Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia(HIT) is a relatively infrequent complication of heparin administration. HIT can cause devastating thrombosis, making it one of the most serious adverse drug reactions encountered in cl...Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia(HIT) is a relatively infrequent complication of heparin administration. HIT can cause devastating thrombosis, making it one of the most serious adverse drug reactions encountered in clinical practice. We successfully treated a case of severe HIT presenting with thrombosis and life-threatening bleeding complications with intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG), platelet transfusion and oral anticoagulant Rivaroxaban. In this case, we considered that IVIG played the most important role by preventing further thrombosis, increasing the platelet count, and ensuring the efficacy of Rivaroxaban. We therefore suggest that IVIG might be the optimal treatment for patients with this urgent condition.展开更多
Exposure to heparin is associated with a high incidence of immunization against platelet factor 4(PF4)/heparin complexes. A subgroup of immunized patients is at risk of developing heparin-induced thrombocytopenia(HIT)...Exposure to heparin is associated with a high incidence of immunization against platelet factor 4(PF4)/heparin complexes. A subgroup of immunized patients is at risk of developing heparin-induced thrombocytopenia(HIT), an immune mediated prothrombotic adverse drug effect. Transplant recipients are frequently exposed to heparin either due to the underlying end-stage disease, which leads to listing and transplantation or during the transplant procedure and the perioperative period. To review the current scientific knowledge on antiheparin/PF4 antibodies and HIT in transplant recipients a systematic Pub Med literature search on articles in English language was performed. The definition of HIT is inconsistent amongst the publications. Overall, six studies and 15 case reports have been published on HIT before or after heart, liver, kidney, and lung transplantation, respectively. The frequency of seroconversion for anti-PF4/heparin antibodies ranged between 1.9% and 57.9%. However, different methods to detect anti-PF4/heparin antibodies were applied. In none of the studies HIT-associated thromboembolic events or fatalities were observed. More importantly, in patients with a history of HIT, reexposure to heparin during transplantation was not associated with thrombotic complications. Taken together, the overall incidence of HIT after solid organ transplantation seems to be very low. However, according to the current knowledge, cardiac transplant recipients may have the highest risk to develop HIT. Different alternative suggestions for heparin-free anticoagulation have been reported for recipients with suspected HIT albeit no official recommendations on management have been published for this special collective so far.展开更多
Background: Spontaneous heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a medical phenomenon whereby patients develop clinical and laboratory features of HIT without prior exposure to heparin. Aim: We present a patient who ...Background: Spontaneous heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a medical phenomenon whereby patients develop clinical and laboratory features of HIT without prior exposure to heparin. Aim: We present a patient who underwent bilateral total knee replacement complicated by spontaneous HIT causing bilateral adrenal hemorrhage and deep vein thrombosis. Our patient had no prior history of heparin exposure. We reconcile our patient’s presentation with other case reports of spontaneous HIT in patients who had orthopaedic surgery. Conclusion: Spontaneous HIT is a rare but potentially devastating complication associated with total knee arthroplasty.展开更多
A 72-year-old man with abdominal aortic aneurysm and angina pectoris underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) prior to abdominal aortic surgery. Perioperatively, he developed thrombocytopenia ((29,000 mm3), wh...A 72-year-old man with abdominal aortic aneurysm and angina pectoris underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) prior to abdominal aortic surgery. Perioperatively, he developed thrombocytopenia ((29,000 mm3), which was suggested as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Cardiac status was also aggravated at the same time, suggestive of bypass graft thrombosis. The results of platelet factor 4 (pf4) antibody test were negative, but platelet aggregation test was positive for heparin. Heparin was immediately discontinued, and replaced by argatroban;the patient’s cardiac status improved. One month later, he underwent abdominal aortic surgery using argatroban without issues related to anticoagulation and hemostasis. Autologous donated fresh blood prepared by the “switch-back” method was also used in this case, and its value was confirmed.展开更多
A 78-year-old man presented with an eight-hour history of chest distress. Electrocardiograph and serum cardiac enzymes were suggestive of acute inferior myocardial infarction with right ventricular infarction. The pat...A 78-year-old man presented with an eight-hour history of chest distress. Electrocardiograph and serum cardiac enzymes were suggestive of acute inferior myocardial infarction with right ventricular infarction. The patient, who underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention, suffered from thrombocytopenia presenting with cerebral infarction and myocadial reinfarction during haparin exposure. The laboratory test for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia （HIT） specific antibodies （heparin-platelet factor, PF4） was positive. The case was diagnosed as arteries thrombosis due to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia; the patient died after cessation of heparin.展开更多
Thrombocytopenia (defined as platelet count <sup>9</sup>/L) is present in 7% - 12% of pregnant women at delivery. Although there are mild etiologies of this condition that are often diagnosed incidentally,...Thrombocytopenia (defined as platelet count <sup>9</sup>/L) is present in 7% - 12% of pregnant women at delivery. Although there are mild etiologies of this condition that are often diagnosed incidentally, there are more severe causes that can be life threating. Thrombocytopenia also has a great implication in surgical risk and regional anesthesia. A structured evaluation of thrombocytopenia is necessary to allow an adequate diagnostic approach. Here we summarized the current knowledge of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy.展开更多
目的观察阿伐曲泊帕联合重组人血小板生成素(rhTPO)对恶性血液病自体造血干细胞移植(ASCT)后血小板(PLT)植入的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析76例ASCT患者的临床资料,其中40例阿伐曲泊帕(avatrombopag,AVA)联合rhTPO升血小板治疗为观察组,36...目的观察阿伐曲泊帕联合重组人血小板生成素(rhTPO)对恶性血液病自体造血干细胞移植(ASCT)后血小板(PLT)植入的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析76例ASCT患者的临床资料,其中40例阿伐曲泊帕(avatrombopag,AVA)联合rhTPO升血小板治疗为观察组,36例rhTPO单药治疗为对照组。比较两组患者PLT水平、PLT植入时间、PLT输注数量、PLT谷值及Ⅳ级血小板减少持续时间,记录不良反应。结果观察组PLT植入时间短于对照组[(11.15±1.08)d v s.(12.61±2.65)d,(P<0.05)],且PLT输注单位数少于对照组[2(1.00,2.75)U v s.3(2.00,4.00)U,(P<0.001)];阿伐曲泊帕联合rhTPO促血小板治疗的第5天、第10天、第15天,血小板计数均高于相应单药对照组,药物干预后的第5天及第10天血小板植入率有所提高(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,阿伐曲泊帕是影响PLT植入时间的独立因素(P<0.001),其使用可将植入时间缩短1.598天。两组患者均观察到出血事件,以皮肤黏膜出血点、瘀斑、牙龈出血为主,出血发生率无差异。两组均无血栓形成及凝血障碍发生。结论阿伐曲泊帕联合rhTPO能有效升高ASCT患者PLT计数,促进PLT植入,二者联用有协同作用,且耐受良好。展开更多
文摘Heparin-induced thrombocytopenia(HIT) is a relatively infrequent complication of heparin administration. HIT can cause devastating thrombosis, making it one of the most serious adverse drug reactions encountered in clinical practice. We successfully treated a case of severe HIT presenting with thrombosis and life-threatening bleeding complications with intravenous immunoglobulin(IVIG), platelet transfusion and oral anticoagulant Rivaroxaban. In this case, we considered that IVIG played the most important role by preventing further thrombosis, increasing the platelet count, and ensuring the efficacy of Rivaroxaban. We therefore suggest that IVIG might be the optimal treatment for patients with this urgent condition.
文摘Exposure to heparin is associated with a high incidence of immunization against platelet factor 4(PF4)/heparin complexes. A subgroup of immunized patients is at risk of developing heparin-induced thrombocytopenia(HIT), an immune mediated prothrombotic adverse drug effect. Transplant recipients are frequently exposed to heparin either due to the underlying end-stage disease, which leads to listing and transplantation or during the transplant procedure and the perioperative period. To review the current scientific knowledge on antiheparin/PF4 antibodies and HIT in transplant recipients a systematic Pub Med literature search on articles in English language was performed. The definition of HIT is inconsistent amongst the publications. Overall, six studies and 15 case reports have been published on HIT before or after heart, liver, kidney, and lung transplantation, respectively. The frequency of seroconversion for anti-PF4/heparin antibodies ranged between 1.9% and 57.9%. However, different methods to detect anti-PF4/heparin antibodies were applied. In none of the studies HIT-associated thromboembolic events or fatalities were observed. More importantly, in patients with a history of HIT, reexposure to heparin during transplantation was not associated with thrombotic complications. Taken together, the overall incidence of HIT after solid organ transplantation seems to be very low. However, according to the current knowledge, cardiac transplant recipients may have the highest risk to develop HIT. Different alternative suggestions for heparin-free anticoagulation have been reported for recipients with suspected HIT albeit no official recommendations on management have been published for this special collective so far.
文摘Background: Spontaneous heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) is a medical phenomenon whereby patients develop clinical and laboratory features of HIT without prior exposure to heparin. Aim: We present a patient who underwent bilateral total knee replacement complicated by spontaneous HIT causing bilateral adrenal hemorrhage and deep vein thrombosis. Our patient had no prior history of heparin exposure. We reconcile our patient’s presentation with other case reports of spontaneous HIT in patients who had orthopaedic surgery. Conclusion: Spontaneous HIT is a rare but potentially devastating complication associated with total knee arthroplasty.
文摘A 72-year-old man with abdominal aortic aneurysm and angina pectoris underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) prior to abdominal aortic surgery. Perioperatively, he developed thrombocytopenia ((29,000 mm3), which was suggested as heparin-induced thrombocytopenia. Cardiac status was also aggravated at the same time, suggestive of bypass graft thrombosis. The results of platelet factor 4 (pf4) antibody test were negative, but platelet aggregation test was positive for heparin. Heparin was immediately discontinued, and replaced by argatroban;the patient’s cardiac status improved. One month later, he underwent abdominal aortic surgery using argatroban without issues related to anticoagulation and hemostasis. Autologous donated fresh blood prepared by the “switch-back” method was also used in this case, and its value was confirmed.
文摘A 78-year-old man presented with an eight-hour history of chest distress. Electrocardiograph and serum cardiac enzymes were suggestive of acute inferior myocardial infarction with right ventricular infarction. The patient, who underwent emergency percutaneous coronary intervention, suffered from thrombocytopenia presenting with cerebral infarction and myocadial reinfarction during haparin exposure. The laboratory test for heparin-induced thrombocytopenia （HIT） specific antibodies （heparin-platelet factor, PF4） was positive. The case was diagnosed as arteries thrombosis due to heparin-induced thrombocytopenia; the patient died after cessation of heparin.
文摘Thrombocytopenia (defined as platelet count <sup>9</sup>/L) is present in 7% - 12% of pregnant women at delivery. Although there are mild etiologies of this condition that are often diagnosed incidentally, there are more severe causes that can be life threating. Thrombocytopenia also has a great implication in surgical risk and regional anesthesia. A structured evaluation of thrombocytopenia is necessary to allow an adequate diagnostic approach. Here we summarized the current knowledge of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy.
文摘目的观察阿伐曲泊帕联合重组人血小板生成素(rhTPO)对恶性血液病自体造血干细胞移植(ASCT)后血小板(PLT)植入的临床疗效。方法回顾性分析76例ASCT患者的临床资料,其中40例阿伐曲泊帕(avatrombopag,AVA)联合rhTPO升血小板治疗为观察组,36例rhTPO单药治疗为对照组。比较两组患者PLT水平、PLT植入时间、PLT输注数量、PLT谷值及Ⅳ级血小板减少持续时间,记录不良反应。结果观察组PLT植入时间短于对照组[(11.15±1.08)d v s.(12.61±2.65)d,(P<0.05)],且PLT输注单位数少于对照组[2(1.00,2.75)U v s.3(2.00,4.00)U,(P<0.001)];阿伐曲泊帕联合rhTPO促血小板治疗的第5天、第10天、第15天,血小板计数均高于相应单药对照组,药物干预后的第5天及第10天血小板植入率有所提高(P<0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,阿伐曲泊帕是影响PLT植入时间的独立因素(P<0.001),其使用可将植入时间缩短1.598天。两组患者均观察到出血事件,以皮肤黏膜出血点、瘀斑、牙龈出血为主,出血发生率无差异。两组均无血栓形成及凝血障碍发生。结论阿伐曲泊帕联合rhTPO能有效升高ASCT患者PLT计数,促进PLT植入,二者联用有协同作用,且耐受良好。
