The Relationship of Occupational Health Nurses’ Experiences with Associated Departments in Relation to Project Development of Mental Health Care for Primary Preventive Treatment

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship and experiences of occupational health nurses (OHNs) and related departments in project development of mental health care for primary treatment in the Japanese occupational health setting. Method: A total of 235 OHNs who are members of the Japan Academy of Occupational Health Nursing were sent an anonymous self-administered questionnaire survey. The questionnaire included items on the following: the OHN’s background, whether the OHN had experience in project development, the communication between the associated departments, the Japanese version of the Work Engagement Scale (UWES-J), occupational assessments, workplace assessments, and the Transtheoretical Model (TTM) for health promotion in companies and the OHN’s working environment. We performed logistic regression analysis to examine the relationship between experience and these harmonious relationships with other associated departments. Result: Responses from 61 OHNs (valid response rate: 25.9%) were analyzed. The mean number of years of service as an OHN was 18.9, and 82% of respondents had experience in project development. The logistic analysis further revealed that OHNs who had experience in project development of mental health care usually had a harmonious relationship with other associated departments. Conclusion: To promote mental health care for workers, OHNs have the capability to create individual and workplace assessments, enhance their work engagement, and make further improvements to their working environment. .

Perceived ill-health and health seeking behavior in two communities in the nam theun 2 hydroelectric project area in Lao Peoples Democratic Republic

Objective:To compare perceived ill-health and health seeking behavior between two communities affected by the large Nam Theun 2 hydroelectric project in central Lao People’s Democratic Republic(PDR).Methods: Two different affected areas;Nakai plateaubeing remote,sparcely populated and mountainous,and Xe Bang Fai lowland plains,more densely populated and comparatively affluent were included.Data were obtained from two cross-sectional household-based health and socio-economic surveys.Results:We found pronounced differences in the frequency of self-reported fever,cough,headache and myalgia according to location.On the Nakai plateau,45.1%of the individuals with ill-health report(recall period;2 weeks) went to a local health volunteer compared to only 7.2%in the Xe Bang Fai area(P 【 0.001 ).In Nakai,there were disproportionately more illiterates seeking help from local health volunteers when compared to those who attended at least primary schooling(49.2%versus 17.5%,P 【0.01 ).Self-medication with antimalarials was more common in Xe Bang Fai than on Nakai(32.3%versus 7.0%,P 【 0.001).The mean amount of money spent per health consultation was US $ 1.7 in Nakai and US $ 7.2 in Xe Bang Fai.Conclusion:The observed differences in self-reported ill-health and health seeking behavior among these two Lao communities need to be considered when implementing setting-specific mitigation measures as part of the public health action plan of the Nam Theun 2 hydroelectric project.

Inaccuracy of Self-reported Low Sodium Diet among Chinese: Findings from Baseline Survey for Shandong & Ministry of Health Action on Salt and Hypertension(SMASH) Project

This study was aimed to evaluate the agreement between the self-reported sodium intake level and 24-h urine sodium excretion level in Chinese. The 24-h urine collection was conducted among 2112 adults aged 18-69 years randomly selected in Shandong Province, China. The subjects were asked whether their sodium intake was low, moderate, or high. The weighted kappa statistics was calculated to assess the agreement between 24-h urine sodium excretion level and self-reported sodium intake level. One third of the subjects reported low sodium intake level. About 70% of the subjects had mean 24-h sodium excretion 〉9 g/d, but reported low or moderate sodium intake.

Projecting Health Outcomes for Portuguese Ageing Population: Challenges and Opportunities

Objectives: To project health outcomes for the period 2011-2031, in the Portuguese population aged 65 years and over, considering the expected changes in its demographic and educational structure. Methods: Demographic projections were produced using the multistate cohort component method. Logistic regression models were fitted to estimate current differences in health outcomes, using data from the Portuguese Health Survey. Such differences were applied to the projection results, in order to project the prevalence of “poor” self-reported health status, functional limitations and disability. Results: Our results point to a future improvement in the considered health outcomes. The prevalence of “poor” self-reported health status, functional limitations and disability will decrease in both genders, but will continue to be higher among women than men. Discussion: Beyond age and gender, other determinants of health, like education, should be considered when studying the possible evolution of health outcomes in an ageing population.

Health Providers’ Points of View on the Impact of the Project to Strengthen the Expanded Program of Routine Vaccination from 2014 to 2018 in the Barumbu Health Zone in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo

According to the World Health Organization, approximately 3 million deaths are prevented each year in the world thanks to vaccination and then, in addition, each year, it makes it possible to avoid nearly 750,000 children suffering from serious physical, mental or neurological handicaps and 1.5 million other deaths could be avoided if the vaccination coverage is improved. However, vaccination coverage is often not achieved due to various difficulties encountered by health providers in the expanded program on vaccination activities. Yet, it is important to strengthen the program. This research paper aimed to assess health providers’ points of view on the impact of the project to strengthen the routine expanded program on vaccination in the Barumbu health zone in Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo (RDC). To do so, we surveyed a convenience sample of 234 health providers involved in the implementation of the project, including 210 community relays, 9 permanent nurses, 9 health committee chairpersons and 6 health authorities. A questionnaire related to the objective of the research was submitted to them. After analyzing the data, we found that the points of view of health providers are negative. The performance of the vaccination program was not great. Several reasons were given for this, including the non-involvement of the political and administrative authorities, the failure to respect the funds disbursement circuit and the non-effective financing of vaccination activities in the Barumbu health zone in Kinshasa, DRC.

HSPM:A Better Model to Effectively Preventing Open-Source Projects from Dying

With the rapid development of Open-Source(OS),more and more software projects are maintained and developed in the form of OS.These Open-Source projects depend on and influence each other,gradually forming a huge OS project network,namely an Open-Source Software ECOsystem(OSSECO).Unfortunately,not all OS projects in the open-source ecosystem can be healthy and stable in the long term,and more projects will go from active to inactive and gradually die.In a tightly connected ecosystem,the death of one project can potentially cause the collapse of the entire ecosystem network.How can we effectively prevent such situations from happening?In this paper,we first identify the basic project characteristics that affect the survival of OS projects at both project and ecosystem levels through the proportional hazards model.Then,we utilize graph convolutional networks based on the ecosystem network to extract the ecosystem environment characteristics of OS projects.Finally,we fuse basic project characteristics and environmental project characteristics and construct a Hybrid Structured Prediction Model(HSPM)to predict the OS project survival state.The experimental results show that HSPM significantly improved compared to the traditional prediction model.Our work can substantially assist OS project managers in maintaining their projects’health.It can also provide an essential reference for developers when choosing the right open-source project for their production activities.

心理健康教育与服务:拔尖创新人才培养的根基工程

心理健康教育与服务并重,并逐渐从心理健康教育走向心理健康服务,这是时代发展的需要。通过对心理健康教育与服务和拔尖创新人才培养两者关系的梳理与分析,表明积极的心理健康品质可以为拔尖创新人才的创造力培养提供前提与保障,而他们富有创造力的活动也会促进自身心理健康的发展。这两者的辨证关系,再次证明在学校实施心理健康教育、加强心理健康服务及其体系建设的重要价值。积极稳妥地推进中国特色的学校心理健康教育与服务体系建设,需要编制中国特色本土化的心理健康评价工具,开发学校心理健康课程与教育资源,加强学校心理辅导与心理咨询室建设,进一步完善学校危机预防与干预服务系统,切实把心理健康教育与服务作为拔尖创新人才培养的根基工程,把拔尖创新人才培养作为实施心理健康教育与服务的制高点,为实施心理健康教育与服务、拔尖创新型人才培养的国家战略提供新理念和新路径。

中国海洋渔业生态系统健康评价及动态演进

本文基于生态系统健康的基本逻辑与科学内涵构建评价指标体系,评价2008—2021年中国沿海11个省、市和自治区的海洋渔业生态系统健康及各要素层水平,借助传统与空间Kernel密度估计方法分析中国海洋渔业生态系统健康水平的分布动态演进和长期转移趋势。研究发现:在动态演化特征方面,中国海洋渔业生态系统健康水平随时间的推移提升效果显著,其内部各地区海洋渔业生态健康水平的绝对差异呈上升趋势,且极化现象存在加剧趋势。从各要素层分布曲线来看,海洋渔业生态系统活力的下滑制约了海洋渔业生态系统健康水平的提升;海洋渔业生态系统弹性的变化拉动了海洋渔业生态系统健康水平的不断攀升。在长期转移趋势方面,不考虑空间因素条件下,沿海各地区海洋渔业生态系统健康水平具有较强的稳定性与连续性,在3年的时间跨度内实现跨越式等级跃迁的可能性较小,且存在向低水平和高水平“俱乐部收敛”的可能性。考虑空间因素条件下,中国海洋渔业生态系统健康水平在空间动态条件下的演进趋势呈现“断层”现象。处于1.2~1.4临界级与良好级的相邻地区间存在趋同性,而处于0.6以下风险级与1.4以上良好级的地区不易与相邻地区发生空间关联作用。

卫生Ⅷ项目地区婴儿死亡率影响因素的多水平分析

目的探索卫生Ⅷ项目地区婴儿死亡率的影响因素。方法利用重复测量的多水平模型分析卫生Ⅷ项目县8年监测资料。结果项目地区婴儿死亡率的影响因素为年份、孕产妇系统管理率、年内四苗接种率和粗出生率,而干预类型、农民人均纯收入等变量对于婴儿死亡率不具统计学意义。结论孕产期保健服务利用水平的提高对降低项目地区婴儿死亡率起了重要作用。

2011—2022年我国妇幼保健机构申请和获得国家自然科学基金项目资助情况分析

目的 分析2011—2022年我国妇幼保健机构申请和获得国家自然科学基金(National Natural Science Foundation of China,NSFC)项目资助情况,为妇幼保健机构科研能力建设提供参考。方法 运用NSFC大数据知识管理服务平台和全国妇幼保健机构监测数据,分析NSFC项目申请、获资助、负责人等基本情况,比较获资助和未获资助机构在人力资源和承担科研课题项目上的差异性。结果 2011—2022年我国35家妇幼保健机构作为NSFC依托单位共申请项目861项,获资助率为10.57%;青年科学基金、面上项目、地区科学基金为主要申请和获资助类型,获资助率分别为7.27%、5.34%和15.21%,存在类别间和地区间差异。55.8%的项目负责人在首次获资助前参与过NSFC项目,且78.13%为高等院校牵头项目;项目负责人中,高级职称占58.25%、博士研究生学历占62.64%;获资助机构承担或独立承担科研课题项目数多于未获资助机构,差异有统计学意义(P <0.05)。结论 我国妇幼保健机构科研能力仍相对薄弱,人才储备和科研基础是项目申请成功的有利因素,妇幼保健机构应加强科研人才的引进与培养,以需求为牵引,关注政策导向,聚焦学术前沿,注重学科交叉,增强合作,推动科研创新能力提升,助力妇幼保健机构可持续、高质量地发展。

“卫Ⅷ”项目乡镇卫生院效率的DEA法评价

[目的]通过对"卫Ⅷ"项目单位的有效性评价,审视项目效率,发现成绩和问题,对农村的卫生院建设提出政策建议。[方法]运用DEA方法的C2R模型,测算河南省"卫Ⅷ"项目单位中的136个乡镇卫生院项目前后的相对有效率。[结果]项目后DEA有效的决策单元构成比,从19%增加到50%,但仍有16%的卫生院的DEA得分在项目前平均数以下。[结论]项目使卫生院有效率大为增加;项目县配套政策实施存在困难,乡镇卫生院内涵建设较弱。建议改革政府间财政体系和配套政策,强化乡镇卫生院内涵建设。

卫生Ⅷ项目/卫生Ⅷ支持性项目对母婴保健与健康影响评价——资料与方法

简要介绍卫生Ⅷ项目/卫生Ⅷ支持性项目的概况和本专题研究的资料与方法。卫生Ⅷ项目/卫生Ⅷ支持性项目是中国政府同世界银行、英国国际发展部及其他援助机构合作开展的"改善中国农村贫困地区基本卫生服务项目"。该项目从1998年开始到2006年年底结束,覆盖了我国中西部10个省(直辖市、自治区)中的97个国家级和省级贫困县,受益人口约4678万人。本专题研究的主要目的是评价卫生Ⅷ项目/卫生Ⅷ支持性项目对母婴保健与健康的影响,用于评价的资料来源于4个方面:(1)项目日常登记的孕产妇和婴儿死亡资料;(2)项目县上报到国家卫生部统计信息中心的孕产妇和婴儿死亡率统计资料;(3)婴儿死亡漏报调查资料;(4)入户调查的孕产期保健服务利用资料。

世界银行贷款卫生Ⅷ项目妇幼保健干预效果评价

目的:从供方、需方、管方的角度对妇幼保健干预效果进行评价,研究妇幼保健干预对改善妇幼保健状况的启发。方法:对产前检查率、住院分娩率、孕产妇死亡率等关键指标进行统计分析,对定性资料采用归纳分析。结果:通过项目干预,需方服务利用和健康指标年均改善幅度大于全国农村监测地区;供方服务能力提高、服务质量显著改善;管方思想观念转变,职能优化。结论:应重视利用项目的形式开展妇幼保健干预;综合干预更有利于妇幼健康改善;政府应出台相关政策保证建立持续的妇幼保健干预机制。

2023年度医学科学部基金项目评审工作综述

本文总结2023年度国家自然科学基金委员会医学科学部评审工作情况,对各类项目申请受理、评审及资助情况进行汇总和分析,尤其是科学基金深化改革新举措的实施情况;同时提出下一年度工作思路,以提高医学科学基金的资助效能。

卫生Ⅷ项目对孕产期保健服务利用公平性的影响

目的探讨卫生Ⅷ项目在实现孕产期保健服务利用公平性目标中的作用。方法利用"卫生Ⅷ项目/卫生Ⅷ支持性项目对母婴保健与健康影响"专项评估中的孕产妇入户调查数据库,分析项目县和非项目县不同家庭收入妇女利用孕产期保健服务的差异。结果综合试点县和一般项目县的各项产前、产时和产后保健服务利用率的"最高收入组-最低收入组"的极差都不同程度地低于对照县,且随收入变化的等级趋势也明显弱化。结论乡镇卫生院建设和住院分娩费用减免等项目措施的综合实施,有效地提高了贫困孕产妇利用基本孕产期保健服务的可及性和可负担性,从而改善了孕产妇医疗保健服务利用的公平性。

卫生Ⅷ项目对妇女孕产期保健知识、就医态度和行为的影响

目的探讨卫生Ⅷ项目对于提高贫困地区妇女的孕产期保健知识、改善就医态度和行为的作用。方法利用"卫生Ⅷ项目/卫生Ⅷ支持性项目对母婴保健与健康的影响"专项评估中的孕产妇入户调查数据库,分析比较项目县和非项目县妇女的孕产期保健知识来源和掌握程度,产前检查和住院分娩的就医/不就医原因。以及所选择的医疗机构级别。结果"乡镇卫生院医生"和"村医或村妇幼专干"为项目地区孕产妇传播了较多的孕产期保健信息。费用不再是影响项目地区孕产妇去医院进行产前检查和分娩的主要原因。在曾进行过产前检查和住院分娩的被调查对象中,项目县的大多选择的是乡镇卫生院,而对照县的大多选择的是县级及以上医疗机构。结论卫生Ⅷ项目的实施使贫困地区孕产妇在乡镇卫生院获得了更多的孕产期保健知识和服务,就医态度和行为趋向合理,有利于各级卫生资源效率的最大发挥。

28个卫生Ⅷ项目县基本卫生状况分析

通过对 2 8个卫生 项目基本卫生状况分析 ,认为 2 8个县卫生资源匮乏 ,卫生投入不足 ;居民健康水平低于全国平均水平 ;农民人均收入对贫困地区居民健康状况影响较大 ;预防保健工作水平对贫困地区居民健康状况影响较大。建议 :加强卫生投入 ,提高卫生服务的提供能力和服务质量 ;合理配置有限的卫生资源 ,提高资源的利用效率 ;确定优先干预重点 ;提高卫生服务需方的利用能力。

卫生Ⅷ项目对于改善孕产期卫生保健服务质量的作用

目的探索卫生Ⅷ项目中不同的干预策略对孕产期卫生保健服务质量的影响。方法使用卫生Ⅷ项目妇幼专项评价所搜集的入户调查资料,从服务利用方(孕产妇)所察觉到的卫生服务质量的角度,从服务质量的过程和结果2个方面,利用秩变换的方法来比较不同干预县和对照县之间的孕产期卫生保健服务的提供者的服务态度、医疗水平和孕产妇的满意度来进行孕产期卫生保健服务质量的评价。结果综合试点县的服务态度、医疗水平和满意度均好于一般项目县和对照县,一般项目县的服务态度、医疗水平和自感满意度也比对照县要好,其中对孕产期服务的满意度与服务提供者的服务态度的关联性较医疗水平要更大。结论卫生Ⅷ项目的干预提高了项目县孕产期卫生保健的服务质量,改善提供者的服务态度对提高孕产期卫生保健服务的质量有巨大的作用。