Influence of High Temperature on the Expression of Arabidopsis Heat Shock Transcription Factor AtHsfA1a

[ Objective] This study ~med to investigate the influence of high temperature on the expression of heat shock transcription factor AtHsfAla in different genotypes of Arabidopsis. [ Method ] Arabidopsis plants overexpressing heat shock transcription factor AtHsfA1 a were used as experimental materials and treated un- der high temperature at 39℃ for 1 rain and 5 min; total RNA of AtI-IsfAla was extracted, and the reverse transcription and amplification were conducted using RT- PCR technology, the amplification products were detected by electrophoresis. [ Result ] The expression levels of AtHsfA1 a in Arabidopsis plants overexpressing heat shock transcription factor AtHsfAla at high temperature and room temperature were higher than wild-type Arabidopsis; the expression levels of AtHsfAla in both wild-type Arab/dops/s and transgenic Arabidopsls plants overexpressing heat shock transcription factor AtHsfAla at high temperature of 39 ~C were higher than that at room temperature of 25 ~C, but the expression levels of AtHsfAla in wild-type Arab/dops/s and transgenic Arab/dops/s plants overexpressing heat shock transcription factor AtHsfAla varied little after high temperature treatment at 39 ~C for 1 rain or 5 rain. [ Conclusion] The expression of AtHsfAla is induced rapidly by high tem- perature, thus regulating the expression of early adversity-resistant genes. This study will lay the foundation demonstrating the mechanism of Arabidopsis heat shock transcription factor AtHsfAla.

The ZmHSF08-ZmUGT92A1 module regulates heat tolerance by altering reactive oxygen species levels in maize

GTs(Glycosyltransferases)are important in plant growth and abiotic stresses.However,its role in maize heat response is far from clear.Here,we describe the constitutively expressed UDP-glycosyltransferase ZmUGT92A1,which has a highly conserved PSPG box and is localized in chloroplasts,is induced under heat stress.Functional disruption of ZmUGT92A1 leads to heat sensitivity and reactive oxygen species accumulation in maize.Metabolomics analysis revealed that ZmUGT92A1 affected multiple metabolic pathways and altered the metabolic homeostasis of flavonoids under heat stress.In vitro assay showed ZmUGT92A1 exhibits glycosyltransferase activity on flavonoids and hormones.Additionally,we identified a rapidly heat-induced transcription factor,ZmHSF08,which can directly bind and repress the promoter region of ZmUGT92A1.The ZmHSF08 overexpression line exhibits heat sensitivity and reactive oxygen species accumulation.These findings reveal that the ZmHSF08-ZmUGT92A1 module plays a role in heat tolerance in maize and provide candidate strategies for the development of heat-tolerant varieties.

Prokaryotic Expression and Purification of Heat Shock Factor HSF1 in Arabidopsis thaliana

[ Objective ] This study was to express and purify Arabidopsis thaliana heat shock factor HSF1. [ Method ] Using Escherichia coli M15 harboring HSF1 （pQE32/His6-HSF1, pREP4） as experimental materials, HSF1 was induced to express with isopropyl-β-D-galactoside （IPTG） ; then the expression product was purified using Ni-NTA-agarose affinity chromatography and analyzed by SDS-PAGE. [Result] HSF1 of Arabidopsis thaliana was successfully expressed and purified. [ Conclusion] This study provides materials for understanding the blinding site of HSF1 on Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome, further laying a good foundation for revealing the regulatory mechanism and physiological function of HSF1.

Advance in Research on Biological Function and TranscriptionalControl of Heat Shock Proteins

The regulation of heat shock transcription factor to heat shock protein expression and the newest knowledge about the effect of heat shock protein on aging,immune response and the balance of cell survival and apoptosis are summarized in the paper.

Constitutively Expressed αB—Crystallin in Heat Schock Transcription Factor 1 Knockout Mice Myocardium

Objective-To investigate the effects of heat shock transcription factor 1) gene on the constitutivety expressed αB-CrystaUin (aBC) in mice myocardium. Methods-The expression levels of constitutive aBC in HSF1 knockout (hsf1 - /- ) and HSFl wild type (As/1 + /+) mice myocardium were evaluated by western blot and immunohistochemistry. Results : The αBC levels in hsfl -/- and hsfl +/+ were 68. 42±4. 16, 100. 00±7. 58, respectively (P<0. 05, cytoso-lic fraction) , and 20. 53±1. 01, 37. 55±1. 91, respectively (P<0. 05, pellet fraction). The aBC signals decreased significantly in hsfl -/- myocardium when compared with those in hsfl +/+ myocardium stained with fluorescence immunohistochemistry. Conclusion-HSF1 is an important, but not the only factor, which mediates the constitutively expressed aBC.

Genetic variation in a heat shock transcription factor modulates cold tolerance in maize

Understanding how maize(Zea mays)responds to cold stress is crucial for facilitating breeding programs of cold-tolerant varieties.Despite extensive utilization of the genome-wide association study(GWAs)approach for exploring favorable natural alleles associated with maize cold tolerance,few studies have successfully identified candidate genes that contribute to maize cold tolerance.In this study,we used a diverse panel of inbred maize lines collected from different germplasm sources to perform a GWAS on var-iations in the relative injured area of maize true leaves during cold stress-a trait very closely correlated with maize cold tolerance.We identified HsF21,which encodes a B-class heat shock transcription factor(HSF)that positively regulates cold tolerance at both the seedling and germination stages.Natural varia-tions in the promoter of the cold-tolerant HSF21Hap1 allele led to increased HSF21 expression under cold stress by inhibiting binding of the basic leucine zipper bziP68 transcription factor,a negative regulator of cold tolerance.By integrating transcriptome deep sequencing,DNA affinity purification sequencing,and targeted lipidomic analysis,we revealed the function of HsF21 in regulating lipid metabolism homeo-stasis to modulate cold tolerance in maize.In addition,we found that HsF21 confers maize cold tolerance without incurring yield penalties.Collectively,this study establishes HsF21 as a key regulator that en-hances cold tolerance in maize,providing valuable genetic resources for breeding of cold-tolerant maize varieties.

热激转录因子HSF调控植物非生物胁迫响应的作用机制

热激转录因子(Heat shock transcription factors,HSF)是植物抵抗热胁迫最重要的转录因子家族之一,广泛存在于真核生物。HSF拥有高度保守的DNA结合域,可参与复杂的胁迫信号转导和响应网络。HSF作为信号转导链的末端组分,介导非生物逆境胁迫下靶标基因的表达。在逆境胁迫响应中,HSF受上游蛋白激酶介导磷酸化和泛素化或通过ABA信号通路结合热激元件,调控热激蛋白等下游基因的表达,从而提高植物的抗逆性。本文综述HSF的发现、结构、分类、调控机制及其在植物响应非生物逆境胁迫(极端温度、干旱、高盐碱和重金属等)中的作用机制,并对未来研究方向加以展望,以期为农作物和牧草抗逆性遗传改良提供理论依据和基因资源。

水稻热激转录因子HsfA2b调控非生物胁迫抗性的功能分析

【目的】水稻在生长发育过程中,常会受到各种非生物胁迫而严重影响产量。热激转录因子作为植物抗逆过程中的一个重要元件,通过调控一系列胁迫响应基因的表达以提高植物抗逆性。探究水稻热激转录因子OsHsfA2b调控非生物胁迫的功能与初步机理,为培育水稻抗逆新品种提供了优异基因资源和理论支撑。【方法】通过构建OsHsfA2b过量表达和RNAi的转基因水稻,分别观察水稻幼苗在高温、低温、干旱和高盐处理后的抗逆表型,统计存活率。同时,在逆境胁迫处理后,通过DAB染色检测水稻叶片活性氧(ROS)含量及RT-qPCR检测抗氧化途径相关基因OsSOD和OsCAT的表达量,分析OsHsfA2b对抗氧化途径的调控作用。【结果】在高温、低温、干旱和高盐等非生物胁迫条件下,水稻热激转录因子OsHsfA2b被显著诱导表达。与野生型NPB相比,OsHsfA2b过量表达转基因水稻对非生物胁迫的抗性明显增强,植株损伤程度较轻,存活率提高。相反,OsHsfA2b-RNAi水稻对非生物胁迫更加敏感,植株损伤严重,存活率降低。此外,在非生物胁迫条件下,OsHsfA2b过量表达转基因水稻比NPB和OsHsfA2bRNAi水稻体内活性氧的含量减少,并且OsHsfA2b显著诱导了抗氧化途径相关基因OsSOD和OsCAT的表达,OsHsfA2b参与抑制水稻体内活性氧的积累以降低逆境胁迫诱导的活性氧大量积累对植株的伤害。【结论】非生物胁迫下,水稻热激转录因子OsHsfA2b被显著诱导表达,可通过抗氧化途径正调控水稻对逆境胁迫的抗性。

木薯MeHsfB3b转录因子与MeFKBP20蛋白互作关系验证

热激转录因子MeHsfB3b是调控木薯抗细菌性枯萎病的重要节点,前期通过酵母双杂交技术获得MeHsfB3b的候选互作蛋白MeFKBP20,该蛋白属于FKBP型肽脯氨酰顺反异构酶基因家族。本研究克隆获得MeFKBP20基因全长为561 bp,编码186个氨基酸,蛋白质分子质量为19.99 kDa,具有FKPB_C结构域。表达模式分析发现:MeFKBP20基因在木薯成熟叶片及根部高表达,在幼叶和叶柄的表达量较低;并能够迅速响应病原菌XpmCHN11诱导,持续保持较高的表达丰度,推测其参与了木薯响应病原菌侵染的过程。利用酵母双杂交点对点、双分子荧光互补实验证明MeHsfB3b蛋白通过在201~241 aa区域与MeFKBP20蛋白作用。本研究结果有助于进一步解析MeHsfB3b基因调控木薯对细菌性枯萎病的抗病机理。

Comparative transcriptome analysis of the effect of different heat shock periods on the unfertilized ovule in watermelon(Citrullus lanatus)

In vitro gynogenesis is an important tool used in haploid or homozygous double-haploid plant breeding.However,because of low repeatability,embryoid induction rate and quality,the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood.Heat shock treatment can promote the transformation of the gametophytic pathway into the sporophyte pathway,which induces the occurrence of haploid.In this study,unfertilized ovaries were heat shocked for 0 h(A0)before flowering and for 0 h(A1),4 h(A3),8 h(A5),12 h(A7),and 24 h(A8),respectively,at 37℃at the first day of the flowering stage.The ovule enlargement rate was increased from 0%at 25℃to 96.8%at 37℃(24 h treatment).Thus,we aimed to investigate the gene expression patterns in unfertilized ovules of watermelon after different periods of heat shock by using RNA-Seq technology.The results showed that compared with A3,A5,A7,and A8,the biosynthesis of amino acid,glycine,serine and threonine metabolic pathways in A1 has changed significantly.This indicated that heat shock treatment affected the synthesis and transformation of amino acids during ovule expansion.The transcriptome data suggested gene expressions of ovule growth were significantly changed by heat-specific influences.The results provide new information on the complex relationship between in vitro gynogenesis and temperature.This provides a basis for further study of the mechanism of heat shock affecting the expansion of watermelon ovule.

Requirement for endogenous heat shock factor 1 in inducible nitric oxide synthase induction in murine microglia

Aim Inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） makes a great contribution to host defense and inflamma-tion. In many settings, lipopolysaccharide （LPS） induces iNOS expression through activation of the inhibitor of KB- α （IKB-α） -nuclear factor-KB （NF-KB） cascade, whereas interferon-γ （IFN-γ） acts through Janus kinase （ JAK）- signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 （ STAT1 ） signals. Heat shock factor 1 （ HSF1 ）, a major regulator of heat shock protein transcription, has been shown to regulate the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） and interleukin-6 （IL-6）. But it remains obscure whether and how HSF1 affects iNOS induction. Methods Western blot was used to measure the protein expression. The mRNA level was meas- ured by real time-PCR. Silence of HSF1 was achieved by small interfering RNA. Nitric oxide （NO） content and NF-KB binding activity were assayed by commercial kits. Chromatin immunoprecipitation （CHIP） was used to measure the binding activity of NF-KB and STAT1 to iNOS promoters. Results HSF1 inhibition or knockdown pre- vented the LPS- and/or IFN-γ-stimulated iNOS protein expression in cultured microglia. HSF1 inhibition blocked iNOS mRNA transcription. These inhibitory effects of HSF1 inhibition on iNOS expression were confirmed in brain tissues from endotoxemic mice. Further analysis showed that HSF1 inhibition had no effect on IKB-α degradation and NF-KB or STAT1 phosphorylation in LPS/IFN-γ-stimulated cells. The nuclear transport of active NF-KB or STAT1 was also not affected by HSF1 inhibition. But HSF1 inhibition reduced the binding of NF-KB and STAT1 to their DNA elements. In addition, HSF1 inhibition reduced NF-KB and STAT1 bindings to iNOS promoter inside the LPS/IFN-γ-stimulated cells. Conclusions This preventing effect of HSF1 inhibition on iNOS mRNA transcription presents the necessary role of HSF1 in iNOS induction.

桃热激转录因子PpHSF18基因的克隆及功能分析

【目的】克隆桃热激转录因子PpHSF18基因,分析其在2种树型桃中的表达,探究其在分枝角度形成中的功能。【方法】测定一年生普通型桃大久保和柱型桃洒红龙柱枝条不同生长时期分枝角度,并分析11个桃PpHSFAs基因在2种树型中的表达;克隆PpHSF18基因,构建PpHSF18基因的过表达载体,并进行拟南芥遗传转化,探究其对拟南芥株型和分枝角度的影响。【结果】柱型桃品种洒红龙柱枝条分枝角度显著小于普通型桃大久保,大久保桃分枝角度随着枝条生长逐渐增大,而洒红龙柱桃分枝角度变化不明显;11个桃A类HSF转录因子家族基因在2种树型桃茎尖中的表达呈3种趋势,其中PpHSF18与PpLAZY1呈相同表达趋势,即在柱型桃中表达量显著高于普通型桃,且与水稻OsHSFA2D同源性最高;PpHSF18三个转基因株系分枝角度均小于野生型拟南芥分枝角度,表明PpHSF18参与植物分枝角度的形成。【结论】过表达PpHSF18导致转基因拟南芥分枝角度变小,为进一步解析PpHSF18在桃分枝角度形成中的作用提供理论依据。

木薯MeHsfB3a基因的克隆及其抗细菌性枯萎病功能鉴定

木薯是热带地区重要的粮食作物,菜豆黄单胞菌属木薯细菌性枯萎病致病种(Xanthomonas phoseoli pv.manihotis,Xpm)侵染引起的细菌性枯萎病是木薯的重要病害。挖掘、鉴定木薯抗Xpm病原菌侵染的基因,并解析其抗病机制有利于开发木薯抗病种质。植物热激转录因子(heat shock transcription factors,Hsfs)在植物抵御生物胁迫和非生物胁迫的过程中发挥重要作用。本研究利用RT-PCR技术从‘华南8号’(‘SC8’)木薯品种克隆热激蛋白转录因子基因MeHsfB3a的全长。生物信息学分析发现MeHsfB3a含有2个外显子和1个内含子,全长729 bp,编码242个氨基酸,蛋白理论相对分子质量27.9 kDa,理论等电点pI为7.59,理论不稳定系数为56.86,属于不稳定蛋白质,亲水性平均指数-0.880,表明该蛋白水溶性较好,脂溶指数为65.98。亚细胞定位预测该蛋白可定位于细胞核。利用qRT-PCR技术分析发现MeHsfB3a在嫩叶、成熟叶、顶芽、叶柄、块根、须根均有表达,在成熟叶中的表达量最高,在其他器官中的表达量较少。采用Xpm HN11病原菌侵染木薯‘SC8’叶片0、3、6 h和1、3、6 d后分析MeHsfB3a表达,发现1 d以后该基因的表达显著提高。说明MeHsfB3a参与‘SC8’木薯对Xpm HN11病原菌的响应过程。采用VIGS技术沉默木薯‘SC8’的MeHsfB3a基因,该基因沉默效率降低了68.26%~82.44%。接种Xpm HN11病原菌至沉默植株叶片,于接菌0、3、6 d进行发病情况分析,发现沉默植株的病斑面积显著高于对照。本研究鉴定了热击蛋白转录因子基因MeHsfB3a参与木薯抗Xpm HN11病原菌侵染的过程,有助于进一步解析木薯对细菌性枯萎病的抗病机理。

芥菜全基因组中Hsf基因家族鉴定与分析

【目的】通过鉴定与分析芥菜基因组中Hsf转录因子家族成员,为芥菜Hsf基因功能研究与遗传改良提高抗逆性提供理论依据。【方法】利用生物信息学方法分析芥菜Hsf热激转录因子家族成员的功能结构、保守基序、启动子顺式作用元件、系统进化、共线性及采用RNA-seq验证Hsf低温胁迫的基因表达。【结果】芥菜基因组中鉴定出71个Hsf基因家族成员,分布于18条染色体上,归类为3个亚家族,蛋白均含有DBD和HR-A/B结构域。BjuHsf启动子区域包含与逆境胁迫、激素、生长发育等相关顺式作用元件。系统进化与共线性分析表明,芥菜Hsf家族成员与大白菜Hsf家族成员具有更近的亲缘关系。在低温胁迫下,BjuHsf基因表达分析表明8个BjuHsf基因显著上调表达。【结论】这些显著差异表达BjuHsf基因与芥菜抗寒性极其相关,可作为芥菜耐寒性遗传改良的候选基因。

拟南芥热激转录因子HSFB2b负调控植物热形态建成

为探究参与极端高温环境应答的热激转录因子(heat shock transcription factor, HSF)是否也参与了温和高温下的植物热形态建成,本研究通过CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术,结合一系列生理生化和遗传学实验,以及效应因子-报告基因系统(effector-reporter)等实验方法,发现热激转录因子HSFB2b受温和高温诱导,在热形态建成过程中发挥着重要作用。在温和高温(29℃)下,拟南芥突变体hsfb2b表现出比野生型更长的下胚轴表型,揭示HSFB2b作为负调控因子在热形态建成中发挥作用。亚细胞定位实验表明,HSFB2b蛋白在细胞核中发挥功能。实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应分析表明,温和高温下野生型植株中热激蛋白(heat shock proteins, HSPs)基因、热激转录因子HSFA2和茉莉酸降解基因ST2A相对于常温(22℃)时表达上调,但这些基因在突变体hsfb2b中上调倍数更大。此外,效应因子-报告基因系统实验证实HSFB2b可以结合ST2A启动子热激元件(heat shock element, HSE),从而抑制ST2A表达。综上所述,受温和高温诱导的热激转录因子HSFB2b在下胚轴伸长调控中起负调控作用,并且在分子机制上HSFB2b通过识别HSE元件,负调控茉莉酸降解相关基因ST2A的表达,从而负调控植物热形态建成。

A Review of Heat Shock Proteins Research on Bemisia tabaci

Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) is the most destructive invasive pests in agricultural production and has a high tolerance to heat. Heat shock proteins play an essential role in life activities such as growth and development, reproduction and diapause of B. tabaci. At the same time, they are also crucial in resisting adverse environments and in adaptive evolution. The expression of heat shock protein in B. tabaci is not only related to temperature, but also to the tolerance of the environment. After receiving external stimuli, the expression level can be increased or decreased to maintain the stability of cells in vivo. This paper reviews the classification, biological characteristics, biological functions, and research status of HSPs in recent years. This mini-review will provide helpful information related to the use of heat shock proteins to study the occurrence and damage of B. tabaci. This has important theoretical and practical significance for revealing Hsps in explaining the population expansion mechanism of B. tabaci invasion and predicting population dynamics.

敲低热休克转录因子5(Hsf5)对小鼠睾丸间质细胞和支持细胞中热休克家族的影响

目的探讨敲低热休克转录因子5(Hsf5)对小鼠睾丸间质细胞(TM3)和支持细胞(TM4)中热休克家族表达的影响。方法培养小鼠TM3和TM4细胞,随机分为对照组(control group)和Hsf5敲低组(Hsf5 knockdown group)。用实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)检测两种细胞中热休克转录因子(HSFs)和热休克蛋白(HSPs)mRNA的表达。根据RT-qPCR结果分别选取两种细胞中变化具有显著差异的HSPs(P<0.01),应用Western blot检测TM3细胞中HSPA2、HSPA5、HSP90ab1和TM4细胞中HSPA2、HSP90aa1蛋白表达。结果用siRNA干扰技术成功构建Hsf5敲低模型。敲低Hsf5后,TM3细胞中Hspa2、Hspa5、Hsp90ab1和TM4细胞中Hsf2、Hspa2、Hsp90aa1、Hsp90ab1、Hspd1的mRNA表达明显下调(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,在Hsf5敲低组中,TM3细胞中HSPA2、HSPA5和TM4细胞中HSPA2蛋白表达明显下调(P<0.05)。结论HSF5可能通过调控小鼠睾丸间质细胞和支持细胞中HSPA2和HSPA5的表达参与精子发生。

桑树热激转录因子(Hsf)基因家族克隆及MnHsfA1基因表达模式分析

【目的】克隆桑树热激转录因子(Hsf)基因家族成员,并分析MnHsfA1基因表达模式,为深入研究该家族在桑树热应激响应中的调控机制及桑树育种提供理论参考。【方法】以川桑幼苗为试验材料,克隆其MnHsfs基因,通过多序列比对、构建系统发育进化树和MEME保守基序在线预测分析,对MnHsfs蛋白的理化性质、保守结构域、信号肽、跨膜结构域、亚细胞定位和启动子顺式作用元件进行预测,利用实时荧光定量PCR检测MnHsfA1基因在高温和干旱胁迫处理下的表达模式。【结果】从桑树中克隆到14个MnHsfs基因的全长编码区(CDS)序列,分别为MnHsfA4a、MnHsfA4b、MnHsfA2、MnHsfA5、MnHsfA6b-1、MnHsfA6b-2、MnHsfB4-2、MnHsfA8、MnHsfB3、MnHsfB2b、MnHsfC1、MnHsfB2a、MnHsfB4-1和MnHsfA1,长度分别为1239、1278、1404、1431、1101、1140、1185、1197、711、996、1029、936、900和1437 bp,分别编码412、425、467、476、366、379、394、398、236、331、342、312、299和478个氨基酸残基,大部分MnHsfs蛋白是一个亲水、不稳定的酸性蛋白。MnHsfs蛋白包括结合功能域(DBD)、寡聚化功能域(OD)、AHA和KLFGV等结构域,可分为A、B和C类。MnHsfA1与苹果、菠菜和拟南芥的HsfA1相似性最高;与对照相比,MnHsfA1基因相对表达量在高温和干旱胁迫处理下均显著上调(P<0.05)。【结论】MnHsfs基因具有较高的遗传保守性,高温和干旱胁迫诱导MnHsfA1基因高表达,且MnHsfA1基因的启动子顺式作用元件中含有脱落酸、茉莉酸甲酯、赤霉素等激素响应元件以及与各种非生物胁迫相关的转录因子,推测其同时调节多种非生物胁迫。

HSF2、IL-23、MDC在溃疡性结肠炎病情评估中的应用价值

【目的】探讨热休克转录因子2(HSF2)、白细胞介素-23(IL-23)、髓样树突状细胞(MDC)在溃疡性结肠炎(UC)病情评估中的应用价值。【方法】选取2019年6月至2021年8月本院收治的146例UC患者(观察组),另选取73例同期健康体检志愿者作为对照组,比较观察组入院时、对照组体检时及不同病情UC患者血清HSF2、IL-23、MDC水平,采用Pearson分析上述指标与患者病情相关性,采用受试者工作特征曲线(ROC曲线)分析其对UC的诊断价值。【结果】观察组血清HSF2、IL-23、MDC水平高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。活动期组患者血清HSF2、IL-23、MDC水平高于缓解期组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。三组患者血清HSF2、IL-23、MDC水平比较,重度组>中度组>轻度组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。Pearson相关性分析显示,血清HSF2、IL-23、MDC水平与发作时期、病情程度均呈正相关(均P<0.05)。ROC曲线分析显示,血清HSF2、IL-23、MDC水平对UC诊断的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.795、0.832、0.856,联合诊断AUC为0.927,大于单一指标(P<0.05)。【结论】血清HSF2、IL-23、MDC水平对UC患者病情严重程度具有一定评估价值,可为临床早期诊断UC提供参考。

Genome-Wide Analysis and Molecular Characterization of Heat Shock Transcription Factor Family in Glycine max

Heat shock transcription factors （Hsfs） play an essential role on the increased tolerance against heat stress by regulating the expression of heat-responsive genes. In this study, a genome-wide analysis was performed to identify all of the soybean （Glycine max） GmHsfgenes based on the latest soybean genome sequence. Chromosomal location, protein domain, motif organization, and phylogenetic relationships of 26 non-redundant GmHsf genes were analyzed compared with AtHsfs （Arabidopsis thaliana Hsfs）. According to their structural features, the predicted members were divided into the previously defined classes A-C, as described for AtHsfs. Transcript levels and subcellular localization of five GmHsfs responsive to abiotic stresses were analyzed by real-time RT-PCR. These results provide a fundamental clue for understanding the complexity of the soybean GmHsfgene family and cloning the functional genes in future studies.