High Yield Cultivation and Pest Control Technology of Cashew

In order to enhance the yield and quality of cashew,it is essential to implement high-yield cultivation techniques effectively throughout the production process.Additionally,pest control measures should be employed to provide technical support for the industrialized development of cashew.

Cotton cultivation technology with Chinese characteristics has driven the 70-year development of cotton production in China

Since the founding of the People’s Republic of China in 1949,significant achievements have been made in cotton production in China.China has maintained its position as the world’s largest cotton producer for 33 years(1983–2015),with average annual increases of 3.5 and 3.9% in the unit yield and total output of cotton,respectively.Cotton production has played an extremely important role in the development of the national economy and the improvement of living standards.Although the cotton planting area has been reduced in recent years,the total output has remained relatively unchanged due to the continuous increase in the unit yield.China’s dominant position in global cotton production is undoubtedly attributed to the progress and development of cotton cultivation technology.Over the past 70 years,China has established a high-yielding and high-efficiency cotton cultivation mode that corresponds to its national conditions,including a large population and a limited land area.Furthermore,cotton cultivation technology is constantly being innovated and developed to keep pace with the times.In this paper,we review the development of cotton production and cultivation in China over the past 70 years,with a particular focus on the innovation and development of cotton cultivation technology with Chinese characteristics.This review is intended to provide guidance for the sustainable development of China’s cotton production in the future and to provide a reference for global cotton production.

Cultivation of Modern and New Farmers from the Perspective of Black Box of Science and Technology

On the basis of analyzing the connotation and function of black box of science and technology,this article expounds the necessity of cultivating modern and new farmers in China at present,and points out that with incessant progress of science and technology,the modern agriculture based on black box of science and technology will continue to grow,which requires a large number of new farmers who can learn and improve black box of agricultural science and technology.Finally,the recommendations are put forward for cultivation of new farmers:improving farmers' training system;enhancing rural financial support,so that the farmers benefit from black box of science and technology;strengthening the cultivation of the practical ability,and promoting farmers' management capacity;strengthening the cultivation of innovative ability,and nurturing innovative farmers.

Cultivation Technology and Research Advance on the Germplasm Resources of Angelica dahurica

The roots of Angelica dahurica are a commonly used traditional Chinese herbal medicine.It has the effects of dispelling wind and relieving pain,expelling pus and dispersing swelling,clearing the nasal orifices,and eliminating dampness.In recent years,the cultivation of A.dahurica in Hunan Province has developed rapidly,but the research on new varieties selection and standardized cultivation techniques is lagging behind.This paper reviewed the germplasm resources,variety distribution and standardized cultivation technology of A.dahurica in China,hoping to provide technical support for the development of A.dahurica industry.

Disinfection Technology for Auricularia auricula in Bag Cultivation:Problems and Countermeasures

This article analyzes the problems existing in disinfection technology for Auricularia auricular in bag cultivation,introduces the concept of disinfection and sterilization technology and the technical status of humidification for disinfection of A.auricular in bag cultivation,analyzes the related problems caused by this type of technology and the reasons for the problems,and puts forward solutions to the technical problems.

High Temperature-preventing Cultivation Technology of Single-season Middle Rice for High Yield and High Quality in Jianghuai Area

In recent years,with the global climate change,the frequency and duration of high temperature in summer and autumn have increased,causing high temperature heat damage to summer crops such as rice and maize.From the end of July to early August is the main period of high temperature occurrence,during which the daily average temperature above 30℃is a high probability event,and even the highest temperature is above 38℃,while this period coincides with the booting-blooming-filling stage of the single-season middle rice in Jianghuai,especially the middle-season indica rice,so it often leads to the degradation of rice spikelets,pollen abortion,difficulty in pollen dispersion,and even difficulty in heading,resulting in a serious decline in the seed setting rate and poor filling of grains,which finally affect the yield and quality.Based on the goal of high-yielding high-quality rice cultivation,this paper proposed targeted technical measures for single-season middle rice from the aspects of planting time sequence optimization,selection of high-temperature-resistant varieties,population construction,fertilizer and water management technology,and how to compensate for the occurrence of unexpected disasters to promote plant growth.This study provides technical support for high-yielding high-quality stress-resistant and disaster-reducing rice cultivation technology.

Canopy Cultivation Technology and Benefit Analysis of Tea Tree Canopy in Preserved Tea Plantations

The present study introduced the concept and characteristics of preserved tea plantation,and analyzed application and benefit of stereoscopic trimming and pruning technology in the cultivation of tea tree canopy in preserved tea plantations.The results show that the stereoscopic trimming and pruning technology of tea trees has more advantages in production efficiency than other trimming and pruning techniques in terms of yield and output value,and can better exert the regeneration ability of tea branches.The grade of branching is increased from grade 3-4 before unpruning to grade 9-13(3-4 times higher),the length of internode is increased from 1-2 cm to 3-7 cm(increased 3-4 times),the picking area is increased from 0.9 m×1.1 m to 2.8 m×4.2 m(an increase of nearly 10 times),accordingly achieving the best production and economic benefits required in tea production.

Research on the Cultivation Model of Innovative and Entrepreneurial Talents with New Technology Use in Higher Education Institutions

The issue of new technology applications in education is a worldwide concern.Following a thorough review of current studies,this paper believes that new technology in a broad sense has"hard technology"(referring to new inventions,discoveries,and creations that can be practically operated and applied)and"soft technology"(generally referring to technology formed in all industry fields in response to new changes,new markets,new industries,and new business models,such as innovative marketing models,new team building,and management strategizing,cultural and creative skills,etc.),with distinctive and external and internal connotations.In a narrow sense,new technology refers to the most recent and cutting-edge technology in a particular industry field.There are also definitions that are based on their applicability,such as referring to new operation methods as new technologies.The premise of how to precisely implement new technology application education in higher education is to understand how students in higher education institutions think.For this reason,this study takes senior graduate students as its target,and through the statistics and analysis of survey data,we get three results.First,education featuring applications of new technology proves highly compelling,particularly given its importance in graduates'career development,thus garnering support;second,such education is both conceptual and practice-based;third,education concerned with the application of new technologies can be carried out in any major,both in engineering and non-engineering disciplines,with different requirements for educational content and technical skills according to the varying disciplines.Based on the investigation and analysis,we propose solutions and recommend methods of applying new applications in higher education.

Cultivation and Management Technologies for New Banana Cultivar ‘Refen 1’(Musa Spp. ABB,Pisang Awak Subgroup)

Banana is one of the most important crops in tropical and subtropical regions of China. Fenjiao( Musa Spp. ABB,Pisang Awak subgroup) has been grown by small scale famers because of its stable market price and better sugar-acid blend. However,the traditional Fenjiao variety is susceptible to banana Fusarium wilt,has a high plant height( over 5. 0 m),and farmers lack large-scale planting techniques.Based on the traditional Fenjiao variety,we selected‘Refen 1’variety through mutagenesis technology,which has low temperature resistance,suitable to marginal soils and relatively low plant height( 3. 2-4. 0 m). This paper mainly introduces the major techniques of propagation,cultivation,and post-harvest stages of‘Refen 1’banana,including the selection of explant materials,treatment,disinfection,initial culture,nursery hardening of in vitro-produced banana plants,and transplant of tissue culture seedlings. The major points of the cultivation technology include banana plantation selection and preparation,planting methods,irrigation and fertilizer management,pruning and retaining,and prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests.

Breeding and High-yield Cultivation Techniques for Oil Sunflower New Variety"Xin Kui No.27"

This paper introduced the breeding process,characteristics,yield performance,disease resistance,quality characters,and suitable production areas of the new early-maturing oil sunflower variety"Xin Kui No.27",and summarized high-yield cultivation techniques based on large-area continuous cultivation demonstration to serve agricultural production.

Study on Ornamental Cultivation Techniques of Strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa Duch)

Strawberry(Fragaria×ananassa Duch)is a very popular fruit,which is very common for productive cultivation,but not for ornamental cultivation.In order to improve the ornamental quality of strawberry and study its ornamental cultivation techniques,the variety selection,cultivation methods,flower pot selection,soil,fertilizer and water management,temperature,humidity and light management,and flower,fruit and pollination management of strawberry were investigated,especially its precision fertilization.The optimum combination fertilization scheme was A_(3)B_(2)C_(1),namely‘Lvbao’6 g,‘Weibao’6 g,‘Double carbon’2 g,which was obtained by an orthogonal test with three factors and three levels.This combined fertilization method overcomes the deficiency of single fertilization and improves the fertilization effect,and provides a reference for ornamental cultivation of strawberry.

Variety Characteristics and Cultivation Techniques of High-yield and High-resistance Wheat Variety Xindong No.48

[Objectives] The study was conducted to explore application and popularization of Xindong No. 48. [Methods] The characteristics,yields,quality,application range and use of Xindong No. 48 were introduced and the cultivation technology was concluded. [Results] Xindong No. 48 is bred with F1 of Xindong No. 22/M844 as female parent and Shidong No. 8 as male parent. It is a winter variety,which matures later. It has a plant height of about 76. 46 cm,a thousand-seed weight at 50. 63 g and a volume weight of kernel at 800. 67 g/L. The optimum planting period for the northern Xinjiang wheat area is from September 15 to September 25. The basic seedlings should be controlled at 5. 25-6. 00 million per hectare. [Conclusions] Xindong No. 48 is a winter wheat of high yield and resistant to leaf rust and powdery mildew. The variety was approved by Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Varieties Review Committee in 2015 and numbered as new-approved wheat No. 2015 year 04. It proves that the variety can be planted in Xinjiang winter wheat growing areas of northern Xinjiang.

Cultivation and Primary Processing of Medicinal Chrysanthemums

The morphological characteristics and growth habits of medicinal chrysanthemums are described,the cultivation techniques are summarized from the aspects of nursery,transplanting and field management,and the harvest and primary processing technology are introduced in detail.

科技成果转化农学创新综合实验的探索与实践

探索将科技成果“香稻增香增产栽培技术”转化为农学专业的综合实验,形成“香稻增香增产栽培技术应用与香气测定分析”创新综合实验,包括了田间实验设计、田间调查与取样、室内测定与分析、实验报告撰写等环节的实验教学体系。通过多途径强化创新能力。综合实验的实施有利于调动新农科学生的科研热情,增强科研创新素质和实践能力,实现推动卓越农林人才培养的目标。

六倍体小黑麦新品系T-133引种鉴定及特性分析

小黑麦是小麦和黑麦属间人工杂交形成的新物种,与小麦和黑麦相比,小黑麦的生物产量及蛋白质、赖氨酸含量高,适口性更好,可作为优质禾本科牧草,以促进饲草多元化发展。为了丰富甘肃省饲草种类,给农牧交错区提供高产稳产、耐盐碱、抗寒旱、抗病虫的小黑麦新品种,2013年从CIMMYT引进了六倍体小黑麦新品系T-133,并经2014—2020年连续水旱鉴定、品比试验、生产试验进行引种鉴定。在2020年甘肃省不同生态区生产试验中,平均折合籽粒产量7814.94 kg/hm^(2),比对照品种宁春4号增产17.45%;平均生物学产量22.39 t/hm^(2),比对照品种石大1号增产12.92%。该品系为粮草兼用型,春性,生育期100~109 d,株高115~120 cm,穗长10.0~10.5 cm,可育小穗数21~24个,穗粒数45~50粒,千粒重47~56 g。富含铁、锌等微量元素,品质优良,抗病性强。适宜在甘肃河西、中部及生态区域相似的青海、宁夏等高寒旱区种植。

芽豆专用品种牡小粒豆1号的选育

牡小粒豆1号是黑龙江省农业科学院牡丹江分院2011年利用60Coγ射线诱变处理育成的优质高产专用型芽豆新品种。2017—2018年牡小粒豆1号参加黑龙江省特用组自布点区域试验,2年平均产量为3245.0 kg/hm^(2),较对照品种绥小粒豆2号增产8.5%。2018年参加黑龙江省特用组自布点生产试验,平均产量为3260.0 kg/hm^(2),较对照品种绥小粒豆2号增产8.0%。该品种抗倒伏、抗灰斑病、高产优质、适应性广,平均蛋白质含量为39.15%,平均脂肪含量为21.62%,属高油芽豆品种,适宜黑龙江省第二积温带种植。2019年通过黑龙江省农作物品种审定委员会审定,审定编号为黑审豆20190054。

教育、科技、人才一体化背景下高教人才培养改革逻辑与路径

教育、科技、人才一体化发展是对世界教育、科技、人才发展与高等教育内在关系的规律性把握,对我国高等教育人才培养提出了新的使命与要求。高等教育人才培养改革逻辑从内涵式发展到高质量发展,从高教自身看待质量转向从科技人才战略和经济社会需求认识高等教育培养质量,加快人才培养改革,服务和支撑教育、科技、人才一体化发展。改革路径是实现人才培养层次结构的上移,提高研究生培养规模与质量;加快中国特色、世界一流的大学与优势学科建设,提高人才自主培养能力;优化高等教育布局结构,构建与世界重要人才中心和创新高地建设相适应的人才培养体系。

制药类专业教学中培养绿色制药能力的设计与实践——以《制药工艺学》课程为例

在绿色化学视野下,绿色制药思维是制药类人才的必备素质。以制药类人才培养方案为准绳,以制药工艺学课程为载体,在绿色制药能力培养方面进行了设计。教学中在课程思政融入、教学内容优化、研教结合、指导性自学、以赛促学、多学科融合等方面做了基于培养绿色制药能力的探索和实践。

黑龙江省大棚番茄高效生产栽培技术

为提高黑龙江地区大棚番茄种植的科学化、专业化和标准化栽培技术水平,以种植高品质番茄为切入点,结合现代蔬菜产业发展模式、环境、质量要求,以及番茄栽培科学技术研究的最新成果和应用技术,从大棚番茄播期、播种方法、穴盘育苗温度管理、苗床育苗温度管理和定植后肥水管理技术等进行研究,形成了黑龙江省标准化的大棚番茄栽培技术,在提高番茄产量和效益的同时,更加适应和满足现代农业生产的需求。

高职园艺技术专业人才需求调查分析

准确掌握新形势下高职园艺技术专业的人才需求情况,有利于高职院校有的放矢地制定紧跟行业发展需求的专业人才培养目标,从而解决当前学生能力素质与社会需求相脱节的问题,加强人才培养的有效性,对高职园艺技术专业的专业建设、学生就业,以及园艺产业的发展等都具有积极作用。调查园艺企业的人才需求现状,分析园艺产业的发展趋势和高职园艺技术专业人才岗位需求特征,提出高职园艺技术专业人才培养的建议。