We previously showed that hydrogen sulfide(H2S)has a neuroprotective effect in the context of hypoxic ischemic brain injury in neonatal mice.However,the precise mechanism underlying the role of H2S in this situation r...We previously showed that hydrogen sulfide(H2S)has a neuroprotective effect in the context of hypoxic ischemic brain injury in neonatal mice.However,the precise mechanism underlying the role of H2S in this situation remains unclear.In this study,we used a neonatal mouse model of hypoxic ischemic brain injury and a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 cell model and found that treatment with L-cysteine,a H2S precursor,attenuated the cerebral infarction and cerebral atrophy induced by hypoxia and ischemia and increased the expression of miR-9-5p and cystathionineβsynthase(a major H2S synthetase in the brain)in the prefrontal cortex.We also found that an miR-9-5p inhibitor blocked the expression of cystathionineβsynthase in the prefrontal cortex in mice with brain injury caused by hypoxia and ischemia.Furthermore,miR-9-5p overexpression increased cystathionine-β-synthase and H2S expression in the injured prefrontal cortex of mice with hypoxic ischemic brain injury.L-cysteine decreased the expression of CXCL11,an miR-9-5p target gene,in the prefrontal cortex of the mouse model and in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 cells and increased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines BNIP3,FSTL1,SOCS2 and SOCS5,while treatment with an miR-9-5p inhibitor reversed these changes.These findings suggest that H2S can reduce neuroinflammation in a neonatal mouse model of hypoxic ischemic brain injury through regulating the miR-9-5p/CXCL11 axis and restoringβ-synthase expression,thereby playing a role in reducing neuroinflammation in hypoxic ischemic brain injury.展开更多
BACKGROUND： Neuronal loss, synapse mutilation, and increasing malnourished axons are pathologically related to Alzheimer＇s disease. Microtubule-associated protein 2 （MAP2） is of importance for neuronal, axonal, an...BACKGROUND： Neuronal loss, synapse mutilation, and increasing malnourished axons are pathologically related to Alzheimer＇s disease. Microtubule-associated protein 2 （MAP2） is of importance for neuronal, axonal, and dendritic generation, extension, and stabilization, as well as for the regulation of synaptic plasticity. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the antagonistic effects of natural-cerebrolysin-containing serum on beta amyloid protein 1-40 （Aβ1-40）-induced neurotoxicity from the standpoints of cell proliferation, synaptogenesis, and cytoskeleton formation （MAP2 expression）. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A paralleled, controlled, neural cell, and molecular biology experiment was performed at the Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University between February 2006 and April 2008. MATERIALS： PC12 cells, derived from the rat central nervous system, were purchased from Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. A β1-40 was provided by Sigma, USA. Natural-cerebrolysin was provided by Shenzhen Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China. The natural-cerebrolysin was predominantly composed of Renshen （Radix Ginseng）, Tianma （Rhizoma Gastrodiae）, and Yixingye （Ginkgo Leaf） in a proportion of 1：2：2. Following conventional water extraction technology, an extract （1：20） was prepared. Each gram of extract equaled 20 grams of crude drug. In a total of 12 adult male New Zealand rabbits, six underwent intragastric administration of natural-cerebrolysin extract for 1 month to prepare natural-cerebrolysin-containing serum, and the remaining six rabbits received intragastric administration of physiological saline to prepare normal blank serum. METHODS： An AIzheimer＇s disease in vitro model was induced in PC12 cells using Aβ1-40. The cells were incubated with varying doses of natural-cerebrolysin-containing serum （2.5%, 5%, and 10%）. Normal blank serum-treated PC12 cells served as a blank control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Through the use of inverted phase contrast microscope, cell morphology and neurite growth were observed, neurite length was measured, and the percentage of neurite-positive cells was calculated. Cell proliferation rate was determined by MTT assay, and MAP 2 expression was detected by fluorescent immunocytochemistry. RESULTS： Following Aβ1-40 treatments, some PC12 cells were apoptotic/dying, and only a few short neurites were observed. Following interventions with natural-cerebrolysin-containing serum, the PC12 cells proliferated, there was an increased number of neurites, and neurite length was enhanced. After middle- and high-dose natural-cerebrolysin treatments, the percentage of neurite-positive cells, as well as the average length of neurites, was significantly greater than the normal blank serum-treated PC12 cells （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. Compared with the blank control group, MAP2 expression in the Aβ1-40-treated PC12 cells was significantly inhibited, and the cell proliferation rate was significantly decreased （P 〈 0.01）. Following incubations with natural-cerebrolysin-containing serum, MAP2 expression and cell proliferation rate in the PC12 cells were significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner, compared with treatments with blank control serum （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. CONCLUSION： Natural-cerebrolysin exhibited antagonistic effects on neurotoxicity in Aβ1-40 induced Alzheimer＇s disease in vitro models. These effects were likely related to cell proliferation and the upregulation of intracellular MAP2 expression.展开更多
The primary aliphatic amine Primene JM-T was investigated as a potential absorbent for H2S removal. The solubility of HzS in JM-T was measured at 298, 313,333,353, and 368 K with H2S partial pressures from 20 to 760 k...The primary aliphatic amine Primene JM-T was investigated as a potential absorbent for H2S removal. The solubility of HzS in JM-T was measured at 298, 313,333,353, and 368 K with H2S partial pressures from 20 to 760 kPa and HzS loading from 0.02 to 0.8 mol H2S per mol JM-T. Relevant physical properties, such as density, viscoslty and dielectric constant, ot the matenal were measured. ＇The thermodynamlc model with two-suttlX Margules equation was used to correlate the experimental vapor-liquid equilibrium data. Furthermore, the absorption mechanism in non-aqueous system is suggested and the difference between non-aqueous and aqueous absorption system is pointed out.展开更多
An improved procedure for the preparation of China, BAD(P)H model. (S_s)- 1 -benzyl-3- (p-tolylsulfinyl)-1.4-dihydropyridine with satisfactary chemical yield and excellent enantiopurity is reported.
The Sèmè oilfield is located in Benin’s offshore coastal sedimentary basin, near the Benin-Nigeria border, and contains two important oil bearing structures called “Sèmè North” and “Sèm...The Sèmè oilfield is located in Benin’s offshore coastal sedimentary basin, near the Benin-Nigeria border, and contains two important oil bearing structures called “Sèmè North” and “Sèmè South”. In this coastal basin, Turonian sandstones of Abeokuta formation (Cenomanian-Turonian to Early Senonian age) form two reservoir units differentiated by two seismic horizons H6 and H6.5. The H6 seismic horizon represents the upper reservoir unit and is the main reservoir from which, more than 22 million barrels of crude oil had previously been produced in Sèmè oilfield. In order to improve knowledge of field petroleum geology, the present study presents the structural features of this upper reservoir unit. The use of Petrel software modules for the integration of 15 wells data, allowed presenting a structural model and illustrative cross sections that precise the geometry and specifying the structural characteristics of this reservoir unit within Sèmè field. The displayed structural architecture shows that the upper Turonian sandstones unit is composed of 11 layers including 7 reservoir layers (A, B, C1, C2, D1, D2, E) and 4 intra-reservoir layers (1, 2, 3 and 4) controlled by faults systems. The model provides basic framework necessary for geological characterization of the reservoir through a static model. The results of this study can be used for petrophysical modeling, Gross Rock Volume (GRV) determination and technical redevelopment of the field.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82271327(to ZW),82072535(to ZW),81873768(to ZW),and 82001253(to TL).
文摘We previously showed that hydrogen sulfide(H2S)has a neuroprotective effect in the context of hypoxic ischemic brain injury in neonatal mice.However,the precise mechanism underlying the role of H2S in this situation remains unclear.In this study,we used a neonatal mouse model of hypoxic ischemic brain injury and a lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV2 cell model and found that treatment with L-cysteine,a H2S precursor,attenuated the cerebral infarction and cerebral atrophy induced by hypoxia and ischemia and increased the expression of miR-9-5p and cystathionineβsynthase(a major H2S synthetase in the brain)in the prefrontal cortex.We also found that an miR-9-5p inhibitor blocked the expression of cystathionineβsynthase in the prefrontal cortex in mice with brain injury caused by hypoxia and ischemia.Furthermore,miR-9-5p overexpression increased cystathionine-β-synthase and H2S expression in the injured prefrontal cortex of mice with hypoxic ischemic brain injury.L-cysteine decreased the expression of CXCL11,an miR-9-5p target gene,in the prefrontal cortex of the mouse model and in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated BV-2 cells and increased the levels of proinflammatory cytokines BNIP3,FSTL1,SOCS2 and SOCS5,while treatment with an miR-9-5p inhibitor reversed these changes.These findings suggest that H2S can reduce neuroinflammation in a neonatal mouse model of hypoxic ischemic brain injury through regulating the miR-9-5p/CXCL11 axis and restoringβ-synthase expression,thereby playing a role in reducing neuroinflammation in hypoxic ischemic brain injury.
基金Supported by:Scientific and Technological Foundation of the National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of China,No.02-03LP41the Scientific and Technological Key Project of Guangdong Province,No. 2006B35630007
文摘BACKGROUND： Neuronal loss, synapse mutilation, and increasing malnourished axons are pathologically related to Alzheimer＇s disease. Microtubule-associated protein 2 （MAP2） is of importance for neuronal, axonal, and dendritic generation, extension, and stabilization, as well as for the regulation of synaptic plasticity. OBJECTIVE： To investigate the antagonistic effects of natural-cerebrolysin-containing serum on beta amyloid protein 1-40 （Aβ1-40）-induced neurotoxicity from the standpoints of cell proliferation, synaptogenesis, and cytoskeleton formation （MAP2 expression）. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： A paralleled, controlled, neural cell, and molecular biology experiment was performed at the Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Shenzhen Hospital, Southern Medical University between February 2006 and April 2008. MATERIALS： PC12 cells, derived from the rat central nervous system, were purchased from Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China. A β1-40 was provided by Sigma, USA. Natural-cerebrolysin was provided by Shenzhen Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, China. The natural-cerebrolysin was predominantly composed of Renshen （Radix Ginseng）, Tianma （Rhizoma Gastrodiae）, and Yixingye （Ginkgo Leaf） in a proportion of 1：2：2. Following conventional water extraction technology, an extract （1：20） was prepared. Each gram of extract equaled 20 grams of crude drug. In a total of 12 adult male New Zealand rabbits, six underwent intragastric administration of natural-cerebrolysin extract for 1 month to prepare natural-cerebrolysin-containing serum, and the remaining six rabbits received intragastric administration of physiological saline to prepare normal blank serum. METHODS： An AIzheimer＇s disease in vitro model was induced in PC12 cells using Aβ1-40. The cells were incubated with varying doses of natural-cerebrolysin-containing serum （2.5%, 5%, and 10%）. Normal blank serum-treated PC12 cells served as a blank control group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Through the use of inverted phase contrast microscope, cell morphology and neurite growth were observed, neurite length was measured, and the percentage of neurite-positive cells was calculated. Cell proliferation rate was determined by MTT assay, and MAP 2 expression was detected by fluorescent immunocytochemistry. RESULTS： Following Aβ1-40 treatments, some PC12 cells were apoptotic/dying, and only a few short neurites were observed. Following interventions with natural-cerebrolysin-containing serum, the PC12 cells proliferated, there was an increased number of neurites, and neurite length was enhanced. After middle- and high-dose natural-cerebrolysin treatments, the percentage of neurite-positive cells, as well as the average length of neurites, was significantly greater than the normal blank serum-treated PC12 cells （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01）. Compared with the blank control group, MAP2 expression in the Aβ1-40-treated PC12 cells was significantly inhibited, and the cell proliferation rate was significantly decreased （P 〈 0.01）. Following incubations with natural-cerebrolysin-containing serum, MAP2 expression and cell proliferation rate in the PC12 cells were significantly increased in a dose-dependent manner, compared with treatments with blank control serum （P 〈 0.05 or P 〈 0.01 ）. CONCLUSION： Natural-cerebrolysin exhibited antagonistic effects on neurotoxicity in Aβ1-40 induced Alzheimer＇s disease in vitro models. These effects were likely related to cell proliferation and the upregulation of intracellular MAP2 expression.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51178446,21206168)
文摘The primary aliphatic amine Primene JM-T was investigated as a potential absorbent for H2S removal. The solubility of HzS in JM-T was measured at 298, 313,333,353, and 368 K with H2S partial pressures from 20 to 760 kPa and HzS loading from 0.02 to 0.8 mol H2S per mol JM-T. Relevant physical properties, such as density, viscoslty and dielectric constant, ot the matenal were measured. ＇The thermodynamlc model with two-suttlX Margules equation was used to correlate the experimental vapor-liquid equilibrium data. Furthermore, the absorption mechanism in non-aqueous system is suggested and the difference between non-aqueous and aqueous absorption system is pointed out.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China ! 29672031 Fang Min FU of Chengdu institute of or
文摘An improved procedure for the preparation of China, BAD(P)H model. (S_s)- 1 -benzyl-3- (p-tolylsulfinyl)-1.4-dihydropyridine with satisfactary chemical yield and excellent enantiopurity is reported.
文摘The Sèmè oilfield is located in Benin’s offshore coastal sedimentary basin, near the Benin-Nigeria border, and contains two important oil bearing structures called “Sèmè North” and “Sèmè South”. In this coastal basin, Turonian sandstones of Abeokuta formation (Cenomanian-Turonian to Early Senonian age) form two reservoir units differentiated by two seismic horizons H6 and H6.5. The H6 seismic horizon represents the upper reservoir unit and is the main reservoir from which, more than 22 million barrels of crude oil had previously been produced in Sèmè oilfield. In order to improve knowledge of field petroleum geology, the present study presents the structural features of this upper reservoir unit. The use of Petrel software modules for the integration of 15 wells data, allowed presenting a structural model and illustrative cross sections that precise the geometry and specifying the structural characteristics of this reservoir unit within Sèmè field. The displayed structural architecture shows that the upper Turonian sandstones unit is composed of 11 layers including 7 reservoir layers (A, B, C1, C2, D1, D2, E) and 4 intra-reservoir layers (1, 2, 3 and 4) controlled by faults systems. The model provides basic framework necessary for geological characterization of the reservoir through a static model. The results of this study can be used for petrophysical modeling, Gross Rock Volume (GRV) determination and technical redevelopment of the field.
