Real-time Performance Evaluation of Line Topology Switched Ethernet

Recently,switched Ethernet has become an active area of research because of its wide uses in industry.However,its uses have various real-time constraints on data communications.This paper analyzes the performance of the line topology switched Ethernet as a data acquisition network.Network calculus theory,which has been successfully applied to assess the real-time performance of packet-switched networks,is used to analyze the networks.To properly describe the activity of switches,a novel approach of modeling data flows into or out of switches is addressed.Based on our model,a concisely analytical expression of the maximal end-to-end delay in line topology switched Ethernet is derived.Finally,the relative simulation results are demonstrated.These results agree well with the analytical results,and thus they validate the data flow modeling techniques.

New 4-imino-4H-Chromeno[2,3-d]Pyrimidin-3(5H)-Amine: Synthesis, Cytotoxic Effects on Tumoral Cell Lines and in Silico ADMET Properties

The synthesis of new 4-imino-4H-chromeno[2,3-d]pyrimidin-3(5H)-amine in four steps including one step under microwave dielectric heating is reported. The structural identity of the synthesized compounds was established according to their spectroscopic analysis, such as FT-IR, NMR and mass spectroscopy. These new compounds were tested for their antiproliferative activities on seven representative human tumoral cell lines (Huh7 D12, Caco2, MDA-MB231, MDA-MB468, HCT116, PC3 and MCF7) and also on fibroblasts. Among them, only the compounds 6c showed micromolar cytotoxic activity on tumor cell lines (1.8 50 50 > 25 μM). Finally, in silico ADMET studies ware performed to investigate the possibility of using of the identified compound 6c as potential anti-tumor compound.

Determining of the Real Condition of High-Voltage Overhead Power Lines

Significant investments have been made regarding the construction of a great number of high-voltage overhead power lines of all voltage levels, and now the questions arise on where and how to direct the investments necessary for the maintenance of overhead power lines. To organise the process of maintenance of overhead power lines correctly, it is necessary to have the current information on the condition of particular components of a line. In this paper, special attention has been paid to the real condition of overhead power lines, with the aim of making the decision whether some of the following measures are necessary, and to what extent： the revitalisation for a certain number of years is perceived, the revitalisation up to five years and reconstruction of the overhead power line is performed, its restoration is performed or nothing is done. The approach to the perceiving of real condition of high-voltage overhead power lines is presented on a global block diagram. With the aim of setting out the list of priorities for revitalisation, the criteria have been defined with regards to the real condition of particular components of an overhead power line, as well as pursuant to the role and importance in an electric power system. The correctly defined criteria contribute to the solving of the problem of making a single list of priorities for the revitalisation of high-voltage overhead power lines. In that way, the recommendations are being given to the transmission companies, to achieve a higher reliability of an electric power system, with a minimum number of cancellations and a maximum extension of working life of all the components of overhead power lines. A correct maintenance of overhead power lines brings large financial savings to the owners of transmission companies, and that is the primary goal in a deregulated environment.

An On-Line Scheduler over Hard Real-Time Communication System

By thorough research on the prominent periodic and aperiodic scheduling algorithms,anon-line hard real-time scheduler is presented,which is applicable to the scheduling of packets over a link.This scheduler,based on both Rate Monotonic,pinwheel scheduling algorithm Sr and Polling Serverscheduling algorithms,can rapidly judge the schedulability and then automatically generate a bus tablefor the scheduling algorithm to schedule the packets as the periodic packets.The implementation of thescheduler is simple and easy to use,and it is effective for the utilization of bus link.The orderly executionof the bus table can not only guarantee the performance of the hard real time but also avoid the blockageand interruption of the message transmission.So the scheduler perfectly meets the demand of hard real-time communication system on the field bus domain.

相对定量Real-time PCR分析不同品种鸡胚H-FABP基因表达的差异

选用孵化5d的9只莱芜黑鸡,9只汶上芦花鸡和8只济宁百日鸡胚以及孵化11d的12只莱芜黑鸡,11只汶上芦花鸡和9只济宁百日鸡胚作为研究对象,采用相对定量Real-timePCR的方法,研究心型脂肪酸结合蛋白(H-FABP)基因在不同品种鸡胚中表达的差异。结果显示检测的3个品种孵化11d的鸡胚中H-FABP基因的表达高于孵化5d的鸡胚。其中莱芜黑鸡的H-FABP基因的表达量变化最小,孵化11d的表达量约为孵化5d的2.64倍;变化最大的是济宁百日鸡,孵化11d的表达量约为孵化5d的4.17倍;汶上芦花鸡H-FABP基因在孵化11d的表达量约为孵化5d表达量的2.96倍。

混合级联H桥逆变器的新型SHEPWM功率均衡控制策略

对于直流侧电压比为1∶1∶2的混合级联H桥逆变器,传统的指定谐波消除脉宽调制法(SHEPWM)存在各单元间输出功率不均衡问题,因此,提出一种双层功率均衡调制策略。首先,通过对消谐方程组中的基波幅值方程表达式进行等效拆分,使2个低压H桥单元的输出电压基波幅值之和与高压H桥单元的输出电压基波幅值相等,实现了高低压H桥单元间的功率均衡,即外层功率均衡。其次,利用逻辑运算的方法对低压单元的初始驱动信号进行逻辑重组,实现2个低压单元间的功率均衡,即内层功率均衡;然后使用改进的实数型遗传算法(IRCGA-2)求出消谐方程组的解,消除指定的谐波,得到高质量的输出电压。最后,通过仿真和实验证明了调制策略的正确性与有效性。

Real-time State Monitoring During Switching Mode Transitions in High Power Three-level Inverters

大功率多电平逆变器近年来在实际工业生产中得到越来越广泛的应用。多电平逆变器由于结构复杂,采用元器件较多,因此在设计和实验中,实现各个工作状态下运行参数的同步监测和分析较为困难。本文针对大功率三电平逆变器,实现开关动态特性的在线测试,在此基础上,进一步研究三电平逆变器在开关状态变化时理论与实际负载运行工况下电路拓扑的转换变化规律。通过全电路电气参数和元器件状态的实时监测,发现在三电平逆变器非正常运行状态下开关转换时额外电应力,同时,深入研究在实际工况运行条件非正常状态下该额外电应力出现的机理和原因,为三电平逆变器的故障诊断提供了参考,对于设计高可靠性的多电平逆变器系统有一定的理论和现实意义。

Balmer H_α,H_β and H_γ Spectral Lines Intensities in High-Power RF Hydrogen Plasmas

Hα（Balmer-alpha）, Hβ （Balmer-beta） and Hγ （Balmer-gamma） spectral line inten- sities in atomic hydrogen plasma are investigated by using a high-power RF source. The intensities of the Hα, Hβ and Hγ spectral lines are detected by increasing the input power （0-6 kW） of ICPs （inductively coupled plasmas）. With the increase of net input power, the intensity of Hα im- proves rapidly （0-2 kW）, and then reaches its dynamic equilibrium; the intensities of Hβ can be divided into three processes： obvious increase （0-2 kW）, rapid increase （2-4 kW）, almost constant （4-6 kW）; while the intensities of Hγ increase very slowly. The energy levels of the excited hydro- gen atoms and the splitting energy levels produced by an obvious Stark effect play an important role in the results.

High-speed VUV spectroscopy for edge impurity line emission measurements in HL-2A tokamak

A 20 cm focal length normal incidence vacuum ultraviolet （VUV_20 cm） monochromator with a fast time response has been developed for measuring edge impurity line emission in the wavelength range of 300-2000 A on an HL-2A tokamak. An aberration corrected concave holographic grating with 1200 grooves/mm is adopted in the monochromator, which provides a wavelength dispersion of 40 A mm-1. The aperture is f/4.5. A channel electron multiplier is used as a detector. The time resolution of the system is 17 μs. Wavelength calibration of the system has been done by using a hollow cathode light source in the laboratory with helium and argon gases. The obtained signals of helium and argon spectra are very strong since the inner surface of the monochromator vacuum chamber is blackened and the stray light level is then significantly reduced. The optical property of the system has been examined by scanning the width of the entrance and exit slits. The system is then installed at the mid-port of the HL-2A tokamak and typical line emissions from the HL-2A plasma are measured. Time behaviors of edge impurity line emissions are observed with the fast time response system in different plasma confinement regimes, especially in the H-mode discharges. The result shows that the VUV_20 cm system works very well to measure the edge impurity line emissions in the edge localized modes phase of H-mode discharges.

Line profile studies of hydrodynamical models of cometary compact H II regions

We simulate the evolution of cometary H II regions based on several champagne flow models and bow shock models, and calculate the profiles of the [Ne II] fine-structure line at 12.81 μm, the H30α recombination line and the [Ne III] finestructure line at 15.55 μm for these models at different inclinations of 0°, 30° and 60°. We find that the profiles in the bow shock models are generally different from those in the champagne flow models, but the profiles in the bow shock models with lower stellar velocity （≤ 5 km s^-1） are similar to those in the champagne flow models. In champagne flow models, both the velocity of peak flux and the flux weighted central velocities of all three lines point outward from molecular clouds. In bow shock models, the directions of these velocities depend on the speed of stars. The central velocities of these lines are consistent with the stellar motion in the high stellar speed cases, but they are opposite directions from the stellar motion in the low speed cases. We notice that the line profiles from the slit along the symmetrical axis of the projected 2D image of these models are useful for distinguishing bow shock models from champagne flow models. It is also confirmed by the calculation that the flux weighted central velocity and the line luminosity of the [Ne III] line can be estimated from the [Ne II] line and the H30α line.

Computational Aspects of Electromagnetic Fields near H.V. Transmission Lines

Biological effects of electromagnetic fields on the human body, animals and plants have been a subject of scientific interest and public concern for their risk on the living organisms such as blood leukemia and others. The high voltage transmission and distribution lines, which pass beside some houses, factories and schools are source of electromagnetic fields. This paper presents the field calculations around and near of high voltage transmission lines 220 kV and 500kV. To calculate the induced current, the power density, the electric field and the magnetic field of grounded and ungrounded human body cylindrical model are used. MATLAB program package is used for mathematical calculation of the distribution of the EMF in human body under high voltage power transmission lines.

H_∞ deconvolution filter design for time-delay linear continuous-time systems

Proposes an H_∞ deconvolution design for time-delay linear continuous-time systems. We first analyze the general structure and innovation structure of the H_∞ deconvolution filter. The deconvolution filter with innovation structure is made up of an output observer and a linear mapping, where the latter reflects the internal connection between the unknown input signal and the output estimate error. Based on the bounded real lemma, a time domain design approach and a sufficient condition for the existence of deconvolution filter are presented. The parameterization of the deconvolution filter can be completed by solving a Riccati equation. The proposed method is useful for the case that does not require statistical information about disturbances. At last, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the performance of the proposed filter.

Balmer-alpha and Balmer-beta Stark line intensity profiles for high-power hydrogen inductively coupled plasmas

We compare Balmer-alpha （Ha） and Balmer-beta （Hβ） emissions from high-power （1.0-6.0 kW） hydrogen inductively coupled plasmas （ICPs）, and propose region Ⅰ （0.0-2.0 kW）, region Ⅱ （2.0-5.0 kW）, and region Ⅲ （5.0-6.0 kW）. In region Ⅰ, both Ha emission intensity （la） and Hβ emission intensity （1β） increase with radio frequency （RF） power, which is explained by the corona model and Boltzmann＇s law, etc. However, in region II, la almost remains constant while 1β rapidly achieves its maximum value. In region Ⅲ, 1α slightly increases with RF power, while 1β decreases with RF power, which deviates significantly from the theoretical explanation for the Ha and Hβ emissions in region I. It is suggested that two strong electric fields are generated in high-power （2.0-6.0 kW） hydrogen ICPs： one is due to the external electric field of high-power RF discharge, and the other one is due to the micro electric field of the ions and electrons around the exited state hydrogen atoms in ICPs. Therefore, the strong Stark effect can play an important role in explaining the experimental results.

T-Shaped Transmission Line Fault Location Based on Phase-Angle Jump Checking

In order to effectively solve the dead-zone and low-precision of T-shaped transmission line fault location,a new T-shaped transmission line fault location algorithm based on phase-angle jump checking is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the 3-terminal synchronous fundamental positive sequence voltage and current phasors are extracted and substituted into the fault branch distance function to realize the selection of fault branch when the fault occurs;Secondly,use the condition of the fundamental positive sequence voltage phasor at the fault point is equal to calculate all roots(including real root and virtual roots);Finally,the phase-angle jump check function is used for checking calculation,and then the only real root can be determined as the actual fault distance,thereby achieving the purpose of high-precision fault location.MATLAB simulation results show that the proposed new algorithm is feasible and effective with high fault location accuracy and good versatility.

Radio recombination line observations at 1.0-1.5 GHz with FAST

H Ⅱ regions made of gas ionized by radiations from young massive stars,are widely distributed in the Milky Way.They are tracers for star formation,and their distributions are correlated with the Galactic spiral structure.Radio recombination lines(RRLs) of hydrogen and other atoms allow for the most precise determination of physical parameters such as temperature and density.However,RRLs at around 1.4 GHz from HⅡ regions are weak and their detections are difficult.As a result,only a limited number of detections have been obtained yet.The 19-beam receiver on board of the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST) can simultaneously cover 23 RRLs for Hnα,Henα,and Cnα(n=164-186),respectively.This,combined with its unparalleled collecting area,makes FAST the most powerful telescope to detect weak RRLs.In this pilot survey,we use FAST to observe nine HⅡ regions at L band.We allocate20 minutes pointing time for each source to achieve a sensitivity of around 9 mK in a velocity resolution of2.0 km s^(-1).In total,21 RRLs for Hnα and Cnα at 1.0-1.5 GHz have been simultaneously detected with strong emission signals.Overall,the detection rates for the H167α and C167α RRLs are 100%,while that for the He167α RRL is 33.3%.Using hydrogen and helium RRLs,we measure the electron density,electron temperature,and pressure for three HⅡ regions.This pilot survey demonstrates the capability of FAST in RRL measurements,and a statistically meaningful sample with RRL detection,through which knowledge about Galactic spiral structure and evolution can be obtained,is expected in the future.

ESTABLISHMENT OF A MURINE ASCITES HEPATOMA CELL LINE H_(22)-F_(25)/L AND ITS BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Having been passed for 160 generations, a cell linedesignated as H22-F25/L was established from a murine tumorlymphatic metastatlc model H22-F25 which had been set up in our college. The cell line was in suspension culture with a rapid proliferation and stable growth. The peak tune of cell division and proliferation was 48 and 96 hours after culture. In a week, the cell number was Increased by 25 tunes. H22-F25/L still keeps the features of a poorly differentiated cancer. Its tumor inducing rate (in vivo)was 100% in 615 mice. Lymph node metastasis rate was 50% and pulmonary metastasis rate 10%. H22- F25/ L Is a population of heterogenetlc tumor cells Including 2 stem cell lines (the model number of chromosomes being 43 in 40% tumor cells and 86 in 32%) and some side lines. The common marker chromosomes M1, M2, M3 and M4 were present in all stem and side lines.

Role of the STAT3/survivin signaling pathway in the EML4-ALK-positive lung adenocarcinoma cell line H2228 before and after crizotinib-induced resistance

Objective This study investigated the role of the STAT3/survivin signaling pathway in the EML4-ALK- positive lung adenocarcinoma cell line H2228 before and after crizotinib-induced resistance. The mecha- nism of resistance was studied. Methods Cell viability was determined using the MTT assay. Crizotinib-induced apoptosis in H2228 and H2228 crizotinib-resistant cells treated with the indicated doses of crizotinib was measured at different times （24 h, 48 h, 72 h） using flow cytometry. The levels of p-ALK, ALK, p-STAT3, STAT3, and survivin after treatment of cells with 0, 0.3, and 1 pM crizotinib for 72 h were determined using Western blot analysis. DNA sequencing was used to identify mutations in H2228 crizotinib-resistant cells. Results The crizotinib IC50 values in H2228 and H2228 crizotinib-resistant cells at 72 h were 334.5 nM and 3418 nM, respectively. The resistance index of 1-12228 crizotinib-resistant cells was 10.20. Crizotinib induced apoptosis in H2228 cells and reduced the levels of p-ALK, p-STAT3, and survivin. In contrast, no changes in the levels of p-ALK, p-STAT3, and survivin were observed in H2228 crizotinib-resistant cells. The mutations 2067G--,A and 2182G--,C in EML4-ALK were present in the H2228 crizotinib-resistant cells. Conclusion Crizotinib decreased the viability of H2228 cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In the STAT3/survivin pathway, downregulation of p-ALK, p-STAT3, and survivin might contribute to crizo- tinib-induced apoptosis in H2228 ceils. However, the STAT3/survivin pathway in H2228 crizotinib-resistant cells was unaffected by crizotinib treatment. Acquired resistance in H2228 cells might be related to ALK mutations.

Transcriptome Analysis of Ten Days Post Anthesis Elongating Fiber in the Upland Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i>) Chromosome Substitution Line CS-B25

A chromosome substitution line, CS-B25, was developed by the substitution of chromosome pair 25 of Gossypium hirsutum TM-1 with the homologous pair of chromosome 25 from G. barbadense, a double haploid Pima 3-79 line. CS-B25 has improved fiber traits compared to its parent TM-1. To explore the molecule mechanisms underlying improved fiber traits, deep sequencing of total RNA was used to compare gene expression in fibers of CS-B25 and TM-1 at 10 days post anthesis (10-DPA). A total of 1872 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected between the two lines, with 1175 up-regulated and 697 down-regulated in CS-B25. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis of the expression data by Generally Applicable Gene-set Enrichment (GAGE) and ReviGO indicated that the most prevalent Biological Process GO terms associated with DEGs included DNA-templated transcription, response to oxidative stress, and cellulose biosynthesis. Enriched Molecular Function GO terms included structural constituents of cytoskeleton, peroxidase activity, cellulose synthase (UDP-forming) activity, and transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding factors. GAGE was also used to find enriched KEGG pathways, and the highly represented pathways were Biosynthesis of Amino Acids, Starch and Sucrose Metabolism, Phenylpropanoid Biosynthesis, Protein Processing in Endoplasmic Reticulum, and Plant Hormone Signal Transduction. Many of the identified DEGs are involved in cytoskeleton and cell wall metabolism. The results of gene expression data have provided new insight into the molecular mechanisms of fiber development during the fiber elongation stage and would offer novel candidate genes that may be utilized in cotton fiber quality improvement.

Development of a Method to Produce Chromosome Lacking Lines (CLLs) in <i>Nicotiana tabacum</i>L. “Red Russian”

Monosomic lines of Nicotiana tabacum are helpful to confirm the location of genes on specific chromosomes. In the cross N. nudicaulis and N. tabacum, hybrid seedlings express lethal symptoms, which are controlled by the S subgenome of N. tabacum. To identify the responsible chromosome, we needed to produce chromosome lacking lines (CLLs) of N. tabacum L. “Red Russian” and use them to cross with N. nudicaulis. From a cross of (N. tabacum × N. tomentosiformis) × N. tabacum, 380 BC1 individuals were obtained. Using a Haplo-Q line (a monosomic line lacking the single linkage group 11) and N. tabacum, we found that qPCR is a simple and reliable screening method for CLLs of N. tabacum. The marker PT30342 is located on linkage group 11, and the -Ct value (Ct Actin - Ct PT30342) was 2.0 for a disomic line and was 1.097 for a Haplo-Q line. By the use of flow cytometry, qPCR and chromosome counting together as a screening method, we identified 6 CLLs lacking 2 to 6 chromosomes. Compared with conventional methods, our method is a rapid technique for making and screening CLLs ofthe S or S/T subgenome of N. tabacum. Further, these CLLs will be useful to identify the location of two or more factors on chromosomes controlling a variety of genetic problems affecting breeding. Here, we only made CLLs of the S or S/T subgenome of N. tabacum. We will use the method established in this study to produce CLLs of the T subgenome of N. tabacum, and gather a full set of CLLs of N. tabacum. qPCR could also be applied to the identification of chromosome aberrations in other plants.

R^(1+1)中Maxwell-Chern-Simons-Higgs模型解的L^(∞)估计

用能量守恒估计和特征线估计的方法解决(1+1)维Maxwell-Chern-Simons-Higgs模型解的Sobolev范数增长性估计问题,给出模型有限能量解的一阶导数的L^(∞)估计,并通过改进指数增长得到解的H^(2)范数的多项式增长.