Improved CO2 capture performances of ZIF-90 through sequential reduction and lithiation reactions to form a hard/hard structure

Post-synthetic functionalization or modification has been regarded as a promising strategy to treat surfaces of adsorbents for their applications in targeted adsorption and separation processes.In this work,a novel microporous adsorbent for carbon capturing was developed via functionalization of zeolitic imidazolate framework-91(ZIF-91)to generate a hard/hard(metal-oxygen)structure named as lithium-modified ZIF-91(ZIF-91-OLi compound).To this purpose,the ZIF-91 compound as an intermediate product was achieved by reduction of ZIF-90 in the presence of NaBH4 as a good reducing agent.Afterwards,acidic hydrogen atoms in the hydroxyl groups of ZIF-91 were exchanged with lithium cations via reaction of n-BuLi compound as an organo lithium agent through an appropriate procedure.In particular,the as-synthesized ZIF-91-OLi operated as an excellent electron-rich center for CO2 adsorption through trapping the positive carbon centers in the CO2 molecule.DFT calculations revealed that the presence of lithium over the surface of ZIF-91-OLi adsorbent plays an effective role in double enhancement of CO2 storage via creating a strong negative charge center at the oxygen atoms of the imidazolate linker as a result of the lithium/hydrogen exchange system.Finally,the selectivity of CO2/N2 was investigated at different temperatures,revealing the ZIF-91-OLi as a selective adsorbent for industrial application.

Formation and thermal stability of connected hard skeleton structure in ATX525 cast alloys

The formation and the thermal stability of a connected hard skeleton structure(CHSS) in the matrix of Mg-5Al-2Sn-5Ca(ATX525) alloy were investigated by using X-ray diffractometer, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimeter, creep tester and isothermal treatment method. The results indicated that the CHSS composed of Mg2(Al,Ca) and Al2 Ca intermetallics was formed into a typical eutectic structure and no obvious change occurred when the samples were isothermally treated at 250 °C for 96 h and 350 °C for 72 h, respectively. It became a chained structure when isothermally treated at 450 °C for 48 h. The dissolution and reconstruction processes, however, were observed for the CHSS when the processing temperature was up to 550 °C. The creep life at the stress-temperature condition of 50MPa/200°C for the alloy treated at 450 °C for 48 h was as high as 510 h, and the strain at creep time of 100 h was as low as 0.03%, which indicated that the present alloy has not only a good thermal stability, but also a better heat resistance.

Relationship between controllable preparation and microstructure of NdFeB sintered magnets

The double hard magnetic phase magnets with nominal compositions of Nd30–xDyxFe69B1（x=2, and 4）（wt.%） were prepared. The magnetic properties of the magnets were measured with a NIM-2000H hysteresigraph. The crystalline structures of the magnets were identified by X-ray diffraction（XRD）. The Rietveld refinement was carried out using the FULLPROF software. The scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and transmission electron microscopy（TEM） analyses were carried out in order to investigate the microstructure of the magnets. It showed that the magnets consisted mainly of Nd2Fe14 B phase, and some Nd-rich phase. Two types of matrix-phase grains in dark grey and light grey were found in the magnets with x=2 and 4. The Dy content was obviously different in the two types of grains, which proved that the double hard magnetic phases（Dy-rich and Dy-lean phases） coexisted in the magnet. It revealed that the Nd-rich phases in junction regions had fcc structure, with the unit cell parameter of about 0.52–0.56 nm. The weak superlattice spots were found in the SAD patterns of the junction Nd-rich phases with large scale. The double hard magnetic phase structure seemed to improve the magnetic properties of NdFeB magnets with high coercivity, while decrease the consumption of Dy element, compared with the single alloy magnet.

Gradient Structured Copper by Rotationally Accelerated Shot Peening

A new technology-rotationally accelerated shot peening（RASP）, was developed to prepare gradient structured materials. By using centrifugal acceleration principle and large steel balls, the RASP technology can produce much higher impact energy compared to conventional shot peening. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, the RASP was utilized to refine the surface layer in pure copper（Cu） with an average grain size of 85 nm. The grain size increases largely from surface downwards the bulk, forming an800 ？m thick gradient-structured surface layer and consequently a micro-hardness gradient. The difference between the RASP technology and other established techniques in preparing gradient structured materials is discussed. The RASP technology exhibits a promoting future for large-scale manufacturing of gradient materials.