Hunan lotus seed, produced in Xiangtan City, Hunan Province. is a famous product of the province. It has a white colour, a sweet taste and thick pulp. The seed can be eaten as a food or a medicine. In traditional Chin...Hunan lotus seed, produced in Xiangtan City, Hunan Province. is a famous product of the province. It has a white colour, a sweet taste and thick pulp. The seed can be eaten as a food or a medicine. In traditional Chinese medicine, the lotus seed is good for the spleen and the heart and can be used in the treatment of a weak spleen, diarrhea, emission and leukorrhea. It contains 16-17% protein. 2% fat and 66% carbohydrate. One hundred grams of seeds contain 100mg of calcium. 220mg of phosphate, and 5-6mg of iron. as展开更多
Foxtail millet, originated from China and now cultivated worldwide, is a kind of high dietary fiber whole grain food, and has a high level of vitamins and proteins. Furthermore, foxtail millet has many positive effect...Foxtail millet, originated from China and now cultivated worldwide, is a kind of high dietary fiber whole grain food, and has a high level of vitamins and proteins. Furthermore, foxtail millet has many positive effects on the adjuvant treatment of diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases because of the abundance in polyphenols. Nonetheless, foxtail millet has poor processing characteristics due to the absence of gluten, restricting the development of foxtail millet products. Studies have demonstrated that heat-moisture treatment, extrusion, superfine grinding, and microbial fermentation are promising methods to improve the processing qualities of foxtail millet. Heat-moisture treatment is helpful to increase the content of resistant starch but has less influence on other components, further reduce the GI value of foxtail millet. The extrusion has positive effects on improving the solubility of foxtail millet starch and increasing the contents of polyunsaturated fatty acid, linoleic and linolenic acids, and adverse effects on reducing the solubility of foxtail millet proteins and causing losses of nutrients due to Maillard reaction. Superfine grinding can reduce the particle size of foxtail millet to obtain a better mouthfeel of foxtail millet products. The superfine foxtail millet flour has better solubility, higher freeze-thaw stability, and lower gelatinization temperature. Microbial fermentation contributes positively to reducing the molecular weight and retrogradation value of foxtail millet starch, degrading rapidly digested starch, and improving the digestibility of foxtail millet protein. This paper briefly introduced the effects of different processing methods on foxtail millet nutrients, aiming to provide references for increasing the variety and improving the quality of foxtail millet products.展开更多
Japan has a long history of using foods with health benefits and Japanese people are well-known for their longevity.In 1991,the Ministry of Health,Labor and Welfare introduced a functional food regulation called“food...Japan has a long history of using foods with health benefits and Japanese people are well-known for their longevity.In 1991,the Ministry of Health,Labor and Welfare introduced a functional food regulation called“foods for specified health uses”(FOSHU)in Japan.After the introduction of the functional food system,many clinically proven FOSHU products with health benefits have been developed and launched in the market.As a result,the net sales of FOSHU products reached 6.2 billion dollars in 2007.Most of the health claims relate to improving gastro-intestinal health using probiotics.Triglycerides,high blood pressure,high LDL-cholesterol,and high blood glucose are mainly associated with the related health claims.After 2007,the market for FOSHU products was almost saturated.However,a novel functional regulatory system\called“Foods with Function Claims”was established in 2015 based on the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act system established in the USA.Major health claims in the new regulation system are associated with fatigue,eyes,memory,stress,sleep,joints,blood flow,body temperature,muscles,and Body Mass Index.After the introduction of the new system,the total sales for functional foods including FOSHU products reached 8 billion dollars in 2018.The new functional regulatory system is more flexible in terms of health claims,the protocol for clinical studies,and the required results.Therefore,the market for new regulatory products is still growing.In the present paper,the potential of both regulatory systems and some related issues will be discussed.展开更多
[Objectives]To optimize the preparation technology of Yikangshu granule,an anti-fatigue health food.[Methods]The process was studied from three aspects(raw material extraction,excipient selection and forming process),...[Objectives]To optimize the preparation technology of Yikangshu granule,an anti-fatigue health food.[Methods]The process was studied from three aspects(raw material extraction,excipient selection and forming process),and then it was verified in pilot production,and the content of the three components of the product was determined.[Results]The optimum production process of the formula granules was as follows:raw materials were extracted(adding 1∶9 water,extracting twice,2.5 h each time);vacuum concentration;adding excipients and mixing after vacuum drying,crushing and sieving;granulation of 75%ethanol sifted by a 20-mesh sieve;drying at 60℃,sifting through 14-mesh,and packaging.The average content of products obtained was as follows:crude polysaccharides(3204 mg/100 g),total saponins(2295 mg/100 g),astragaloside A(21 mg/100 g).[Conclusions]The optimized preparation technology is stable and feasible,and has a quality that can be controlled,which can provide a reference for the development of health food in food industry.展开更多
Obesity and other nutrition-related non-communicable diseases were virtually non-existent before the advent of industrialized food production.In recent years,a 5-color front-of-package food label(“Nutri-Score”)seeki...Obesity and other nutrition-related non-communicable diseases were virtually non-existent before the advent of industrialized food production.In recent years,a 5-color front-of-package food label(“Nutri-Score”)seeking to demonstrate the overall nutritional value and healthiness of food products has been adopted for voluntary use in some European countries.The Nutri-Score is mainly based on the sugar,salt and calorie content of food items.The present viewpoint discusses whether the Nutri-Score correctly identifies healthy and unhealthy food items and how large an impact the Nutri-Score may have on consumers’choices.Furthermore,other benefits as well as hidden costs and drawbacks in implementing the Nutri-Score will be presented.Despite its reducing of the complex information regarding the contents of foods,the Nutri-Score may provide easily intelligible information regarding healthy nutrition and may become a valuable tool in educating consumers and influencing their food choices.The Nutri-Score may not become a game-changer in combating poor nutrition,but it is helpful in the right circumstances.If an inexpensive public policy,such as front-of-package labeling,makes some positive contribution,there is no reason to argue against its adoption.Even small effects may be relevant when a measure is adopted at population level.展开更多
Due to the changing global environment,sustainable development has become a goal that many cities strive towards.Producing nutritious food is a component of sustainable development.The primary purpose of this paper is...Due to the changing global environment,sustainable development has become a goal that many cities strive towards.Producing nutritious food is a component of sustainable development.The primary purpose of this paper is to assess Birmingham’s suitability for flat rooftop farming.This study explores two examples of rooftop farms:Brooklyn Grange in New York and Thammasat University,the largest rooftop farm in Asia,and they transformed the roof into a productive rooftop farm.This paper proses the tops of the buildings at Birmingham City University to be converted into a flat roof farm with an additional survey into the dietary habits of Birmingham inhabitants.With a productive landscape,one can achieve societal ideals such as urban or communal food self-sufficiency,reduce food imports,transit expenses,and consumer prices,encourage human interaction and connection,and at the same time provide diversified and healthy food.展开更多
Due to the increase in human population,habitat destruction,and the close interaction between humans,animals and the environment,these dynamic changes are a threat to the health of human,animal and environment.Therefo...Due to the increase in human population,habitat destruction,and the close interaction between humans,animals and the environment,these dynamic changes are a threat to the health of human,animal and environment.Therefore,we required intervention consisting of medical,veterinary,environment and other relevant disciplines and sectors in combination.If biological and environmental health is supposed to be optimum,cooperation and coordination is necessary between the multi‐sectoral stakeholders responsible for the efforts.It not limits to a region or country on a worldwide scope.One Health encourages a collaborative,coordinated,and multidisciplinary approach to ensure the health and wellbeing of humans,animals,and the environment across different spatial levels,it aims to optimal health for lives and the environment,and recognizing the interconnection between people,animals,plants,and their shared environment.This review discussed the essential to integrate One Health in the areas of infectious diseases,food safety,antimicrobial resistance,ecological environment,and chronic diseases etc.,and discuss the practice of One Health in each area with some examples,hoping that One Health will serve as a framework to solve the challenges and issues facing China.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate a range of anti-diabetic related properties and some consumer preferred physicochemical properties of selected Sri Lankan traditional rice varieties.Methods:Sudu Heeneti,Goda Heeneti,Masuran and ...Objective:To evaluate a range of anti-diabetic related properties and some consumer preferred physicochemical properties of selected Sri Lankan traditional rice varieties.Methods:Sudu Heeneti,Goda Heeneti,Masuran and Dik Wee varieties were used in this study.Anti-diabetic related properties of bran extracts of selected varieties were studied for methylglyoxal mediated protein glycation inhibition,acetyl and butyryl-cholinesterase inhibition in vitro and anti-hyperglycemic activity in vivo.Further,selected varieties were studied for starch hydrolysis rate in vitro.Physicochemical properties including grain color,size,shape,crude protein,crude fat,ash,dietary fiber and total carbohydrate contents were studied.Results:Brans of selected varieties had significant(P<0.05)and dose dependent methylglyoxal mediated protein glycation inhibition[IC_(50):(174.77±6.65)to(342.87±0.43)μg/mL]and acetyl[IC_(50):(37.00±0.68)to(291.00±3.54)μg/mL]and butyryl-cholinesterase[IC_(50):(18.50±0.60)to(96.60±0.56)μg/mL]inhibitory activities.Further,Sudu Heeneti,Masuran and Dik Wee had low starch digestion rate(52.40±1.44 to 53.76±1.19)indicating that these varieties may be low glycemic index rices.Brans of Masuran tested in rat model showed anti-hyperglycemic activity.Physicochemical properties studied showed that selected varieties were red in color and grain size and shape were mostly medium and bold respectively.Moisture,crude protein,crude fat,ash and total carbohydrate contents varied significantly(P<0.05)among the varieties.Conclusions:It is concluded that selected varieties could be promoted as physicochemically sound rices with a range of anti-diabetic related properties in the management of diabetes and its complications.展开更多
本刊主编去年10月11月间应邀访美。11月17日他应邀访问了VOA.著名播音员 Mr.Kim Elliot与本刊主编进行了一个小时的长谈。临别,Kim还向主编赠送了一些书籍。其中一本标题为《Science in the News》。这是一册 VOA Spe-ical English的节...本刊主编去年10月11月间应邀访美。11月17日他应邀访问了VOA.著名播音员 Mr.Kim Elliot与本刊主编进行了一个小时的长谈。临别,Kim还向主编赠送了一些书籍。其中一本标题为《Science in the News》。这是一册 VOA Spe-ical English的节目精选。本刊曾收到过一些读者的来信。他们从录音中记录了《Science in the News》的部分内容,要求刊发。这些内容确实精彩可读,也非常适合本刊.但是.这些记录文稿难免时现小错.为维护本刊的严肃性及对广大读者负责.本刊考虑再三.不得不“割爱”。现在好了。获VOA的同意,本刊决定从1997年第1期起.在《注释读物》栏目中选刊《Science in the News》的内容.以飨读者。本规《英语佳句/佳作欣赏》一栏刊发了“美国之音Special English节目的语言特色”一文,所有例句均出于本文。请读者不忘一读。同时在此说明,因本刊选登了《Science in the News》,故原拟新设的《科普短文》栏取消。展开更多
文摘Hunan lotus seed, produced in Xiangtan City, Hunan Province. is a famous product of the province. It has a white colour, a sweet taste and thick pulp. The seed can be eaten as a food or a medicine. In traditional Chinese medicine, the lotus seed is good for the spleen and the heart and can be used in the treatment of a weak spleen, diarrhea, emission and leukorrhea. It contains 16-17% protein. 2% fat and 66% carbohydrate. One hundred grams of seeds contain 100mg of calcium. 220mg of phosphate, and 5-6mg of iron. as
基金supported by the Key scientific and technological project of Henan Province(No.202102110143)State Scholarship Fund of China Scholarship Council(No.202008410106)。
文摘Foxtail millet, originated from China and now cultivated worldwide, is a kind of high dietary fiber whole grain food, and has a high level of vitamins and proteins. Furthermore, foxtail millet has many positive effects on the adjuvant treatment of diabetes, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases because of the abundance in polyphenols. Nonetheless, foxtail millet has poor processing characteristics due to the absence of gluten, restricting the development of foxtail millet products. Studies have demonstrated that heat-moisture treatment, extrusion, superfine grinding, and microbial fermentation are promising methods to improve the processing qualities of foxtail millet. Heat-moisture treatment is helpful to increase the content of resistant starch but has less influence on other components, further reduce the GI value of foxtail millet. The extrusion has positive effects on improving the solubility of foxtail millet starch and increasing the contents of polyunsaturated fatty acid, linoleic and linolenic acids, and adverse effects on reducing the solubility of foxtail millet proteins and causing losses of nutrients due to Maillard reaction. Superfine grinding can reduce the particle size of foxtail millet to obtain a better mouthfeel of foxtail millet products. The superfine foxtail millet flour has better solubility, higher freeze-thaw stability, and lower gelatinization temperature. Microbial fermentation contributes positively to reducing the molecular weight and retrogradation value of foxtail millet starch, degrading rapidly digested starch, and improving the digestibility of foxtail millet protein. This paper briefly introduced the effects of different processing methods on foxtail millet nutrients, aiming to provide references for increasing the variety and improving the quality of foxtail millet products.
文摘Japan has a long history of using foods with health benefits and Japanese people are well-known for their longevity.In 1991,the Ministry of Health,Labor and Welfare introduced a functional food regulation called“foods for specified health uses”(FOSHU)in Japan.After the introduction of the functional food system,many clinically proven FOSHU products with health benefits have been developed and launched in the market.As a result,the net sales of FOSHU products reached 6.2 billion dollars in 2007.Most of the health claims relate to improving gastro-intestinal health using probiotics.Triglycerides,high blood pressure,high LDL-cholesterol,and high blood glucose are mainly associated with the related health claims.After 2007,the market for FOSHU products was almost saturated.However,a novel functional regulatory system\called“Foods with Function Claims”was established in 2015 based on the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act system established in the USA.Major health claims in the new regulation system are associated with fatigue,eyes,memory,stress,sleep,joints,blood flow,body temperature,muscles,and Body Mass Index.After the introduction of the new system,the total sales for functional foods including FOSHU products reached 8 billion dollars in 2018.The new functional regulatory system is more flexible in terms of health claims,the protocol for clinical studies,and the required results.Therefore,the market for new regulatory products is still growing.In the present paper,the potential of both regulatory systems and some related issues will be discussed.
基金Research Fund of Langfang Normal University-Doctoral Research Startup Project(XBQ202032)Youth Fund Project of Langfang Normal University(LSLQ201703)National Natural Science Foundation of China(81573526).
文摘[Objectives]To optimize the preparation technology of Yikangshu granule,an anti-fatigue health food.[Methods]The process was studied from three aspects(raw material extraction,excipient selection and forming process),and then it was verified in pilot production,and the content of the three components of the product was determined.[Results]The optimum production process of the formula granules was as follows:raw materials were extracted(adding 1∶9 water,extracting twice,2.5 h each time);vacuum concentration;adding excipients and mixing after vacuum drying,crushing and sieving;granulation of 75%ethanol sifted by a 20-mesh sieve;drying at 60℃,sifting through 14-mesh,and packaging.The average content of products obtained was as follows:crude polysaccharides(3204 mg/100 g),total saponins(2295 mg/100 g),astragaloside A(21 mg/100 g).[Conclusions]The optimized preparation technology is stable and feasible,and has a quality that can be controlled,which can provide a reference for the development of health food in food industry.
文摘Obesity and other nutrition-related non-communicable diseases were virtually non-existent before the advent of industrialized food production.In recent years,a 5-color front-of-package food label(“Nutri-Score”)seeking to demonstrate the overall nutritional value and healthiness of food products has been adopted for voluntary use in some European countries.The Nutri-Score is mainly based on the sugar,salt and calorie content of food items.The present viewpoint discusses whether the Nutri-Score correctly identifies healthy and unhealthy food items and how large an impact the Nutri-Score may have on consumers’choices.Furthermore,other benefits as well as hidden costs and drawbacks in implementing the Nutri-Score will be presented.Despite its reducing of the complex information regarding the contents of foods,the Nutri-Score may provide easily intelligible information regarding healthy nutrition and may become a valuable tool in educating consumers and influencing their food choices.The Nutri-Score may not become a game-changer in combating poor nutrition,but it is helpful in the right circumstances.If an inexpensive public policy,such as front-of-package labeling,makes some positive contribution,there is no reason to argue against its adoption.Even small effects may be relevant when a measure is adopted at population level.
文摘Due to the changing global environment,sustainable development has become a goal that many cities strive towards.Producing nutritious food is a component of sustainable development.The primary purpose of this paper is to assess Birmingham’s suitability for flat rooftop farming.This study explores two examples of rooftop farms:Brooklyn Grange in New York and Thammasat University,the largest rooftop farm in Asia,and they transformed the roof into a productive rooftop farm.This paper proses the tops of the buildings at Birmingham City University to be converted into a flat roof farm with an additional survey into the dietary habits of Birmingham inhabitants.With a productive landscape,one can achieve societal ideals such as urban or communal food self-sufficiency,reduce food imports,transit expenses,and consumer prices,encourage human interaction and connection,and at the same time provide diversified and healthy food.
基金This work was funded by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2018YFE0208000)the Key‐Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province(2018B020241002).
文摘Due to the increase in human population,habitat destruction,and the close interaction between humans,animals and the environment,these dynamic changes are a threat to the health of human,animal and environment.Therefore,we required intervention consisting of medical,veterinary,environment and other relevant disciplines and sectors in combination.If biological and environmental health is supposed to be optimum,cooperation and coordination is necessary between the multi‐sectoral stakeholders responsible for the efforts.It not limits to a region or country on a worldwide scope.One Health encourages a collaborative,coordinated,and multidisciplinary approach to ensure the health and wellbeing of humans,animals,and the environment across different spatial levels,it aims to optimal health for lives and the environment,and recognizing the interconnection between people,animals,plants,and their shared environment.This review discussed the essential to integrate One Health in the areas of infectious diseases,food safety,antimicrobial resistance,ecological environment,and chronic diseases etc.,and discuss the practice of One Health in each area with some examples,hoping that One Health will serve as a framework to solve the challenges and issues facing China.
基金Granted by the Sri Lankan Treasury(10715/TG6)National Science Foundation to Industrial Technology Institute of Sri Lanka.
文摘Objective:To evaluate a range of anti-diabetic related properties and some consumer preferred physicochemical properties of selected Sri Lankan traditional rice varieties.Methods:Sudu Heeneti,Goda Heeneti,Masuran and Dik Wee varieties were used in this study.Anti-diabetic related properties of bran extracts of selected varieties were studied for methylglyoxal mediated protein glycation inhibition,acetyl and butyryl-cholinesterase inhibition in vitro and anti-hyperglycemic activity in vivo.Further,selected varieties were studied for starch hydrolysis rate in vitro.Physicochemical properties including grain color,size,shape,crude protein,crude fat,ash,dietary fiber and total carbohydrate contents were studied.Results:Brans of selected varieties had significant(P<0.05)and dose dependent methylglyoxal mediated protein glycation inhibition[IC_(50):(174.77±6.65)to(342.87±0.43)μg/mL]and acetyl[IC_(50):(37.00±0.68)to(291.00±3.54)μg/mL]and butyryl-cholinesterase[IC_(50):(18.50±0.60)to(96.60±0.56)μg/mL]inhibitory activities.Further,Sudu Heeneti,Masuran and Dik Wee had low starch digestion rate(52.40±1.44 to 53.76±1.19)indicating that these varieties may be low glycemic index rices.Brans of Masuran tested in rat model showed anti-hyperglycemic activity.Physicochemical properties studied showed that selected varieties were red in color and grain size and shape were mostly medium and bold respectively.Moisture,crude protein,crude fat,ash and total carbohydrate contents varied significantly(P<0.05)among the varieties.Conclusions:It is concluded that selected varieties could be promoted as physicochemically sound rices with a range of anti-diabetic related properties in the management of diabetes and its complications.
文摘本刊主编去年10月11月间应邀访美。11月17日他应邀访问了VOA.著名播音员 Mr.Kim Elliot与本刊主编进行了一个小时的长谈。临别,Kim还向主编赠送了一些书籍。其中一本标题为《Science in the News》。这是一册 VOA Spe-ical English的节目精选。本刊曾收到过一些读者的来信。他们从录音中记录了《Science in the News》的部分内容,要求刊发。这些内容确实精彩可读,也非常适合本刊.但是.这些记录文稿难免时现小错.为维护本刊的严肃性及对广大读者负责.本刊考虑再三.不得不“割爱”。现在好了。获VOA的同意,本刊决定从1997年第1期起.在《注释读物》栏目中选刊《Science in the News》的内容.以飨读者。本规《英语佳句/佳作欣赏》一栏刊发了“美国之音Special English节目的语言特色”一文,所有例句均出于本文。请读者不忘一读。同时在此说明,因本刊选登了《Science in the News》,故原拟新设的《科普短文》栏取消。
