A Cornerstone of Health Reform

In order to ensure fair and affordable health services for all Chinese citizens and to set up a healthcare system that covers both urban and rural residents, the Chinese Government put forward a strategic task of deepening the healthcare system reform. The major objective of this reform is to provide medical service as a public service. In an interview with Beijing-based Guangming Daily, Li Weiping, a fellow researcher at the Institute of Medicine and Economy under the Ministry of Health, says that public hospitals are key to making this reform work and medical workers will need to drive this process forward.

Evaluation of the Effect of China’s Health Care Reform Based on Prospect Theory

Objective To evaluate the effect of health care reform policy in China comprehensively and provide suggestions for its further implementation.Methods Data on the effect of health care reform were obtained from“China Health Statistics Yearbook”and National Bureau of Statistics of China and the indicators were selected by corrected item total correlation(CITC)and Cronbach’sαreliability coefficient.Then,the selected indicators were calculated through the prospect theory model.Meanwhile,the gray relation analysis method was introduced to enlarge the differences between the advantages and disadvantages to make the comprehensive evaluation result more obvious.Results and Conclusion The implementation of China’s health care reform has a significant impact on China’s medical and health system.However,the effect of the policy will become less with the increase of the total amount.An effective management can ensure that the policy continues to play its role.

Health care reform in the USA: Recommendations from USA and non-USA radiologists

AIM: To compare the opinions and recommendations of imaging specialists from United States (USA) and non-USA developed nations for USA health care reform. METHODS: A survey was emailed out to 18 imaging specialists from 17 non-USA developed nation countries and 14 radiologists within the USA regarding health care reform. The questionnaire contained the following ques tions: what are the strengths of your health care system, what problems are present in your nation's health care system, and what recommendations do you have for health care reform in the USA. USA and non-USA radiologists received the same questionnaire. RESULTS: Strengths of the USA health care system include high quality care, autonomy, and access to timely care. Twelve of 14 (86%) USA radiologists identified medicolegal action as a major problem in their health care system and felt that medicolegal reform was a critical aspect of health care reform. None of the non-USA radiologists identified medicolegal aspects as a problem in their own country nor identified it as a subject for USA health care reform. Eleven of 14 (79%) USA radiologists and 16/18 (89%) non-USA radiologists identified universal health care coverage as an important recommendation for reform. CONCLUSION: Without full universal coverage, meaningful health care reform will likely require medicolegal reform as an early and important aspect of improved and efficient health care.

A Better Understanding of Reasons for the Failure of the Healthcare Reform in Colombia

The Colombian healthcare crisis is evidenced by obstacles to health service, diminished working conditions and medical autonomy, financial infeasibility, loss of leadership and legitimacy of the healthcare system. In the year 2013 twelve reform projects were presented to Congress, including a statutory law that defines health as a fundamental right which was approved and another ordinary one which sought a complete reform of the system but was rejected and criticized by different opinion leaders. For this study we have made an adaptation to Q methodology, which assigns quantitative values to the most frequent statement variables obtained from secondary sources (norms, articles, media, forums) giving objective information about the diverse positions in the proposals to healthcare reform. We analyzed from the most objective position and from academic independence the different views of the opinion leaders for a better understanding of the reasons for this failure in healthcare reform. There was a great polarization in the diverse statements which made an agreement with the government unlikely and, when added to a political moment in which the presidential election was being held, made the new reform non-viable. Although there is an agreement about the existence of a crisis, this has not been the case about the analysis of its causes or solutions. At the present time, the government is not presenting a new reform proposal and is focusing on some decree to create a model of healthcare in rural zones, define financial conditions for the EPSes (health providers), update norms for membership in a healthcare system and regulate biotechnological drugs. Even though to date there have been no opinions, plus taking into account the previous analysis, it is very possible there will be much criticism from those who demand a structural change in the system.

New Challenges for Occupational Health Services Facing Economic Reform in China

In China, which is facing economic reform and the rapid development of small-scale industries, various occupational hazards are reappearing. The problems are related to the ignorance of the managers and the workers, a lack of capital, the insufficiency of occupational health services, and the transfer of some hazardous work from large factories in the cities to small plants in the towns and villages. The change in life-style, especially in smoking habits, has aggravated occupational hazards. The problems may be solved by renewing the concept of health among the managers and workers, enforcing legislation related to occupational hazards, strengthening health personnel training, and reinforcing health education and self-help. 1989 Academic Press, Inc.

Reform of Health System for People's Right to Health——An interview with Gao Qiang,Minister of Health

EDITOR＇S NOTE： In an interview given of late to our staff reporter, Gao Qiang, Chinese Minister of Health, spoke on the achievements made by China in medical and health work during the Tenth Five-Year Plan period （2001-2005）, the soaring medical costs that have invoked much public complaint, ways of carrying to depth the reform of the medical service system, development of the rural cooperative medical system and community-based medical services in cities, as well as prevention and control of AIDS. Following is a transcript of the interview.

Application of Experiential Teaching in the Reform of College Students' Mental Health Course from the Perspective of Life Education

In recent years,the phenomenon of college students5 indifference to life occurs frequently which seriously damages the healthy growth of college students.Life education should be integrated into mental health education courses in colleges.Experiential teaching is a type of teaching activity that is characterized by students5 personal experiences and initiative,focusing on the participation of practical activities.Compared with traditional lectures,it improves students'interest and enthusiasm.In the mental health course,experiential teaching applies theoretical knowledge to real life and promote the improvement of students9 mental health to shape stable and mature personalities and eventually,promotes the development of life.College students5 mental health course should be integrated with experiential teaching practice in the perspective of life education,so as to better improve the teaching effect and guide students to form a correct outlook of life.

保障健康权益 促进卫生改革发展

在当前复杂的国际形势下,健康权正受到严重的破环。本文探讨健康权的内涵以及对我国卫生改革的影响,从世界卫生组织对健康的定义出发,提出健康权在10个方面的表现;撰述生命权和健康权在《中华人民共和国宪法》《中华人民共和国民法通则》以及其他法律法规中的立法依据;展示医疗保险、医疗卫生服务和医药产业3个领域高质量发展在维护生命权、健康权方面获得的成果。卫生改革的目标之一是真正实现群众的健康权,应确保人民群众平等获得优质安全的医疗卫生服务,充分发挥政府作用,出台多种惠民政策,从改善政治、经济、立法、环境等条件出发,减轻全社会的疾病经济负担。应以人民健康为中心,不断提高人民群众的健康水平,为护卫人民群众的生命权和健康权而努力。

大健康背景下全球健康课程开设的初步探索

在我国大健康理念背景下,伴随着健康问题全球化进程的加速,世界卫生健康体系面临巨大挑战。伴随着全球健康问题不断升级,通过跨国家、多学科合作开展全球健康课程,加强对全球健康人才的培养,成为医学高校人才教育的一项重点工作。中国医科大学以本博连读临床医学专业(红医班)为试点,开设全球健康必修课程,在教学方案、培养目标、师资建设、教学模式和课程计划等方面进行了初步探索。

综合医疗制度改革对中国家庭财务脆弱性的影响

健康风险作为背景风险的重要组成部分,会给一般家庭造成明显的财务脆弱性。医疗制度作为重要的社会保障基础,可以为家庭提供关键的健康保障,从而有效缓解家庭财务脆弱性。引入2010—2020年中国家庭追踪调查数据(CFPS),构建准自然实验研究体系,采用双重差分法检验了综合医改政策对家庭财务脆弱性的影响特征及其作用机制。研究发现,综合医改政策的实施显著缓解了家庭财务脆弱性,并且这一效应在城镇家庭、有老年人的家庭、儿童健康风险高的家庭、弱社会网络家庭、使用互联网的家庭以及社会信任度高的家庭中表现更加明显。同时,综合医改政策可以通过降低家庭医疗负担、提升家庭劳动参与、改变家庭风险态度等途径缓解家庭财务脆弱性。本文为评估综合医改政策及其对家庭财务影响的有效性提供了新视角,为进一步从微观层面深化医疗卫生体制改革提供了重要的政策启示。

医药卫生改革中的财务风险管理:挑战、机遇与对策

随着医药卫生改革的深入进行,财务风险管理在医疗机构运营中的重要性日益凸显。聚焦医药卫生改革背景下的财务风险管理,分析改革过程中医疗机构面临的财务风险挑战与机遇,并探讨相应的对策。通过对政策调整、市场变化以及内部管理等方面的综合分析,揭示财务风险管理的现状及存在的问题。采用文献研究和案例分析方法,提出了包括优化内部控制、加强预算管理、提高风险意识等在内的一系列应对策略。研究结果表明,通过科学合理的财务风险管理,可以有效应对改革中的挑战,把握发展机遇,为医疗机构的可持续发展提供保障。

《营养与健康》课程教学改革

《营养与健康》这门通识选修课在我校虽已开设多年,但存在着课程目标单一、教学内容照搬教材、教学方法和考核方式单调等问题。针对这些问题,重构了教学目标、整合了教学内容,全程融入思政教育元素,采用多媒体结合智慧教学工具、联系中华饮食文化、引入最新科研成果、联系时事热点、结合实际生活等多种教学方式方法,同时加强过程管理,完善课程考核评价体系。教学改革后,强化了学生的思想政治教育,调动了学习的积极性和学习兴趣,提升了学生对课程知识的整体性建构,提高了学习成绩和知识应用能力,得到了学生的普遍好评和认可。

新形势下提升预防医学专业学生实践能力的教学改革探索

文章旨在探讨如何通过改革教育教学体系,提高公共卫生专业学生的实践能力,培养高素质的医学人才。公共卫生教育和人才培养处于关乎国家建设、发展与安全的全局性、基础性和战略性地位。作为公共卫生队伍建设的重要一环,高校承担着公共卫生人才培养的重任。文章结合国家新形势发展的需要和预防医学实践能力的培养现状,提出了特色创新预防医学专业实践能力培养体系框架,并分别从实施改革教学方法、完善教学大纲、重视实践操作以及构建考核方式四个方面提出了具体的举措。这些改革措施能够有效规范学生的实践操作,夯实其工作技能,为国家公共卫生事业输送高素质的医学人才。文章的研究成果将对未来公共卫生教育和人才培养领域的发展和改革具有重要的指导意义。

基于青少年体质健康促进的体育教育改革

随着生活节奏的加快和科技的进步,青少年的体质健康状况日益受到社会的关注。通过优化体育课程结构、加强体育师资力量、完善体育设施等措施,可以有效促进青少年体质健康。为此,该文采用文献资料法,首先对青少年体质健康问题现状进行了分析,然后有针对性地提出了体育教育改革方式,旨在有效丰富体育教学内容,激发青少年参与体育运动的兴趣,全面促进青少年体质健康水平的提升。

新文科视域下普通高校体育与健康课程教改新思路

新文科视域下普通高校体育与健康课程教学改革要有新思路。用Newell约束模型,从个体、环境、任务三方面解释普通高校体育与健康课程与大学生体质持续下降之间存在的关联。研究认为,要做好校园体育生态顶层设计,繁荣校园体育文化;以立德树人为根本任务,实现以体育人;以健康第一为课程理念,实现以体健身;坚持以学生为本的课堂育人模式,改革旧的知识本位、学科本位,发展大学生体育素养,构建以提升综合素养为目的的生态大课程观。

健康中国背景下的“看病贵”与政府支出——基于资源配置结构性失衡视角的分析

“看病贵”意味着医疗卫生资源转化为医疗卫生服务的成本高,有限资源下医疗卫生服务供给的数量和质量难以满足公众健康需求,从而直接影响健康中国建设。同时,人口快速老龄化带来的医疗卫生需求爆发式增长,将形成医疗卫生体系的额外压力,加剧供求矛盾。基于医疗卫生资源配置结构性失衡视角研究“看病贵”与政府支出之间的关系发现:政府增加卫生支出会通过加剧人力资源配置的结构性失衡而加剧“看病贵”问题;只有将增加政府卫生支出与深化医疗卫生体制改革相结合,才能真正缓解全社会“看病贵”问题。因此,应深化公立医院改革,优化政府对医疗卫生资源的配置方式,加强基层医疗卫生体系建设,重塑医疗卫生服务治理模式,构建专业化治理模式,系统性重构中国医疗卫生领域人才建设。

突发公共卫生事件下的检验技术本科教学改革思考

近年来,在对不确定且影响范围较大的突发公共卫生事件处置中,检验专业发挥了重要的作用,同时也对检验技师在生物安全规范、检测技术整合及参与临床诊断上提出更高的要求.如何培养拥有更全面的理论及实践能力的检验专业人才显得尤为重要.本文从新型冠状病毒感染疫情带给检验专业的挑战及机遇出发,立足本科教育,通过对本科学生在校理论课程设置与临床实习两方面的改革,以期构建顺应突发公共卫生事件要求的检验本科教学体系.

新加坡安宁疗护服务发展经验及其对我国的启示

安宁疗护是保障终末期患者善终权益,提升终末期患者生活质量的有效手段之一。新加坡安宁疗护发展迅猛,目前已逐步建成完善的安宁疗护服务体系,并在最新发布的国家死亡质量排名中位于亚洲前列。本文通过梳理新加坡安宁疗护现状,公众宣教、人才培养、慈善支持以及相关政策法律保障等方面的实践经验,最终提出我国应加强安宁疗护的社会认知、教育培养,发挥慈善团体和非政府组织的力量,提高现有安宁疗护承载力,构建安宁疗护相关制度和法律保障,以期达到实现终末期患者善终需求的目的。