Eclogite lenses in marbles from the Dabie-Sulu ultrahigh-pressure （UHP） terrane are deeply subducted meta-sedimentary rocks. Zircons in these rocks have been used to constrain the ages of prograde and UHP metamorphi...Eclogite lenses in marbles from the Dabie-Sulu ultrahigh-pressure （UHP） terrane are deeply subducted meta-sedimentary rocks. Zircons in these rocks have been used to constrain the ages of prograde and UHP metamorphism during subduction, and later retrograde metamorphism during exhumation. Inherited （detrital） and metamorphic zircons were distinguished on the basis of transmitted light microscopy, cathodoluminescence （CL） imaging, trace element contents and mineral inclusions. The distribution of mineral inclusions combined with CL imaging of the metamorphic zircon make it possible to relate zircon zones （domains） to different metamorphic stages. Domain 1 consists of rounded, oblong and spindly cores with dark-luminescent images, and contains quartz eclogite facies mineral inclusion assemblages, indicating formation under high-pressure （HP） metamorphic conditions of T = 571-668℃ and P =1.7-2.02 GPa. Domain 2 always surrounds domain 1 or occurs as rounded and spindly cores with white-luminescent images. It contains coesite eclogite facies mineral inclusion assemblages, indicating formation under UHP metamorphic conditions of T = 782-849℃ and P 〉 5.5 GPa. Domain 3, with gray-luminescent images, always surrounds domain 2 and occurs as the outermost zircon rim. It is characterized by low-pressure mineral inclusion assemblages, which are related to regional amphibolite facies retrograde metamorphism of T = 600- 710℃ and P = 0.7-1.2 GPa. The three metamorphic zircon domains have distinct ages; sample H1 from the Dabie terrane yielded SHRIMP ages of 245 ± 4 Ma for domain 1, 235 ± 3 Ma for domain 2 and 215± 6 Ma for domain 3, whereas sample H2 from the Sulu terrane yielded similar ages of 244 ± 4 Ma, 233 ± 4 Ma and 214 ± 5 Ma for Domains 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The mean ages of these zones suggest that subduction to UHP depths took place over 10-11 Ma and exhumation of the rocks occurred over a period of 19-20 Ma. Thus, subduction from - 55 km to 〉 160 km deep mantle depth took place at rates of approximately 9.5-10.5 km/Ma and exhumation from depths 〉160 km to the base of the crust at -30 km occurred at approximately 6.5 km/Ma. We propose a model for these rocks involving deep subduction of continental margin lithosphere followed by ultrafast exhumation driven by buoyancy forces after break-off of the UHP slab deep within the mantle.展开更多
Omphacite grains from UHP eclogite of the Dabie Mountains in eastern China are elongated and show strong lattice preferred orientations (LPOs). Observations by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) identified not...Omphacite grains from UHP eclogite of the Dabie Mountains in eastern China are elongated and show strong lattice preferred orientations (LPOs). Observations by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) identified not only structures of plastic deformation occurring as free dislocation, dislocation loops and dislocation walls, but also bubbles of water present in the deformed omphacite. The bubbles attach to the dislocation loops which are often connected to one another via a common bubble. Using infrared spectroscopy (IR), two types of hydrous components are identified as hydroxyl and free-water in the omphacite. An analysis of deformation mechanism of microstructure in omphacite suggests that the mineral deformed plastically under UHP metamorphic conditions by dislocation creep through hydrolitic weakening.展开更多
The Altun and North Qaidam Mountains at the northern margin of Qinghai\|Tibet plateau are separated by the Altyn Tagh sinistral strike\|slip fault, which is one of the largest strike\|slip fault systems in the world a...The Altun and North Qaidam Mountains at the northern margin of Qinghai\|Tibet plateau are separated by the Altyn Tagh sinistral strike\|slip fault, which is one of the largest strike\|slip fault systems in the world and was considered as the key element in the escape tectonics model for Euraisa\|India continent\|continent collision.Recently,the eclogites within quratzifeldspathic gneisses or pelitic gneisses characterized by amphibolite\|facies paragenesis were discovered in the Altun and the North Qaidam Mountains(Fig.1). They occur as lens or boundins within the Altun Group and Dakendaban Group respectively which previously were considered as metamorphic basement of Tarim block and Qaidam block. Our studies indicate that the eclogites outcrop in both the Altun and North Qaidam Mountains show similar occurrences, associated country rocks, rock and mineral assemblages, p\|T\% estimates, geochemistryand protolith feature and ages of peak metamorphism (see table) . The garnet\|omphacite\|phengite geothermobarometer gave equilibrium condition of \%p\%=2 8～3 0GPa and t =820～850℃ for the Altun eclogite and p =2 8GPa and \%t\%=730℃ for North Qaidam eclogite respectively(Fig..2). These p\|T conditions are in the coesite stability field. Moreover, Po lycrystalline quartz pseudomorphs after coesite have been identified in the Dulan area, North Qaidam Mountains (Song et al, in review). Therefore, these features suggest that both eclogites of Altun and North Qaidam Mountains probably are a same HP\|UHP metamorphic belt formed from the same of Early Paleozoic age deep subduction and collision, and subsequently displaced by the Altyn Tagh fault.The case is similar to the Dabie\|Sulu HP\|UHP metamorphic zone which was truncated by the Tanlu sinistral strike\|slip fault and splitted it into two distincts, the Dabie region and Sulu region. These correlations support an about 350～400km displacement of the Altyn Tagh sinistral strike\|slip fault (Fig.1).展开更多
Whether the HP and UHP metamorphic rocks of the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt are of an "in-situ" or "foreign" origin is a long-standing dispute among geologists. Eclogites preserved today in the HP and...Whether the HP and UHP metamorphic rocks of the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt are of an "in-situ" or "foreign" origin is a long-standing dispute among geologists. Eclogites preserved today in the HP and UHP units constitute merely 5-10%, which are not isolated exotic bodies tectonically intruding into amphibolite facies gneiss, but remnants of once pervasive or widespread eclogite-facies terranes or slabs. The present spatial distribution and forms of the eclogites have resulted from polyphase and progressive deformation and strain partitioning of the HP and UHP slabs. From their formation in deep mantle to their exhumation to the surface, the eclogites have experienced long-term deformation with different strain regimes. The dominant regime responsible for the present spatial distribution and forms of the eclogites is the shear process. The deformation patterns of the eclogites and gneiss matrix also clearly show that the eclogites were metamorphosed in situ. The original distribution area of the eclogites展开更多
Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) analyses have been performed on omphacite from ultra-high pressure (UHP) eclogites at the locality of Shima, Dabie Mo...Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) analyses have been performed on omphacite from ultra-high pressure (UHP) eclogites at the locality of Shima, Dabie Mountains, China. TEM reveals that the microstructures consist dominantly of dislocation substructures, including free dislocations, loops, tiltwalls, dislocation tangles and subboundaries. They were produced by high-temperature ductile deformation, of which the main mechanism was dislocation creep. Antiphase domain (APD) boundaries are common planar defects; an age of 470 ± 6 Ma for UHP eclogite formation has been obtained from the equiaxial size of APDs in ordered omphacites from Shima, coincident with ages given by single-zircon U-Pb dating (471 ± 2 Ma). HRTEM reveals C2/c and P2/n space groups in different parts of one single omphacite crystal, and no exsolution is observed in the studied samples, which is attributed to rapid cooling. It is suggested that the UHP eclogites underwent a long period of annealing at high temperatures, followed by relatively rapid cooling. These data provide valuable information for the formation and exhumation mechanism of UHP eclogites in the Dabie high-pressure (HP) and UHP metamorphic belt.展开更多
Ultra-high pressure（UHP）eclogites that derive from subducted oceanic crust are rarely found at the Earth’s surface because they need to be enclosed in a buoyant host rock such as serpentinites that facilitate exhum...Ultra-high pressure（UHP）eclogites that derive from subducted oceanic crust are rarely found at the Earth’s surface because they need to be enclosed in a buoyant host rock such as serpentinites that facilitate exhumation（Hermann et al.,2000;Guillot et al.,2001）.Under normal subduction geotherms,serpentinites break down just before UHP conditions are reached and therefore most of the exhumed eclogites representing subducted oceanic crust formed under fore-arc conditions.We investigated eclogite blocks enclosed into serpentinites that occur in the southwestern Tianshan oceanic subduction,China.A previous study proved that the serpentinites derive from altered oceanic crust and experienced UHP metamorphism at low temperatures of 510-530°C（Shen et al.,2015）.Three relatively fresh eclogite samples were studied in detail.Sample 129-7 shows the retrograde mineral assemblage of amphibole+biotite+albite+chlorite+minor titanite and peak metamorphic relics of omphacite+garnet±chlorite.Sample C107-23 is mainly composed of amphibole+albite+chlorite+zoisite+muscovite+minor titanite as a retrograde assemblage and garnet+phengite as the peak metamorphic relics with omphacite only found as inclusions in garnet.Similar to sample C107-23,sample C11066 preserves large-grained euhedral to subhedral garnet relics with omphacite inclusions,and epidote,diopside,amphibole,muscovite,chlorite,albite and biotite are in the matrix belong to the retrograde assemblage.These three retrograde eclogite samples were modelled using thermodynamic calculations in the Mn NCKFMSHO（Mn O-Na;O-Ca O-K;O-FeO-Mg O-Al;O;-SiO;-H;O-Fe;O;）system.Based on the peak assemblage of omphacite+garnet and the crossing of the grossular and pyrope isopleths in garnet,peak P-T conditions of;60-470oC,28-29 kbar（129-7）,450-500oC,28-35 kbar（C107-23）,;75-505oC,26-29 kbar（C11066）were calculated.The retrograde assemblages indicate near isothermal decompression resulting in a clockwise P-T evolution of these eclogites.The peak metamorphic pressures at 500°C are well within UHP conditions（coesite stability field）and are within error the same as peak conditions of the host serpentinites（Shen et al.,2015）.This provides evidence that eclogites and serpentinites shared the same evolution.We infer that the subducted low-density serpentinites were assembled with the high-density eclogites during subdution and helped the latter to exhume back to the surface.The studied eclogites thus represent rare examples of relics of oceanic crust that was subducted to sub-arc depth.展开更多
Ultra-high pressure(UHP)eclogites that derive from subducted oceanic crust are rarely found at the Earth’s surface because they need to be enclosed in a buoyant host rock such as serpentinites that facilitate exhumation
Eclogite was firstly discovered at the Da Qaidam region (Yang,et al., 1998), and then in the Xitieshan and Dulan regions in 1999, constituting an over 350km long high\|pressure metamorphic belt in the northeastern Qin...Eclogite was firstly discovered at the Da Qaidam region (Yang,et al., 1998), and then in the Xitieshan and Dulan regions in 1999, constituting an over 350km long high\|pressure metamorphic belt in the northeastern Qinghai—Tibet plateau. Eclogites occur as pods in the garnet\|muscovite gneiss of the Dakendaban Group (or called Shaliuhe Group in Dulan) of Upper Proterozoic age. In general, the pods of eclogite vary in size; most of them are less than 20m×10m, some large ones up to about 100m×50m. The eclogite\|hosted gneiss is pale\|gray in color, consisting mainly plagioclase and quartz, and minor muscovite (5%～10% in vol.) and garnet (1%～2%). Some of the country rocks of eclogite are mica\|quartz\|(feldspar) schist, quartzite, and ultramafic rocks, the latter also occur in blocks.Over 50 pods were found in a belt of 10km×3km in the Da Qaidam region (No.1 location). Only a few pods of eclogite were found in the Xitieshan region in 1999 field expedition (No.2 location). Eclogite in Dulan occurs in the Proterozoic strata of Shaliuhe Group (same as the Dakendaban Group but with a different name). The eclogites in the Dulan region (No.3 location) expose about 10km wide in SN and an unknown length in EW, and can be subdivided into two belts, the North Eclogite Belt of Dulan (NEBD) and the South Eclogite Belt of Dulan (SEBD).展开更多
Coesite inclusions are found in kyanite from the Lanshantou eclogite in the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt. This discovery extends the stable region of kyanite to over 2.4 GPa. As an important UHP meta...Coesite inclusions are found in kyanite from the Lanshantou eclogite in the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt. This discovery extends the stable region of kyanite to over 2.4 GPa. As an important UHP metamorphic belt in China, the Sulu eclogite belt is the product of A-subduction induced by strong compression of the Yellow Sea terrane to the Jiaodong-northereastern Jiangsu terrane during the interaction of the Eurasian plate and Palaeo-Pacific plate in the Indosinian. It stretches about 350 km and contains over 1000 eclogite bodies. Most eclogites in this belt belong to Groups B and C in the classification of Coleman et al., and commonly contain kyanite, while the Lanshantou eclogite belongs to Group A and contains coesite. The MgO, CaO and FeO contents in garnet and pyroxene show regular variation from the core to the rim, which reveals the PTt paths of progressive metamorphism during the Early Mesozoic (240-200 Ma) and retrogressive metamorphism during the Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic exhumation.展开更多
High/ultrahigh-pressure(HP/UHP)metamorphic complexes,such as eclogite and blueschist,are generally regarded as significant signature of paleo-subduction zones and paleo-suture zones.Glaucophane eclogites have been rec...High/ultrahigh-pressure(HP/UHP)metamorphic complexes,such as eclogite and blueschist,are generally regarded as significant signature of paleo-subduction zones and paleo-suture zones.Glaucophane eclogites have been recently identified within the Lancang Group characterized by accretionary mélange in the Changning-Menglian suture zone,at Bangbing in the Shuangjiang area of southeastern Tibetan Plateau.The authors report the result of petrological,mineralogical and metamorphism investigations of these rocks,and discuss their tectonic implications.The eclogites are located within the Suyi blueschist belt and occur as tectonic lenses in coarse-grained garnet muscovite schists.The major mineral assemblage of the eclogites includes garnet,omphacite,glaucophane,phengite,clinozoisite and rutile.Eclogitic garnet contains numerous inclusions,such as omphacite,glaucophane,rutile,and quartz with radial cracks around.Glaucophane and clinozoisite in the matrix have apparent optical and compositional zonation.Four stages of metamorphic evolution can be determined:The prograde blueschist facies(M_(1)),the peak eclogite facies(M_(2)),the decompression blueschist facies(M_(3))and retrograde greenschist facies(M_(4)).Using the Grt-Omp-Phn geothermobarometer,a peak eclogite facies metamorphic P-T condition of 3000–3270 MPa and 617–658℃ was determined,which is typical of low-temperature ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism.The comparison of the geological characteristics of the Bangbing glaucophane eclogites and the Mengku lawsonite-bearing retrograde eclogites indicates that two suites of eclogites may have formed from significantly different depths or localities to create the tectonic mélange in a subduction channel during subduction of the Triassic Changning-Menglian Ocean.The discovery of the Bangbing glaucophane eclogites may represent a new oceanic HP/UHP metamorphic belt in the Changning-Menglian suture zone.展开更多
The present-day observable tectonic framework of the ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) and high-pressure (HP) metamorphic belts in the Dabie-Sulu region was dominantly formed by an extensional process, mostly between 200 and 1...The present-day observable tectonic framework of the ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) and high-pressure (HP) metamorphic belts in the Dabie-Sulu region was dominantly formed by an extensional process, mostly between 200 and 170 Ma, following the Triassic collision between the Sino-Korean and Yangtze cratons. The framework that controls the present spatial distribution of UHP and HP metamorphic rocks in particular displays the typical features of a Cordilleran-type metamorphic core complex, in which at least four regional-scale, shallow-dipping detachment zones are recognized. Each of these detachment zones corresponds to a pressure gap of 0.5 to 2.0 GPa. The detachment zones separate the rocks exposed in the region into several petrotectonic units with different P-T conditions. The geometry and kinematics of both the detachment zones and the petrotectonic units show that the exhumation of UHP and HP metamorphic rocks in the Dabie-Sulu region was achieved, at least in part, by non-coaxial ductile flow in the multi-layered detachment zones, and by coaxial vertical shortening and horizontal stretching in the metamorphic units, under amphibolite- to greenschist-facies conditions, and in an extensional regime. All ductile extensional deformations occurred at depths below 10 to 15 km, i.e. below the brittle/ductile deformation transition.展开更多
The Dabie metamorphic terrane is tectonically located within the intersection area of the WNW trending east Qinling orogenic belt with the NNE trending west Pacific domain. The Punctuated multistage convergent movemen...The Dabie metamorphic terrane is tectonically located within the intersection area of the WNW trending east Qinling orogenic belt with the NNE trending west Pacific domain. The Punctuated multistage convergent movement and the emplacemeat of YanShanian granitoid intrusions account for the complication of its tectonic framework. The Dabie metamorphic complex is composed of 3 units: supracrustals of early Precambrian age, granite gneiss and metamorphic magic rocks of lats Precambrian age. Three major metsmorphic Stages can be traced, i. e. granulite factes, amphibolite facies of Precambrian and the HP/ LT epidote amphibolite and greenschist facies of Phanerozoic. The Hong'an Group underlying the Dabie complex shows epidote amphibolite facies which is probably synchronous with the amphibolite facies of the Dabie complex. The Protolith of the HP and UHP eclogiter are diversided. The amphibole, epidote and other mineral inclusions within the eclogite minerals testify to the earlier history of Pre-eclogitic metamorphism. The peak metamorphic assemblage coesite-omphacite-garnet is superimposed by amphibolite, epidote amphibolite and greenschist facies of retrograde metamorphism. In many regions the eclogites appear as pods, lenses and layers within ductile shear zones having synkinematic greenschist or epidote amphibolite facies of retrograde metamorphism. The Sm-Nd isochron of whole rock and garnet combined with Ph-Ph dating of zircon crystals from Mifengjian eclogite block in Hubei suggest that the UHI, metamorphism probably took Place nearly 480 Ma Which evideoces one of the most important tertono-thermal events of the punctuated evolution in the Dabie terrane.展开更多
基金the National 973 Project of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology （Grant No. 2003CB716502） the Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No. 40399143） +1 种基金 the German Science Foundation （DFG grant No. GE 1152/2-2 , WE2850/3- 1）.
文摘Eclogite lenses in marbles from the Dabie-Sulu ultrahigh-pressure （UHP） terrane are deeply subducted meta-sedimentary rocks. Zircons in these rocks have been used to constrain the ages of prograde and UHP metamorphism during subduction, and later retrograde metamorphism during exhumation. Inherited （detrital） and metamorphic zircons were distinguished on the basis of transmitted light microscopy, cathodoluminescence （CL） imaging, trace element contents and mineral inclusions. The distribution of mineral inclusions combined with CL imaging of the metamorphic zircon make it possible to relate zircon zones （domains） to different metamorphic stages. Domain 1 consists of rounded, oblong and spindly cores with dark-luminescent images, and contains quartz eclogite facies mineral inclusion assemblages, indicating formation under high-pressure （HP） metamorphic conditions of T = 571-668℃ and P =1.7-2.02 GPa. Domain 2 always surrounds domain 1 or occurs as rounded and spindly cores with white-luminescent images. It contains coesite eclogite facies mineral inclusion assemblages, indicating formation under UHP metamorphic conditions of T = 782-849℃ and P 〉 5.5 GPa. Domain 3, with gray-luminescent images, always surrounds domain 2 and occurs as the outermost zircon rim. It is characterized by low-pressure mineral inclusion assemblages, which are related to regional amphibolite facies retrograde metamorphism of T = 600- 710℃ and P = 0.7-1.2 GPa. The three metamorphic zircon domains have distinct ages; sample H1 from the Dabie terrane yielded SHRIMP ages of 245 ± 4 Ma for domain 1, 235 ± 3 Ma for domain 2 and 215± 6 Ma for domain 3, whereas sample H2 from the Sulu terrane yielded similar ages of 244 ± 4 Ma, 233 ± 4 Ma and 214 ± 5 Ma for Domains 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The mean ages of these zones suggest that subduction to UHP depths took place over 10-11 Ma and exhumation of the rocks occurred over a period of 19-20 Ma. Thus, subduction from - 55 km to 〉 160 km deep mantle depth took place at rates of approximately 9.5-10.5 km/Ma and exhumation from depths 〉160 km to the base of the crust at -30 km occurred at approximately 6.5 km/Ma. We propose a model for these rocks involving deep subduction of continental margin lithosphere followed by ultrafast exhumation driven by buoyancy forces after break-off of the UHP slab deep within the mantle.
基金funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(No.G19990755-01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China,the Chinese Academy of Sciences Wong K.C.Post-doctoral Research Award Fund and the State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposits,Nanjing University
文摘Omphacite grains from UHP eclogite of the Dabie Mountains in eastern China are elongated and show strong lattice preferred orientations (LPOs). Observations by the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) identified not only structures of plastic deformation occurring as free dislocation, dislocation loops and dislocation walls, but also bubbles of water present in the deformed omphacite. The bubbles attach to the dislocation loops which are often connected to one another via a common bubble. Using infrared spectroscopy (IR), two types of hydrous components are identified as hydroxyl and free-water in the omphacite. An analysis of deformation mechanism of microstructure in omphacite suggests that the mineral deformed plastically under UHP metamorphic conditions by dislocation creep through hydrolitic weakening.
文摘The Altun and North Qaidam Mountains at the northern margin of Qinghai\|Tibet plateau are separated by the Altyn Tagh sinistral strike\|slip fault, which is one of the largest strike\|slip fault systems in the world and was considered as the key element in the escape tectonics model for Euraisa\|India continent\|continent collision.Recently,the eclogites within quratzifeldspathic gneisses or pelitic gneisses characterized by amphibolite\|facies paragenesis were discovered in the Altun and the North Qaidam Mountains(Fig.1). They occur as lens or boundins within the Altun Group and Dakendaban Group respectively which previously were considered as metamorphic basement of Tarim block and Qaidam block. Our studies indicate that the eclogites outcrop in both the Altun and North Qaidam Mountains show similar occurrences, associated country rocks, rock and mineral assemblages, p\|T\% estimates, geochemistryand protolith feature and ages of peak metamorphism (see table) . The garnet\|omphacite\|phengite geothermobarometer gave equilibrium condition of \%p\%=2 8～3 0GPa and t =820～850℃ for the Altun eclogite and p =2 8GPa and \%t\%=730℃ for North Qaidam eclogite respectively(Fig..2). These p\|T conditions are in the coesite stability field. Moreover, Po lycrystalline quartz pseudomorphs after coesite have been identified in the Dulan area, North Qaidam Mountains (Song et al, in review). Therefore, these features suggest that both eclogites of Altun and North Qaidam Mountains probably are a same HP\|UHP metamorphic belt formed from the same of Early Paleozoic age deep subduction and collision, and subsequently displaced by the Altyn Tagh fault.The case is similar to the Dabie\|Sulu HP\|UHP metamorphic zone which was truncated by the Tanlu sinistral strike\|slip fault and splitted it into two distincts, the Dabie region and Sulu region. These correlations support an about 350～400km displacement of the Altyn Tagh sinistral strike\|slip fault (Fig.1).
基金support from the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China(No:G1999075506)the Ministry of Land and Resources(No.20001010203).
文摘Whether the HP and UHP metamorphic rocks of the Dabie-Sulu orogenic belt are of an "in-situ" or "foreign" origin is a long-standing dispute among geologists. Eclogites preserved today in the HP and UHP units constitute merely 5-10%, which are not isolated exotic bodies tectonically intruding into amphibolite facies gneiss, but remnants of once pervasive or widespread eclogite-facies terranes or slabs. The present spatial distribution and forms of the eclogites have resulted from polyphase and progressive deformation and strain partitioning of the HP and UHP slabs. From their formation in deep mantle to their exhumation to the surface, the eclogites have experienced long-term deformation with different strain regimes. The dominant regime responsible for the present spatial distribution and forms of the eclogites is the shear process. The deformation patterns of the eclogites and gneiss matrix also clearly show that the eclogites were metamorphosed in situ. The original distribution area of the eclogites
基金This work was supported by the Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China(Project No.9349101)National Natural Science Foundation of China grants 49572146 and 49872069.
文摘Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM) analyses have been performed on omphacite from ultra-high pressure (UHP) eclogites at the locality of Shima, Dabie Mountains, China. TEM reveals that the microstructures consist dominantly of dislocation substructures, including free dislocations, loops, tiltwalls, dislocation tangles and subboundaries. They were produced by high-temperature ductile deformation, of which the main mechanism was dislocation creep. Antiphase domain (APD) boundaries are common planar defects; an age of 470 ± 6 Ma for UHP eclogite formation has been obtained from the equiaxial size of APDs in ordered omphacites from Shima, coincident with ages given by single-zircon U-Pb dating (471 ± 2 Ma). HRTEM reveals C2/c and P2/n space groups in different parts of one single omphacite crystal, and no exsolution is observed in the studied samples, which is attributed to rapid cooling. It is suggested that the UHP eclogites underwent a long period of annealing at high temperatures, followed by relatively rapid cooling. These data provide valuable information for the formation and exhumation mechanism of UHP eclogites in the Dabie high-pressure (HP) and UHP metamorphic belt.
文摘Ultra-high pressure（UHP）eclogites that derive from subducted oceanic crust are rarely found at the Earth’s surface because they need to be enclosed in a buoyant host rock such as serpentinites that facilitate exhumation（Hermann et al.,2000;Guillot et al.,2001）.Under normal subduction geotherms,serpentinites break down just before UHP conditions are reached and therefore most of the exhumed eclogites representing subducted oceanic crust formed under fore-arc conditions.We investigated eclogite blocks enclosed into serpentinites that occur in the southwestern Tianshan oceanic subduction,China.A previous study proved that the serpentinites derive from altered oceanic crust and experienced UHP metamorphism at low temperatures of 510-530°C（Shen et al.,2015）.Three relatively fresh eclogite samples were studied in detail.Sample 129-7 shows the retrograde mineral assemblage of amphibole+biotite+albite+chlorite+minor titanite and peak metamorphic relics of omphacite+garnet±chlorite.Sample C107-23 is mainly composed of amphibole+albite+chlorite+zoisite+muscovite+minor titanite as a retrograde assemblage and garnet+phengite as the peak metamorphic relics with omphacite only found as inclusions in garnet.Similar to sample C107-23,sample C11066 preserves large-grained euhedral to subhedral garnet relics with omphacite inclusions,and epidote,diopside,amphibole,muscovite,chlorite,albite and biotite are in the matrix belong to the retrograde assemblage.These three retrograde eclogite samples were modelled using thermodynamic calculations in the Mn NCKFMSHO（Mn O-Na;O-Ca O-K;O-FeO-Mg O-Al;O;-SiO;-H;O-Fe;O;）system.Based on the peak assemblage of omphacite+garnet and the crossing of the grossular and pyrope isopleths in garnet,peak P-T conditions of;60-470oC,28-29 kbar（129-7）,450-500oC,28-35 kbar（C107-23）,;75-505oC,26-29 kbar（C11066）were calculated.The retrograde assemblages indicate near isothermal decompression resulting in a clockwise P-T evolution of these eclogites.The peak metamorphic pressures at 500°C are well within UHP conditions（coesite stability field）and are within error the same as peak conditions of the host serpentinites（Shen et al.,2015）.This provides evidence that eclogites and serpentinites shared the same evolution.We infer that the subducted low-density serpentinites were assembled with the high-density eclogites during subdution and helped the latter to exhume back to the surface.The studied eclogites thus represent rare examples of relics of oceanic crust that was subducted to sub-arc depth.
文摘Ultra-high pressure(UHP)eclogites that derive from subducted oceanic crust are rarely found at the Earth’s surface because they need to be enclosed in a buoyant host rock such as serpentinites that facilitate exhumation
文摘Eclogite was firstly discovered at the Da Qaidam region (Yang,et al., 1998), and then in the Xitieshan and Dulan regions in 1999, constituting an over 350km long high\|pressure metamorphic belt in the northeastern Qinghai—Tibet plateau. Eclogites occur as pods in the garnet\|muscovite gneiss of the Dakendaban Group (or called Shaliuhe Group in Dulan) of Upper Proterozoic age. In general, the pods of eclogite vary in size; most of them are less than 20m×10m, some large ones up to about 100m×50m. The eclogite\|hosted gneiss is pale\|gray in color, consisting mainly plagioclase and quartz, and minor muscovite (5%～10% in vol.) and garnet (1%～2%). Some of the country rocks of eclogite are mica\|quartz\|(feldspar) schist, quartzite, and ultramafic rocks, the latter also occur in blocks.Over 50 pods were found in a belt of 10km×3km in the Da Qaidam region (No.1 location). Only a few pods of eclogite were found in the Xitieshan region in 1999 field expedition (No.2 location). Eclogite in Dulan occurs in the Proterozoic strata of Shaliuhe Group (same as the Dakendaban Group but with a different name). The eclogites in the Dulan region (No.3 location) expose about 10km wide in SN and an unknown length in EW, and can be subdivided into two belts, the North Eclogite Belt of Dulan (NEBD) and the South Eclogite Belt of Dulan (SEBD).
文摘Coesite inclusions are found in kyanite from the Lanshantou eclogite in the Sulu ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic belt. This discovery extends the stable region of kyanite to over 2.4 GPa. As an important UHP metamorphic belt in China, the Sulu eclogite belt is the product of A-subduction induced by strong compression of the Yellow Sea terrane to the Jiaodong-northereastern Jiangsu terrane during the interaction of the Eurasian plate and Palaeo-Pacific plate in the Indosinian. It stretches about 350 km and contains over 1000 eclogite bodies. Most eclogites in this belt belong to Groups B and C in the classification of Coleman et al., and commonly contain kyanite, while the Lanshantou eclogite belongs to Group A and contains coesite. The MgO, CaO and FeO contents in garnet and pyroxene show regular variation from the core to the rim, which reveals the PTt paths of progressive metamorphism during the Early Mesozoic (240-200 Ma) and retrogressive metamorphism during the Late Mesozoic and Cenozoic exhumation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(92055314 and 41602091)the geological survey project of China Geological Survey(DD20160016).
文摘High/ultrahigh-pressure(HP/UHP)metamorphic complexes,such as eclogite and blueschist,are generally regarded as significant signature of paleo-subduction zones and paleo-suture zones.Glaucophane eclogites have been recently identified within the Lancang Group characterized by accretionary mélange in the Changning-Menglian suture zone,at Bangbing in the Shuangjiang area of southeastern Tibetan Plateau.The authors report the result of petrological,mineralogical and metamorphism investigations of these rocks,and discuss their tectonic implications.The eclogites are located within the Suyi blueschist belt and occur as tectonic lenses in coarse-grained garnet muscovite schists.The major mineral assemblage of the eclogites includes garnet,omphacite,glaucophane,phengite,clinozoisite and rutile.Eclogitic garnet contains numerous inclusions,such as omphacite,glaucophane,rutile,and quartz with radial cracks around.Glaucophane and clinozoisite in the matrix have apparent optical and compositional zonation.Four stages of metamorphic evolution can be determined:The prograde blueschist facies(M_(1)),the peak eclogite facies(M_(2)),the decompression blueschist facies(M_(3))and retrograde greenschist facies(M_(4)).Using the Grt-Omp-Phn geothermobarometer,a peak eclogite facies metamorphic P-T condition of 3000–3270 MPa and 617–658℃ was determined,which is typical of low-temperature ultrahigh-pressure metamorphism.The comparison of the geological characteristics of the Bangbing glaucophane eclogites and the Mengku lawsonite-bearing retrograde eclogites indicates that two suites of eclogites may have formed from significantly different depths or localities to create the tectonic mélange in a subduction channel during subduction of the Triassic Changning-Menglian Ocean.The discovery of the Bangbing glaucophane eclogites may represent a new oceanic HP/UHP metamorphic belt in the Changning-Menglian suture zone.
基金This study was supported by the Key State Basic Research Development Project grant G1999075506the National Natural Science Foundation of China grants 49794041,49972067 and 49772146the former Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources Project No.9501102.
文摘The present-day observable tectonic framework of the ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) and high-pressure (HP) metamorphic belts in the Dabie-Sulu region was dominantly formed by an extensional process, mostly between 200 and 170 Ma, following the Triassic collision between the Sino-Korean and Yangtze cratons. The framework that controls the present spatial distribution of UHP and HP metamorphic rocks in particular displays the typical features of a Cordilleran-type metamorphic core complex, in which at least four regional-scale, shallow-dipping detachment zones are recognized. Each of these detachment zones corresponds to a pressure gap of 0.5 to 2.0 GPa. The detachment zones separate the rocks exposed in the region into several petrotectonic units with different P-T conditions. The geometry and kinematics of both the detachment zones and the petrotectonic units show that the exhumation of UHP and HP metamorphic rocks in the Dabie-Sulu region was achieved, at least in part, by non-coaxial ductile flow in the multi-layered detachment zones, and by coaxial vertical shortening and horizontal stretching in the metamorphic units, under amphibolite- to greenschist-facies conditions, and in an extensional regime. All ductile extensional deformations occurred at depths below 10 to 15 km, i.e. below the brittle/ductile deformation transition.
文摘The Dabie metamorphic terrane is tectonically located within the intersection area of the WNW trending east Qinling orogenic belt with the NNE trending west Pacific domain. The Punctuated multistage convergent movement and the emplacemeat of YanShanian granitoid intrusions account for the complication of its tectonic framework. The Dabie metamorphic complex is composed of 3 units: supracrustals of early Precambrian age, granite gneiss and metamorphic magic rocks of lats Precambrian age. Three major metsmorphic Stages can be traced, i. e. granulite factes, amphibolite facies of Precambrian and the HP/ LT epidote amphibolite and greenschist facies of Phanerozoic. The Hong'an Group underlying the Dabie complex shows epidote amphibolite facies which is probably synchronous with the amphibolite facies of the Dabie complex. The Protolith of the HP and UHP eclogiter are diversided. The amphibole, epidote and other mineral inclusions within the eclogite minerals testify to the earlier history of Pre-eclogitic metamorphism. The peak metamorphic assemblage coesite-omphacite-garnet is superimposed by amphibolite, epidote amphibolite and greenschist facies of retrograde metamorphism. In many regions the eclogites appear as pods, lenses and layers within ductile shear zones having synkinematic greenschist or epidote amphibolite facies of retrograde metamorphism. The Sm-Nd isochron of whole rock and garnet combined with Ph-Ph dating of zircon crystals from Mifengjian eclogite block in Hubei suggest that the UHI, metamorphism probably took Place nearly 480 Ma Which evideoces one of the most important tertono-thermal events of the punctuated evolution in the Dabie terrane.
