Tanshinone ⅡA improves Alzheimer’s disease via RNA nuclearenriched abundant transcript 1/microRNA-291a-3p/member RAS oncogene family Rab22a axis

BACKGROUND Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by oxidative stress and neuroinflammation.Tanshinone ⅡA(Tan-ⅡA),a bioactive compound isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza plants,has shown potential neuroprotective effects;however,the mechanisms underlying such a function remain unclear.AIM To investigate potential Tan-ⅡA neuroprotective effects in AD and to elucidate their underlying mechanisms.METHODS Hematoxylin and eosin staining was utilized to analyze structural brain tissue morphology.To assess changes in oxidative stress and neuroinflammation,we performed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blotting.Additionally,the effect of Tan-ⅡA on AD cell models was evaluated in vitro using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.Genetic changes related to the long non-coding RNA(lncRNA)nuclear-enriched abundant transcript 1(NEAT1)/microRNA(miRNA,miR)-291a-3p/member RAS oncogene family Rab22a axis were assessed through reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS In vivo,Tan-ⅡA treatment improved neuronal morphology and attenuated oxidative stress and neuroinflammation in the brain tissue of AD mice.In vitro experiments showed that Tan-ⅡA dose-dependently ameliorated the amyloid-beta 1-42-induced reduction of neural stem cell viability,apoptosis,oxidative stress,and neuroinflammation.In this process,the lncRNA NEAT1-a potential therapeutic target-is highly expressed in AD mice and downregulated via Tan-ⅡA treatment.Mechanistically,NEAT1 promotes the transcription and translation of Rab22a via miR-291a-3p,which activates nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB)signaling,leading to activation of the pro-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2-associated X protein and inhibition of the anti-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma 2 protein,which exacerbates AD.Tan-ⅡA intervention effectively blocked this process by inhibiting the NEAT1/miR-291a-3p/Rab22a axis and NF-κB signaling.CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that Tan-ⅡA exerts neuroprotective effects in AD by modulating the NEAT1/miR-291a-3p/Rab22a/NF-κB signaling pathway,serving as a foundation for the development of innovative approaches for AD therapy.

A Family of Global Attractors for the Generalized Kirchhoff-Beam Equations

In this paper, we discuss the existence and uniqueness of global solutions, the existence of the family of global attractors and its dimension estimation for generalized Beam-Kirchhoff equation under initial conditions and boundary conditions, using the previous research results for reference. Firstly, the existence of bounded absorption set is proved by using a prior estimation, then the existence and uniqueness of the global solution of the problem is proved by using the classical Galerkin’s method. Finally, Housdorff dimension and fractal dimension of the family of global attractors are estimated by linear variational method and generalized Sobolev-Lieb-Thirring inequality.

A Study on the Child-Rearing Pattern of American Family in Lizzie McGuire

Development of globalization makes family education play a more important role in global competition.The child-rearing pattern is the reflection of family education.Therefore,the paper will research child-rearing pattern of American family in Lizzie Mc Guire.

Structure-Function Relationship of a Gellan Family of Polysaccharide, S-198 Gum, Produced by Alcaligenes ATCC31853

The structure-function relationship of a gellan family of polysaccharides, S-198 gum produced by Alcaligenes ATCC31853 was investigated in terms of rheological aspects. The flow curves of S-198 gum showed plastic behavior above 0.3%. Gelation did not occur in S-198 gum solution at low temperature (0℃), even at 0.8%. Both the viscosity and the elastic modulus remained constant with increasing temperature up to 80?C. The elastic modulus decreased a little with the addition of CaCl2 (6.8 mM), but then once again remained constant up to 80℃. The highest elastic modulus was observed for deacylated gellan gum with the addition of CaCl2 and increased slightly with increasing temperature up to 80℃, which was considered to be a transition temperature, after which it decreased rapidly. The elastic modulus of S-198 gum in the presence of urea (4.0 M) was lower than that in aqueous solution at low temperature (0℃), but remained constant with increasing temperature up to 80℃. The intramolecular associations, (hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces of attraction), of S-198 gum molecules in aqueous solutions were proposed. The gellan family of polysaccharides, S-198, S-88, S-657, rhamsan, welan and gellan gum, provided a good opportunity to investigate the structure-function relationship for polysaccharides.

转基因水稻中GUS蛋白质的检测及其表达特征

【目的】建立转基因水稻中GUS蛋白质的免疫学检测方法,并了解花椰菜花叶病毒(CaMV)35S启动子驱动的GUS蛋白质在转基因水稻中的表达特征。【方法】以细菌基因组DNA为模板,PCR扩增GUS基因后克隆到表达载体pET30a中,测序验证的重组子转入大肠杆菌表达菌BL21中,IPTG诱导获得重组表达的GUS蛋白质,用HIS-tag beads纯化后作为免疫原免疫小鼠制备GUS蛋白质特异的抗体,通过免疫印迹分析筛选高特异性的单克隆抗体,用Broadford法对重组的GUS蛋白质进行定量,对不同浓度的GUS蛋白质进行免疫印迹分析,绘制检测GUS蛋白质的标准曲线,通过与标准曲线的比较对水稻叶片中GUS蛋白质进行定量分析。提取不同时期、不同部位的水稻总蛋白质,包括苗期的地上部、地下部,分蘖期的茎、茎节、叶鞘、叶枕、叶片上部、叶片中部和叶片下部,孕穗期的茎、穗轴、叶鞘、叶枕、叶片、幼穗(长度分别为1、2、10和20 cm),开花期的茎、穗轴、叶鞘、叶片、穗子,成熟期的茎、叶片、授粉后不同时期的种子(分别为授粉后10、20、30和40 d)、乳熟期的胚、胚乳和颖壳、成熟种子的全种子、胚、胚乳和颖壳以及不同时期的叶片和根部材料等。SDS-PAGE分离后用抗体检测其GUS蛋白质的丰度。【结果】筛选获得了高特异性的抗GUS单克隆抗体(编号为#27),用该抗体检测转基因水稻中及重组的GUS蛋白质均呈现特异条带,没有可见的背景信号,用本研究建立的免疫印迹方法对重组GUS蛋白质的检测下限约为4 ng,可检出转基因水稻单粒大米2.5%样品中(约0.6 mg)的GUS蛋白质。在不同时期的转基因水稻叶片中GUS蛋白质的表达丰度基本稳定,而在水稻根部的GUS丰度随生长急剧减少,5叶期根中的表达量不到3叶期的三分之一,到6叶期检测不到GUS蛋白质。在水稻苗期叶片中,GUS蛋白质约占鲜重的0.02‰。另外,除分蘖期以后的根部之外,GUS蛋白质几乎在所有的水稻组织部位中呈组成型表达,只是不同组织中的表达量略有差异,如在孕穗期和开花期的茎及颖壳中的表达量较低。【结论】建立了具有应用价值的对转基因水稻中GUS蛋白质丰度检测的免疫印记方法。该方法特异性高、样品用量少、不依赖于GUS蛋白质的酶活性、测定结果易于在不同实验室间比较。证明了35S启动子驱动的GUS蛋白质在转基因水稻中基本呈组成型表达。

CaMV 35S启动子在菊花中驱动GUS外源基因的表达分析

[目的]由于CaMV 35S启动子转化菊花存在外源基因表达量低、基因沉默等问题,本研究对35S启动子、2×35S启动子在菊花中驱动GUS外源基因的表达进行了分析,以期为高效菊花转化提供理论指导。[方法]通过设计引物,利用PCR从p CAMBIA1301 Vector中克隆了35S启动子、2×35S启动子的序列并插入pORE R2载体中,分别获得了重组载体p ORE R2-35S:GUS和p ORE R2-2×35S:GUS,通过农杆菌介导法将构建的遗传转化载体分别导入切花菊品种‘神马’中。[结果]试验共转化2 296个菊花叶盘,经过筛选共得到16个过量表达的转基因株系。经PCR验证,目标片段已经成功插入转基因株系基因组。荧光定量PCR分析和染色分析显示,在转基因菊花中2×35S比35S启动子表现出驱动GUS基因高量表达的特性。[结论]在选择合适菊花品种的基础上,2×35S比35S启动子可以更加高效地促进基因表达。

A Story About Mary's Family

The students were having an English class. "Today you can write a story about your family.I want you to tell me something about your parents and your brothers and sisters, "said Mr Shute. Mary raised her hand."What kind of thing shall I write about my parents? "she asked. "Well,"said Mr Shute. "Write about

Similar clinical characteristics of familial and sporadic inflammatory bowel disease in South Korea

AIM:To investigate differences of clinical characteristics and disease courses between familial and sporadic inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)patients.METHODS:We obtained clinical data on Crohn’s disease(CD)(n=691)and ulcerative colitis(n=1113)from a tertiary referral medical center between 2005and 2012.Seventeen patients(2.5%)with CD and27 patients(2.4%)with ulcerative colitis(UC)were identified as having a familial history of IBD,including the first and second degree relatives.For each control case,three times the number of age-,sex-,and diagnosis year-matched CD and UC patients,without a family history of IBD,were randomly selected in this case control study.RESULTS:There were no significant differences in age or main symptom at diagnosis,extraintestinal manifestation,location/extent,behavior of disease activity,number of hospitalizations,number of operations,operation type,number of relapses,or oral medical treatment between familial and sporadic CD and UC patients.Median(min-max)follow-up periods after diagnosis of familial CD and sporadic CD patients were 84(24-312)and 36(8-240)mo,respectively(P=0.008).Familial CD patients more frequently used anti-tumor necrosis factor(TNF)antibodies compared to sporadic CD patients(17.6%vs 0%,P=0.014).CONCLUSION:In conclusion,a family history of IBD does not seem to be an important predictive factor affecting clinical characteristics or disease course even if there is a more frequent use of anti-TNF antibodies in familial CD patients compared to sporadic CD patients.

Structure and function of the contactin-associated protein family in myelinated axons and their relationship with nerve diseases

The contactin-associated protein （Caspr） family participates in nerve excitation and conduction, and neurotransmitter release in myelinated axons. We analyzed the structures and functions of the Caspr family- CNTNAP1 （Casprl）, CNTNAP2 （Caspr2）, CNTNAP3 （Caspr3）, CNTNAP4 （Caspr4） and CNTNAP5 （Caspr5）, Casprl-5 is not only involved in the formation of myelinated axons, but also participates in maintaining the stability of adjacent connections. Casprl participates in the formation, differentiation, and proliferation of neurons and astrocytes, and in motor control and cognitive function. We also analyzed the relationship between the Caspr family and neurodegenerative diseases, multiple sclerosis, and autoimmune encephalitis. However, the effects of Caspr on disease course and prognosis remain poorly understood. The effects of Caspr on disease diagnosis and treatment need further investigation.

Adenomas of the common bile duct in familial adenomatous polyposis

Familial adenomatous polyposis(FAP)or Gardner’s syndrome is often accompanied by adenomas of the stomach and duodenum.We experienced a case of adenomas of the common bile duct in a 40-year-old woman with FAP presenting with acute cholangitis.Only 8 cases of adenomas or adenocarcinoma ofthe common bile duct have been reported in the literature in patients with FAP or Gardner’s syndrome.Those patients presented with acute cholangitis or pancreatitis.Local excision or Whipple procedure may be the reasonable surgical option.

Family history and disease outcomes in patients with Crohn's disease:A comparison between China and the United States

AIM To investigate the differences in family history of inflammatory bowel disease(IBD) and clinical outcomes among individuals with Crohn's disease(CD) residing in China and the United States.METHODS We performed a survey-based cross-sectional study of participants with CD recruited from China and the United States.We compared the prevalence of IBD family history and history of ileal involvement,CD-related surgeries and IBD medications in China and the United States,adjusting for potential confounders.RESULTS We recruited 49 participants from China and 145 from the United States.The prevalence of family history of IBD was significantly lower in China compared with the United States(China:4.1%,United States:39.3%).The three most commonly affected types of relatives were cousin,sibling,and parent in the United States compared with child and sibling in China.Ileal involvement(China:63.3%,United States:63.5%) and surgery for CD(China:51.0%,United States:49.7%) were nearly equivalent in the two countries.CONCLUSION The lower prevalence of familial clustering of IBD in China may suggest that the etiology of CD is less attributed to genetic background or a family-shared environment compared with the United States.Despite the potential difference in etiology,surgery and ileal involvement were similar in the two countries.Examining the changes in family history during the continuing rise in IBD may provide further insight into the etiology of CD.

Research on the effects of family care degree on stigma and psychosocial adaptation among the patients with Parkinson’s disease

Objective:This study aimed to investigate the status quo of family care degree,stigma and psychosocial adaptation of the patients with Parkinson’s disease(PD),and discuss the effects of family care degree on stigma and psychosocial adaptation among the patients with PD.Methods:This study was conducted between September 2018 and April 2019 on patients with PD who were admitted to a Ter tiary Grade A hospital in Dalian city.A total of 246 PD patients were investigated by convenience sampling method using self-designed general information questionnaire,along with family care index(APGAR),24-item Stigma Scale for Chronic Illness(SSCI),and Psychosocial Adjustment Scale(PAS)for PD.And patients were divided into two groups according to the level of family care degree and compared with stigma and psychosocial adaptation.Results:The total score of family care for patients with PD was 6.97±2.46,family function was good in 132 cases(53.7%),moderate barrier in 92 cases(37.4%),and severe barrier in 22 cases(8.9%).The scores of stigma and psychosocial adaptability and their dimensions in the group with high degree family care were higher than the low degree group.Conclusions:The overall level of family care for PD patients was poor.Improving family care degree can help patients with PD to reduce stigma and improve psychosocial adaptation.

A Family of Global Attractors for a Class of Generalized Kirchhoff-Beam Equations

The initial boundary value problem for a class of high-order Beam equations with quasilinear and strongly damped terms is studied. Firstly, the existence and uniqueness of the global solution of the equation are proved by prior estimation and Galerkin finite element method. Then the bounded absorption set is obtained by prior estimation, and the family of global attractors for the high-order Kirchhoff-Beam equation is obtained. The Frechet differentiability of the solution semigroup is proved after the linearization of the equation, and the decay of the volume element of the linearization problem is further proved. Finally, the Hausdorff dimension and Fractal dimension of the family of global attractors are proved to be finite.

The role of DJ-1 complexes and catecholamine metabolism： relevance for familial and idiopathic Parkinson＇s disease

Autosomal recessive mutations in the PARK7 gene,which encodes for the protein DJ-1,result in a loss of function and are a cause of familial Parkinson’s disease（PD）,while increased wild-type DJ-1protein levels are associated with some forms of cancer.Several functions of DJ-1 have been described,with the greatest evidence indicating that DJ-1 is a redox-sensitive protein involved in the regulation of oxidative stress and cell survival.

GU'S FUNCTION SCALE OF ION HYDRATION FORCE AND CHARGE SIZE

Water Vapor Chemistry" as a new science was discovered and established from trace analysis in Gu’s laboratory(Gu, 1991; Gu et al., 1991). Gu’s Function shows that the trace metal ion concentration in water vapor has positive correlation to"specific electron affinity constant"last ionization potential Iz/ion valence Z and negative correlation to ion volume V and coordination number N(Gu, 1994). Gu’s Func-tion C=f[(Iz/Z)/VN]of the bond parameter in water vapor chemistry corresponds to the potential energy function Z’ e2/r in the Schrodinger Equation of quantum chemistry. In different ions with the same 2+ charge, the ion concentration of water-water vapor transfer may be much different. This shows that the 2+ charge of different ions has different attractive force (hydration force). This different attractive force of the charge can be scaled with the relative energy or charge size from Gu’s Function.

Treatment of Crohn's disease and familial Mediterranean fever by leukopheresis:Single shot for two targets

Coexistence of Crohn's disease(CD) and familial Mediterranean fever(FMF) is a rare condition and knowledge about this clinical situation is limited with a few case reports in the literature. The treatment of both diseases depends on their individual therapies. However, it is very hard to deal with this coexistence when CD is refractory to standard therapies. Ongoing activity of CD triggers the clinical attacks of FMF and the symptoms like abdominal pain interfere with both disease presentations which can cause problems about diagnostic and therapeutic approach. The main therapeutic agent for FMF is colchicine and diarrhea is the most common side effect of this drug. This side effect also causes problems about management of these diseases when both of them are clinically active. Here we report probably the first case in the literature with coexisting CD and FMF who was successfully treated by leukopheresis since he was refractory to conventional therapies for CD.

PARK1 gene mutation of autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease family

Studies have shown that PARK1 gene is associated with the autosomal dominant inheritance of Parkinson＇s disease. PARK1 gene contains two mutation sites, namely Ala30Pro and Ala53Thr, which are located on exons 3 and 4, respectively. However, the genetic loci of the pathogenic genes remain unclear. In this study, blood samples were collected from 11 members of a family with high prevalence of Parkinson＇s disease, including four affected cases, five suspected cases and two non-affected cases. Point mutation screening of common mutation sites on PARK1 gene exon 4 was conducted using PCR, to determine the genetic loci of the causative gene for Parkinson＇s disease. Gene identification and sequencing results showed that a T base deletion mutation was observed in the PARK1 gene exon 4 of all 11 collected samples. It was confirmed that the PARK1 gene exon 4 gene mutation is an important pathogenic mutation for Parkinson＇s disease.

Gardening Art of Gu Dongyang's Memorial Temple in Wuxi City,Jiangsu Province

On the basis of explaining goals of building temple gardens,Gu Dongyang’s Memorial Temple in Wuxi City was taken for example to analyze its gardening arts from the perspective of water layout,stone layout,building and plant design,and elaborate its cultural connotations from decorative symbols of its architectural components.It was concluded that Gu Dongyang’s Memorial Temple,in spite of its small size and plain style,had profound historical background and high referential value for furthering the study on temple gardens in the south of the Yangtze River.

割手密GST基因家族的分析及其对阿特拉津的响应

从全基因组的角度分析了割手密谷胱苷肽⁃S⁃转移酶(GST)基因家族成员的特征,共鉴定出129个GST。通过对割手密GST蛋白的系统发育分析,发现这些GST可以划分为4个亚家族,且每个亚家族内的蛋白排列紧凑,说明同亚族内部基因进化关系均比较亲近。此外,对在阿特拉津处理下GST基因家族中10个F亚族基因的表达水平进行检测,结果表明,根中的SpGSTF1、SpGSTF9、SpGSTF14、SpGSTF16、SpGSTF18、SpGSTF31在阿特拉津胁迫下表达显著上调,推测这6个基因可能在响应阿特拉津胁迫的过程中起重要作用。研究结果有助于揭示割手密GST家族的进化和功能演替,并对进一步了解割手密GST对阿特拉津的解毒响应机制提供理论参考,同时也为培养抗除草剂甘蔗品种提供基因资源。

Pressure-induced phase transitions in the ZrXY(X=Si,Ge,Sn;Y=S,Se,Te)family compounds

Pressure is an effective and clean way to modify the electronic structures of materials,cause structural phase transitions and even induce the emergence of superconductivity.Here,we predicted several new phases of the Zr XY family at high pressures using the crystal structures search method together with first-principle calculations.In particular,the Zr Ge S compound undergoes an isosymmetric phase transition from P4/nmm-I to P4/nmm-II at approximately 82 GPa.Electronic band structures show that all the high-pressure phases are metallic.Among these new structures,P4/nmm-II Zr Ge S and P4/mmm Zr Ge Se can be quenched to ambient pressure with superconducting critical temperatures of approximately 8.1 K and 8.0 K,respectively.Our study provides a way to tune the structure,electronic properties,and superconducting behavior of topological materials through pressure.