Normative Analysis and Strategy Research on Harmonized Development of Modern Industrialization, Urbanization, Agricultural Modernization and IT Application

Targeting modernization, we should keep to the Chinese-style path of car- rying out industrialization in a new way and advancing IT application, urbanization, and agricultural modernization. In the research, the scientific concepts of IT applica- tion, urbanization, agricultural modernization and industrialization were illustrated and the interrelations were analyzed, with measures on harmonized development pro- posed based on existing problems.

Robust Fault Detection and Isolation Based on Finite-frequency H__/H_∞ Unknown Input Observers and Zonotopic Threshold Analysis

This work proposes a robust fault detection and isolation scheme for discrete-time systems subject to actuator faults,in which a bank of H_/H∞ fault detection unknown input observers(UIOs) and a zonotopic threshold analysis strategy are considered. In observer design, finite-frequency H_ index based on the generalized Kalman-Yakubovich-Popov lemma and H∞ technique are utilized to evaluate worst-case fault sensitivity and disturbance attenuation performance, respectively. The proposed H_/H∞ fault detection observers are designed to be insensitive to the corresponding actuator fault only, but sensitive to others.Then, to overcome the weakness of predefining threshold for FDI decision-making, this work proposes a zonotopic threshold analysis method to evaluate the generated residuals. The FDI decision-making relies on the evaluation with a dynamical zonotopic threshold. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to show the feasibility of the proposed scheme.

A Critical Discourse Analysis on the Teacher Behavioral Norms of English Training School

With a Critical Discourse Analysis approach, this essay reveals four types of discourses: discourse of examination, instruction, technology and regulation. Based on the analysis of power relation among those discourses, a vivid picture of teachers' identity at training-school has been clearly sketched. That is, teacher at training-school is a puppet acting as not only the transmitter of specific knowledge, but also the supervisor of rules and spokesman of institution.

Non-isothermal kinetic analysis of thermal dehydration of La_2(CO_3)_3·3.4H_2O in air

The single phase La2（CO3）3·3.4H2 O was synthesized by hydrothermal method. The thermal decomposition and intermediates and final solid products of La2（CO3）3·3.4H2O from 30 to 1000 °C were characterized by XRD, FTIR and DTA-TG. The kinetics of dehydration of La2（CO3）3·3.4H2O in the temperature range of 30-366 °C was investigated under non-isothermal conditions. Flynn-Wall-Ozawa and Friedman isoconversion methods were used to calculate the activation energy and analyze the reaction steps; multivariate non-linear regression program was applied to determine the most probable mechanism and the kinetic parameters. The results show that the thermal dehydration of La2（CO3）3·3.4H2O is a kind of three-step competitive reaction, and controlled by an n-order initial reaction followed by n-order competitive reaction（FnFnFn model）. The activation energy matching with the most probable model is close to value obtained by Friedman method. The fitting curves match the original TG-DTG curves very well.

Complete Genome Sequencing and Genetic Variation Analysis of Two H9N2 Subtype Avian Influenza Virus Strains

[Objective] The study aimed to investigate the genetic variation characters of entire sequences between two H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus strains and other reference strains.[Method] The entire sequences of 8 genes were obtained by using RT-PCR,and these sequences were analyzed with that of six H9N2 subtype avian influenza isolates in homology comparison and genetic evolution relation.[Result] The results showed that the nucleotide sequence of entire gene of the strain shared 91.1%-95.4% homology with other seven reference strains,and PG08 shared the highest homology 91.3% with C/BJ/1/94;ZD06 shared the highest homology 92.3% with D/HK/Y280/97.HA cleavage sites of two H9N2 subtype avian influenza virus isolated strains were PARSSR/GLF,typical of mildly pathogenic avian influenza virus.[Conclusion] Phylogenetic tree for entire gene of eight strains showed that the genetic relationship was the closest between ZD06 and C/Pak/2/99 strains,which belonged to the Eurasian lineage;PG08 shared the highest homology 91.3% with ZD06,it may be the product of gene rearrangements of other sub-lines.

Sequence Analysis of HA Genes from Three H9N2 Subtype Avian Influenza Viruses

[ Objective] The study aimed to understand the genetic characters of H9N2 subtype avian influenza viruses isolated in Belling area. [ Method] HA genes of three H9N2 subtype avian influenza viruses A/Chicken/Beijing/xu/00, A/Chicken/Beijing/bei/00 and A/Chicken/Beijing/ liu/00 were amplified by RT-PCR and then sequenced. [ Result] The results of phylogenetic analysis showed that A/Chicken/Beijing/xu/00, A/ Chicken/Beijing/bei/00 and A/Chicken/Beijing/liu/00 shared the nucleotide homologies of 84.8% （ Dk/HK/Y439/97 ） -98.0% （ Ck/GX17/00 ）, 85.1% （Dk/HK/Y439/97） - 99.1% （ Ck/GXl 7/00）, 90.7% （ Ck/BJ/3/01 ） - 99.1% （Ck/GX17/00） with the isolates from Hongkong and other are- as of Chinese Mainland respectively. At the same time, the analysis of amino acid indicated that the three isolates belonged to low pathogenic H9N2 isolates of avian origin. The 226^th amino acid of them were L （ Leu）, suggesting their high binding affinity to human cells. There were seven glyco- sylation sites in HA protein, five from HA1 and two from HA2. [ Cenclusien] By analysis at molecular level, it could be concluded that A/Chicken/ Beijing/xu/00, A/Chicken/Beijing/bei/00 and A/Chicken/Beijing/liu/00 were low pathogenic H9N2 isolates of avian origin.

Sequence Comparison and Analysis of HA Gene of Four H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus Isolates

[ Objective] To determine the HA gene sequences of four H9N2 Avian influenza virus （AIV） strains and carry out comparative analysis so as to understand the difference and variation pattern of each strain from the angle of molecular biology and to know the distribution and epidemic law of H9N2 AIV. [Method] One pair of primers was designed referring to HA gene sequences of H9N2 AIV. The HA genes of A/Chicken/Hebei/WD/98 （H9N2; WD98 for short）, A/Chicken/Hebei/ZD/04 （H9N2; ZD04 for short））, A/Chicken/Beijing/MY/06 （H9N2; MY06 for short） ）, and A/Chicken/Beijing/PG/08 （H9N2; PG08 for short）） were amplified, cloned and sequenced. Then the HA gene sequences of these strains were compared with that of 10 H9N2 AIV stains in GenBank. [Result] The ORF of HA genes of the four strains was 1 683 bp in size, encoding 516 amino acids. The HA gene sequences of the four strains, WD98, MY06, PG08, and ZD04, were 82.6% -95.1%, 83.0% -99.0%, 82.7% -95.5%, and 81.3% -95.7% homologous to that of the 10 H9N2 AIV stains, respectively. And the homology of amino acid was respectively 86.6% -96.3%, 86.6% -97.9%, 87.0% -97.1%, and 86.9% -97.3%. [ Conclusion] The HA gene has greatly high homology among different strains.

Cloning and Phylogenetic Analysis of NS1 Genes from Different Isolates of H9N2 Subtype Duck Influenza Virus

[ Objective] The study aimed to lay a foundation for the further studies on function mechanism of NS1 protein in the interspecies transmission of waterfowl influenza virus. [Method] Using the serologic assay and the specific RT-PCR method, some strains of H9 subtype waterfowl influenza virus were isolated from the 12 to 20 day-old muscovy duck flocks without any clinical symptoms in different areas of Guangdong Province. Four of these strains, including A/duck/ZQ/303/2007（H9N2） （A3 for short）, A/Duck/FJ/301/2007 （H9N2） （C1 for short）, A/Duck/NH/306/2007（H9N2） （ D6 for short）, A/duck/SS/402/2007（H9N2） （ E2 for short）, and a strain named A/duck/ZC/2007（H9N2） （L1 for short） from a muscovy duck died of avian influenza virus （AIV）, were used for NSl gene cloning and sequencing. Subsequently, the obtained NSl gene sequences were compared with other NS1 sequences registered in GenBank, and the phylogenetic analysis was also conducted. [Result] When compared with the H9N2 AIV NS1 sequences in GenBank, the NSl genes of the four AIV strains A3, C1, 136 and E2 displayed homologies ranging from 99% to 100% at nucleotide level, and 95% to 100% at amino acid level; while the NSl gene of L1 strain displayed homology ranging from 94% to 97% at nucleotide level, and 93% to 98% at amino acid level. The phylogenetic tree demonstrated that A3, C1, D6 and E2 were highly resemblant, and L1 was closest to AY66473 （chicken, 2003）. By comparison with the NS1 gene sequences of L1, AF523514 （duck）, AY664743 （chicken） and EF155262.1 （quail） using DNAstar, A3, C1, D6 and E.2 presented nucleotide variations at site 21 （ R→Q）, 70, 71 （ KE→EG）, 86 （ A→S）, 124 （V→M） and 225 （ S→N）, and amino acid variations at site 21,70, 71 and 86 in dsRNA- dependent protein kinase （PKR） binding domain of NSl gene, which induced the evident variations of antigenic determinant and surface proba- bility plot of NS1 protein. [ Conclusion] This study suggested that the amino acid sequence variation in PKR binding domain of NS1 protein had something to do with the virus pathogenicity.

亚硝酸盐对焦酚红法检测24 h尿液总蛋白的干扰分析

目的探讨亚硝酸盐对于焦酚红法检测24 h尿液总蛋白的干扰效应,并评估维生素C纠正干扰的可行性。方法根据美国临床和实验室标准协会(CLSI)EP7-A3文件,选取24 h尿液总蛋白定量结果为150 mg/L、500 mg/L和1000 mg/L的新鲜尿液标本作为对照样本,并配制含不同浓度亚硝酸钠的干扰物样本。利用配对差异实验确认亚硝酸盐的干扰作用,并通过剂量效应实验明确亚硝酸盐浓度与干扰程度的关系。在终浓度为200μg/mL亚硝酸钠存在的情况下,评估不同浓度维生素C纠正干扰的效果。同时收集61例亚硝酸盐阳性和40例亚硝酸盐阴性的临床标本,比较两组标本维生素C纠正前后的相对差值,评估其临床应用价值。结果配对差异实验中200μg/mL亚硝酸钠对150 mg/L和500 mg/L两个浓度的尿总蛋白测定分别存在-157.8%和-36.2%的相对干扰,显著大于1/2TEa(22%),而对于高浓度1000 mg/L的尿总蛋白虽存在-20.5%的负干扰,但在可接受范围内。剂量效应实验结果显示随着尿液中亚硝酸盐浓度的增加,尿总蛋白检测所受负干扰作用亦逐渐增大。在终浓度为200μg/mL亚硝酸钠存在的情况下,添加0.2 mg/mL的维生素C可分别将150 mg/L和500 mg/L的尿总蛋白纠正至148 mg/L(-1.1%)和402 mg/L(-19.5%),均处于可接受范围内。临床标本中亚硝酸盐阳性组通过维生素C纠正产生的相对差值显著高于亚硝酸盐阴性组(P<0.01)。结论亚硝酸盐对于焦酚红法检测尿液总蛋白存在负干扰,尤其是在尿总蛋白150 mg/L情况下,需引起临床实验室的关注。添加0.2 mg/mL维生素C可有效纠正低浓度尿总蛋白标本中亚硝酸盐的干扰作用,具有一定的临床应用价值。

自拟黄精降压汤治疗H型高血压亚组分析

目的观察自拟黄精降压汤治疗气虚型高血压伴高同型半胱氨酸血症(HHcy)亚组疗效分析。方法从自拟黄精降压汤治疗气虚型高血压临床疗效观察项目中选取同型胱氨酸(Hcy)≥10μmol·L-1的亚组人群65例患者进行确证性亚组分析。对照组给予口服苯磺酸氨氯地平片每次5 mg,每日1次;观察组在对照组用药基础上给予口服自拟黄精降压汤治疗,每日2次,2组均治疗8周。比较2组治疗前后中医症候积分、血压、同型半胱氨酸、血脂变化。结果治疗后,观察组中医症候积分、总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后观察组诊室血压、家庭血压、24 h动态血压SBP值、同型半胱氨酸均明显低于对照组(P<0.05);治疗后观察组低密度脂蛋白胆固醇低于对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论自拟黄精降压汤可明显改善气虚型H型高血压患者临床症状,降低患者血浆同型半胱氨酸值,安全有效。

基于最弱t-norm算法模糊贝叶斯网络土石坝渗漏风险分析

针对土石坝工程渗漏影响要素多,风险评估体系不完善的问题,提出一种基于最弱t-norm算法模糊贝叶斯网络的土石坝渗漏风险分析模型。首先基于土石坝渗漏破坏成因构建土石坝渗漏风险分析网络,再基于层次分析法和最弱t-norm聚合算法求解不同专家判断的相似性结果,最后将相似性结果转化为概率后代入贝叶斯理论计算水库渗漏破坏风险。以2005年英德尔水库渗漏破坏事件为例,计算得到该库渗漏破坏概率为0.08,属于不可接受风险,并通过反向诊断验证了该模型的可靠性与灵敏性优于传统算法。研究结果可为土石坝渗流风险分析与处置决策提供参考。

基于等时替代模型的大学生24h活动行为与健康体适能的关系

[目的]运用成分等时替代模型探索在校大学生24 h活动行为与健康体适能之间的关系,为改善大学生人群的体质健康水平提供参考.[方法]选取天津某高校223名在校学生为研究对象.使用三维加速度计(ActiGraph GT3X+)记录学生每天24 h活动行为,包括中高强度身体活动(MVPA)、低强度身体活动(LPA)、久坐时间(SB)和睡眠(SLP)时间.使用成分分析方法分析探讨各成分与健康体适能的关系,并以15 min建立等时替代模型预测各活动行为替代后对结局变量产生的影响.[结果]仅MVPA与其他行为之间的替代与反替代均有统计学意义(P<0.05),其中MVPA和SB相互替代时变化幅度最大;LPA替代SB时,BMI指数、握力和坐位体前屈均显著升高,反之仅握力显著下降;LPA替代SLP时,BMI指数显著上升,反之显著下降;SLP替代SB时,BMI指数和腰围显著下降,反之均显著升高,并且升高的幅度更明显.[结论]MVPA是影响大学生群体体质健康发展的主要因素,在保证适度睡眠的同时,将SB转化为MVPA可能更有意义.

新型煤矿单轨吊H型钢-轨道连接子结构受力性能研究

煤矿单轨吊辅助运输是保证矿井可持续发展和提高煤炭运输效率的关键性设备。根据不完全的数据统计,每年我国煤炭需运输约200亿t的物资和设备,其中有四分之一以上是依靠单轨吊的辅助运输进行的,但每年总会出现吊车倾覆、悬挂点断裂等事故。不断改进对单轨吊轨道的悬挂形式,以改善其安装质量,这对于矿井单轨吊辅助运输设备有着十分重要的作用。基于此,介绍了一种新型煤矿单轨吊H型钢梁-轨道连接的悬挂形式,并对节点子结构的实体单元进行了有限元分析,以此来研究其受力性能。

Genetic Analysis and Rescue of a Triple-reassortant H3N2 Influenza A Virus Isolated From Swine in Eastern China

One influenza H3N2 virus, A/swine/Shandong/3/2005 (Sw/SD/3/2005), was isolated from pigs with respiratory disease on a farm in eastern China. Genetic analysis revealed that Sw/SD/3/2005 was a triple-reassortant virus with a PB2 gene from human-like H1N1, NS from classical swine H1N1, and the remaining genes from human-like H3N2 virus. These findings further support the concept that swine can serve as reservoir or mixing vessels of influenza virus strains and maintain genetic and antigenic stability of viruses. Furthermore, we have successfully established a reverse genetics system based on eight plasmids and rescued Sw/SD/3/2005 through cell transfection. HI tests and RT-PCR confirmed that the rescued virus maintained the biological properties of the wild type Sw/SD/3/2005. The successful establishment of the reverse genetics system of Sw/SD/3/2005 will enable us to conduct extensive studies of the molecular evolution of H3N2 influenza viruses in swine.

Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of hemagglutinin genes of H9N2 influenza viruses isolated from chicken in China from 2013 to 2015

H9N2 avian influenza virus（AIV） infection is a major problem in poultry industry worldwide. In this study, molecular characterizations and phylogenetic relationships of hemagglutinin（HA） gene sequences of H9N2 AIV of 5 Chinese isolates in 2014 recently available in Gen Bank, 3 widely used vaccine strains, and 52 novel isolates in China from 2013 to 2015 were analyzed. The homology analysis showed that the nucleotide sequences of HA gene of these recent Chinese H9N2 AIV isolates shared homologies from 94.1 to 99.9%. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all isolates belonged to AIV lineage h9.4.2.5. Fifty-six out of the 57 recent Chinese H9N2 AIV isolates had the motifs PSRSSR↓GLF at the cleavage sites within the HA protein, while one isolate PWH01 harbored LSRSSR↓GLF. Remarkably, all of the recent Chinese H9N2 AIV strains had the Q216 L substitution in the receptor binding site, which indicated that they had potential to infect humans. Most of recent Chinese H9N2 AIV isolates lost the potential N-linked glycosylation site at residues 200–202 compared with vaccine strains. This present study demonstrated that AIV lineage h9.4.2.5 was more predominant in China than other lineages as it harbored all the H9N2 AIV isolated between 2013 and 2015. Also we showed the importance of continuous surveillance of emerging H9N2 AIV in China and update of vaccine formulation accordingly in order to prevent and control H9N2 AIV.

Integrating the valence theory and the norm activation theory to understand consumers’ e-waste recycling intention

Electrical and electronic waste(e-waste)is a growing challenge,matching the widespread boom in the use of information and communication technology.Opposite to an alarming increasing amount of e-waste,a low rate of consumer engagement in ensuring the proper disposal of such materials intensifies the pressure on the exist‐ing e-waste crisis.To deal with this thorny problem,it is of great interest to grasp consumers’disposal and re‐cycling behavioral intentions.Therefore,this study attempts to understand complementary perspectives around consumers’e-waste recycling intention based on the integration of the valence theory and the norm activation theory.Four data mining models using classification and prediction-based algorithms,namely Chi squared automatic interaction detector(CHAID),Neural network,Discriminant analysis,and Quick,unbiased,efficient statistical tree(QUEST),were employed to analyze a set of the 398 data collected in Vietnam.The re‐sults revealed that the social support value is by far the most critical predictor,followed by the utilitarian value,task difficulty,and monetary risk.It is also noteworthy that the awareness of consequences,education background,the ascription of responsibility,and age were also ranked as critical affecting factors.The lowest influential predictors found in this study were income and gender.In addition,a comparison was made in terms of the classification performance of the four utilized data mining techniques.Based on several evalua‐tion measurements(confusion matrix,accuracy,precision,recall,specificity,F-measure,ROC curve,and AUC),the aggregated results suggested that CHAID and Neural network performed the best.The findings of this research are expected to assist policymakers and future researchers in updating all information surround‐ing consumer behavioral intention-related topics focusing on e-waste.Furthermore,the adoption of data min‐ing algorithms for prediction is another insight of this study,which may shed the light on data mining applica‐tions in such environmental studies in the future.

Investigation and Analysis on the Physical and Mental Health Status of Intern Nurses in a Hospital,Gansu Province

Objective:To analyze the investigation results of mental health Symptom Checklist-90(SCL-90)of nursing interns(hereinafter referred to as nursing students)in a hospital in Gansu Province,to comprehensively and objectively understand the mental health status of nursing students,in order to provide the basis of maintaining and improving the mental health level of nursing students.Methods:Totally 121 nursing interns were surveyed using SCL-90,and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS19.0.Results:The mental health status of nursing students in a hospital in Gansu Province is higher than that of normal adults in China.The scores of the six factors(somatization,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,depression,anxiety,horror,and psychosis)are higher(P<0.01).Compared with the group norm,the four factors of somatization,obsessive-compulsive symptoms,terror,and anxiety are higher(P<0.01),but they are better than the mental health status of college students in China(except for somatic symptoms)(P<0.01).Conclusion:The mental health status of nursing students is poor and needs attention.Interventions can be taken to alleviate psychological problems of nursing students,thoroughly improve their anxiety and depression,and thus improve their health.

Loss of LBP triggers lipid metabolic disorder through H3K27 acetylation-mediated C/EBPβ-SCD activation in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is associated with mutations in lipopolysaccharide-binding protein(LBP),but the underlying epigenetic mechanisms remain understudied.Herein,LBP^(-/-)rats with NAFLD were established and used to conduct integrative targetingactive enhancer histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation(H3K27ac)chromatin immunoprecipitation coupled with high-throughput and transcriptomic sequencing analysis to explore the potential epigenetic pathomechanisms of active enhancers of NAFLD exacerbation upon LBP deficiency.Notably,LBP^(-/-)reduced the inflammatory response but markedly aggravated high-fat diet(HFD)-induced NAFLD in rats,with pronounced alterations in the histone acetylome and regulatory transcriptome.In total,1128 differential enhancer-target genes significantly enriched in cholesterol and fatty acid metabolism were identified between wild-type(WT)and LBP^(-/-)NAFLD rats.Based on integrative analysis,CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteinβ(C/EBPβ)was identified as a pivotal transcription factor(TF)and contributor to dysregulated histone acetylome H3K27ac,and the lipid metabolism gene SCD was identified as a downstream effector exacerbating NAFLD.This study not only broadens our understanding of the essential role of LBP in the pathogenesis of NAFLD from an epigenetics perspective but also identifies key TF C/EBPβand functional gene SCD as potential regulators and therapeutic targets.

Analysis of Synonymous Codon Usage Bias in 09H1N1

A novel subtype of influenza A virus 09H1N1 has rapidly spread across the world. Evolutionary analyses of this virus have revealed that 09H1N1 is a triple reassortant of segments from swine, avian and human influenza viruses. In this study, we investigated factors shaping the codon usage bias of 09H1N1 and carried out cluster analysis of 60 strains of influenza A virus from different subtypes based on their codon usage bias. We discovered that more preferentially used codons of 09H1N1 are A-ended or U-ended, and the intra-genomic codon usage bias of 09H1N1 is quite low. Base composition constraint, dinucleotide biases and translational selection are the main factors influencing the codon usage bias of 09H1N1. At the genome level, we find that the codon usage bias of 09H1N1 is similar to H1N1 (A/swine/Kansas/77778/2007H1N1), H9N2 from Asia, H1N2 from Asia and North America and H3N2 from North America. Our results provide insight for understanding the processes governing evolution, regulation of gene expression, and revealing the evolution of 09H1N1.

Identification of an H1N1 subtype of swine influenza virus and serological analysis

To investigate the epizootic of swine influenza virus(SIV),60 nasal swabs were collected from a clinical cases of pig farm in Tai’an City,Shandong Province of China in April 2017.SIV was isolated by inoculating into 10-day-old Special Pathogen Free embryonated eggs and the whole genome was sequenced.An H1N1 subtype SIV was isolated and designated as A/swine/Shandong/TA04/2017(H1N1).Phylogenetic analysis showed that apart from the polymerase A(PA) fragment belonging to the 2009 pandemic H1N1 branch,seven genome segments belonged to avian-like H1N1 influenza virus lineage.The cleavage site sequence of the hemagglutinin(HA) protein was PSIQSR↓G,which is a typical molecular biological characteristic.Five potential N-glycosylation sites(N14,N26,N277,N484 and N543) were found in the HA gene.To further investigate the epidemiology of SIV in this farm,the 995 serum samples were assessed with EAH1N1 2009 pandemic H1N1 and H3 N2 antigens.The results showed that the total positive rate was 65.43%.The positive rates of single virus infection detected by EAH1N1,2009 pdmH1N1 and H3 N2 for serum HI(Hemagglutination inhibition) were 48.35,30.85 and 7.47%,respectively.The results showed that SIV in Shandong Province has been reassorted in some segments and the SIV-positive rate was high on the SIV outbreak farm.These data provide evidence of an epizootic of SIV.