Prokaryotic Expression and Purification of Heat Shock Factor HSF1 in Arabidopsis thaliana

[ Objective ] This study was to express and purify Arabidopsis thaliana heat shock factor HSF1. [ Method ] Using Escherichia coli M15 harboring HSF1 （pQE32/His6-HSF1, pREP4） as experimental materials, HSF1 was induced to express with isopropyl-β-D-galactoside （IPTG） ; then the expression product was purified using Ni-NTA-agarose affinity chromatography and analyzed by SDS-PAGE. [Result] HSF1 of Arabidopsis thaliana was successfully expressed and purified. [ Conclusion] This study provides materials for understanding the blinding site of HSF1 on Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome, further laying a good foundation for revealing the regulatory mechanism and physiological function of HSF1.

Role of transcription factor Egr-1 in liver injury following hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation

Objective: To investigate the role of transcription factor Egr-1 in liver injury following hemorrhagic shock (HS) /resuscitation (R). Methods: Both Egr-1 knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice were subjected to HS and HSR injuries. The expressions of TNF-α, IL-6, G-CSF and ICAM-1 mRNAs in the liver were examined by RT-PCR, and their serum levels were measured by ELISA. The liver inflammatory infiltration and liver injury in both Egr-1 WT and KO mice following HS/R were evaluated by liver MPO content, serum ALT level and histological examination. Results: Egr-1 inhibition resulted in less mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-6 , G-CSF and ICAM-1 in the liver, and lower serum levels of TNF-α, IL-6, G-CSF and ICAM-1 antigens in Egr-1 KO mice following HS/R. The liver inflammatory infiltration and liver injury were less severe in Egr-1 KO mice following HS/R, as evidenced by lower serum ALT level, lower hepatic MPO content and histological manifestations. Conclusion: Our data suggest that transcription factor Egr-1 is involved in regulating the expression of inflammatory response genes and plays a role in liver injury following HS/R.

Constitutively Expressed αB—Crystallin in Heat Schock Transcription Factor 1 Knockout Mice Myocardium

Objective-To investigate the effects of heat shock transcription factor 1) gene on the constitutivety expressed αB-CrystaUin (aBC) in mice myocardium. Methods-The expression levels of constitutive aBC in HSF1 knockout (hsf1 - /- ) and HSFl wild type (As/1 + /+) mice myocardium were evaluated by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results : The αBC levels in hsfl -/- and hsfl +/+ were 68. 42±4. 16, 100. 00±7. 58, respectively (P<0. 05, cytoso-lic fraction) , and 20. 53±1. 01, 37. 55±1. 91, respectively (P<0. 05, pellet fraction). The aBC signals decreased significantly in hsfl -/- myocardium when compared with those in hsfl +/+ myocardium stained with fluorescence immunohistochemistry. Conclusion-HSF1 is an important, but not the only factor, which mediates the constitutively expressed aBC.

Microarray-based Screening of Target Genes Regulated by Heat Shock Factor AtHsfA1a in Arabidopsis thaliana

[ Objective] This study aimed to screen target genes regulated by heat shock factor AtHsfAla in Arabidopsis thaliana. [ Method] Using AtHsfAla-in- serted mutant athsfala （SALK-068042） and wild-type A. thaliana seedlings as experimental materials, target genes regulated by heat shock factor AtHsfAla were screened by microarray assay. Differentially expressed genes were screened by multiple method. Specific functions of differentially expressed genes were analyzed by gene ontology （GO） analysis. Signal transduction pathways, in which differentia｜ly expressed genes were involved, were analyzed by pathway analysis. Gene-gene interaction network was constructed by Signal-Net. [ Result] A total of 3 672 differentially expressed genes were screened out. Up-regulated differentially expressed genes were involved in 198 functions and 7 signal transduction pathways; down-regulated differentially expressed genes were involved in 94 functions and 10 signal transduction pathways. In the signal transduction network, it was found that cwlNV4 and HXK3 had relatively high ability of mediation; AT1 G14240 and cwlNV4 ex- hibited the most interactions with other genes, which were located in key positions throughout the gene-gene interaction network. [ Conclusion] Heat shock factor AtHsfAla regulates a large number of target genes in A. thaliana.

Construction of Plant Expression Vector of Heat Shock Factor Gene AtHsfA1a from Arabidopsis

[ Objective ] Heat shock factors （HSFs） are the major transcription factors of eukaryotic heat shock responses. This study aims to investigate the adversity stress tolerance functions of Arabidopsis heat shock factor AtHsfAla, which has important significance for in-depth understanding of adversity stress tolerance mechanisms of plants and further utilization of heat shock factor genes. [Method] Genomic DNA of Arabidopsis was extracted with CTAB method and purified to obtain Arabidopsis DNA samples for in vitro site-specific recombination cloning （ Gateway cloning） to construct plant expression vector of heat shock factor AtHs- fAla. Firstly, donor vector pDONR 201/AtHsfAla was constructed based on attB and attP site-specific recombination method （BP reaction）, to identify E. coli transformants harboring correct sequence of AtHsfAla by sequencing; secondly, plant expression vector pBTWG2/AttlsfAla overexpressing Arabidopsis heat shock factor AtHsfAla was constructed based on attL and attR site-specific recombination method （LR reaction）, to screen E. coli transformants harboring target plasmid. [ Result] Plant expression vector of Arabidopsis heat shock factor gene AtHsfAla was constructed successfully. [ Conclusion] This study not only provided experimental materials for acquiring transgenic plants overexpressing heat shock transcription factor AtHsfAla, but also laid the foundation for further investigation of the diversity of adversity stress tolerance functions reanlated by HSFs.

Dorsomorphin induces cancer cell apoptosis and sensitizes cancer cells to HSP90 and proteasome inhibitors by reducing nuclear heat shock factor 1 levels

Objective: Heat shock factor 1(HSF1), a transcriptional regulator of heat shock proteins(HSPs), is an attractive therapeutic target for cancer. However, only a few HSF1 inhibitors have been identified so far.Methods: The mRNA and protein levels of HSF1, HSPs, cleaved PARP, and phosphorylated HSF1 were examined by real-time PCR and Western blot. Forced expression, RNA interference, and immunofluorescence assay were used for mechanistic studies.Cell viability and apoptosis were measured by WST-8 assay and flow cytometry, respectively. Xenograft studies were performed in nude mice to evaluate the effect of dorsomorphin and an HSP90 inhibitor on tumor growth.Results: Dorsomorphin suppressed multiple stimuli-induced and constitutive HSPs expression in cancer cells. Mechanistic studies revealed that dorsomorphin reduced heat-induced HSP expression independent of adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase. Dorsomorphin reduced heat-stimulated HSF1 Ser320 phosphorylation and nuclear translocation, as well as resting nuclear HSF1 levels in cancer cells. Dorsomorphin induced cancer cell apoptosis by inhibiting HSF1 expression. A structure-activity study revealed that the 4-pyridyl at the 3-site of the pyrazolo [1, 5-a]pyrimidine ring is critical for the anti-HSF1 activities of dorsomorphin. Dorsomorphin sensitized cancer cells to HSP90 and proteasome inhibitors and inhibited HSP70 expression induced by these inhibitors in vitro. In tumor-bearing nude mice, dorsomorphin enhanced HSP90 inhibitor-induced cancer cell apoptosis, tumor growth inhibition, and HSP70 expression.Conclusions: Dorsomorphin is an HSF1 inhibitor. It induces cancer cell apoptosis, sensitizes cancer cells to both HSP90 and proteasome inhibitors, and suppresses HSP upregulation by these drugs, which may prevent the development of drug resistance.Hence, dorsomorphin and its derivates may serve as potential precursors for developing drugs against cancer.

Heat shock factor 1 promotes neurite outgrowth and suppresses inflammation in the severed spinal cord of geckos

The low intrinsic growth capacity of neurons and an injury-induced inhibitory milieu are major contributo rs to the failure of sensory and motor functional recovery following spinal cord injury.Heat shock transcription factor 1(HSF1),a master regulator of the heat shock response,plays neurogenetic and neuroprotective roles in the damaged or diseased central nervous system.However,the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated.In the present study,we used a gecko model of spontaneous nerve regeneration to investigate the potential roles of gecko HSF1(gHSF1) in the regulation of neurite outgrowth and inflammatory inhibition of macrophages following spinal cord injury.gHSF1 expression in neurons and microglia at the lesion site increased dramatically immediately after tail amputation.gHSF1 ove rexpression in gecko primary neuro ns significantly promoted axonal growth by suppressing the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling-3,and fa cilitated neuro nal survival via activation of the mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase/extracellular regulated protein kinases and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B pathways.Furthermore,gHSF1 efficiently inhibited the macrophagemediated inflammatory response by inactivating 1kappa B-alpha/NF-kappaB signaling.Our findings show that HSF1 plays dual roles in promoting axonal regrowth and inhibiting leukocyte inflammation,and provide new avenues of investigation for promoting spinal co rd injury repair in mammals.

Requirement for endogenous heat shock factor 1 in inducible nitric oxide synthase induction in murine microglia

Aim Inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） makes a great contribution to host defense and inflamma-tion. In many settings, lipopolysaccharide （LPS） induces iNOS expression through activation of the inhibitor of KB- α （IKB-α） -nuclear factor-KB （NF-KB） cascade, whereas interferon-γ （IFN-γ） acts through Janus kinase （ JAK）- signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 （ STAT1 ） signals. Heat shock factor 1 （ HSF1 ）, a major regulator of heat shock protein transcription, has been shown to regulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） and interleukin-6 （IL-6）. But it remains obscure whether and how HSF1 affects iNOS induction. Methods Western blot was used to measure the protein expression. The mRNA level was meas- ured by real time-PCR. Silence of HSF1 was achieved by small interfering RNA. Nitric oxide （NO） content and NF-KB binding activity were assayed by commercial kits. Chromatin immunoprecipitation （CHIP） was used to measure the binding activity of NF-KB and STAT1 to iNOS promoters. Results HSF1 inhibition or knockdown pre- vented the LPS- and/or IFN-γ-stimulated iNOS protein expression in cultured microglia. HSF1 inhibition blocked iNOS mRNA transcription. These inhibitory effects of HSF1 inhibition on iNOS expression were confirmed in brain tissues from endotoxemic mice. Further analysis showed that HSF1 inhibition had no effect on IKB-α degradation and NF-KB or STAT1 phosphorylation in LPS/IFN-γ-stimulated cells. The nuclear transport of active NF-KB or STAT1 was also not affected by HSF1 inhibition. But HSF1 inhibition reduced the binding of NF-KB and STAT1 to their DNA elements. In addition, HSF1 inhibition reduced NF-KB and STAT1 bindings to iNOS promoter inside the LPS/IFN-γ-stimulated cells. Conclusions This preventing effect of HSF1 inhibition on iNOS mRNA transcription presents the necessary role of HSF1 in iNOS induction.

Role of hippocampal dentate gyrus neurons in the protective effects of heat shock factor 1 on working memory

Increasing evidence suggests that heat shock factor 1 exerts endogenous protective effects on working memory under conditions of chronic psychological stress. However, the precise underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study examined the protective factors affecting working memory in heat shock transcription factor 1 gene knockout mice. The results indicated that the number of correct T maze alternations decreased following mild chronic psychological stress in knockout mice. This change was accompanied by a decrease in neurogenesis and an increase in neuronal apoptosis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus. The number of correct T maze alternations was positively correlated with neurogenesis in hippocampal dentate gyrus, and negatively correlated with neuronal apoptosis. In wild type mice, no significant difference was detected in the number of correct T maze alternations or neuronal apoptosis in hippocampal dentate gyrus. These results indicate that the heat shock factor 1 gene has an endogenous protective role in working memory during mild chronic psychological stress associated with dentate gyrus neuronal apoptosis Moreover, dentate gyrus neurogenesis appears to participate in the protective mechanism.

HSF1/AMPK信号通路在铁死亡参与糖尿病心肌病发病的机制研究

目的:探讨热休克因子1(heat shock factor 1,HSF1)/5′-单磷酸腺苷活化蛋白激酶(adenosine monophosphate activated protein kinase,AMPK)信号通路调控铁死亡对糖尿病心肌病(diabetic cardiomyopathy,DCM)发病的影响。方法:本研究为实验研究,采用空白对照与多组实验对照。H9c2细胞随机分为4组:低葡萄糖组(control,Con)、高葡萄糖组(high glucose,HG)、HG+HSF1组、HG+HSF1+化合物C(compound C,CC)组。分别对细胞进行罗丹明胶质蛋白染色、细胞线粒体(reactive oxygen species,ROS)检测和细胞脂质ROS检测,并通过Western blot分析AMPK信号表达。雄性C57/BL6小鼠随机分为4组:NC组、NC+HSF1组、DM组和DM+HSF1组,每组12只。通过超声心动图评估了小鼠心血管功能参数。结果:与Con组相比,HG组HSF1、pAMPK/AMPK水平明显下调(P=0.005、0.002),和相对细胞表面积、线粒体Fe2+水平、线粒体ROS水平、细胞脂质ROS水平明显增加(P=0.001、0.003、0.006、0.002)。与HG组相比,HG+HSF1组明显逆转了这些变化(P=0.001、0.001、0.002、0.006、0.007、0.003),但加入CC时HSF1的逆转作用明显减弱(P<0.05)。与NC组相比,DM组EF%、FS%、E/A、E′/A′和心脏组织中HSF1、pAMPK/AMPK表达明显降低(均P<0.01),和心脏组织中Fe2+、ROS、丙二醛(Malondialdehyde,MDA)水平和4-羟基壬烯酸(4-Hydroxynonenal,4-HNE)蛋白水平明显增加(P=0.004、0.003、0.001、0.004),DM+HSF1组明显逆转了这些变化。结论:HSF1在DCM病理过程中发挥心脏保护作用,其抗铁死亡作用可能与AMPK依赖性的脂质代谢和线粒体稳态调节有关。

Advance in Research on Biological Function and TranscriptionalControl of Heat Shock Proteins

The regulation of heat shock transcription factor to heat shock protein expression and the newest knowledge about the effect of heat shock protein on aging,immune response and the balance of cell survival and apoptosis are summarized in the paper.

The Heat Shock Protein Story—From Taking mTORC1,2 and Heat Shock Protein Inhibitors as Therapeutic Measures for Treating Cancers to Development of Cancer Vaccines

Heat shock proteins (HSPs) serve to correct proteins’ conformation, send the damaged proteins for degradation (quality control function). Heat shock factors (HSFs) are their transcription factors. The protein complexes mTOR1 and 2 (with the same core mTOR), the phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 (PDK1), the seine/threonine-specific protein kinase (Akt), HSF1, plus their associated proteins form a network participating in protein synthesis, bio-energy generation, signaling for apoptosis with the help of HSPs. A cancer cell synthesizes proteins at fast rate and needs more HSPs to work on quality control. Shutting down this network would lead to cell death. Thus inhibitors of mTOR (mTORI) and inhibitors of HSPs (HSPI) could drive cancer cell to apoptosis—a “passive approach”. On the other hand, HSPs form complexes with polypeptides characteristic of the cancer cells;on excretion from the cell, they becomes antigens for the immunity cells, eventually leading to maturation of the cytotoxic T cells, forming the basic principle of preparing cancer-specific, person-specific vaccine. Recent finding shows that HSP70 can penetrate cancer cell and expel its analog to extracellular region, giving the hope to prepare a non-person-specific vaccine covering a variety of cancers. Activation of anti-cancer immunity is the “active approach”. On the other hand, mild hyperthermia, with increase of intracellular HSPs, has been found to activate the immunity response, and demonstrate anti-cancer effects. There are certain “mysteries” behind the mechanisms of the active and passive approaches. We analyze the mechanisms involved and provide explanations to some mysteries. We also suggest future research to improve our understanding of these two approaches, in which HSPs play many roles.

GmHSFA1基因克隆及其过量表达提高转基因大豆的耐热性

热激转录因子在调节植物对逆境胁迫应答和热激蛋白基因表达方面起重要作用。采用生物信息学和比较基因组学方法结合RACE技术从大豆基因组中克隆到一个新的热激转录因子基因GmHsfA1,其cDNA全长1 781 bp,包含1个1 533 bp的开放阅读框,编码含有510个氨基酸残基的蛋白质(GenBank登录号为AY458843)。与其他转录因子的分子结构相似,GmHSFA1也含有4个典型的结构功能域-DNA结合域、寡聚域、核定位信号和C端激活域。BLAST分析表明,GmHSFA1与其同源性最高的番茄热激转录因子LpHSFA1之间的氨基酸序列相似性为52．46％。RT-PCR、Northern和遗传转化结果显示:1)GmHsfA1在大豆的不同组织中呈现组成型表达模式;2)常温下转基因大豆植株的GmHsfA1表达水平明显高于非转基因对照;3)GmHsfA1的过量表达激活了转基因大豆植株中热激蛋白基因GmHsp22在非诱导条件下的转录,并加强了高温胁迫下另2个热激蛋白基因GmHsp23和GmHsp70的表达;4)转GmHsfA1大豆植株的耐热温度(达52℃)明显高于非转基因植株。上述结果说明,GmHsfA1的过量表达激活或促进其下游3个热激蛋白基因的转录或表达,明显提高了转基因大豆植株的耐热能力。

HSF1与XAF1基因在子宫内膜癌组织中的表达及其相关性分析

目的检测HSF1与XAF1基因在子宫内膜组织中的表达,分析其与临床病理学特征的关系。方法采用免疫组织化学S-P法检测64例子宫内膜癌组织(EC组)、33例正常子宫内膜组织(NE组)中两者的表达情况,并观察其相关性。结果子宫内膜癌组织中HSF1阳性表达率为76.6%,显著高于正常子宫内膜组织36.4%(P<0.05);子宫内膜癌及正常子宫内膜组织XAF1阳性率分别为31.2%和72.7%,差别具有统计学意义(P<0.05);在EC组中HSF1的阳性表达率在不同的组织学分级、肌层浸润及淋巴结转移间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);在EC组中XAF1的阳性表达率在不同的组织学分级、肌层浸润、手术病理分期及淋巴结转移间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);子宫内膜癌组织中HSF1与XAF1表达水平呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论在子宫内膜癌组织中HSF1的高表达可能通过抑制XAF1的表达致使细胞过度生长,抑制肿瘤细胞发生凋亡,导致肿瘤进一步发展。

HSF1基因敲除小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞的永生化

目的:建立HSF1-/-,HSF1+/+两种基因型小鼠胚胎成纤维永生化细胞系,为HSF1的功能研究提供实验模型。方法:用脂质体介导的基因转染法将pSV 3 neo质粒导入HSF1-/-,HSF1+/+两种基因型小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞,经G 4 1 8筛选,抗性克隆扩大培养,建立永生化细胞系;用PCR检测两种细胞株中目的基因的整合,用RT-PCR法鉴定SV 4 0T基因在转染细胞中的表达;用W estern b lot检测所建细胞株的诱导型热休克蛋白7 0的表达情况。结果:有3个细胞克隆已扩大培养稳定传代达6个月,经鉴定SV 4 0 T抗原已整合到两种细胞中且稳定表达,HSF1-/-胚胎成纤维细胞热休克蛋白7 0的诱导表达消失。结论:成功建立永生化HSF1-/-,HSF1+/+两种基因型小鼠胚胎成纤维细胞。

HSF1基因剔除对HSR抗内毒素血症的影响

利用内毒素(LPS)血症小鼠模型,观察HSF1基因剔除对热休克反应(HSR)保护作用的影响.采用腹腔注射LPS建立内毒素血症小鼠模型,HSR采用肛温42℃维持15min,室温恢复24h,利用RT-PCR、苏木素-伊红(HE)染色、丙二醛测定以及死亡率,计算和分析重要脏器组织中炎症介质基因的表达、脏器损伤程度及小鼠存活率.注射LPS15mg/kg72h后HSR+LPS(HSF1+/+)组存活率(7/15)显著高于LPS(HSF1+/+)组(0/15)、LPS(HSF1-/-)组(0/14)和HSR+LPS(HSF1-/-)组(0/14),而注射LPS14mg/kg72h后,LPS(HSF1+/+)组存活率(5/15)显著高于LPS(HSF1-/-)组(0/13)和HSR+LPS(HSF1-/-)组(0/13).在注射LPS12h后LPS(HSF1+/+)组、LPS(HSF1-/-)组和HSR+LPS(HSF1-/-)组的心、肺组织丙二醛含量显著升高,但HSR+LPS(HSF1+/+)组不升高.肺组织炎症介质基因IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α、CCL-2、SOCS3、MCSF、GCSF、IL-15在LPS(HSF1-/-)组和LPS(HSF1+/+)组表达上调,HSR+LPS(HSF1-/-)组除IL-15较低外其他上调更甚,HSR+LPS(HSF1+/+)组除IL-1β和TNF-α较高外其他显著下调.注射LPS后LPS(HSF1+/+)组和LPS(HSF1-/-)组的肺、肝、肾病理形态改变明显,HSR+LPS(HSF1+/+)组改变较轻,HSR+LPS(HSF1-/-)组改变更加严重.HSF1基因剔除能显著消减HSR对内毒素血症小鼠的保护作用.

HSF1与XAF1基因在胃肠肿瘤中表达的研究

目的探讨X连锁凋亡抑制蛋白(XIAP)相关因子1(XAF1)与热休克转录因子1(HSF1)在胃肠癌中的表达情况及其相互关系。方法应用免疫印迹分析法检测胃癌、大肠癌组织以及胃肠道肿瘤细胞株中的XAF1及HSF1蛋白表达;用含有HSF1的真核表达载体转染胃肠道肿瘤细胞株或用RNA干扰的方法上调或下调HSF1表达,同步检测对XAF1表达的影响;用应激原(stressstimuli)刺激诱导HSF1表达,观察对XAF1表达的作用。结果在胃肠癌组织中HSF1的表达高于正常组织;在胃肠癌细胞株中XAF1与HSF1的表达呈负相关,应激刺激上调HSF1的同时下调XAF1表达。结论胃肠道肿瘤细胞高表达HSF1,其结果是抑制XAF1表达,这种机制应该是XAF1在(胃肠道)肿瘤细胞中低表达并导致肿瘤细胞凋亡缺失的原因之一。

HSF1抑制热应激所致RAW264.7巨噬细胞凋亡

目的:探讨热休克因子1(heat shock factor 1,HSF1)对热应激所致Raw2 6 4.7巨噬细胞凋亡的影响。方法:采用热应激(4 2.5℃±0.5℃)处理稳定表达小鼠HSF1基因的Raw2 6 4.7巨噬细胞1h,3 7℃分别恢复6,9,1 2,2 4 h,采用流式细胞术,hoechst3 3 2 5 8染色和DNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测细胞凋亡。结果:流式细胞术结果显示,热应激后对照组(转空载体)细胞凋亡核百分率较热应激前明显升高,9 h达峰值(约为6 0%),此时荧光染色可见3 0%的细胞出现核固缩,凋亡小体等典型的凋亡形态学改变;并于热应激后6,9,1 2 h均能检测到清晰的DNA梯状条带。与转空载体对照组相比,HSF1过表达能显著降低热应激所致凋亡及明显抑制DNA的断裂。结论:HSF1可以抑制热应激所致的Raw2 6 4.7巨噬细胞凋亡。

家兔发热过程中单核细胞HSF1聚合与IL-1β、TNF-αmRNA表达的关系

目的:探讨热休克因子1(HSF1)参与体温调控的作用及其生物学机制。方法:在复制家兔LPS发热模型基础上,检测在发热过程中单核细胞HSF1的表达与IL-1β、TNF-αmRNA表达之间的关系。结果:注射LPS0.5μg/kg后家兔体温明显升高,在60min和180min时出现两个体温高峰;由LPS引起发热过程中单核细胞TNF-α、IL-1βmRNA表达量分别在80min和160min达高峰,400min以内降至基础水平;单核细胞HSF1三聚体含量在体温上升到一定水平,即从注射LPS后160min开始逐渐增多。LPS致发热时单核细胞HSF1三聚体含量与单核细胞IL-1β、TNF-αmRNA表达量之间呈现负相关关系;而体温与单核细胞IL-1βmRNA表达量呈现正相关动态变化。结论:在LPS致发热时HSF1可能通过抑制IL-1β、TNF-α等内生性致热原基因的表达而限制体温升高。

HSF1基因缺失通过上调microRNA-195a-3p加速压力超负荷下心脏重构

目的:探讨热休克转录因子1(HSF1)调控微小RNA-195a-3p (miR-195a-3p)对心肌微血管内皮细胞血管新生功能的影响,旨在阐明HSF1基因缺失加重压力超负荷下心脏重构的病理分子机制。方法:压力超负荷动物模型采用小鼠主动脉弓缩窄(TAC),辅以心脏超声功能评价。在体实验分组为HSF1基因敲除(HSF1^(-/-))小鼠假手术组、C57BL/6野生型(WT)小鼠假手术组、HSF1^(-/-)小鼠TAC模型组和C57BL/6 WT小鼠TAC组;细胞实验分组为对照组、miR-195a-3p模拟物干预组和阴性对照microRNA(miR-NC)干预组。TAC术后4周,通过病理组织切片检测各组小鼠心肌肥厚(HE染色)和血管新生(CD31染色),小鼠心超检查心脏主要功能指标变化;通过生物信息软件TargetScan 6.2结合萤光素酶(luciferase)报告基因检测,以及Western blot验证,测定miR-195a-3p调控血管新生的下游分子靶点;并用miR-195a-3p诱导微血管内皮细胞,观察其对细胞成管能力的影响。结果:HSF1缺失会导致TAC诱导的小鼠左心室重构加重。芯片筛查结果表明HSF1缺失可促进心脏12种microRNAs表达上调,5种microRNAs在心肌微血管内皮细胞中表达显著升高,其中miR-195a-3p的增高具有统计学显著性。miR-195a-3p过表达可以有效抑制微血管内皮细胞CD31和血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达,阻滞细胞形成管腔样结构。TargetScan 6.2预测miR-195a-3p的靶点为AMP活化蛋白激酶α2(AMPKα2),在微血管内皮细胞用miR-195a-3p模拟物干预可以有效抑制AMPKα2的表达,同时miR-195a-3p模拟物也抑制了CD31和VEGF的表达。结论:HSF1基因缺失导致的miR-195a-3p表达上调是加速压力超负荷下心脏重构的重要诱因,其机制可能是通过抑制AMPKα2介导的血管新生信号通路的激活。