Following the orogeny in the Early Palaeozoic, the tectonic evolution of the Nanpanjiang basin in the Hercynian-Indosinian stage constituted a complete Wilson Cycle, made up of the stages of early rifting (D-P1), late...Following the orogeny in the Early Palaeozoic, the tectonic evolution of the Nanpanjiang basin in the Hercynian-Indosinian stage constituted a complete Wilson Cycle, made up of the stages of early rifting (D-P1), late rifting and passive margin developement (P2-T1), and peripheral foreland basin developement (T2-T3). The REE data of the initial Early Triassic basalts from the southern part of the basin has verified the existence of the oceanic crust once in the basinal evolution. The basin developed into a foreland one in the Middle-Late Triassic, indicating that the Yangtze plate once collided with the Indo-Sinian plate along the Black River fracture zone.展开更多
Qilian orogenic belt is a typical orogenic belt formed by polycyclic collisions between the North China plate and Qaidam microplate. Qilian ocean originated from the rift of the late Proterozoic Rodinia continent(Pang...Qilian orogenic belt is a typical orogenic belt formed by polycyclic collisions between the North China plate and Qaidam microplate. Qilian ocean originated from the rift of the late Proterozoic Rodinia continent(Pangea\|850), evolved through rift basin and became an archipelagic ocean in the Caledonian stage. The Lower Proterozoic strata in Qilian area are mid\|high\|rank metamorphic rocks that constitute the metamorphic basement of the area. The “Huangyuan Movement" (in South Qilian and Central Qilian) and "Alashan Movement" (in North Qilian) in the latest Late Proterozoic formed a regional unconformity. The middle Proterozoic in the area are mudstones and carbonate rocks with stromatolites and ooids. The Qingbaikou System of the upper Proterozoic in the North Qilian and Corridor region is also mudstone and carbonate rock with stromatolites. The Qingbaikou System in Central Qilian is sandstones and mudstones. There are alkaline and tholeiite in the Sinian System in North Qilian and Corridor. The contact between Qingbaikou System and Sinian System is a regional unconformity (Quanji Movement). Qilian ocean began to rift away in Caledonian tectonic stage on the Pre\|Sinian basement.展开更多
Based on the study of the location of extensional action in the tectonic background and the state of regional tectonic stress, the extensional action can be distinguished into active and passive types. The active exte...Based on the study of the location of extensional action in the tectonic background and the state of regional tectonic stress, the extensional action can be distinguished into active and passive types. The active extensional movement is mainly composed of a set of deposition formed under extensional stress and syntectonic and syndepositional deformational structure. The passive extentional movement is expressed as regional extensional action induced under the compressional elevation. Extensional movement and action are well\|developed in the Tibet\|Tethys domain. By the analysis of tectonic deformation, extensional unconformity, depositional facies and paleogeographical rebuilding in the South Tibet, it is recognized that the extensional movement consists of active extension of Hercynian, Indo\|China and Early Yanshan epochs, and the passive extension of Late Yanshan and Himalayan epochs. Some of the characteristics of extensional movement and structures are discussed in this paper(Table.1).展开更多
There are eight Hercynian orogenic fold belts in northern Xinjiang. The traditional viewpoint is that the orogeny was related to collision between the Siberian plate, Kazakhstan-Junggar and Tarim-Sinokorean plates. Th...There are eight Hercynian orogenic fold belts in northern Xinjiang. The traditional viewpoint is that the orogeny was related to collision between the Siberian plate, Kazakhstan-Junggar and Tarim-Sinokorean plates. The recent investigation indicates that in northern Xinjiang, geological entity of continental plate did not exist during the Hercynian cycle. It is suggested that the orogenic processes in this area are the results of displacement and accretion between the Tarim terrane, Junggar terrane, central Tianshan (Ili-Isaik Lake)展开更多
This paper introduces the petrological, mineralogical and geochemical fea. tures of the rocks hosting the Sareshik tin deposit—an independent tin deposit related to Hercynian A-type granites discovered in China in 19...This paper introduces the petrological, mineralogical and geochemical fea. tures of the rocks hosting the Sareshik tin deposit—an independent tin deposit related to Hercynian A-type granites discovered in China in 1987. A comparison with the features of A-type granites at home and abroad indicates that some of their petrological features are more typical than those of famous A-type granites of Nigeria. The geological features of the tin deposit are salient and notably different from those of some famous tin deposits in China, so the deposit may represent China’s deposits associated with anorogenic granites. This tin deposit was formed in the Hercynian Stage. This type of tin deposit was for the first time discovered in China and is also rare in the world. It is a new type of tin deposit in China.展开更多
Basic and intermediate-acidic igneous rocks were developed during the late Hercynian in North Tarim basin. The geochemistry characteristics of the rocks show that basic volcanic rock has K2O/Na2O = 0.18-0.61 〈 1 and ...Basic and intermediate-acidic igneous rocks were developed during the late Hercynian in North Tarim basin. The geochemistry characteristics of the rocks show that basic volcanic rock has K2O/Na2O = 0.18-0.61 〈 1 and falls into a category of basalt of sodium system. The rocks contain enriched large-ion lithophile elements （LILE） （K, Rb, Ba, Th） and high-field strength elements （HFSE） （Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr, P）, with the magmatic material from the upper mantle. The intermediate-acidic volcanicrocks have σ = 1.91-2.96 〈 3.3, K2O/Na2O = 1.25-1.59 〉 1, as well as the enriched LILE and depleted HFSE （Nb, Ta, Ti, P）, presenting the same trace element compositions and characteristics as in the granitic rocks of South Tianshan Mt.; they are either shoshonitic igneous rocks or high-K calc-alkaline igneous rocks, with a distinct crust-derived component feature. The comprehensive analyses on the characteristics of the trace elements, the graphic tectonic discrimination, and the distribution features of the two types of igneous rocks show that they were formed under different tectonic settings and geodynamic environments： the basalt was formed in the active rifting period when the active mantle upwelling caused the thinning of lithosphere; the intermediateacidic volcanic-intrusive rock was formed in the island arc area of the active continental margin in North Tarim; the formation is associated with the plate subduction during the course of South Tianshan Ocean closure--the subduction of Middle Tianshan Mountain toward the Tarim plate. The basic and intermediate-acidic igneous rocks reveal a tectonic regime of extension-extrusion transition, which is significant in determining the key tectonic revolution period of North Tarim basin.展开更多
An identification has been made of some shoshonitic intrusive rocks in central Hainan Island recently. These rocks are K-rich (K2O=2.9%―5.1%, K2O/Na2O=0.95―2.12), distinctly enriched in LILE and LREE, strongly deple...An identification has been made of some shoshonitic intrusive rocks in central Hainan Island recently. These rocks are K-rich (K2O=2.9%―5.1%, K2O/Na2O=0.95―2.12), distinctly enriched in LILE and LREE, strongly depleted in Nb, Ta, and moder- ately depleted in Sr and Ti, with (87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.70859―0.71425 and ε Nd(t) = (?2.77―?7.49). They were derived from an EMⅡ-type mantle source. The enrichment process is related to metasomatism of depleted mantle caused by a great amount of fluid-melt released from oceanic crust and terri- genous sediments at great depth (eclogite facies) during the subduction of the South China plate under the Indochina-South China Sea plate in the Carbon- iferous–Early Permian. A SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating yields a crystallization age of 272±7 Ma for the sho- shonitic intrusions, which is coeval with the strongly peraluminous granites found in central Hainan Island. These two kinds of rocks generally possess syn-intrusion ductile deformation structures. Thus they are considered to have been generated during the early stage (syn-thrust phase) of a post-collisional event. The primary magma of shoshonitic rocks was produced at a depth > 80 km by decompression- dehydration melting of previously enriched litho- spheric mantle wedge, phlogopite-bearing garnet peridotite, which was in turn caused by the break-off of a descendent slab and upwelling of a hot as- thenosphere. The rising of melts was accompaniedby crustal contamination and crystallization fractiona- tion (AFC). Combining with other related data, it is proposed that the southwards subduction and amal- gamation of the South China plate with the Indo- China-South China Sea plate took place at ca. 287- 278 Ma, which was a part of the convergence proc- ess of the Pangea supercontinent. The suture zone was probably located along the line of Song Ma-Beibu Gulf-north margin of the Yunkai Moun- tains-Wuyi Mountains.展开更多
The Merguechoum fluorite-barite mineralization,located in the Eastern Meseta of Morocco,is hosted in the Late Hercynian granite.The ore consists of fine crystals of fluorite 1,massive barite 1,euhedral crystals of flu...The Merguechoum fluorite-barite mineralization,located in the Eastern Meseta of Morocco,is hosted in the Late Hercynian granite.The ore consists of fine crystals of fluorite 1,massive barite 1,euhedral crystals of fluorite 2,and barite 2 with calcite and minor quartz and sulfides.The Merguechoum ore deposits have never been investigated.This study was the first contribution that studied the genesis of fluorite and barite.The ore occurs as dissemination within granite intrusion and also fills the NE-SWtrending meter-sized fractures and faults.The values of the total Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium(REY)and the ratios of LREY/HREY,Y/Ho,Tb/Ca,and Tb/La indicate that the Merguechoum fluorite precipitated from hydrothermal fluids,likely basinal brines,which interacted with the Hercynian granite.The REY data indicate that the ore-forming fluids of the early stage have intensely interacted with the Hercynian granite compared to those of the late ore stage.The gradual decrease in the europium(Eu/Eu^(*)),yttrium(Y/Y^(*)),and cerium(Ce/Ce^(*))anomalies and a low concentration ofΣREY observed in the second ore stage compared to the first ore stage suggest an increase in p H and fO_(2)and by inference a decrease in temperature during the evolution of the hydrothermal system.This evolution could be explained by fluid mixing between the ascending basinal hydrothermal fluids and the diluted sulfate-rich meteoric water barite separates from selected samples reveal that the dissolved sulfates(SO_(4)^(2-))were derived from Permian–Triassic sulfates and/or coeval poreseawater sulfates.The proposed fluid mixing triggered the precipitation of an early-stage F-Ba assemblage followed by the second-stage F-Ba mineralization.Geologic fieldwork,REY inventories,and isotope data point to the ore genesis during the Permian–Triassic extensional tectonic activity concerning the Pangea rifting.This extensional tectonic environment is likely the driving force that mobilized a large amount of the ore-forming basinal brines along the available faults and fractures to the loci of ore deposition.展开更多
文摘Following the orogeny in the Early Palaeozoic, the tectonic evolution of the Nanpanjiang basin in the Hercynian-Indosinian stage constituted a complete Wilson Cycle, made up of the stages of early rifting (D-P1), late rifting and passive margin developement (P2-T1), and peripheral foreland basin developement (T2-T3). The REE data of the initial Early Triassic basalts from the southern part of the basin has verified the existence of the oceanic crust once in the basinal evolution. The basin developed into a foreland one in the Middle-Late Triassic, indicating that the Yangtze plate once collided with the Indo-Sinian plate along the Black River fracture zone.
文摘Qilian orogenic belt is a typical orogenic belt formed by polycyclic collisions between the North China plate and Qaidam microplate. Qilian ocean originated from the rift of the late Proterozoic Rodinia continent(Pangea\|850), evolved through rift basin and became an archipelagic ocean in the Caledonian stage. The Lower Proterozoic strata in Qilian area are mid\|high\|rank metamorphic rocks that constitute the metamorphic basement of the area. The “Huangyuan Movement" (in South Qilian and Central Qilian) and "Alashan Movement" (in North Qilian) in the latest Late Proterozoic formed a regional unconformity. The middle Proterozoic in the area are mudstones and carbonate rocks with stromatolites and ooids. The Qingbaikou System of the upper Proterozoic in the North Qilian and Corridor region is also mudstone and carbonate rock with stromatolites. The Qingbaikou System in Central Qilian is sandstones and mudstones. There are alkaline and tholeiite in the Sinian System in North Qilian and Corridor. The contact between Qingbaikou System and Sinian System is a regional unconformity (Quanji Movement). Qilian ocean began to rift away in Caledonian tectonic stage on the Pre\|Sinian basement.
文摘Based on the study of the location of extensional action in the tectonic background and the state of regional tectonic stress, the extensional action can be distinguished into active and passive types. The active extensional movement is mainly composed of a set of deposition formed under extensional stress and syntectonic and syndepositional deformational structure. The passive extentional movement is expressed as regional extensional action induced under the compressional elevation. Extensional movement and action are well\|developed in the Tibet\|Tethys domain. By the analysis of tectonic deformation, extensional unconformity, depositional facies and paleogeographical rebuilding in the South Tibet, it is recognized that the extensional movement consists of active extension of Hercynian, Indo\|China and Early Yanshan epochs, and the passive extension of Late Yanshan and Himalayan epochs. Some of the characteristics of extensional movement and structures are discussed in this paper(Table.1).
基金Project supported by a fund from the National Project 305.
文摘There are eight Hercynian orogenic fold belts in northern Xinjiang. The traditional viewpoint is that the orogeny was related to collision between the Siberian plate, Kazakhstan-Junggar and Tarim-Sinokorean plates. The recent investigation indicates that in northern Xinjiang, geological entity of continental plate did not exist during the Hercynian cycle. It is suggested that the orogenic processes in this area are the results of displacement and accretion between the Tarim terrane, Junggar terrane, central Tianshan (Ili-Isaik Lake)
文摘This paper introduces the petrological, mineralogical and geochemical fea. tures of the rocks hosting the Sareshik tin deposit—an independent tin deposit related to Hercynian A-type granites discovered in China in 1987. A comparison with the features of A-type granites at home and abroad indicates that some of their petrological features are more typical than those of famous A-type granites of Nigeria. The geological features of the tin deposit are salient and notably different from those of some famous tin deposits in China, so the deposit may represent China’s deposits associated with anorogenic granites. This tin deposit was formed in the Hercynian Stage. This type of tin deposit was for the first time discovered in China and is also rare in the world. It is a new type of tin deposit in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 40672143, 40472107, 40172076)the National Basic Research Program (Nos. 2005CB422107, G1999043305)Project of Northwest Oilfield Company, SINOPEC (KY-S-2006-014)
文摘Basic and intermediate-acidic igneous rocks were developed during the late Hercynian in North Tarim basin. The geochemistry characteristics of the rocks show that basic volcanic rock has K2O/Na2O = 0.18-0.61 〈 1 and falls into a category of basalt of sodium system. The rocks contain enriched large-ion lithophile elements （LILE） （K, Rb, Ba, Th） and high-field strength elements （HFSE） （Nb, Ta, Ti, Zr, P）, with the magmatic material from the upper mantle. The intermediate-acidic volcanicrocks have σ = 1.91-2.96 〈 3.3, K2O/Na2O = 1.25-1.59 〉 1, as well as the enriched LILE and depleted HFSE （Nb, Ta, Ti, P）, presenting the same trace element compositions and characteristics as in the granitic rocks of South Tianshan Mt.; they are either shoshonitic igneous rocks or high-K calc-alkaline igneous rocks, with a distinct crust-derived component feature. The comprehensive analyses on the characteristics of the trace elements, the graphic tectonic discrimination, and the distribution features of the two types of igneous rocks show that they were formed under different tectonic settings and geodynamic environments： the basalt was formed in the active rifting period when the active mantle upwelling caused the thinning of lithosphere; the intermediateacidic volcanic-intrusive rock was formed in the island arc area of the active continental margin in North Tarim; the formation is associated with the plate subduction during the course of South Tianshan Ocean closure--the subduction of Middle Tianshan Mountain toward the Tarim plate. The basic and intermediate-acidic igneous rocks reveal a tectonic regime of extension-extrusion transition, which is significant in determining the key tectonic revolution period of North Tarim basin.
基金the National Land and Resources Great Survey Projects （Grant Nos. 200013000127, 200113900018, 200313000041） the National National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant Nos. 40572052 , 40373014）+1 种基金 the 0pen Foundation of State Key Laboratory for Endogenous Mineral Deposits Research, Nanjing University the New Era Higher-Level Qualified Scientists and Engineers Foundation, Hubei Province.
文摘An identification has been made of some shoshonitic intrusive rocks in central Hainan Island recently. These rocks are K-rich (K2O=2.9%―5.1%, K2O/Na2O=0.95―2.12), distinctly enriched in LILE and LREE, strongly depleted in Nb, Ta, and moder- ately depleted in Sr and Ti, with (87Sr/86Sr)i = 0.70859―0.71425 and ε Nd(t) = (?2.77―?7.49). They were derived from an EMⅡ-type mantle source. The enrichment process is related to metasomatism of depleted mantle caused by a great amount of fluid-melt released from oceanic crust and terri- genous sediments at great depth (eclogite facies) during the subduction of the South China plate under the Indochina-South China Sea plate in the Carbon- iferous–Early Permian. A SHRIMP U-Pb zircon dating yields a crystallization age of 272±7 Ma for the sho- shonitic intrusions, which is coeval with the strongly peraluminous granites found in central Hainan Island. These two kinds of rocks generally possess syn-intrusion ductile deformation structures. Thus they are considered to have been generated during the early stage (syn-thrust phase) of a post-collisional event. The primary magma of shoshonitic rocks was produced at a depth > 80 km by decompression- dehydration melting of previously enriched litho- spheric mantle wedge, phlogopite-bearing garnet peridotite, which was in turn caused by the break-off of a descendent slab and upwelling of a hot as- thenosphere. The rising of melts was accompaniedby crustal contamination and crystallization fractiona- tion (AFC). Combining with other related data, it is proposed that the southwards subduction and amal- gamation of the South China plate with the Indo- China-South China Sea plate took place at ca. 287- 278 Ma, which was a part of the convergence proc- ess of the Pangea supercontinent. The suture zone was probably located along the line of Song Ma-Beibu Gulf-north margin of the Yunkai Moun- tains-Wuyi Mountains.
文摘The Merguechoum fluorite-barite mineralization,located in the Eastern Meseta of Morocco,is hosted in the Late Hercynian granite.The ore consists of fine crystals of fluorite 1,massive barite 1,euhedral crystals of fluorite 2,and barite 2 with calcite and minor quartz and sulfides.The Merguechoum ore deposits have never been investigated.This study was the first contribution that studied the genesis of fluorite and barite.The ore occurs as dissemination within granite intrusion and also fills the NE-SWtrending meter-sized fractures and faults.The values of the total Rare Earth Elements and Yttrium(REY)and the ratios of LREY/HREY,Y/Ho,Tb/Ca,and Tb/La indicate that the Merguechoum fluorite precipitated from hydrothermal fluids,likely basinal brines,which interacted with the Hercynian granite.The REY data indicate that the ore-forming fluids of the early stage have intensely interacted with the Hercynian granite compared to those of the late ore stage.The gradual decrease in the europium(Eu/Eu^(*)),yttrium(Y/Y^(*)),and cerium(Ce/Ce^(*))anomalies and a low concentration ofΣREY observed in the second ore stage compared to the first ore stage suggest an increase in p H and fO_(2)and by inference a decrease in temperature during the evolution of the hydrothermal system.This evolution could be explained by fluid mixing between the ascending basinal hydrothermal fluids and the diluted sulfate-rich meteoric water barite separates from selected samples reveal that the dissolved sulfates(SO_(4)^(2-))were derived from Permian–Triassic sulfates and/or coeval poreseawater sulfates.The proposed fluid mixing triggered the precipitation of an early-stage F-Ba assemblage followed by the second-stage F-Ba mineralization.Geologic fieldwork,REY inventories,and isotope data point to the ore genesis during the Permian–Triassic extensional tectonic activity concerning the Pangea rifting.This extensional tectonic environment is likely the driving force that mobilized a large amount of the ore-forming basinal brines along the available faults and fractures to the loci of ore deposition.
