;and n×10 CFU/g(w. w) in the volcano ash.The results reveal the general features of the microbes from the air,sea and land in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica. It provides data for further study of microbial resources in that area.