Background: Nurses can often be key frontline healthcare professionals working in remote and rural settings due to resource constraints including an acute shortage of medical practitioners. The provision of regular an...Background: Nurses can often be key frontline healthcare professionals working in remote and rural settings due to resource constraints including an acute shortage of medical practitioners. The provision of regular and appropriate Continuing Professional Development (CPD) to support nurses to be able to provide effective health care therefore becomes even more significant in these settings. Engagement and “buy in” from relevant stakeholders at an organisational level is a critical step to ensure CPD provision for nurses. Objectives: The overall aim was to achieve consensus on CPD for registered nurses working in remote and rural settings among key stakeholders using the Nominal Group Technique (NGT). The objectives were to identify stakeholders’ perspectives on the priorities for CPD training for registered nurses;the preferred modes of delivery for CPD and perceived barriers and facilitators for CPD access. Methods: NGT was used as a qualitative method with key organisational stakeholders in several iterative stages in the form of a workshop. Results: 22 senior healthcare professionals involved in medical and nursing education representing north, northeast, central India and the state of Karnataka in South India participated in the workshop. Three key findings emerged from this study: priorities of CPD;preferred modes of CPD delivery;barriers and facilitators to CPD access. Conclusion: Engagement with key stakeholders to identify CPD priorities can help facilitate strategic planning and provision of relevant and accessible CPD programmes for nurses working within remote and rural health care contexts in India.展开更多
Machine-type communication (MTC) devices provide a broad range of data collection especially on the massive data generated environments such as urban, industrials and event-enabled areas. In dense deployments, the dat...Machine-type communication (MTC) devices provide a broad range of data collection especially on the massive data generated environments such as urban, industrials and event-enabled areas. In dense deployments, the data collected at the closest locations between the MTC devices are spatially correlated. In this paper, we propose a k-means grouping technique to combine all MTC devices based on spatially correlated. The MTC devices collect the data on the event-based area and then transmit to the centralized aggregator for processing and computing. With the limitation of computational resources at the centralized aggregator, some grouped MTC devices data offloaded to the nearby base station collocated with the mobile edge-computing server. As a sensing capability adopted on MTC devices, we use a power exponential function model to compute a correlation coefficient existing between the MTC devices. Based on this framework, we compare the energy consumption when all data processed locally at centralized aggregator or offloaded at mobile edge computing server with optimal solution obtained by the brute force method. Then, the simulation results revealed that the proposed k-means grouping technique reduce the energy consumption at centralized aggregator while satisfying the required completion time.展开更多
The work of the irradiation technique group of the material center is aimed at following two aspects:1. Technique support In 2015, we have had about 500 h beam time for 42 the single event effect (SEE) tests, which co...The work of the irradiation technique group of the material center is aimed at following two aspects:1. Technique support In 2015, we have had about 500 h beam time for 42 the single event effect (SEE) tests, which cooperating with various institutes, universities, and companies. The ground tests are the basic safeguard for the spacecraft and satellite. In order to raise the irradiation efficiency of the Terminal 5, an improvement of the sample transfer system has been accomplished. To study the dependency of SEE on the ion flux, a flip-flop composed of four kinds of structure test and analysis have been done. And some SEE simulation methods have been established.展开更多
The technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS） is one of the major techniques in dealing with multiple criteria decision making （MCDM） problems, and the belief structure （BS） model ...The technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS） is one of the major techniques in dealing with multiple criteria decision making （MCDM） problems, and the belief structure （BS） model has been used successfully for uncertain MCDM with incompleteness, impreciseness or ignorance. In this paper, the TOPSIS method with BS model is proposed to solve group belief MCDM problems. Firstly, the group belief MCDM problem is structured as a belief decision matrix in which the judgments of each decision maker are described as BS models, and then the evidential reasoning approach is used for aggregating the multiple decision makers＇ judgments. Subsequently, the positive and negative ideal belief solutions are defined with the principle of TOPSIS. To measure the separation from ideal solutions, the concept and algorithm of belief distance measure are defined, which can be used for comparing the difference between BS models. Finally, the relative closeness and ranking index are calculated for ranking the alternatives. A numerical example is given to illustrate the proposed method.展开更多
For the constrained generalized Hamiltonian system with dissipation, by introducing Lagrange multiplier and using projection technique, the Lie group integration method was presented, which can preserve the inherent s...For the constrained generalized Hamiltonian system with dissipation, by introducing Lagrange multiplier and using projection technique, the Lie group integration method was presented, which can preserve the inherent structure of dynamic system and the constraint-invariant. Firstly, the constrained generalized Hamiltonian system with dissipative was converted to the non-constraint generalized Hamiltonian system, then Lie group integration algorithm for the non-constraint generalized Hamiltonian system was discussed, finally the projection method for generalized Hamiltonian system with constraint was given. It is found that the constraint invariant is ensured by projection technique, and after introducing Lagrange multiplier the Lie group character of the dynamic system can't be destroyed while projecting to the constraint manifold. The discussion is restricted to the case of holonomic constraint. A presented numerical example shows the effectiveness of the method.展开更多
This is a further development work on grouping of printed circuit boards(PCBs)for Surface Mount Assembly in the electronic industry.The arrangement of PCBs among several surface mount machine lines is a typical kind o...This is a further development work on grouping of printed circuit boards(PCBs)for Surface Mount Assembly in the electronic industry.The arrangement of PCBs among several surface mount machine lines is a typical kind of group technology(GT)problem.From literatures,there are various clustering techniques developed to solve the clustering problems.In this paper,fuzzy c-means clustering(FCM)is used to solve the PCBs grouping problem.Applying them in a real problem compares the results of the two methods.The result shows that there should be a systematic method to arrange the scheduling of PCB assemblies in electronic industry to improve the operations planning process.展开更多
Rh血型系统是输血医学中重要的常规检测血型系统,因RhD血型不合引起的溶血性输血反应及新生儿溶血病一直以来倍受临床重视。本研究报道了2例罕见的RHD基因变异型RHD*DEL37个体的血清学和基因特征,这2例个体的血液样本经血清学方法(试管...Rh血型系统是输血医学中重要的常规检测血型系统,因RhD血型不合引起的溶血性输血反应及新生儿溶血病一直以来倍受临床重视。本研究报道了2例罕见的RHD基因变异型RHD*DEL37个体的血清学和基因特征,这2例个体的血液样本经血清学方法(试管法和微柱凝胶法)鉴定为RhD阴性。采用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物(polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific prime,PCR-SSP)对样本进行RHD基因分型和合子型分析,基因分型结果为RHD基因阳性,并排除了常见的几种RHD基因变异体的可能。RHD基因合子型检测阳性,证明其中一条RHD等位基因1~10外显子全部缺失。进一步对样本RHD基因1~10外显子基因进行Sanger法测序,测序结果显示在另一条等位基因第8内含子上的第1154-31号碱基发生了T>C突变,国际输血协会(International Society of Blood Transfusion,ISBT)将该突变等位基因命名为RHD*DEL37,表型为RhD放散型(D-elute,Del)。本研究中,2例血清学初筛RhD阴性的样本通过分子生物学检测,其基因型为RHD*DEL37/RHD-(RHD*01N.01)。由于这2例个体无血缘关系,提示我国可能存在携带该基因突变的人群。本研究提示分子生物学方法可辅助鉴别血清学初筛为阴性的RhD变异体样本,联用分子生物学方法和血清学方法在准确鉴定血型、保障患者输血安全方面有重要意义。展开更多
选择合适的海上风力发电机机型对海上风电场的长期高效运行起着至关重要的作用。针对决策者在风机选型决策过程中存在不确定性和主观偏好等问题,提出一种改进的多准则决策(multi-criteria decision making, MCDM)框架及方法:在权重求解...选择合适的海上风力发电机机型对海上风电场的长期高效运行起着至关重要的作用。针对决策者在风机选型决策过程中存在不确定性和主观偏好等问题,提出一种改进的多准则决策(multi-criteria decision making, MCDM)框架及方法:在权重求解算法中将群体决策和直觉模糊数与层次分析法相结合,提出群体直觉模糊层次分析法(group intuitionistic fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, GIAHP)计算指标权重;在备选方案排序算法中将余弦距离引入接近理想点法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution, TOPSIS),提出多距离TOPSIS确定备选方案排序。最后以山东省海上风电场风机选型为例,并通过敏感性分析验证框架及方法的鲁棒性。该框架及方法为中国海上风电场风机选型提供理论依据,可确保海上风电场长期稳定运行。展开更多
目的研究临床教学管理岗位胜任力内涵,构建胜任力框架并观察初步应用效果。方法首先以北京协和医院临床教学秘书、临床教学对象、教学行政管理人员、教改实践与研究人员等关键群体为研究对象,通过两轮名义群体法(nominal group techniqu...目的研究临床教学管理岗位胜任力内涵,构建胜任力框架并观察初步应用效果。方法首先以北京协和医院临床教学秘书、临床教学对象、教学行政管理人员、教改实践与研究人员等关键群体为研究对象,通过两轮名义群体法(nominal group technique,NGT)形成临床教学管理岗位的胜任力框架。然后采用该胜任力框架以问卷调查的形式邀请临床教学秘书进行自评打分,自评采用李克特评分法(最高为5分,最低为1分),统计并分析自评结果。结果临床教学秘书、临床教学对象及教学行政管理人员通过首轮NGT讨论,对于临床教学管理岗位胜任力要素,如个人素养、组织协调能力、教学能力与教学创新能力等可基本形成共识,但对其内涵及重要性排序持有不同观点。教改实践与研究人员通过第二轮NGT讨论,在首轮讨论结果基础上形成了涵盖7个维度(医学知识与技能、以学习者为中心、沟通与合作、职业素养与榜样、反思与提升、教学理论与方法、教学协调与管理)的临床教学管理岗位胜任力框架。自评结果显示,除“教学协调与管理”“教学理论与方法”2个维度自评得分低于4分外,余5个维度自评得分均高于4分。结论本研究初步形成临床教学管理岗位胜任力框架并尝试应用,应用效果对引导胜任力提升及评价具有重要提示作用,但具体内涵描述尚待更多实践以进一步验证和优化。展开更多
文摘Background: Nurses can often be key frontline healthcare professionals working in remote and rural settings due to resource constraints including an acute shortage of medical practitioners. The provision of regular and appropriate Continuing Professional Development (CPD) to support nurses to be able to provide effective health care therefore becomes even more significant in these settings. Engagement and “buy in” from relevant stakeholders at an organisational level is a critical step to ensure CPD provision for nurses. Objectives: The overall aim was to achieve consensus on CPD for registered nurses working in remote and rural settings among key stakeholders using the Nominal Group Technique (NGT). The objectives were to identify stakeholders’ perspectives on the priorities for CPD training for registered nurses;the preferred modes of delivery for CPD and perceived barriers and facilitators for CPD access. Methods: NGT was used as a qualitative method with key organisational stakeholders in several iterative stages in the form of a workshop. Results: 22 senior healthcare professionals involved in medical and nursing education representing north, northeast, central India and the state of Karnataka in South India participated in the workshop. Three key findings emerged from this study: priorities of CPD;preferred modes of CPD delivery;barriers and facilitators to CPD access. Conclusion: Engagement with key stakeholders to identify CPD priorities can help facilitate strategic planning and provision of relevant and accessible CPD programmes for nurses working within remote and rural health care contexts in India.
文摘Machine-type communication (MTC) devices provide a broad range of data collection especially on the massive data generated environments such as urban, industrials and event-enabled areas. In dense deployments, the data collected at the closest locations between the MTC devices are spatially correlated. In this paper, we propose a k-means grouping technique to combine all MTC devices based on spatially correlated. The MTC devices collect the data on the event-based area and then transmit to the centralized aggregator for processing and computing. With the limitation of computational resources at the centralized aggregator, some grouped MTC devices data offloaded to the nearby base station collocated with the mobile edge-computing server. As a sensing capability adopted on MTC devices, we use a power exponential function model to compute a correlation coefficient existing between the MTC devices. Based on this framework, we compare the energy consumption when all data processed locally at centralized aggregator or offloaded at mobile edge computing server with optimal solution obtained by the brute force method. Then, the simulation results revealed that the proposed k-means grouping technique reduce the energy consumption at centralized aggregator while satisfying the required completion time.
文摘The work of the irradiation technique group of the material center is aimed at following two aspects:1. Technique support In 2015, we have had about 500 h beam time for 42 the single event effect (SEE) tests, which cooperating with various institutes, universities, and companies. The ground tests are the basic safeguard for the spacecraft and satellite. In order to raise the irradiation efficiency of the Terminal 5, an improvement of the sample transfer system has been accomplished. To study the dependency of SEE on the ion flux, a flip-flop composed of four kinds of structure test and analysis have been done. And some SEE simulation methods have been established.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.70971131, 70901074)
文摘The technique for order performance by similarity to ideal solution （TOPSIS） is one of the major techniques in dealing with multiple criteria decision making （MCDM） problems, and the belief structure （BS） model has been used successfully for uncertain MCDM with incompleteness, impreciseness or ignorance. In this paper, the TOPSIS method with BS model is proposed to solve group belief MCDM problems. Firstly, the group belief MCDM problem is structured as a belief decision matrix in which the judgments of each decision maker are described as BS models, and then the evidential reasoning approach is used for aggregating the multiple decision makers＇ judgments. Subsequently, the positive and negative ideal belief solutions are defined with the principle of TOPSIS. To measure the separation from ideal solutions, the concept and algorithm of belief distance measure are defined, which can be used for comparing the difference between BS models. Finally, the relative closeness and ranking index are calculated for ranking the alternatives. A numerical example is given to illustrate the proposed method.
文摘For the constrained generalized Hamiltonian system with dissipation, by introducing Lagrange multiplier and using projection technique, the Lie group integration method was presented, which can preserve the inherent structure of dynamic system and the constraint-invariant. Firstly, the constrained generalized Hamiltonian system with dissipative was converted to the non-constraint generalized Hamiltonian system, then Lie group integration algorithm for the non-constraint generalized Hamiltonian system was discussed, finally the projection method for generalized Hamiltonian system with constraint was given. It is found that the constraint invariant is ensured by projection technique, and after introducing Lagrange multiplier the Lie group character of the dynamic system can't be destroyed while projecting to the constraint manifold. The discussion is restricted to the case of holonomic constraint. A presented numerical example shows the effectiveness of the method.
文摘This is a further development work on grouping of printed circuit boards(PCBs)for Surface Mount Assembly in the electronic industry.The arrangement of PCBs among several surface mount machine lines is a typical kind of group technology(GT)problem.From literatures,there are various clustering techniques developed to solve the clustering problems.In this paper,fuzzy c-means clustering(FCM)is used to solve the PCBs grouping problem.Applying them in a real problem compares the results of the two methods.The result shows that there should be a systematic method to arrange the scheduling of PCB assemblies in electronic industry to improve the operations planning process.
文摘Rh血型系统是输血医学中重要的常规检测血型系统,因RhD血型不合引起的溶血性输血反应及新生儿溶血病一直以来倍受临床重视。本研究报道了2例罕见的RHD基因变异型RHD*DEL37个体的血清学和基因特征,这2例个体的血液样本经血清学方法(试管法和微柱凝胶法)鉴定为RhD阴性。采用聚合酶链反应-序列特异性引物(polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific prime,PCR-SSP)对样本进行RHD基因分型和合子型分析,基因分型结果为RHD基因阳性,并排除了常见的几种RHD基因变异体的可能。RHD基因合子型检测阳性,证明其中一条RHD等位基因1~10外显子全部缺失。进一步对样本RHD基因1~10外显子基因进行Sanger法测序,测序结果显示在另一条等位基因第8内含子上的第1154-31号碱基发生了T>C突变,国际输血协会(International Society of Blood Transfusion,ISBT)将该突变等位基因命名为RHD*DEL37,表型为RhD放散型(D-elute,Del)。本研究中,2例血清学初筛RhD阴性的样本通过分子生物学检测,其基因型为RHD*DEL37/RHD-(RHD*01N.01)。由于这2例个体无血缘关系,提示我国可能存在携带该基因突变的人群。本研究提示分子生物学方法可辅助鉴别血清学初筛为阴性的RhD变异体样本,联用分子生物学方法和血清学方法在准确鉴定血型、保障患者输血安全方面有重要意义。
文摘选择合适的海上风力发电机机型对海上风电场的长期高效运行起着至关重要的作用。针对决策者在风机选型决策过程中存在不确定性和主观偏好等问题,提出一种改进的多准则决策(multi-criteria decision making, MCDM)框架及方法:在权重求解算法中将群体决策和直觉模糊数与层次分析法相结合,提出群体直觉模糊层次分析法(group intuitionistic fuzzy analytic hierarchy process, GIAHP)计算指标权重;在备选方案排序算法中将余弦距离引入接近理想点法(technique for order preference by similarity to an ideal solution, TOPSIS),提出多距离TOPSIS确定备选方案排序。最后以山东省海上风电场风机选型为例,并通过敏感性分析验证框架及方法的鲁棒性。该框架及方法为中国海上风电场风机选型提供理论依据,可确保海上风电场长期稳定运行。
文摘目的研究临床教学管理岗位胜任力内涵,构建胜任力框架并观察初步应用效果。方法首先以北京协和医院临床教学秘书、临床教学对象、教学行政管理人员、教改实践与研究人员等关键群体为研究对象,通过两轮名义群体法(nominal group technique,NGT)形成临床教学管理岗位的胜任力框架。然后采用该胜任力框架以问卷调查的形式邀请临床教学秘书进行自评打分,自评采用李克特评分法(最高为5分,最低为1分),统计并分析自评结果。结果临床教学秘书、临床教学对象及教学行政管理人员通过首轮NGT讨论,对于临床教学管理岗位胜任力要素,如个人素养、组织协调能力、教学能力与教学创新能力等可基本形成共识,但对其内涵及重要性排序持有不同观点。教改实践与研究人员通过第二轮NGT讨论,在首轮讨论结果基础上形成了涵盖7个维度(医学知识与技能、以学习者为中心、沟通与合作、职业素养与榜样、反思与提升、教学理论与方法、教学协调与管理)的临床教学管理岗位胜任力框架。自评结果显示,除“教学协调与管理”“教学理论与方法”2个维度自评得分低于4分外,余5个维度自评得分均高于4分。结论本研究初步形成临床教学管理岗位胜任力框架并尝试应用,应用效果对引导胜任力提升及评价具有重要提示作用,但具体内涵描述尚待更多实践以进一步验证和优化。
