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Current perspectives of viral hepatitis 被引量:2
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作者 Daisuke Usuda Yuki Kaneoka +23 位作者 Rikuo Ono Masashi Kato Yuto Sugawara Runa Shimizu Tomotari Inami Eri Nakajima Shiho Tsuge Riki Sakurai Kenji Kawai Shun Matsubara Risa Tanaka Makoto Suzuki Shintaro Shimozawa Yuta Hotchi Ippei Osugi Risa Katou Sakurako Ito Kentaro Mishima Akihiko Kondo Keiko Mizuno Hiroki Takami Takayuki Komatsu Tomohisa Nomura Manabu Sugita 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2024年第18期2402-2417,共16页
Viral hepatitis represents a major danger to public health,and is a globally leading cause of death.The five liver-specific viruses:Hepatitis A virus,hepatitis B virus,hepatitis C virus,hepatitis D virus,and hepatitis... Viral hepatitis represents a major danger to public health,and is a globally leading cause of death.The five liver-specific viruses:Hepatitis A virus,hepatitis B virus,hepatitis C virus,hepatitis D virus,and hepatitis E virus,each have their own unique epidemiology,structural biology,transmission,endemic patterns,risk of liver complications,and response to antiviral therapies.There remain few options for treatment,in spite of the increasing prevalence of viral-hepatitiscaused liver disease.Furthermore,chronic viral hepatitis is a leading worldwide cause of both liver-related morbidity and mortality,even though effective treatments are available that could reduce or prevent most patients’complications.In 2016,the World Health Organization released its plan to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public health threat by the year 2030,along with a discussion of current gaps and prospects for both regional and global eradication of viral hepatitis.Today,treatment is sufficiently able to prevent the disease from reaching advanced phases.However,future therapies must be extremely safe,and should ideally limit the period of treatment necessary.A better understanding of pathogenesis will prove beneficial in the development of potential treatment strategies targeting infections by viral hepatitis.This review aims to summarize the current state of knowledge on each type of viral hepatitis,together with major innovations. 展开更多
关键词 hepatitis A virus hepatitis B virus hepatitis C virus hepatitis D virus hepatitis e virus Current perspectives
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Subclinical hepatitis E virus genotype 1 infection:The concept of“dynamic human reservoir” 被引量:1
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作者 Ananta Shrestha Suresh Basnet Sudhamshu KC 《World Journal of Hepatology》 2024年第4期506-510,共5页
Hepatitis E virus(HEV)is hyperendemic in South Asia and Africa accounting for half of total Global HEV burden.There are eight genotypes of HEV.Among them,the four common ones known to infect humans,genotypes 1 and 2 a... Hepatitis E virus(HEV)is hyperendemic in South Asia and Africa accounting for half of total Global HEV burden.There are eight genotypes of HEV.Among them,the four common ones known to infect humans,genotypes 1 and 2 are prevalent in the developing world and genotypes 3 and 4 are causing challenge in the industrialized world.Asymptomatic HEV viremia in the general population,especially among blood donors,has been reported in the literature worldwide.The clinical implications related to this asymptomatic viremia are unclear and need further exploration.Detection of viremia due to HEV genotype 1 infection,apparently among healthy blood donors is also reported without much knowledge about its infection rate.Similarly,while HEV genotype 3 is known to be transmitted via blood transfusion in humans and has been subjected to screening in many European nations,instances of transmission have also been documented albeit without significant clinical consequences.Epidemiology of HEV genotype 1 in endemic areas often show waxing and waning pattern.Occasional sporadic occurrence of HEV infection interrupted by outbreaks have been frequently seen.In absence of known animal reservoir,where HEV exists in between outbreak is a mystery that needs further exploration.However,occurrence of asymptomatic HEV viremia due to HEV genotype 1 during epidemiologically quiescent period may explain that this phenomenon may act as a dynamic reservoir.Since HEV genotype 1 infection cannot cause chronicity,subclinical transient infection and transmission of virus might be the reason it sustains in interepidemic period.This might be the similar phenomenon with SARS COVID-19 corona virus infection which is circulating worldwide in distinct phases with peaks and plateaus despite vaccination against it.In view of existing evidence,we propose the concept of“Dynamic Human Reservoir.”Quiescent subclinical infection of HEV without any clinical consequences and subsequent transmission may contribute to the existence of the virus in a community.The potential for transmitting HEV infection by asymptomatic HEV infected individuals by fecal shedding of virus has not been reported in literature.This missing link may be a key to Pandora's box in understanding epidemiology of HEV infection in genotype 1 predominant region. 展开更多
关键词 hepatitis e Viral hepatitis Genotype 1 Dynamic human reservoir Subclinical infection
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Alterations in the gut microbiome after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in patients with hepatitis B virus-related portal hypertension 被引量:5
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作者 Hong-Wei Zhao Jin-Long Zhang +5 位作者 Fu-Quan Liu Zhen-Dong Yue Lei Wang Yu Zhang Cheng-Bin Dong Zhen-Chang Wang 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2024年第31期3668-3679,共12页
BACKGROUND Gut microbiota(GM)affects the progression and response to treatment in liver diseases.The GM composition is diverse and associated with different etiologies of liver diseases.Notably,alterations in GM alter... BACKGROUND Gut microbiota(GM)affects the progression and response to treatment in liver diseases.The GM composition is diverse and associated with different etiologies of liver diseases.Notably,alterations in GM alterations are observed in patients with portal hypertension(PH)secondary to cirrhosis,with hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection being a major cause of cirrhosis in China.Thus,understanding the role of GM alterations in patients with HBV infection-related PH is essential.AIM To evaluate GM alterations in patients with HBV-related PH after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)placement.METHODS This was a prospective,observational clinical study.There were 30 patients(with a 100%technical success rate)recruited in the present study.Patients with esophagogastric variceal bleeding due to HBV infection-associated PH who underwent TIPS were enrolled.Stool samples were obtained before and one month after TIPS treatment,and GM was analyzed using 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequencing.RESULTS One month after TIPS placement,8 patients developed hepatic encephalopathy(HE)and were assigned to the HE group;the other 22 patients were assigned to the non-HE group.There was no substantial disparity in the abundance of GM at the phylum level between the two groups,regardless of TIPS treatment(all,P>0.05).However,following TIPS placement,the following results were observed:(1)The abundance of Haemophilus and Eggerthella increased,whereas that of Anaerostipes,Dialister,Butyricicoccus,and Oscillospira declined in the HE group;(2)The richness of Eggerthella,Streptococcus,and Bilophila increased,whereas that of Roseburia and Ruminococcus decreased in the non-HE group;and(3)Members from the pathogenic genus Morganella appeared in the HE group but not in the non-HE group.CONCLUSION Intestinal microbiota-related synergism may predict the risk of HE following TIPS placement in patients with HBVrelated PH.Prophylactic microbiome therapies may be useful for preventing and treating HE after TIPS placement. 展开更多
关键词 Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt hepatic encephalopathy Gut microbiota hepatitis B virus Portal hypertension
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Perioperative remedial antiviral therapy in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma resection:How to achieve a better outcome 被引量:2
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作者 Fan Mu Liang-Shuo Hu +7 位作者 Kun Xu Zhen Zhao Bai-Cai Yang Yi-Meng Wang Kun Guo Jian-Hua Shi Yi Lv Bo Wang 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology》 SCIE 2024年第5期1833-1848,共16页
BACKGROUND Although the benefits of antiviral therapy for hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)have been proven,researchers have not con-firmed the differences in patient outcomes between patien... BACKGROUND Although the benefits of antiviral therapy for hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)have been proven,researchers have not con-firmed the differences in patient outcomes between patients who received preoperative antiviral therapy for a period of time(at least 24 wk)and patients who received remedial antiviral therapy just before radical resection for HBV-related HCC.AIM To investigate the efficacy of perioperative remedial antiviral therapy in patients with HBV-related HCC.METHODS A retrospective study of patients who underwent radical resection for HBV-related HCC at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University from January 2016 to June 2019 was conducted.Considering the history of antiviral therapy,patients were assigned to remedial antiviral therapy and preoperative antiviral therapy groups.RESULTS Kaplan–Meier analysis revealed significant differences in overall survival(P<0.0001)and disease-free survival(P=0.035)between the two groups.Multivariate analysis demonstrated that a history of preoperative antiviral treatment was independently related to improved survival(hazard ratio=0.27;95%confidence interval:0.08-0.88;P=0.030).CONCLUSION In patients with HBV-related HCC,it is ideal to receive preoperative long-term antiviral therapy,which helps patients tolerate more extensive hepatectomy;however,remedial antiviral therapy,which reduces preoperative HBV-DNA levels to less than 4 Log10 copies DNA/mL,can also result in improved outcomes. 展开更多
关键词 hepateCTOMY hepatitis B virus Antiviral therapy hepatocellular carcinoma hepatitis B virus-DNA
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Risk of hepatitis B virus reactivation in oncological patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors:A case report and literature analysis 被引量:4
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作者 Francesca Colapietro Nicola Pugliese +2 位作者 Antonio Voza Alessio Aghemo Stella De Nicola 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2024年第9期1253-1256,共4页
Hepatitis B virus(HBV)reactivation(HBVr)represents a severe and potentially life-threatening condition,and preventive measures are available through blood test screening or prophylactic therapy administration.The asse... Hepatitis B virus(HBV)reactivation(HBVr)represents a severe and potentially life-threatening condition,and preventive measures are available through blood test screening or prophylactic therapy administration.The assessment of HBVr traditionally considers factors such as HBV profile,including hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)and antibody to hepatitis B core antigen,along with type of medication(chemotherapy;immunomodulants).Nevertheless,consideration of possible patient’s underlying tumor and the specific malignancy type(solid or hematologic)plays a crucial role and needs to be assessed for decision-making process. 展开更多
关键词 Chronic hepatitis B ReACTIVATION Nucleoside analogue Tyrosine kinase inhibitors Onco-hematology
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Animal models of hepatitis E infection: Advances and challenges
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作者 Ze Xiang Xiang-Lin He +5 位作者 Chuan-Wu Zhu Jia-Jia Yang Lan Huang Chun Jiang Jian Wu Chinese Consortium for the Study of Hepatitis E(CCSHE) 《Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第2期171-180,共10页
Hepatitis E virus(HEV)is one of the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis worldwide.Although most of HEV infections are asymptomatic,some patients will develop the symptoms,especially pregnant women,the elderly,and ... Hepatitis E virus(HEV)is one of the leading causes of acute viral hepatitis worldwide.Although most of HEV infections are asymptomatic,some patients will develop the symptoms,especially pregnant women,the elderly,and patients with preexisting liver diseases,who often experience anorexia,nausea,vom-iting,malaise,abdominal pain,and jaundice.HEV infection may become chronic in immunosuppressed individuals.In addition,HEV infection can also cause several extrahepatic manifestations.HEV exists in a wide range of hosts in nature and can be transmitted across species.Hence,animals susceptible to HEV can be used as models.The establishment of animal models is of great significance for studying HEV transmission,clinical symptoms,extrahepatic manifestations,and therapeutic strategies,which will help us understand the pathogenesis,prevention,and treatment of hepatitis E.This review summarized the animal models of HEV,including pigs,monkeys,rabbits,mice,rats,and other animals.For each animal species,we provided a concise summary of the HEV genotypes that they can be infected with,the cross-species transmission pathways,as well as their role in studying extrahepatic manifestations,prevention,and treatment of HEV infection.The advantages and disadvantages of these animal models were also emphasized.This review offers new perspectives to enhance the current understanding of the research landscape surrounding HEV animal models. 展开更多
关键词 hepatitis e virus Animal models PATHOGeNeSIS PReVeNTION Treatment
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Antiviral treatment standards for hepatitis B:An urgent need for expansion 被引量:1
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作者 Zi-Hong Bao Zhi-Kun Dai Hao-Xian Tang 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2024年第4期418-420,共3页
The present letter to the editor is related to the review with the title“Past,present,and future of long-term treatment for hepatitis B virus.”Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)represents an important and pressing public heal... The present letter to the editor is related to the review with the title“Past,present,and future of long-term treatment for hepatitis B virus.”Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)represents an important and pressing public health concern.Timely identification and effective antiviral therapy hold the potential to reduce liver-related mortality attributable to chronic infection with hepatitis B virus(HBV)substantially.However,the current global treatment rates for CHB remain conspicuously low,with the excessively stringent treatment criteria advocated by national CHB guidelines being a contributing factor to these low rates.Nevertheless,recent strides in comprehending this malady and the emergence of novel antiviral agents prompt the imperative re-evaluation of treatment standards to extend the sphere of potential beneficiaries.An impending need arises for a novel paradigm for the classification of patients with CHB,the expansion of antiviral treatment eligibility for HBV-infected individuals,and even the streamlining of the diagnostic process for CHB to amplify cost-effectiveness and augment survival prospects. 展开更多
关键词 hepatitis B virus Chronic hepatitis B Antiviral treatment criteria Serum alanine aminotransferase Liver-related mortality Letter to the editor
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Autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis after direct-acting antiviral treatment for hepatitis C virus:A case report 被引量:1
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作者 Yoshiki Morihisa Hobyung Chung +2 位作者 Shuichiro Towatari Daisuke Yamashita Tetsuro Inokuma 《World Journal of Hepatology》 2024年第2期286-293,共8页
BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection is a major global health concern that leads to liver fibrosis,cirrhosis,and cancer.Regimens containing direct-acting antivirals(DAAs)have become the mainstay of HCV t... BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection is a major global health concern that leads to liver fibrosis,cirrhosis,and cancer.Regimens containing direct-acting antivirals(DAAs)have become the mainstay of HCV treatment,achieving a high sustained virological response(SVR)with minimal adverse events.CASE SUMMARY A 74-year-old woman with chronic HCV infection was treated with the DAAs ledipasvir,and sofosbuvir for 12 wk and achieved SVR.Twenty-four weeks after treatment completion,the liver enzyme and serum IgG levels increased,and antinuclear antibody became positive without HCV viremia,suggesting the development of autoimmune hepatitis(AIH).After liver biopsy indicated AIH,a definite AIH diagnosis was made and prednisolone was initiated.The treatment was effective,and the liver enzyme and serum IgG levels normalized.However,multiple strictures of the intrahepatic and extrahepatic bile ducts with dilatation of the peripheral bile ducts appeared on magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography after 3 years of achieving SVR,which were consistent with primary sclerosing cholangitis.CONCLUSION The potential risk of developing autoimmune liver diseases after DAA treatment should be considered. 展开更多
关键词 LIVeR hepatitis C virus Autoimmune hepatitis Primary sclerosing cholangitis Immune system Case report
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Chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Eastern Ethiopia:Clinical characteristics and determinants of cirrhosis 被引量:3
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作者 Nejib Y Ismael Semir A Usmael +3 位作者 Nega B Belay Hailemichael Desalegn Mekonen Asgeir Johannessen Stian MS Orlien 《World Journal of Hepatology》 2024年第7期995-1008,共14页
BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)virus infection is a major cause of liver-associated morbidity and mortality,particularly in low-income countries.A better understanding of the epidemiological,clinical,and virologic... BACKGROUND Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)virus infection is a major cause of liver-associated morbidity and mortality,particularly in low-income countries.A better understanding of the epidemiological,clinical,and virological characteristics of CHB will guide appropriate treatment strategies and improve the control and management of CHB in Ethiopia.AIM To investigate the characteristics of CHB in Eastern Ethiopia and assess the efficacy and safety of antiviral treatment.METHODS This cohort study included 193 adults who were human immunodeficiency virus-negative with CHB between June 2016 and December 2019.Baseline assessments included chemistry,serologic,and viral markers.χ^(2) tests,Mann-Whitney U tests,and logistic regression analyses were used to identify the determinants of cirrhosis.Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate(TDF)was initiated using treatment criteria from the Ethiopian CHB pilot program.RESULTS A total of 132 patients(68.4%)were men,with a median age of 30 years[interquartile range(IQR):24-38].At enrollment,60(31.1%)patients had cirrhosis,of whom 35(58.3%)had decompensated cirrhosis.Khat use,hepatitis B envelope antigen positivity,and a high viral load were independently associated with cirrhosis.Additionally,66 patients(33.4%)fulfilled the treatment criteria and 59(30.6%)started TDF.Among 29 patients who completed 24 months of treatment,the median aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index declined from 1.54(IQR:0.66-2.91)to 1.10(IQR:0.75-2.53)(P=0.002),and viral suppression was achieved in 80.9%and 100%of patients after 12 months and 24 months of treatment,respectively.Among the treated patients,12(20.3%)died within the first 6 months of treatment,of whom 8 had decompensated cirrhosis.CONCLUSION This study highlights the high prevalence of cirrhosis,initial mortality,and the efficacy of TDF treatment.Scaling up measures to prevent and control CHB infections in Ethiopia is crucial. 展开更多
关键词 Chronic hepatitis B CIRRHOSIS Cohort study Resource-limited settings Sub-Saharan Africa
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Overview of the immunological mechanisms in hepatitis B virus reactivation:Implications for disease progression and management strategies 被引量:2
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作者 Hui Ma Qing-Zhu Yan +2 位作者 Jing-Ru Ma Dong-Fu Li Jun-Ling Yang 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2024年第10期1295-1312,共18页
Hepatitis B virus(HBV)reactivation is a clinically significant challenge in disease management.This review explores the immunological mechanisms underlying HBV reactivation,emphasizing disease progression and manageme... Hepatitis B virus(HBV)reactivation is a clinically significant challenge in disease management.This review explores the immunological mechanisms underlying HBV reactivation,emphasizing disease progression and management.It delves into host immune responses and reactivation’s delicate balance,spanning innate and adaptive immunity.Viral factors’disruption of this balance,as are interac-tions between viral antigens,immune cells,cytokine networks,and immune checkpoint pathways,are examined.Notably,the roles of T cells,natural killer cells,and antigen-presenting cells are discussed,highlighting their influence on disease progression.HBV reactivation’s impact on disease severity,hepatic flares,liver fibrosis progression,and hepatocellular carcinoma is detailed.Management strategies,including anti-viral and immunomodulatory approaches,are critically analyzed.The role of prophylactic anti-viral therapy during immunosuppressive treatments is explored alongside novel immunotherapeutic interventions to restore immune control and prevent reactivation.In conclusion,this compre-hensive review furnishes a holistic view of the immunological mechanisms that propel HBV reactivation.With a dedicated focus on understanding its implic-ations for disease progression and the prospects of efficient management stra-tegies,this article contributes significantly to the knowledge base.The more profound insights into the intricate interactions between viral elements and the immune system will inform evidence-based approaches,ultimately enhancing disease management and elevating patient outcomes.The dynamic landscape of management strategies is critically scrutinized,spanning anti-viral and immunomodulatory approaches.The role of prophylactic anti-viral therapy in preventing reactivation during immunosuppressive treatments and the potential of innovative immunotherapeutic interventions to restore immune control and proactively deter reactivation. 展开更多
关键词 hepatitis B virus reactivation Immunological mechanisms Disease progression Management strategies Immune response
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Prediction model for hepatitis B e antigen seroconversion in chronic hepatitis B with peginterferon-alfa treated based on a responseguided therapy strategy
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作者 Pei-Xin Zhang Xiao-Wei Zheng +6 位作者 Ya-Fei Zhang Jun Ye Wei Li Qian-Qian Tang Jie Zhu Gui-Zhou Zou Zhen-Hua Zhang 《World Journal of Hepatology》 2024年第3期405-417,共13页
BACKGROUND Models for predicting hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)seroconversion in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B(CHB)after nucleos(t)ide analog treatment are rare.AIM To establish a simple scoring model... BACKGROUND Models for predicting hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)seroconversion in patients with HBeAg-positive chronic hepatitis B(CHB)after nucleos(t)ide analog treatment are rare.AIM To establish a simple scoring model based on a response-guided therapy(RGT)strategy for predicting HBeAg seroconversion and hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)clearance.METHODS In this study,75 previously treated patients with HBeAg-positive CHB underwent a 52-week peginterferon-alfa(PEG-IFNα)treatment and a 24-wk follow-up.Logistic regression analysis was used to assess parameters at baseline,week 12,and week 24 to predict HBeAg seroconversion at 24 wk post-treatment.The two best predictors at each time point were used to establish a prediction model for PEG-IFNαtherapy efficacy.Parameters at each time point that met the corresponding optimal cutoff thresholds were scored as 1 or 0.RESULTS The two most meaningful predictors were HBsAg≤1000 IU/mL and HBeAg≤3 S/CO at baseline,HBsAg≤600 IU/mL and HBeAg≤3 S/CO at week 12,and HBsAg≤300 IU/mL and HBeAg≤2 S/CO at week 24.With a total score of 0 vs 2 at baseline,week 12,and week 24,the response rates were 23.8%,15.2%,and 11.1%vs 81.8%,80.0%,and 82.4%,respectively,and the HBsAg clearance rates were 2.4%,3.0%,and 0.0%,vs 54.5%,40.0%,and 41.2%,respectively.CONCLUSION We successfully established a predictive model and diagnosis-treatment process using the RGT strategy to predict HBeAg and HBsAg seroconversion in patients with HBeAg-positive CHB undergoing PEG-IFNαtherapy. 展开更多
关键词 Chronic hepatitis B hepatitis B e antigen-positive Peginterferon-alfa Prediction model Response-guided therapy strategy
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Effectiveness and safety of tenofovir amibufenamide in chronic hepatitis B patients 被引量:2
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作者 Li-Yang Meng Chao-Ting Yang +1 位作者 Jian-Feng Bao Jin-Song Huang 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2024年第26期3261-3263,共3页
This letter to the editor relates to the study entitled“Tenofovir amibufenamide vs tenofovir alafenamide for treating chronic hepatitis B:A real-world study”,which was recently published by Peng et al.Hepatitis B vi... This letter to the editor relates to the study entitled“Tenofovir amibufenamide vs tenofovir alafenamide for treating chronic hepatitis B:A real-world study”,which was recently published by Peng et al.Hepatitis B virus infection represents a significant health burden worldwide and can lead to cirrhosis and even liver cancer.The antiviral drugs currently used to treat patients with chronic hepatitis B infection still have many side effects,so it is crucial to identify safe and effective drugs to inhibit viral replication. 展开更多
关键词 Tenofovir amibufenamide Chronic hepatitis B Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Alanine transaminase normalization Virological response
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Influence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease on response to antiviral treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis B:A meta-analysis 被引量:2
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作者 Shi-Yi Liu Dian Wang +2 位作者 Jing Liu Lu-Ping Yang Gong-Ying Chen 《World Journal of Hepatology》 2024年第3期465-476,共12页
BACKGROUND Although hepatitis B virus infection is the leading cause of chronic liver injury globally,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is gradually gaining attention as another major chronic liver disease.The nu... BACKGROUND Although hepatitis B virus infection is the leading cause of chronic liver injury globally,nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is gradually gaining attention as another major chronic liver disease.The number of patients having chronic hepatitis B(CHB)with concomitant hepatic steatosis has increased.AIM To analyze the effect of NAFLD on the response to antiviral treatment in patients with CHB.METHODS Relevant English studies were systematically searched across PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,and Cochrane Library until October 2023.Studies in which the treatment outcomes were compared between patients with CHB only and those with CHB and hepatic steatosis were included.RESULTS Of the 2502 retrieved studies,11 articles were finally included.Biochemical response until 48 wk(OR=0.87,95%CI:0.50–1.53,P=0.000)and 96 wk(OR=0.35,95%CI:0.24–0.53,P=0.24)and virological response until 96 wk(OR=0.80,95%CI:0.43–1.49,P=0.097)were lower in patients with hepatic steatosis than in patients with CHB alone.CONCLUSION Hepatic steatosis lowers the biochemical response to antiviral treatment in patients with CHB. 展开更多
关键词 Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease hepatitis B virus Antiviral treatment eFFeCT MeTA-ANALYSIS
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Knockout of C6orf120 in Rats Alleviates Concanavalin A-induced Autoimmune Hepatitis by Regulating Macrophage Polarization 被引量:1
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作者 Xin Wang Yuqi Wang +4 位作者 Hui Liu Yingying Lin Peng Wang Yunyun Yi Xin Li 《Biomedical and Environmental Sciences》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2024年第6期594-606,共13页
Objective The effect of the functionally unknown gene C6orf120 on autoimmune hepatitis was investigated on C6orf120 knockout rats(C6orf120^(-/-))and THP-1 cells.Method Six–eight-week-old C6orf120^(-/-)and wild-type(W... Objective The effect of the functionally unknown gene C6orf120 on autoimmune hepatitis was investigated on C6orf120 knockout rats(C6orf120^(-/-))and THP-1 cells.Method Six–eight-week-old C6orf120^(-/-)and wild-type(WT)SD rats were injected with Con A(16 mg/kg),and euthanized after 24 h.The sera,livers,and spleens were collected.THP-1 cells and the recombinant protein(rC6ORF120)were used to explore the mechanism in vitro.The frequency of M1 and M2 macrophages was analyzed using flow cytometry.Western blotting and PCR were used to detect macrophage polarization-associated factors.Results C6orf120 knockout attenuated Con A-induced autoimmune hepatitis.Flow cytometry indicated that the proportion of CD68^(+)CD86^(+)M1 macrophages from the liver and spleen in the C6orf120^(-/-)rats decreased.C6orf120 knockout induced downregulation of CD86 protein and the mRNA levels of related inflammatory factors TNF-α,IL-1β,and IL-6 in the liver.C6orf120 knockout did not affect the polarization of THP-1 cells.However,rC6ORF120 promoted the THP-1 cells toward CD68^(+)CD80^(+)M1 macrophages and inhibited the CD68^(+)CD206^(+)M2 phenotype.Conclusion C6orf120 knockout alleviates Con A-induced autoimmune hepatitis by inhibiting macrophage polarization toward M1 macrophages and reducing the expression of related inflammatory factors in C6orf120^(-/-)rats. 展开更多
关键词 C6orf120 Autoimmune hepatitis Macrophage polarization M1 macrophages
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Hepatitis E virus infections
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作者 Basavraj S Nagoba Abhijit S Rayate 《World Journal of Virology》 2024年第2期5-10,共6页
Hepatitis E virus(HEV)infection is now endemic worldwide.Most patients with acute infection recover uneventfully.Outbreaks and sporadic cases,particularly in high-risk individuals are emerging increasingly.The patient... Hepatitis E virus(HEV)infection is now endemic worldwide.Most patients with acute infection recover uneventfully.Outbreaks and sporadic cases,particularly in high-risk individuals are emerging increasingly.The patients with risk factors like pregnancy and pre-existing chronic liver disease,present with or progress rapidly to severe disease.Immuno-suppression in post-transplant patients is an additional risk factor.Standardized FDA-approved diagnostic tests are the need of the hour.Further studies are needed to establish guideline-based treatment regimen and outbreak preparedness for HEV to decrease global morbidity,mortality,and healthcare burden.Policies for screening donors and transplant cases are requi-red. 展开更多
关键词 CHALLeNGeS Chronic hepatitis e hepatitis e virus Post-transplant hepatitis Risk factors
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Realm of hepatitis E:Challenges and opportunities
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作者 Jia-Rui Li Ze Xiang +3 位作者 Shu-Hui Li Chen-Xi Li Hong Yan Jian Wu 《World Journal of Experimental Medicine》 2024年第2期1-4,共4页
Hepatitis E virus(HEV),responsible for widespread viral hepatitis,infects approximately 2.3 billion individuals globally,with a significant mortality burden in Asia.The virus,primarily transmitted through contaminated... Hepatitis E virus(HEV),responsible for widespread viral hepatitis,infects approximately 2.3 billion individuals globally,with a significant mortality burden in Asia.The virus,primarily transmitted through contaminated water and undercooked meat,is often underdiagnosed,particularly in immunocompromised patients.Current HEV treatments,while effective,are limited by adverse effects,necessitating research into safer alternatives.Moreover,HEV’s extrahepatic manifestations,impacting the nervous and renal systems,remain poorly understood.This study underscores the imperative for enhanced HEV research,improved diagnostic methods,and more effective treatments,coupled with increased public health awareness and preventive strategies. 展开更多
关键词 hepatitis e TReATMeNT extrahepatic manifestations CHALLeNGeS OPPORTUNITIeS
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Risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma associated with hepatitis C genotype 3 infection:A systematic review 被引量:1
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作者 Hamzah Z Farooq Michael James +4 位作者 Jane Abbott Patrick Oyibo Pip Divall Naheed Choudhry Graham R Foster 《World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology》 SCIE 2024年第4期1596-1612,共17页
BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is a blood-borne virus which globally affects around 79 million people and is associated with high morbidity and mortality.Chronic infection leads to cirrhosis in a large proportion of... BACKGROUND Hepatitis C virus(HCV)is a blood-borne virus which globally affects around 79 million people and is associated with high morbidity and mortality.Chronic infection leads to cirrhosis in a large proportion of patients and often causes hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)in people with cirrhosis.Of the 6 HCV genotypes(G1-G6),genotype-3 accounts for 17.9%of infections.HCV genotype-3 responds least well to directly-acting antivirals and patients with genotype-3 infection are at increased risk of HCC even if they do not have cirrhosis.AIM To systematically review and critically appraise all risk factors for HCC secondary to HCV-G3 in all settings.Consequently,we studied possible risk factors for HCC due to HCV-G3 in the literature from 1946 to 2023.METHODS This systematic review aimed to synthesise existing and published studies of risk factors for HCC secondary to HCV genotype-3 and evaluate their strengths and limitations.We searched Web of Science,Medline,EMBASE,and CENTRAL for publications reporting risk factors for HCC due to HCV genotype-3 in all settings,1946-2023.RESULTS Four thousand one hundred and forty-four records were identified from the four databases with 260 records removed as duplicates.Three thousand eight hundred and eighty-four records were screened with 3514 excluded.Three hundred and seventy-one full-texts were assessed for eligibility with seven studies included for analysis.Of the seven studies,three studies were retrospective case-control trials,two retrospective cohort studies,one a prospective cohort study and one a cross-sectional study design.All were based in hospital settings with four in Pakistan,two in South Korea and one in the United States.The total number of participants were 9621 of which 167 developed HCC(1.7%).All seven studies found cirrhosis to be a risk factor for HCC secondary to HCV genotype-3 followed by higher age(five-studies),with two studies each showing male sex,high alpha feto-protein,directly-acting antivirals treatment and achievement of sustained virologic response as risk factors for developing HCC.CONCLUSION Although,studies have shown that HCV genotype-3 infection is an independent risk factor for end-stage liver disease,HCC,and liver-related death,there is a lack of evidence for specific risk factors for HCC secondary to HCV genotype-3.Only cirrhosis and age have demonstrated an association;however,the number of studies is very small,and more research is required to investigate risk factors for HCC secondary to HCV genotype-3. 展开更多
关键词 hepatocellular carcinoma hepatitis C Genotype 3 Systematic review Blood-borne viruses Liver cancer
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Pathogenesis and clinical features of severe hepatitis E virus infection
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作者 László Orosz Károly Péter Sárvári +2 位作者 Áron Dernovics András Rosztóczy Klára Megyeri 《World Journal of Virology》 2024年第2期19-33,共15页
The hepatitis E virus(HEV),a member of the Hepeviridae family,is a small,non-enveloped icosahedral virus divided into eight distinct genotypes(HEV-1 to HEV-8).Only genotypes 1 to 4 are known to cause diseases in human... The hepatitis E virus(HEV),a member of the Hepeviridae family,is a small,non-enveloped icosahedral virus divided into eight distinct genotypes(HEV-1 to HEV-8).Only genotypes 1 to 4 are known to cause diseases in humans.Genotypes 1 and 2 commonly spread via fecal-oral transmission,often through the consum-ption of contaminated water.Genotypes 3 and 4 are known to infect pigs,deer,and wild boars,often transferring to humans through inadequately cooked meat.Acute hepatitis caused by HEV in healthy individuals is mostly asymptomatic or associated with minor symptoms,such as jaundice.However,in immunosup-pressed individuals,the disease can progress to chronic hepatitis and even escalate to cirrhosis.For pregnant women,an HEV infection can cause fulminant liver failure,with a potential mortality rate of 25%.Mortality rates also rise amongst cirrhotic patients when they contract an acute HEV infection,which can even trigger acute-on-chronic liver failure if layered onto pre-existing chronic liver disease.As the prevalence of HEV infection continues to rise worldwide,highlighting the particular risks associated with severe HEV infection is of major medical interest.This text offers a brief summary of the characteristics of hepatitis developed by patient groups at an elevated risk of severe HEV infection. 展开更多
关键词 hepatitis e virus CIRRHOSIS Acute-on-chronic liver failure PReGNANCY Immune dysfunction Open reading frames 1-4
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Hepatic Elastometry in the Management of Hepatitis B at National Hospital of Niamey
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作者 Ousseini Fanta Hamidine Illa +7 位作者 Moussa Saley Sahada Abdourahamane Idrissa Fatouma Abdou Nafissatou Ali Cheik Rakia Abdou Boubé Abdou Djibo Ben Moctar Ky Lawagoulé Joseph Emile Daou Mamane 《Open Journal of Gastroenterology》 CAS 2024年第9期313-321,共9页
Introduction: Viral hepatitis B is a public health problem in Niger which is classified as a high endemicity area with a prevalence ranging from 8 to 17% depending on the studies [1] and that of HBV-related cirrhosis ... Introduction: Viral hepatitis B is a public health problem in Niger which is classified as a high endemicity area with a prevalence ranging from 8 to 17% depending on the studies [1] and that of HBV-related cirrhosis is about 40.26% in 2024. The decision to treat is based on a combination of three parameters: viral load, ALT values and the degree of hepatic fibrosis [2]. The latter is assessed by hepatic elastography (Fibroscan), which is a decisive factor in treatment. In Niger, until 2024, the decision to treat or not to treat a patient with HBV was based on the determination of viral load B and transaminases, and no work evaluating the contribution of this third element, liver elasticity, has been done, hence the interest of our study. Objective: To study the contribution of Fibroscan in measuring hepatic elasticity in the management of patients with HBV. Methodology: This was a prospective descriptive study conducted from January 05 to November 30, i.e. a period of 11 months, on clinically asymptomatic HBsAg-positive patients who had undergone FibroScan liver elasticity measurement. The examination was carried out by a hepatogastroenterologist who had received training in the Fibroscan. The median of ten measures of liver elasticity at the same point with an IQR of less than 30% was considered the valid measure and no or minimal fibrosis was defined as a value ˂7 Kpa, moderate fibrosis as a value between 7 and 10 kpa, severe fibrosis as a value greater than 10 Kpa, and the existence of cirrhosis as a value greater than 14 Kpa were analyzed using SPSS version 20 software. Results: Out of 398 patients monitored for HBV, 60 cases met the inclusion criteria, i.e., a frequency of 15.07%. The mean age of the patients was 35.63 years, with extremes of 18 and 70 years. They were predominantly male, with a sex ratio of 3.2. Married patients accounted for 61.67% (n = 37). Jaundice was absent in 91.67% (n = 55). The circumstances of discovery of HBV were the routine health check-up, followed by blood donation with 50% and 46.67%, respectively. The viral load was >2000 UI/ml in 32.7% (n = 17). HBeAg was negative in 93.33% of cases (n = 56). ALT levels were normal in 47 patients (78.33%). Mean liver elasticity was 6.7 KPa. Fibrosis was classified as F0 - F1 in 75% (n = 45), F1 - F2 in 18.33% (n = 11) and F3 - F4 in 6.67% (n = 4) of patients. There was no significant relationship between viremia value, liver activity, degree of fibrosis and quantitative HBsAg. Conclusion: Measurement of hepatic elasticity has made it possible to diagnose cases of compensated cirrhosis and significant fibrosis in patients considered to be inactive carriers (viral load ˂2000 IU/ml and normal transaminases) in asymptomatic HBV+ patients. This made it possible to put these patients on Tenofovir in order to avoid decompensation for the first group and for the second the progression to cirrhosis. It is an excellent tool to aid in the decision to start treatment. 展开更多
关键词 hepatic elasticity FIBROSCAN FIBROSIS hepatitis B NIGeR
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Hepatitis B Surface Antigen and Hepatitis C Virus Antibodies among Drug Users in Burkina Faso
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作者 Sylvie Zida Kadari Cissé +13 位作者 Odette Ky-Zerbo Dinanibè Kambiré Serge Théophile Soubeiga Simon Tiendrebéogo Fatou Sissoko Issa Sory Célestine Ki-Toé Solange Dioma Djeneba Zorom Adama Ouédraogo Cedric Dimitri Axon Hien Mahamoudou Sanou Seni Kouanda Henri Gautier Ouédraogo 《Advances in Microbiology》 CAS 2024年第1期92-104,共13页
Introduction: The epidemiology of both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among drug users (DUs) is little known in West Africa. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of hepatitis B and ... Introduction: The epidemiology of both hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections among drug users (DUs) is little known in West Africa. The study aimed to assess the prevalence of hepatitis B and C viruses among drug users in Burkina Faso. Methodology: This was a cross-sectional biological and behavioral survey conducted between June and August 2022, among drug users in Ouagadougou and Bobo Dioulasso, the two main cities of Burkina Faso. A respondent-driven sampling (RDS) was used to recruit drug users. Hepatitis B surface antigen was determined using lateral flow rapid test kits and antibodies to hepatitis C virus in serum determined using an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay. Data were entered and analyzed using Stata 17 software. Weighted binary logistic regression was used to identify the associated factors of hepatitis B and C infections and a p-value Results: A total of 323 drug users were recruited with 97.5% males. The mean age was 32.7 years old. The inhaled or smoked mode was the most used by drug users. The adjusted hepatitis B and hepatitis C prevalence among study participants were 11.1% and 2.3% respectively. The marital status (p = 0.001), and the nationality (p = 0.011) were significantly associated with hepatitis B infection. The type of drug used was not significantly associated with hepatitis B infection or hepatitis C infection. Conclusion: The prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV antibodies among DUs are comparable to those reported in the general population in Burkina Faso. This result suggests that the main routes of contamination by HBV and HCV among DUs are similar to those in the population, and could be explained by the low use of the injectable route by DUs in Burkina Faso. 展开更多
关键词 Drug Users hepatitis C hepatitis B PReVALeNCe Burkina Faso
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