In this study, the capability of two different types of models including Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran (HSPF) as a process-based model and ANN as a data-driven model in simulating runoff was evaluated. The c...In this study, the capability of two different types of models including Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran (HSPF) as a process-based model and ANN as a data-driven model in simulating runoff was evaluated. The considered area is the Balkhichai River watershed in northwest of Iran. HSPF is a semi-distributed deterministic, continuous and physically-based model that can simulate the hydrologic cycle, associated water quality and quantity and process on pervious and impervious land surfaces and streams. Artificial neural network (ANN) is probably the most successful learning machine technique with flexible mathematical structure which is capable of identifying complex non-linear relationships between input and output data without attempting to reach the understanding of the nature of the phenomena. Statistical approach depending on cross-, auto- and partial-autocorrelation of the observed data is used as a good alternative to the trial and error method in identifying model inputs. The performances of ANN and HSPF models in calibration and validation stages are compared with the observed runoff values in order to identify the best fit forecasting model based upon a number of selected performance criteria. Results of runoff simulation indicated that the simulated runoff by ANN was generally closer to the observed values than those predicted by HSPF.展开更多
Whether mining activity results in reduced flow of surface water in the Peace River Watershed of Florida has been the subject of much debate. With increased dependence of downstream users on surface water flow of the ...Whether mining activity results in reduced flow of surface water in the Peace River Watershed of Florida has been the subject of much debate. With increased dependence of downstream users on surface water flow of the Peace River as a source of drinking water for four coastal counties in Southwest Florida and problems of water security, the debate has been intensified. It is possible to assess relationships of mining with streamflow in the upper reaches of the Peace River Basin using hydrologic modeling and identify mined sub-basins. In this work, land-use change impacts were simulated by the Hydrological Simulation Program—Fortran(HSPF) model based on geographical information system(GIS) tools, to compare pre- and post-mining streamflows at a study site of the Peace River in west-central Florida. The purpose of this study was to determine if land-use changes caused by mining have negatively impacted streamflow in the Peace River. Changes of land use were identified before and after mining activities. A coupled volume-water depth-discharge(V-h-Q) model based on stage/storage and stage/discharge was applied using HSPF for the pre-mining and post-mining models, respectively. Daily simulated post-mining hydrographs from HSPF were plotted with the calibrated pre-mining results and streamflow hydrographs from the 18 gauging stations, to compare timing of peaks, low flows and flow trends. Analyses of percent exceedances of flow frequency curves of the streams indicated that most streams had similar distributions for mined(reclaimed) and premining periods. In the streamflow change analysis, streamflows actually increased in mining-affected basins at nearly half the stations. Streamflows at other stations diminished. Overall from this comprehensive study, there were declines in streamflow at most gauging stations on the mainstem of the Peace River and its tributaries. The results of this study suggest that regional planning is urgently needed to propose reclamation schemes that enhance regional hydrology.展开更多
地表水体遵循着水平衡原理和水循环原理,导致我国水资源短缺,主要原因之一是水资源污染问题,水体污染程度随着工农业生产和经济发展速度的加快不断加剧,在此背景下本文提出生态补偿下区域水环境非点源污染治理技术。首先在BASINS平台中...地表水体遵循着水平衡原理和水循环原理,导致我国水资源短缺,主要原因之一是水资源污染问题,水体污染程度随着工农业生产和经济发展速度的加快不断加剧,在此背景下本文提出生态补偿下区域水环境非点源污染治理技术。首先在BASINS平台中构建了HSPF(hydrological simulation program fortran)水文模型,然后采用HSPF水文模型对区域水环境的非点源污染情况展开分析,包括非点源污染负荷总量以及污染负荷量时间分布情况,最后在生态补偿理念下根据分析结果提出生态施肥技术、水土保持技术、固体废物和污水处理技术,治理区域水环境的非点源污染。展开更多
文摘In this study, the capability of two different types of models including Hydrological Simulation Program-Fortran (HSPF) as a process-based model and ANN as a data-driven model in simulating runoff was evaluated. The considered area is the Balkhichai River watershed in northwest of Iran. HSPF is a semi-distributed deterministic, continuous and physically-based model that can simulate the hydrologic cycle, associated water quality and quantity and process on pervious and impervious land surfaces and streams. Artificial neural network (ANN) is probably the most successful learning machine technique with flexible mathematical structure which is capable of identifying complex non-linear relationships between input and output data without attempting to reach the understanding of the nature of the phenomena. Statistical approach depending on cross-, auto- and partial-autocorrelation of the observed data is used as a good alternative to the trial and error method in identifying model inputs. The performances of ANN and HSPF models in calibration and validation stages are compared with the observed runoff values in order to identify the best fit forecasting model based upon a number of selected performance criteria. Results of runoff simulation indicated that the simulated runoff by ANN was generally closer to the observed values than those predicted by HSPF.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.41271004)Beijing Municipal Science &Technology New Star Project Funds(No.2010B046)
文摘Whether mining activity results in reduced flow of surface water in the Peace River Watershed of Florida has been the subject of much debate. With increased dependence of downstream users on surface water flow of the Peace River as a source of drinking water for four coastal counties in Southwest Florida and problems of water security, the debate has been intensified. It is possible to assess relationships of mining with streamflow in the upper reaches of the Peace River Basin using hydrologic modeling and identify mined sub-basins. In this work, land-use change impacts were simulated by the Hydrological Simulation Program—Fortran(HSPF) model based on geographical information system(GIS) tools, to compare pre- and post-mining streamflows at a study site of the Peace River in west-central Florida. The purpose of this study was to determine if land-use changes caused by mining have negatively impacted streamflow in the Peace River. Changes of land use were identified before and after mining activities. A coupled volume-water depth-discharge(V-h-Q) model based on stage/storage and stage/discharge was applied using HSPF for the pre-mining and post-mining models, respectively. Daily simulated post-mining hydrographs from HSPF were plotted with the calibrated pre-mining results and streamflow hydrographs from the 18 gauging stations, to compare timing of peaks, low flows and flow trends. Analyses of percent exceedances of flow frequency curves of the streams indicated that most streams had similar distributions for mined(reclaimed) and premining periods. In the streamflow change analysis, streamflows actually increased in mining-affected basins at nearly half the stations. Streamflows at other stations diminished. Overall from this comprehensive study, there were declines in streamflow at most gauging stations on the mainstem of the Peace River and its tributaries. The results of this study suggest that regional planning is urgently needed to propose reclamation schemes that enhance regional hydrology.
文摘地表水体遵循着水平衡原理和水循环原理,导致我国水资源短缺,主要原因之一是水资源污染问题,水体污染程度随着工农业生产和经济发展速度的加快不断加剧,在此背景下本文提出生态补偿下区域水环境非点源污染治理技术。首先在BASINS平台中构建了HSPF(hydrological simulation program fortran)水文模型,然后采用HSPF水文模型对区域水环境的非点源污染情况展开分析,包括非点源污染负荷总量以及污染负荷量时间分布情况,最后在生态补偿理念下根据分析结果提出生态施肥技术、水土保持技术、固体废物和污水处理技术,治理区域水环境的非点源污染。
