Interferon regulatory factor 7 plays a crucial role in the innate immune response.However,whether interferon regulatory factor 7-mediated signaling contributes to Parkinson's disease remains unknown.Here we report...Interferon regulatory factor 7 plays a crucial role in the innate immune response.However,whether interferon regulatory factor 7-mediated signaling contributes to Parkinson's disease remains unknown.Here we report that interferon regulatory factor 7 is markedly up-regulated in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease and co-localizes with microglial cells.Both the selective cyclic guanosine monophosphate adenosine monophosphate synthase inhibitor RU.521 and the stimulator of interferon genes inhibitor H151 effectively suppressed interferon regulatory factor 7 activation in BV2 microglia exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and inhibited transformation of mouse BV2 microglia into the neurotoxic M1 phenotype.In addition,si RNA-mediated knockdown of interferon regulatory factor 7 expression in BV2 microglia reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase,tumor necrosis factorα,CD16,CD32,and CD86 and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory markers ARG1 and YM1.Taken together,our findings indicate that the cyclic guanosine monophosphate adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes-interferon regulatory factor 7 pathway plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.展开更多
For a robust design of vacuum vessel of HL-2M, the electromagnetic （EM） loads have to be understood clearly. In this paper, some crucial transient events, such as plasma major disruptions （MDs）, vertical displacem...For a robust design of vacuum vessel of HL-2M, the electromagnetic （EM） loads have to be understood clearly. In this paper, some crucial transient events, such as plasma major disruptions （MDs）, vertical displacement events （VDEs）, fast discharge of toroidal field （TF） coils, have been investigated to evaluate the eddy currents and EM forces on vacuum vessel and in-vessel components. The results show that the eddy currents depend strongly on the current decay time, and the maximum toroidal eddy current flowing in the whole vessel can reach up to 2.4 MA during MDs that is close to the plasma current. Large symmetric radial forces and a net vertical force on vessel shells could be caused by these transient events. Combination of eddy currents in in-vessel components and toroidal field could twist the copper plates and other internal parts, however, if these plates are supported and connected carefully, the twist moments will not have a big effect on the vessel shells and vessel support.展开更多
Objective:To investigate influence of folic acid and vitamin B12 combined therapy on plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level, blood vessels endothelial function and inflammatory factors in patients with vascular dementia and ...Objective:To investigate influence of folic acid and vitamin B12 combined therapy on plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level, blood vessels endothelial function and inflammatory factors in patients with vascular dementia and type H hypertension.Methods:100 cases of patients with vascular dementia and type H hypertension accorded with the inclusion criteria were selected as research objects. They were randomly divided as the control group and the therapeutic group, 50 cases each. For control group, Enalapril tablets were administered by mouth for treatment. For therapeutic group, folic acid and vitamin B12 treatment were provided on the basis of treatment for control group. Treatments were continued for 12 weeks. Plasma Hcy levels, inflammatory factors [(interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and hypersensitive C reaction protein (hs-CRP)], blood vessels endothelial function indexes variation in patients before and after treatment were observed and detected.Results:Plasma Hcy, IL-6, IL-8 and hs-CRP levels in two groups of patients after treatment were significantly decreased comparing with the same group before treatment, and the above index levels in therapeutic group after treatment were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05);For comparison of blood vessels endothelial function indexes in the patients, NO levels in two groups after treatment were increased in various degrees, and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were decreased. The differences between levels of the two indexes in therapeutic group before and after treatment were significant, and levels after treatment in therapeutic group were significantly better than in control group (P<0.05). While variations of the differences in control group before and after treatment were not significant (P>0.05);After treatment, diastolic pressure and systolic pressure in the two groups of patients were significantly improved comparing with before treatment (P<0.05). However, after treatment, the differences of levels between therapeutic group and control group were not significant (P>0.05). MMSE score in therapeutic group after treatment was significantly higher than before treatment, and significantly higher than in control group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Combined therapy of folic acid and vitamin B12 for treating vascular dementia with type H hypertension could effectively decrease plasma Hcy and inflammatory factor levels, and improve blood vessels endothelial function and dementia degree on patients. It has certain clinical value which deserves to be promoted.展开更多
M. H.艾布拉姆斯是美国当代著名的人文主义批评家和浪漫主义研究大师,其代表作《镜与灯》和《自然的超自然主义》都是英美人文主义批评经典著作。学术界对于艾氏的人文主义批评实践已有丰富的研究成果,但对于他有关人文主义批评的思想...M. H.艾布拉姆斯是美国当代著名的人文主义批评家和浪漫主义研究大师,其代表作《镜与灯》和《自然的超自然主义》都是英美人文主义批评经典著作。学术界对于艾氏的人文主义批评实践已有丰富的研究成果,但对于他有关人文主义批评的思想观点却鲜有讨论。其实,艾氏一生不仅在批评实践中坚持人文主义批评传统,还在诸多批评文献中对人文主义批评的内涵、目的和方法进行了充分的论述和阐释。在他看来,文学是“人的世界”的产品,是用“灵活、微妙”的“人文话语”表达“人性关怀”,是人际交流的一种“媒介”。文学批评的目的是追求人文真实,人文追求是永无止境的,因而文学批评的方法必须是多元的。展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82171429,81771384a grant from Wuxi Municipal Health Commission,No.1286010241190480(all to YS)。
文摘Interferon regulatory factor 7 plays a crucial role in the innate immune response.However,whether interferon regulatory factor 7-mediated signaling contributes to Parkinson's disease remains unknown.Here we report that interferon regulatory factor 7 is markedly up-regulated in a 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease and co-localizes with microglial cells.Both the selective cyclic guanosine monophosphate adenosine monophosphate synthase inhibitor RU.521 and the stimulator of interferon genes inhibitor H151 effectively suppressed interferon regulatory factor 7 activation in BV2 microglia exposed to 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium and inhibited transformation of mouse BV2 microglia into the neurotoxic M1 phenotype.In addition,si RNA-mediated knockdown of interferon regulatory factor 7 expression in BV2 microglia reduced the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase,tumor necrosis factorα,CD16,CD32,and CD86 and increased the expression of the anti-inflammatory markers ARG1 and YM1.Taken together,our findings indicate that the cyclic guanosine monophosphate adenosine monophosphate synthase-stimulator of interferon genes-interferon regulatory factor 7 pathway plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease.
文摘For a robust design of vacuum vessel of HL-2M, the electromagnetic （EM） loads have to be understood clearly. In this paper, some crucial transient events, such as plasma major disruptions （MDs）, vertical displacement events （VDEs）, fast discharge of toroidal field （TF） coils, have been investigated to evaluate the eddy currents and EM forces on vacuum vessel and in-vessel components. The results show that the eddy currents depend strongly on the current decay time, and the maximum toroidal eddy current flowing in the whole vessel can reach up to 2.4 MA during MDs that is close to the plasma current. Large symmetric radial forces and a net vertical force on vessel shells could be caused by these transient events. Combination of eddy currents in in-vessel components and toroidal field could twist the copper plates and other internal parts, however, if these plates are supported and connected carefully, the twist moments will not have a big effect on the vessel shells and vessel support.
文摘Objective:To investigate influence of folic acid and vitamin B12 combined therapy on plasma homocysteine (Hcy) level, blood vessels endothelial function and inflammatory factors in patients with vascular dementia and type H hypertension.Methods:100 cases of patients with vascular dementia and type H hypertension accorded with the inclusion criteria were selected as research objects. They were randomly divided as the control group and the therapeutic group, 50 cases each. For control group, Enalapril tablets were administered by mouth for treatment. For therapeutic group, folic acid and vitamin B12 treatment were provided on the basis of treatment for control group. Treatments were continued for 12 weeks. Plasma Hcy levels, inflammatory factors [(interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8) and hypersensitive C reaction protein (hs-CRP)], blood vessels endothelial function indexes variation in patients before and after treatment were observed and detected.Results:Plasma Hcy, IL-6, IL-8 and hs-CRP levels in two groups of patients after treatment were significantly decreased comparing with the same group before treatment, and the above index levels in therapeutic group after treatment were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05);For comparison of blood vessels endothelial function indexes in the patients, NO levels in two groups after treatment were increased in various degrees, and endothelin-1 (ET-1) were decreased. The differences between levels of the two indexes in therapeutic group before and after treatment were significant, and levels after treatment in therapeutic group were significantly better than in control group (P<0.05). While variations of the differences in control group before and after treatment were not significant (P>0.05);After treatment, diastolic pressure and systolic pressure in the two groups of patients were significantly improved comparing with before treatment (P<0.05). However, after treatment, the differences of levels between therapeutic group and control group were not significant (P>0.05). MMSE score in therapeutic group after treatment was significantly higher than before treatment, and significantly higher than in control group (P<0.05).Conclusions: Combined therapy of folic acid and vitamin B12 for treating vascular dementia with type H hypertension could effectively decrease plasma Hcy and inflammatory factor levels, and improve blood vessels endothelial function and dementia degree on patients. It has certain clinical value which deserves to be promoted.
