秸秆还田和氮肥施用是影响稻田土壤固碳潜力和温室气体排放的重要农作措施。通过研究油菜秸秆全量还田并配合施入不同量氮肥(150、225、300 kg·hm^(-2)和375 kg·hm^(-2))对稻田土壤固碳量和温室气体排放的影响,评估综合增温潜...秸秆还田和氮肥施用是影响稻田土壤固碳潜力和温室气体排放的重要农作措施。通过研究油菜秸秆全量还田并配合施入不同量氮肥(150、225、300 kg·hm^(-2)和375 kg·hm^(-2))对稻田土壤固碳量和温室气体排放的影响,评估综合增温潜势,对分析秸秆还田配施氮肥对稻田固碳效果有重要作用。结果表明,与单施氮肥和单施秸秆处理相比,秸秆还田配施氮肥显著增加土壤固碳量,秸秆配施氮肥处理固碳量最高值为147.74 kg·hm^(-2),比单施氮肥处理平均高出38%。在降低温室效应方面,与单施氮肥相比,秸秆配施氮肥处理显著降低N_2O的累积排放量;与单一秸秆还田处理相比,秸秆配施氮肥处理显著提高水稻产量,降低CO_2的累积排放量,但在一定程度上增加了CH_4的排放。秸秆配施氮肥处理的温室气体强度和综合温室效应分别为0.372、5 394.22 kg CO_2-eq·hm^(-2),显著低于单施氮肥处理的0.630、9 339.94 kg CO_2-eq·hm^(-2),以及单一秸秆还田处理的0.816、9 872.2 kg CO_2-eq·hm^(-2),因此,秸秆还田配施氮肥是降低温室气体排放强度、减缓净温室效应的有效措施。展开更多
This study presents a state of the art of several studies dealing with the environmental impact assessment of fuel cell (FC) vehicles and the comparison with their conventional fossil-fuelled counterparts, by means of...This study presents a state of the art of several studies dealing with the environmental impact assessment of fuel cell (FC) vehicles and the comparison with their conventional fossil-fuelled counterparts, by means of the Life Cycle As-sessment (LCA) methodology. Results declare that, depending on the systems characteristics, there are numerous envi-ronmental advantages, but also some disadvantages can be expected. In addition, the significance of the manufac-turing process of the FC, more specifically the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) type, in terms of environmental impact is presented. Finally, CIEMAT’s role in HYCHAIN European project, consisting of supporting early adopters for hydrogen FCs in the transport sector, is展开更多
文摘秸秆还田和氮肥施用是影响稻田土壤固碳潜力和温室气体排放的重要农作措施。通过研究油菜秸秆全量还田并配合施入不同量氮肥(150、225、300 kg·hm^(-2)和375 kg·hm^(-2))对稻田土壤固碳量和温室气体排放的影响,评估综合增温潜势,对分析秸秆还田配施氮肥对稻田固碳效果有重要作用。结果表明,与单施氮肥和单施秸秆处理相比,秸秆还田配施氮肥显著增加土壤固碳量,秸秆配施氮肥处理固碳量最高值为147.74 kg·hm^(-2),比单施氮肥处理平均高出38%。在降低温室效应方面,与单施氮肥相比,秸秆配施氮肥处理显著降低N_2O的累积排放量;与单一秸秆还田处理相比,秸秆配施氮肥处理显著提高水稻产量,降低CO_2的累积排放量,但在一定程度上增加了CH_4的排放。秸秆配施氮肥处理的温室气体强度和综合温室效应分别为0.372、5 394.22 kg CO_2-eq·hm^(-2),显著低于单施氮肥处理的0.630、9 339.94 kg CO_2-eq·hm^(-2),以及单一秸秆还田处理的0.816、9 872.2 kg CO_2-eq·hm^(-2),因此,秸秆还田配施氮肥是降低温室气体排放强度、减缓净温室效应的有效措施。
文摘This study presents a state of the art of several studies dealing with the environmental impact assessment of fuel cell (FC) vehicles and the comparison with their conventional fossil-fuelled counterparts, by means of the Life Cycle As-sessment (LCA) methodology. Results declare that, depending on the systems characteristics, there are numerous envi-ronmental advantages, but also some disadvantages can be expected. In addition, the significance of the manufac-turing process of the FC, more specifically the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) type, in terms of environmental impact is presented. Finally, CIEMAT’s role in HYCHAIN European project, consisting of supporting early adopters for hydrogen FCs in the transport sector, is
