Northeast China is an important base for grain production,dominated by rain-fed agriculture that relies on green water.However,in the context of global climate change,rising regional temperatures,changing precipitatio...Northeast China is an important base for grain production,dominated by rain-fed agriculture that relies on green water.However,in the context of global climate change,rising regional temperatures,changing precipitation patterns,and increasing drought frequency pose threats and challenges to agricultural green water security.This study provides a detailed assessment of the spatiotemporal characteristics and development trends of green water security risks in the Northeast region under the base period(2001-2020)and the future(2031-2090)climate change scenarios(SSP245 and SSP585)using the green water scarcity(GWS)index based on raster-scale crop spatial distribution data,Delta downscaling bias-corrected ERA5 data,and CMIP6 multimodal data.During the base period,the green water risk-free zone for dry crops is mainly distributed in the center and east of the Northeast region(72.4% of the total area),the low-risk zone is primarily located in the center(14.0%),and the medium-risk(8.3%)and high-risk(5.3%)zones are mostly in the west.Under SSP245 and SSP585 future climate change scenarios,the green water security risk shows an overall expansion from the west to the center and east,with the low-risk zone increasing to 21.6% and 23.8%,the medium-risk zone increasing to 16.0% and 17.9%,and the high-risk zone increasing to 6.9% and 6.8%,respectively.Considering dry crops with GWS greater than 0.1 as in need of irrigation,the irrigated area increases from 27.6%(base period)to 44.5%(SSP245)and 48.6%(SSP585),with corresponding increases in irrigation water requirement(IWR)of 4.64 and 5.92 billion m~3,respectively,which further exacerbates conflicts between supply and demand of agricultural water resources.In response to agricultural green water security risks,coping strategies such as evapotranspiration(ET)-based water resource management for dry crops and deficit irrigation are proposed.The results of this study can provide scientific basis and decision support for the development of Northeast irrigated agriculture and the construction planning of the national water network.展开更多
在绿色设计过程中,客户需求往往自身存在多种冲突,利用质量屋(House of Quality,HOQ)将客户需求转化为技术参数后,得到的只是目标参数,在实现时也会存在冲突。为消除这些冲突,提出了构建引导式需求模板、将绿色特性映射到其实现技术子项...在绿色设计过程中,客户需求往往自身存在多种冲突,利用质量屋(House of Quality,HOQ)将客户需求转化为技术参数后,得到的只是目标参数,在实现时也会存在冲突。为消除这些冲突,提出了构建引导式需求模板、将绿色特性映射到其实现技术子项,进而转化为TR IZ工程参数的方法,使绿色设计与TR IZ理论得到结合,最终完成了客户需求绿色特性的转化和绿色冲突的消解,达到了绿色创新设计的目标。展开更多
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program(Class A)of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDA28020501)the Strategic Research and Consulting Program of the Chinese Academy of Engineering(Grant No.JL2023-17)。
文摘Northeast China is an important base for grain production,dominated by rain-fed agriculture that relies on green water.However,in the context of global climate change,rising regional temperatures,changing precipitation patterns,and increasing drought frequency pose threats and challenges to agricultural green water security.This study provides a detailed assessment of the spatiotemporal characteristics and development trends of green water security risks in the Northeast region under the base period(2001-2020)and the future(2031-2090)climate change scenarios(SSP245 and SSP585)using the green water scarcity(GWS)index based on raster-scale crop spatial distribution data,Delta downscaling bias-corrected ERA5 data,and CMIP6 multimodal data.During the base period,the green water risk-free zone for dry crops is mainly distributed in the center and east of the Northeast region(72.4% of the total area),the low-risk zone is primarily located in the center(14.0%),and the medium-risk(8.3%)and high-risk(5.3%)zones are mostly in the west.Under SSP245 and SSP585 future climate change scenarios,the green water security risk shows an overall expansion from the west to the center and east,with the low-risk zone increasing to 21.6% and 23.8%,the medium-risk zone increasing to 16.0% and 17.9%,and the high-risk zone increasing to 6.9% and 6.8%,respectively.Considering dry crops with GWS greater than 0.1 as in need of irrigation,the irrigated area increases from 27.6%(base period)to 44.5%(SSP245)and 48.6%(SSP585),with corresponding increases in irrigation water requirement(IWR)of 4.64 and 5.92 billion m~3,respectively,which further exacerbates conflicts between supply and demand of agricultural water resources.In response to agricultural green water security risks,coping strategies such as evapotranspiration(ET)-based water resource management for dry crops and deficit irrigation are proposed.The results of this study can provide scientific basis and decision support for the development of Northeast irrigated agriculture and the construction planning of the national water network.
文摘在绿色设计过程中,客户需求往往自身存在多种冲突,利用质量屋(House of Quality,HOQ)将客户需求转化为技术参数后,得到的只是目标参数,在实现时也会存在冲突。为消除这些冲突,提出了构建引导式需求模板、将绿色特性映射到其实现技术子项,进而转化为TR IZ工程参数的方法,使绿色设计与TR IZ理论得到结合,最终完成了客户需求绿色特性的转化和绿色冲突的消解,达到了绿色创新设计的目标。
