Using Sensewear armband and diet journal to promote adolescents' energy balance knowledge and motivation

Purpose： Educating adolescents about energy balance （EB） is essential for effective weight control. This study utilized the Sensewear （SWA） armband and a diet journal to promote adolescents＇ EB knowledge and motivation. Methods： Ninety sixth graders were randomly assigned into the experimental group （n = 46） who utilized SWA and diet journal for 7 consecutive days or the control group （n = 44） who did not. Both groups were pre- and post-measured on EB knowledge, situational interest, and weight. The experimental group was tracked on motivation effort, energy expenditure （EE）, and energy intake （EI）. Results： EB knowledge significantly increased and situational interest remained stable （except for total interest and enjoyment） over time, but these changes did not favor the experimental group. Situational interest and motivation effort were correlated with EE, EI, and/or EB. Conclusion： Tracking EB using the SWA and diet journal is motivating but has limited efficacy in promoting adolescents＇ EB knowledge. Using these two tools as educational technology in conjunction with a focused, systematic, and educational approach has the potential to leverage adolescents＇ EB knowledge, motivation, as well as behaviors for living an energy-balanced lifestyle.

我国传染病防控人员有效激励水平

目的分析2002—2017年全国31省(自治区、直辖市)传染病防控人力资源的有效激励水平及变化趋势,针对人员激励现状探讨有效激励因素的地区分布情况。方法系统收集中国知网(CNKI)和Web of Science数据库中1997—2017年发表的全国31个省(自治区、直辖市)关于传染病防控人员激励问题的研究文献,运用内容分析法进行评阅,判断人员激励问题的严重程度。将文献中提到的人员激励问题的影响因素分成4类并计数,运用卡方检验分析各地区人员有效激励因素的分布情况。结果当前我国传染病防控队伍的有效激励水平不高,仅为31.84%;而且地区差异大,2017年结果显示,地区之间变异系数为32.44%。2002—2017年,各地传染病防控队伍有效激励的改进幅度有限,增长幅度仅为11.13%。全国范围内,经济类因素成为影响传染病防控人员工作积极性的主要原因,在各类因素中占46.25%。在地区层面,中部地区人员激励水平(28.03%)一直落后于东部地区(35.90%)和西部地区(30.67%)。在有效激励因素上,东部地区对教育类因素的关注度(东部地区为17.53%,中部地区为6.82%,西部地区为6.25%)和西部地区对个人与专业支持类因素的关注度(东部地区为15.46%,中部地区为18.18%,西部地区为35.71%)明显高于其他地区。结论我国传染病防控人员激励机制有待完善,特别是中部地区尤为迫切。经济类因素如薪酬待遇已然成为全国范围内影响人员队伍稳定性的主要因素。此外,西部地区应在改善卫生人员生活与工作条件方面继续加强,而东部地区仍可在人才培养、继续教育方面进一步完善激励机制。

Motivations and Training Needs of General Practitioner Preceptors

Background：General practitioner （GP） preceptors play an important role in the cultivation of GPs.Many problems exist in the training of GP preceptors.This study aimed to explore the willingness and training needs of GP preceptors and compare the differences between preceptors from general practice and other specialties.Methods：A total of 375 questionnaire forms were sent to 375 GP preceptors from 11 different provinces,and 344 completed forms were returned.The main outcome included general information,teaching motivations,and training needs of GP preceptors.Results：The study showed that about 89.2% of GP preceptors were willing to be teachers.The majority of respondents strongly agreed that the motivation for becoming a GP supervisor was to learn from teaching.The most important capability they should master was clinical teaching （92.2%）,followed by lecture （83.1%） and doctor-patient communication （83.1%）.The top three preferred methods of GP preceptors training were case discussion （78.8%）,workshop （57.6%）,and classroom teaching （56.4%）.The domains in which most GP preceptors wanted to acquire knowledge and skill were mental health （59.3%）,rehabilitation （47.1%）,pediatrics （41.0%）,and obstetrics （37.5%）.No significant differences were found in the willingness to train GPs （x2 =3.34,P 〉 0.05） and whether they would become or continue to become a GP supervisor after the training （x2 =l.106,P 〉 0.05）.Conclusions：Although most preceptors were under on-the-job training,they were glad to train GPs.To be qualified,preceptors should be trained according to the actual needs of GP preceptors.