Sterilization Effect of Cooking Process for Guilin Rice Noodles Based on Heat Conduction Model

Guilin rice noodles, a unique cuisine from Guilin, Guangxi, is renowned both domestically and internationally as one of the top ten “Guilin Classics”. Utilizing a heat conduction model, this study explores the effectiveness of the cooking process in sterilizing Guilin rice noodles before consumption. The model assumes that a large pot is filled with boiling water which is maintained at a constant high temperature heat resource through continuous gentle heating. And the room temperature is set as the initial temperature for the preheating process and the final temperature for the cooling process. The objective is to assess whether the cooking process achieves satisfactory sterilization results. The temperature distribution function of rice noodle with time is analytically obtained using the separation of variables method in the three-dimensional cylindrical coordinate system. Meanwhile, the thermal diffusion coefficient of Guilin rice noodles is obtained in terms of Riedel’ theory. By analyzing the elimination characteristics of Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp. farinofermentans, this study obtains the optimal time required for effective sterilization at the core of Guilin rice noodles. The results show that the potential Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp. farinofermentans will be completely eliminated through continuously preheating more than 31 seconds during the cooking process before consumption. This study provides a valuable reference of food safety standards in the cooking process of Guilin rice noodles, particularly in ensuring the complete inactivation of potentially harmful strains such as Pseudomonas cocovenenans subsp. farinofermentans.

Plant Landscaping Characteristics of the Sweet Osmanthus Exposition Park in Guilin City

Through field investigation, the plant landscaping and its characteristics of Sweet Osmanthus Exposition Park in Guilin were analyzed in terms of three aspects: the allocation of Sweet Osmanthus species, the collocation of Sweet Osmanthus and other plants, plants' arrangement in Sweet Osmanthus landscape garden, which would provide reference for the construction of the special categorized plants gardens.

Analysis of Meteorological Disasters in the Flowering and Fruiting Period of Sugar Orange in Guilin

The yield of sugar orange is closely related to meteorological conditions in the flowering and fruiting period, and meteorological disasters at the flowering and early fruiting stage seriously affect its yield. To study influences of meteorological disasters in the flowering and early fruiting stage on sugar orange industry in Guilin, meteorological disasters in the flowering and early fruiting stage and its defense measures were analyzed and studied. The flowering and early fruiting stage of sug- ar orange in Guilin is from March to June, and sudden change of temperature, thunderstorm, hale, hail, rainstorm and other natural disasters can cause the falling of large numbers of flowers and young fruit, damage of tree body, reduction of fruit in quantity, and decrease of its yield. Timely understanding information of disastrous weather and implementing management of water and fertilizer can effectively reduce the loss caused by meteorological disasters and ensue high quality and high yield of sugar orange.

Influence of Meteorological Conditions on the Sugar Orange Industry in Guilin

Guilin sugar orange has advantages of good taste, harvest during the Spring Festival, marketable market, and it has got swift and violent development in recent years. Sugar orange yield and quality is closely related to meteorological conditions, so in order to study the effect of meteorological conditions on the Guilin sugar orange, the local conditions of each orange-planting county in Guilin is analyzed, and study is also carried out on the severe weather and its defense measures. The suitable growth temperature for sugar orange is 23-29 ℃, and sugar orange is not tolerant to waterlogging and drought, like light, and has no resistance to ice cold. The main meteorological disasters include high temperature, low temperature, flood, drought, wind, hail, etc. Reasonable selection of orchard, scientific management, especially the management of plant diseases and insect pests, is the key to ensure high-quality high sand sugar orange.

The Younger Dryas Event and Holocene Climate Fluctuations Recorded in a Stalagmite from the Panlong Cave of Guilin

: Comprehensive studies on a stalagmite from the Panlong cave, Guilin, have shown that the isotopic records and sedimentary characteristics can reflect the changes of both palaeotemperatures and palaeorainfall, that is to say, it is possible to get some information about the changes in climate of the area from the speleothem. The results suggest that: (1) the Younger Dryas event might have persisted in the area from 11 300 to 10 800 a B.P.; (2) from 9000 to 7000 a B.P., the climate got warmer and wetter, and the summer monsoon was gradually enhanced; (3) from 7000 to 4500 a B.P., the climate was warm and wet, and the summer monsoon prevailed; and (4) from 4500 a B.P. on, the summer monsoon was weakened and the modern climate pattern appeared, but there were several cold and dry periods, namely, from 4000 to 2500 a B.P., ca. 2400 a B.P. and < 1000 a B.P.

A Comprehensive Evaluation on the Devonian-Carboniferous Boundary Stratotype Candidate Section in Nanbiancun, Guilin, Guangxi

This paper presents a comprehensive evaluation on the Devonian-Carboniferous Boundary (DCB) sectionin Nanbiancun. Guilin. Guangxi on the basis of Palaeontological, biostratigraphical and sedimentarypetrological studies as well as microfacies analysis. REE and trace element analysis and isotopic dating. The DCB at this section conforms to the definition of this boundary and essentially measure up the criteriaand conditions for selection of the boundary stratotype. Up to 14 fossil groups are contained in the section. Thesection presents a general biostratigraphical framework with multispecies fossils zones, assemblage zones andmultiple groups of fossils and has latent preponderant conditions for magnetostratigraphic andchronostratigraphic studies. The boundary and point occur in a persistent and continuous monofacialcarbonate succession. and the section is located in a tourist city with convenient communication, where variousfacies of DCB sections are developed. allowing the correlation within a small area. So it is an ideal candidateboundary stratotype.

Analysis on Meteorological Conditions of Winter Cold Injury of Sugar Orange Industry in Guilin

Yield and quality of sugar orange are closely related to meteorological conditions,especially the low temperature and cold injury in mature period of fruit. To study the influence of winter cold injury on sugar orange industry of Guilin,the chilling injury weather in each county of Guilin planting sugar orange is analyzed,and the disastrous cold weather and its defense measures are studied. Frost,freezing and cold wave happen in Guilin winter sometimes,and the disastrous weather could seriously harm maturing sugar orange or that in the tree,causing peel coke,dehiscent fruit,fruit drop and quality decline. It can effectively reduce the loss by chilling injury and guarantee excellent quantity and high yield of sugar orange by timely understanding weather change information,scientifically managing water and fertilizer,and doing film cover well.

Research on Influence of Guilin Topography on Haze

This paper analyzed space-time distribution features of haze at different topographical representative stations using haze days observation data of 50 years in different meteorological observatories of Guilin to study the topography influence on haze. Different topographical representative stations were classified into four types of mountain,hill,river and city. Mountain stations were classified into two types,surrounded by mountains and faced with mountains on two sides. Under parallel comparison method,change features of wind direction,wind speed,temperature and haze days at different meteorological observatories were analyzed to investigate the topography influence on haze with pollution increase factors excluded. The study found that the city station had the biggest haze occurrence rate,followed by the mountain station surrounded by the mountains,and the river station had the smallest haze occurrence rate. Urban heat island wind can easily cause urban pollutants concentration around the city center,and the terrain blocking to the wind is not conducive to the spread of pollutants,but the water vapor over the river can reduce the haze.

Analysis on the Variation of Rainfall Data from Guilin Weather Station during 1957-2007

[Objective] The research aimed to study the variation of rainfall data from Guilin Weather Station during 1957-2007.[Method] Based on the daily rainfall data in Guilin during 1957-2007,the trend,period and mutation of precipitation in Guilin in 51 years were analyzed by using the trend analysis,wavelet analysis and Mann-Kendall non-parameter statistics test method.[Result] The rainfall in Guilin in 51 years presented the rising trend.The rainfall variation was same in the first,second and third quarters of most years,except in the individual year.The rainfall in the fourth quarter had the decrease trend,and the variation was obvious in each year.It illustrated that the rainfall variation in winter was very unstable and had the decrease trend in recent years.But as a whole,the variation of total rainfall in Guilin wasn’t obvious and had the rise trend.It illustrated that the climate variation in Guilin in 51 years wasn’t obvious.The wavelet analysis showed that the rainfall variation in Guilin had 15-year big period and the small period of 2-3 years.Mann-Kendall non-parameter statistics test showed that the mutation situation of total rainfall in Guilin in 51 years wasn’t obvious.But the mutation situations in the second and third quarters were more.The variation in recent 10 years was the most obvious.Maybe it was affected by the global climate variation.[Conclusion] The research provided the theory basis for analyzing the climate variation in Guilin.

Relevant Analysis of Grassland Temperature and Ground Net Radiation in Guilin

[Objective] The aim was to study the relevance of grassland temperature and ground net radiation in Guilin.[Method] By dint of ground observation data and net radiation of national benchmark climate station in Guilin from 2007 to 2009,the changes of grassland temperature and ground net radiation were expounded and their relations were pointed out.[Result] The annual changes trends of grassland temperature and ground net radiation in Guilin were basically the same.Monthly average maximum value all appeared in summer(July to August).Monthly average lowest value appeared in winter(December to next January);monthly average grassland temperature and monthly average ground net radiation had positive relation.Grassland temperature and ground net radiation had basically same distribution in four seasons.The average largest value of ground net radiation in summer was the largest and average smallest value was the smallest;the average largest value of ground net radiation in cloudy days was the smallest and average minimum value was the largest;the daily difference was the largest in sunny day and daily difference was the smallest in cloudy day.The daily changes trend of grassland temperature and ground net radiation in different weather state were basically the same;when it was sunny or cloudy,the daily largest value of grassland temperature and ground net radiation occurred between 15:00 and 19:00;when it was overcast,there was no distinct peak and daily changes.The largest value of the daily extreme value of grassland temperature and ground net radiation took place from 12:00 to 15:00.The daily lowest value took place from 20:00 to 07:00 on the next day.[Conclusion] The study provided reference for the analysis of temperature changes in Guilin.

Analysis on Hot Weather in Guilin in 2013

Based on observation data of temperature from automatic meteorological stations in all towns and the national weather station in Guilin City,annual and monthly variations of average temperature,distribution of high-temperature days in Guilin in 2013,and weather situations causing high temperature in Guilin were analyzed.The results showed that in 2013,annual average temperature in Guilin was 1.4℃higher than the multiyear average.The hottest weather occurred in Wenqiao Township,Quanzhou County in the northeast,followed by the urban district and suburbs of Guilin,Lianhua Town of Gongcheng County in the south,Tongan,Zhangjia and Dafa towns of Pingle County,Dongchang and Datang towns of Lipu County.Terrain had distinct effects on regional high temperature,that is,there was no hot weather with daily maximum temperature of≥35.0℃in mountainous areas with an altitude of≥1 200 m;temperature was abnormally high in low-lying areas surrounded by mountains.In addition,the Western Pacific subtropical high pressure was the main weather system leading to hot weather in Guilin.

Study on the Features and Risk Assessment of Drought in Guilin

Based on the precipitation data of all counties in Guilin from 1957 to 2010, the analysis has been made on the features of spatial and temporal distribution, the probability of occurrence and the periodic change of drought in Guilin. Afterwards, by using the method of disaster risk assessment, the disaster-causing factors, breed disasters environment and fragility of hazard-bearing body of Guilin drought have been analyzed, and the comprehensive evaluation on drought disaster has been made. The results show that above medium drought in Guilin mainly appeared in au- tumn, followed by winter, while Guilin only suffered from slight drought in spring; the principal period of drought occurrence in Guilin was six years, while its secondary period was two years; on the whole, drought risk was high in the southeast and low in the northwest.

Analysis on the Flood Rainstorm in the Lijiang River of Guilin

[Objective] The research aimed to study the flood rainstorm in the Lijiang River of Guilin. [Method] By using the observation data of flood rainstorm and water level in the Lijiang River, the flood rainstorm standard in the Lijiang River was delimited. Via the analysis on the spatial and temporal distribution, weather situation of flood rainstorm in South China, the flood rainstorm in the Lijiang River was systematically studied. [Result] The flood in the Lijiang River closely related to the duration and intensity of torrential rain in the upstream. When the daily rainfall in the upstream ≥100 mm, or the daily rainfall in above continuous 2 d ≥ 50 mm, the flood was easy to happen in the Lijiang River. During April-July in every year, the flood was possible to happen in the flood season in the Lijiang River but mainly happened during May-June. The period of flood water level variation in the Lijiang River was ten-year. When the highest water level was lower than the warning stage (145.00 m) in the year, most of highest water level in the next year surpassed the warning stage and reached above 146.00 m. The weather type which caused the flood rainstorm could be divided into the frontal zone type (frontal zone southward movement type, stationary front northward movement type) and the low pressure vortex type. The upstream in the Lijiang River was the rainstorm center in Guilin area and the key zone of flood rainstorm in the Lijiang River. The special terrain provided the favorable condition for the multi-occurrence of rainstorm. [Conclusion] The research provided the basis for the forecast of flood rainstorm in the Lijiang River.

Study on Landscape Design of Rural Tourism Based on Guilin Scenery Culture

For the local rural tourism landscape, Guilin scenery is a rare natural and cultural scenic resort. Interpretation of Guilin scenery culture could show beautiful and moving natural and cultural artistic charm. In this paper, landscape design measures of Guilin scenery are analyzed from the angle of rural tourism landscape design. Via advocated planning opinion, scientific construction case on rural tourism landscape design of Guilin scenery is proposed, and it is emphasized playing recommendation and presentation role of digital media art on tourism landscape of Guilin scenery.

River Water Quality Model Based on Remote Sensing Information Methods——A Case Study of Lijing River in Guilin City

River water quality models based on remote sensing information models are superior to pure water quality models because they combine the inevitability and risk of geographical phenomena and can take complex geographical characteristics into account. A water quality model for forecasting COD has been established with remote sensing in- formation modeling methods by monitoring and analyzing water quantity and water quality of the Lijing River reach which flows through a complicated Karst mountain area. This model provides a good tool to predict water quality of complex rivers. It is validated by simulating contaminant concentrations of the study area. The results show that remote sensing information models are suitable for complex geography. It is not only a combined model of inevitability and risk of the geographical phenomena, but also a semi-theoretical and semi-empirical formula, providing a good tool to study organic contaminants in complicated rivers. The coefficients and indices obtained have limited value and the model is not suitable for all situations. Some improvements are required.

Effects of Different Farming Methods and Their Effects on Soil Physicochemical Properties of Guilin Maojian Tea Gardens

In order to further optimize the cultivation and agronomic technology of Guilin Maojian tea gardens, the effects, efficiencies and costs of different farming methods and their effects on the physiochemical properties of tea garden soil were studied through the modification of the test sites with the non-farming land as the control. The results showed that human farming, mini-tiller farming and crawler tractor farming could improve the physical and chemical properties of soil. After farming, the soil had good water retention but low moisture content compared to the control group, while the soil bulk density and hardness value were significantly lower than those of the control, and the porosity of soil was significantly higher than that of contrast. With the passage of time, soil bulk density and hardness value gradually increased after farming, while the porosity of soil decreased gradually. There were great differences in the effects, efficiencies and costs of different farming methods. Crawler tractor had the best and most stable farming effect, and the operation efficiency was 10 times that of human farming while the cost was only 0.39 times of human farming. Therefore, it was feasible to adopt mini-tiller or crawler tractor to carry out mechanical farming of Guilin Maojian tea garden, which provided theoretical references for the soil property improvement using mechanical farming and was favorable for promoting the popularization of farming machines and the acceleration of mechanization of tea gardens. But for tea plantations that are intended to be mechanized, apart from the mechanical and technical personnel to be configured in place, the site conditions, planting modes and mechanical way reservation of tea garden should be planned accordingly. It is recommended to select flat or gentle slope for reclamation, and preference is given to non-sexual tea tree varieties with big line spacing over 180 cm long. Moreover, the main road construction should be more than 3.0 m, and trunk road 2.0 m or above. And isolation ditch and drain should be set between the tea garden and the surrounding mountain forests and farmland.

Guilin Rubber Machinery Factory Increases Export Earnings

Situated in the southern suburbs of Guilin City and founded in 1966, the Guilin Rubber Machinery Factory is a special factory under the Ministry of the Chemical Industry producing rubber machinery. The factory has a staff of 1,900. fixed assets of RMB 110 million,advanced equipment, a strong technical force and complete product categories.Its main products—double-mold tyre setting vulcanizers—account for

Go to Guilin for an Enjoyable Summer Holiday

People say'Guilin’s scenery is peerless in the world'.Embraced by lofty hills with the winding Li River flowing through,Guilin boasts magnificent natural beauty and many precious cultural relics,the Elephant Trunk Hill,Seven-Star Park,Longji Terrace...In such a hot summer,let’s go there and enjoy a great jouney.Top attraction—Li River Gorgeous Karst peaks give you surprises at each bend of the

On the Environment to the People of the Guilin Area

(Camel Hill Lawn,Seven Star Park,Guilin,People’s Re-public of China,July 2,1998)Thank you very much.Thank you very much,Mr.May-or.Thank you for welcoming us to your community and

Wedding Fever in Guilin

Exactly what was going on in Guilin last Jamuary!?There were more marriages taking place here than nine months after the world's earliest sailors in Egypt had their first shore leave.Did any of these unsuspecting couples knor exactly what a Chinese wedding inolves?