通过比较不同杀菌处理(超高压Ultra-high pressure,UHP和高温短时High temperature short-time,HTST)的猕猴桃非浓缩还原汁(Not From Concentrate,NFC)贮藏期(4℃,4周)品质的变化,为明确NFC果汁产品杀菌方式提供理论依据。以海沃德猕猴...通过比较不同杀菌处理(超高压Ultra-high pressure,UHP和高温短时High temperature short-time,HTST)的猕猴桃非浓缩还原汁(Not From Concentrate,NFC)贮藏期(4℃,4周)品质的变化,为明确NFC果汁产品杀菌方式提供理论依据。以海沃德猕猴桃为原料制备NFC果汁,利用化学、微生物学等方法及GC-MS手段研究了两种杀菌处理(UHP,400 MPa,15 min;HTST,95℃,30 s)的NFC猕猴桃汁贮藏期的理化与营养、微生物、抗氧化活性及香气物质的变化。结果表明,UHP与HTST杀菌的NFC果汁VC与总糖含量分别减少为14.89%、18.96%和16.03%、18.62%;UHP处理贮藏期果汁的pH、可溶性固形物、总酸含量变化均较小,HTST杀菌的NFC猕猴桃果汁变色大于UHP。UHP与HTST处理的NFC果汁均有100%杀菌率,但贮藏期HTST杀菌NFC果汁微生物指标好于UHP处理。贮藏期UHP与HTST处理NFC果汁对DPPH、ABTS自由基的清除率下降,第4周分别为79%和74%、78%和74%。UHP处理后NFC果汁香气物质中醇类和酯类的种类和含量(4.75%,2.53%)降低,酮类和醛类物质的种类和含量(6.10%,27.38%)增加;HTST处理后醇类物质含量降低5.14%,种类增加;酮类、醛类物质的种类和含量(8.14%,26.39%)增加。试验说明UHP处理的猕猴桃NFC果汁在4℃贮藏3周其色泽、营养、香气与抗氧化活性的保留率高于HTST杀菌,最大限度地保持猕猴桃NFC果汁品质;该研究结果可为NFC果汁生产与货架期的确定提供试验依据。展开更多
[Objectives]To explore the effects of different sterilization conditions on nutrition and flavor of apple vinegar.[Methods]Five kinds of high temperature short time(HTST)sterilization conditions were selected to treat...[Objectives]To explore the effects of different sterilization conditions on nutrition and flavor of apple vinegar.[Methods]Five kinds of high temperature short time(HTST)sterilization conditions were selected to treat apple vinegar,and the volatile aroma components and the content of active components in apple vinegar before and after sterilization were analyzed.[Results]Compared with the control,the contents of total acid and malic acid in the samples after sterilization changed little,but the contents of citric acid increased significantly(P<0.01),and the contents of total phenols,ascorbic acid and total flavonoids decreased.Ethyl acetate,isopentyl acetate,ethyl caprylate,phenethyl acetate,1-pentanol,phenylethyl alcohol,acetic acid,and sec-butyl ether were the characteristic aroma components which contributed to the flavor of apple vinegar.As sterilization temperature increased,the content of esters decreased,while the content of acids,alcohols and aldehydes increased.The contents of nutrition,active components and volatile aroma components in apple vinegar under 100℃and 30 s sterilization conditions had little change compared with other sterilization conditions,so 100℃and 30 s were the optimal sterilization conditions.[Conclusions]Under different sterilization conditions,the content of flavor components in apple vinegar will change greatly,which will affect the quality of apple vinegar.展开更多
比较了超高压(high pressure processing,HPP,550 MPa/2 min)和高温短时(high temperature short time,HTST,95℃/15 s)杀菌对樱桃汁中微生物、总酚、维生素C、花色苷、抗氧化能力以及感官品质的影响,并分析了4℃贮藏樱桃汁品质变化。...比较了超高压(high pressure processing,HPP,550 MPa/2 min)和高温短时(high temperature short time,HTST,95℃/15 s)杀菌对樱桃汁中微生物、总酚、维生素C、花色苷、抗氧化能力以及感官品质的影响,并分析了4℃贮藏樱桃汁品质变化。结果表明:樱桃汁经过HPP和HTST杀菌后细菌总数小于100 CFU/m L、霉菌和酵母菌未检出,两者对樱桃汁均具有较好的杀菌效果;两种方式杀菌后樱桃汁中绿原酸和矢车菊素-3-芸香糖苷含量显著降低(p<0.05),HPP樱桃汁中绿原酸与矢车菊素-3-芸香糖苷保留率分别为95.4%±8.0%和77.7%±13.8%,显著高于HTST樱桃汁(p<0.05)。HPP对樱桃汁果胶、总酚、维生素C、天竺葵素-3,5二葡萄糖苷含量无影响,儿茶酚含量提高了4.6%;HTST降低了樱桃汁果胶、总酚、儿茶酚、维生素C、天竺葵素-3,5二葡萄糖苷的含量;两种果汁抗氧化能力无显著变化(p>0.05)。HPP樱桃汁在香气、滋味、颜色方面比HTST樱桃汁具有更好的感官品质。4℃冷藏期间,两种樱桃汁中细菌总数缓慢升高,但霉菌与酵母菌仍未检出;HPP樱桃汁中总酚、绿原酸、儿茶酚、维生素C、矢车菊素-3-芸香糖苷含量以及抗氧化能力均高于HTST樱桃汁。因此,HPP樱桃汁保持了更好的品质。展开更多
通过感官评价,综合基本理化指标得出了一种较优的绿色复合果蔬汁的配方,并对比超高压(high hydrostatic pressure,HHP)和高温短时杀菌(high temperature short time,HTST)处理前后及其在4℃贮藏过程中的杀菌效果和理化品质变化。结果表...通过感官评价,综合基本理化指标得出了一种较优的绿色复合果蔬汁的配方,并对比超高压(high hydrostatic pressure,HHP)和高温短时杀菌(high temperature short time,HTST)处理前后及其在4℃贮藏过程中的杀菌效果和理化品质变化。结果表明:对复合果蔬汁分别进行HHP(600 MPa/5 min)处理和HTST杀菌(86℃/15 s)处理后,果蔬汁中菌落总数从5.18 lg CFU/mL,下降至1.07 lg CFU/mL和1.11 lg CFU/mL,霉菌酵母、乳杆菌和嗜冷菌均未检出,达到国家要求的果蔬汁卫生标准; HHP处理后的果蔬汁总酚含量为43.645μg/mL,显著高于HTST绿色复合果蔬汁;与HTST处理相比,HHP处理可以更好地保持复合果蔬汁的悬浮稳定性、色泽和抗氧化性等营养和品质指标。在4℃,15 d的贮藏期间,经HHP处理和HTST杀菌后的复合果蔬汁微生物指标均未超出国家卫生标准,且经HHP处理后的复合果蔬汁的悬浮稳定性、色泽品质、总酚含量和抗氧化能力等各项品质指标均优于HTST杀菌组。因此,HHP绿色复合果蔬汁保持了更好的品质。展开更多
文摘通过比较不同杀菌处理(超高压Ultra-high pressure,UHP和高温短时High temperature short-time,HTST)的猕猴桃非浓缩还原汁(Not From Concentrate,NFC)贮藏期(4℃,4周)品质的变化,为明确NFC果汁产品杀菌方式提供理论依据。以海沃德猕猴桃为原料制备NFC果汁,利用化学、微生物学等方法及GC-MS手段研究了两种杀菌处理(UHP,400 MPa,15 min;HTST,95℃,30 s)的NFC猕猴桃汁贮藏期的理化与营养、微生物、抗氧化活性及香气物质的变化。结果表明,UHP与HTST杀菌的NFC果汁VC与总糖含量分别减少为14.89%、18.96%和16.03%、18.62%;UHP处理贮藏期果汁的pH、可溶性固形物、总酸含量变化均较小,HTST杀菌的NFC猕猴桃果汁变色大于UHP。UHP与HTST处理的NFC果汁均有100%杀菌率,但贮藏期HTST杀菌NFC果汁微生物指标好于UHP处理。贮藏期UHP与HTST处理NFC果汁对DPPH、ABTS自由基的清除率下降,第4周分别为79%和74%、78%和74%。UHP处理后NFC果汁香气物质中醇类和酯类的种类和含量(4.75%,2.53%)降低,酮类和醛类物质的种类和含量(6.10%,27.38%)增加;HTST处理后醇类物质含量降低5.14%,种类增加;酮类、醛类物质的种类和含量(8.14%,26.39%)增加。试验说明UHP处理的猕猴桃NFC果汁在4℃贮藏3周其色泽、营养、香气与抗氧化活性的保留率高于HTST杀菌,最大限度地保持猕猴桃NFC果汁品质;该研究结果可为NFC果汁生产与货架期的确定提供试验依据。
基金Supported by Taishan Industrial Leading Talent Project (Efficient Ecological Agriculture Innovation) (LJNY202001)Science and Technology R&D Project of Longkou City in Shandong Province (2021KJJH028)Science and Technology Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Innovation Capability Improvement Project in Shandong Province (2023 TS GC0906).
文摘[Objectives]To explore the effects of different sterilization conditions on nutrition and flavor of apple vinegar.[Methods]Five kinds of high temperature short time(HTST)sterilization conditions were selected to treat apple vinegar,and the volatile aroma components and the content of active components in apple vinegar before and after sterilization were analyzed.[Results]Compared with the control,the contents of total acid and malic acid in the samples after sterilization changed little,but the contents of citric acid increased significantly(P<0.01),and the contents of total phenols,ascorbic acid and total flavonoids decreased.Ethyl acetate,isopentyl acetate,ethyl caprylate,phenethyl acetate,1-pentanol,phenylethyl alcohol,acetic acid,and sec-butyl ether were the characteristic aroma components which contributed to the flavor of apple vinegar.As sterilization temperature increased,the content of esters decreased,while the content of acids,alcohols and aldehydes increased.The contents of nutrition,active components and volatile aroma components in apple vinegar under 100℃and 30 s sterilization conditions had little change compared with other sterilization conditions,so 100℃and 30 s were the optimal sterilization conditions.[Conclusions]Under different sterilization conditions,the content of flavor components in apple vinegar will change greatly,which will affect the quality of apple vinegar.
文摘通过感官评价,综合基本理化指标得出了一种较优的绿色复合果蔬汁的配方,并对比超高压(high hydrostatic pressure,HHP)和高温短时杀菌(high temperature short time,HTST)处理前后及其在4℃贮藏过程中的杀菌效果和理化品质变化。结果表明:对复合果蔬汁分别进行HHP(600 MPa/5 min)处理和HTST杀菌(86℃/15 s)处理后,果蔬汁中菌落总数从5.18 lg CFU/mL,下降至1.07 lg CFU/mL和1.11 lg CFU/mL,霉菌酵母、乳杆菌和嗜冷菌均未检出,达到国家要求的果蔬汁卫生标准; HHP处理后的果蔬汁总酚含量为43.645μg/mL,显著高于HTST绿色复合果蔬汁;与HTST处理相比,HHP处理可以更好地保持复合果蔬汁的悬浮稳定性、色泽和抗氧化性等营养和品质指标。在4℃,15 d的贮藏期间,经HHP处理和HTST杀菌后的复合果蔬汁微生物指标均未超出国家卫生标准,且经HHP处理后的复合果蔬汁的悬浮稳定性、色泽品质、总酚含量和抗氧化能力等各项品质指标均优于HTST杀菌组。因此,HHP绿色复合果蔬汁保持了更好的品质。