Analysis on the Epidemic Situation of Intercepted Alien Pests from Imported Hides in Hebei and the Countermeasures during 2013-2014

The situation of intercepted alien pests from imported hides in Hebei during 2013-2014 was systematically analyzed. The results showed that 163 batches of alien pests were intercepted, including 2 batches of quarantine weeds and they both were Italian cocklebur. According to the statistics of original countries, the intercepted hides from 21 countries all had alien pests, in which Australia was the largest number of batches and species of alien pests. The analysis results showed that there was severe risk in the imported hides carrying alien pests, thus to effectively prevent the invasion of alien pests to our country, several quarantine measures should be taken in the future, such as enhancing the quarantine inspection in ports, and promoting the personnel ability of interception and species identification of alien pests.

Chromium-Containing Organic Fertilizers from Tanned Hides and Skins: A Review on Chemical, Environmental, Agronomical and Legislative Aspects

A category of chromium (Cr)-containing fertilizers is represented by the fertilizers deriving from byproducts of tanning process. Their use is widespread because of their good agronomic response due to the high content of slow release or- ganic nitrogen (N) and carbon (C). They do not represent an environmental hazard because only the non-toxic form of Cr(III) is present. Productive processes may involve chemical, enzymatic or thermal hydrolysis. The final product is characterized by different contents of peptides and free amino acids depending on the type of hydrolysis. Legislation concerning Cr-containing fertilizers is controversial because often do not consider any scientific evidences;nevertheless, the European Union, the United States and countries as Italy, do not set the restriction to Cr(III) and generally only the presence of the toxic form, Cr(VI), is limited. Depending on its two main oxidation forms, Cr issue has been studied for many years. Several authors confirmed that Cr(VI) is carcinogenic, while Cr(III) is an essential trace element in human and animal diet. In soil Cr(III) has low mobility, whereas Cr(VI) is highly water soluble. However Cr(VI) in soil is quickly reduced to Cr(III);on the contrary oxidation of Cr(III) to Cr(VI) is rarely possible because particular conditions must occur. Only a very small fraction of Cr in soil is available to plant uptake and its translocation in edible parts is limited because it is immobilized in roots as Cr(III). Therefore risks of environmental pollution using these fertilizers are negligible;on the contrary they have positive environmental and agronomical effects. The aim of this review is to deal with the category of the organic fertilizers containing Cr derived from tannery processes focusing on its chemical, productive, legislative, environmental and agronomical aspects. Special attention is given to the ambiguous issue of Cr briefly summarizing the most important studies of the last forty years.

基于特征码的Imagehide与JPEGX图像隐藏信息检测以及提取

信息隐藏技术利用载体中存在的冗余信息来隐藏秘密对象,以隐藏秘密信息的存在。隐写术是信息隐藏的一个重要分支。隐写分析是通过对隐密对象的分析,对秘密信息进行检测及破解的技术。本文针对Imagehide与JPEGX两种网上常见的隐写工具,从分析特征码出发,揭示了检测和提取秘密信息的方法,并进行了实验,取得了较好的结果,证明了该方法的有效性。

The Emerging Trade in Donkey Hide: An Opportunity or a Threat for Communities in Kenya?

Donkey hides are used in a form of Traditional Chinese medicine called ejiao, the demand for ejiao is currently so high the global donkey population is currently in decline. Africa’s donkey population is considered a key source for the trade, with Kenya being highlighted as being particularly affected. In Kenya donkeys play a vital contribution to people’s livelihoods;this study aimed to explore the potential impact of the donkey hide trade on small holder farmer’s livelihoods. The study was conducted in five counties in Kenya;data was collected using household survey questionnaires, focus group discussions and key informant interviews. When household survey participants (n = 421) were asked if the number of donkeys in their herd had decreased within the last two years 34.2% (n = 144) reported a decrease, of those 43.8% (n = 63) reported the selling of donkeys as the primary cause of reduction in herd size. Increased money spent on the transportation of farm produce, water and firewood was the most frequently reported effect of the loss of donkeys (62.5%, n = 263). Some focus group discussion participants said that they had previously sold their donkeys to raise money for school fees, likewise 43% (n = 97) of focus group discussion participants said that they would sell their donkeys to pay medical bills. Results from the study suggest that small holder farmers are choosing to sell their donkeys for an instant boost in income, but long-term this is unlikely to be a sustainable livelihood option.

An Automatic Production Equipment of Animal Hide Chew

Animal hide chew is mainly hand crafted at home and abroad.This paper designed an automatic production equipment of animal hide chew.The equipment achieved the whole process automation from chicken breast smashing(meat grinding and feeding equipment),extrusion,tearing cowhide strip,rolling,wrapping chicken breast,cutting to strips,weighing and drying to packaging through automated production line,which saved a lot of manpower and material resources and leads to uniform and stable product quality.

hide,假如你能推开一切羁绊

失去的总是会显得弥足珍贵,那就让我们把 hide 在人间犹如绯红的樱花用尽生命全部力量绽放出的瞬间精彩绵延成一抹永不泯灭的红,无论阴郁或明朗,宁静或喧嚣,那抹红总是极致清澈艳丽的。

Nowhere to Hide

CHINA has recently deployed unmanned drones to detect the levels of air pollution in northern areas of the country, to aid an inspection on the enforcement of environmental protection laws, according to a statement from the country＇s Ministry of Environmental Protection.

Fabricated Picture Can't hide the Truth

New Yorkbased Human Rights Watch re cently released its annual World Human Rights Report, in which it habitually points an accusing finger at other countnes＂ human nglats records. As a Chinese scholar of human rights studies, I have to express my observations about the report＇s allegations against China. First, the report still takes an outdated and biased approach to judge human rights records and makes comments that are beyond reality. For instance, it continues to claim that China＇s household registration, or hukou, system, denies migrant workers＇ children the chance of a decent education. However, a regulation introduced in 2003 already allows the children of migrant workers to receive nineyear compulsory education in cities where their parents work.

Hacking Anti-Shoplifting System to Hide Data within Clothes

Steganography has been used to prevent unauthorized access to private information during transmission.It is the scheme of securing sensitive information by concealing it within carriers such as digital images,videos,audio,or text.Current steganography methods are working by assigning a cover le then embed the payload within it by making some modications,creating the stego-le.However,the left traces that are caused by these modications will make steganalysis algorithms easily detect the hidden payload.Aiming to solve this issue,a novel,highly robust steganography method based on hacking anti-shoplifting systems has proposed to hide data within clothes.The anti-Shoplifting system is an anti-theft security system that protects goods and products,leaving the store in an illegal way(i.e.,without paying for them).The proposed method works by modifying the default anti-shoplifting system by changing its built-in soft RFID(radio-frequency identication)tags sewn in clothes into NFC(Near Field Communication)tags.These NFC tags are smart tags that can communicate with NFC-Enabled smart-phones using NDEF(NFC Data Exchange Format).NDEF is one of the advancements added to RFID technology by NFC,which allows the data exchange.Every NDEF message has one/more NDEF records that contain record type,a unique ID,a length,and a payload of data that contains the secret message content that can be any type of data that ts in a byte stream.Based on NDEF and NFC-enabled smart-phones,the proposed method will take the secret message from the sender,make use of his NFC-enabled smart-phone to communicate with the NFC tag,then hide the secret message within the NDEF’s payload of the NFC tag stuck in clothes.Finally,to evaluate the proposed method,it has been compared with default(digital)steganography weak points.Such as time,lockable,robustness,attacks,capacity,and a few more points.The results and comparisons showed that the proposed method is more efcient than default(digital)steganography and has many advantages.

An Approach to Hide Secret Speech Information

This paper presented an approach to hide secret speech information in code excited linear prediction (CELP)-based speech coding scheme by adopting the analysis-by-synthesis (ABS)-based algorithm of speech information hiding and extracting for the purpose of secure speech communication. The secret speech is coded in 2.4 Kb/s mixed excitation linear prediction (MELP), which is embedded in CELP type public speech. The ABS algorithm adopts speech synthesizer in speech coder. Speech embedding and coding are synchronous, i.e. a fusion of speech information data of public and secret. The experiment of embedding 2.4 Kb/s MELP secret speech in G.728 scheme coded public speech transmitted via public switched telephone network (PSTN) shows that the proposed approach satisfies the requirements of information hiding, meets the secure communication speech quality constraints, and achieves high hiding capacity of average 3.2 Kb/s with an excellent speech quality and complicating speakers’ recognition.

Antioxidant activity during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and the mode of action with tannins of cowhide-derived collagen hydrolysates:The effects of molecular weight

In this study,collagen hydrolysates were prepared by autoclaving or its combination with enzymolysis.After it,the digestion pattern and antioxidant activity were estimated in vitro gastrointestinal digestion.Three MW(HMW-CH,10-100 kDa;MMW-CH,1-10 kDa;LMW-CH,<1 kDa)of collagen hydrolysates were obtained.After digestion,MW of these samples decreased to some extent,while their total MW composition still show a similar tendency to the undigested samples,i.e.HMW-CH>MMW-CH>LMW-CH.From gastric to intestinal phase,DPPH radical scavenging of HMW-CH increased from 5.45%to 35.19%.However,MMW-CH and LMW-CH increased from 47.35%to 52.90%and 49.84%-64.40%in the gastric phase,and then decreased to 27.94%and 21.69%in the intestinal phase,respectively.Meantime,the reducing power of these samples was lower in the gastric phase,but increased within 15 min of intestinal phase.After,the differences decreased and the final was LMW-CH(1.030)>MMW-CH(0.914)>HMW-CH(0.872).These results indicate that the lower the MW,the higher the antioxidant activity.In addition,the binding mode of them to tannins was analyzed by thermody-namic parameters.The results suggest that the main mode of interaction between HMW-CH and MMW-CH and tannins was hydrogen bonding,whereas LMW-CH and tannin was hydrophobic.Overall,these results are helpful for us to better understand absorption process of collagen hydrolysates and provide some theoretical and technological support for collagen consumed in food and medicine.

区块链隐私保护技术研究进展

区块链作为数字产业发展的新方向、经济社会发展的新兴技术,是建设信息化国家的战略产业,将对未来生产、生活方式带来日益深远的影响。随着区块链技术的广泛应用和人们对数字隐私不断重视,区块链隐私保护成为了制约区块链推广的关键因素。现在亟须对区块链隐私保护技术研究进展进行分析和梳理,为未来区块链隐私保护重点问题的进一步研究和突破提供依据。通过分析区块链隐私特点,从数据层、网络层、交易层和应用层总结了区块链在隐私保护方面存在的风险,详细列举了当前各层次隐私保护相关技术、原理和应用场景。对区块链隐私保护技术在新兴技术发展下的挑战和发展方向进行了展望。

Hide and Seek: Protein-coding Sequences Inside ‘‘Non-coding” RNAs

Calcium homeostasis is crucial for muscle contractilityMuscle cells are critically dependent on calcium homeostasis. Without having the right amount of calcium ions just on the spot and coordinated in between muscle cells, no contraction can take place. Therefore, calcium homeostasis is one of the critical regulatory mechanisms in all muscle cells, including skeletal muscle and heart [1,2]. Ca2＋ adenosine triphosphatase the relaxation of muscle cells Sarco-endoplasmic reticulum （SERCA） is responsible for by pumping Ca2＋ into the sarcoplasmic reticulum （SR） .

Selective adsorption of tannins onto hide collagen fibres

Hide collagen of animals is used to prepare adsorbent material and its adsorption properties to tannins are investigated. It is indicated that the collagen fibres has excellent adsorption selectivity and high adsorption capacity to tannins. The adsorption rate of tannins is more than 90% whilst less than 10% of functional components are retained by the adsorbent. The adsorption mechanism of tannins onto hide collagen fibres is hydrogen-bonding association. Freundlich model can be used to describe the adsorption isotherms, and the pseudo-second-order rate model can be used to describe adsorption kinetics.

面向工业物联网的策略隐藏属性基加密方案

针对工业物联网中的生产和监管数据易泄露与数据获取中断的问题,提出支持策略隐藏的属性基加密方案。将属性信息分为属性名和属性值进行方案构造,属性值在构造过程中并未暴露并且上传到云服务器的访问策略仅由属性名构成,工业物联网设备在获取生产信息时不会完整的访问策略,防止了不法分子对设备信息盗取进而导致访问策略及生产信息的泄露。同时,授权多个半可信云服务器,当某个半可信云服务器不能正常工作时可快速根据服务器密钥更新用户私钥,使得其他半可信云服务器接替其工作,保证物联网设备读取数据的连续性。此外,引入属性认证,在撤销过程中无需重更新密文,适用于产生大量数据的物联网环境的撤销。经过安全性分析和性能分析,该方案能抵抗选择明文攻击,且系统初始化、用户密钥生成、加密、解密都具有较高的运行效率。

基于像素调制自适应编码密文域的可逆信息隐藏算法

针对图像信息隐藏不能产生理想的有效负载问题,提出一种基于像素调制自适应编码密文域的可逆信息隐藏算法。首先,对灰度图像做块间置乱并进行像素调制预处理,设计块内像素位置变换矩阵保证分块置乱前后中心像素的预测误差不变。接着,利用最邻近像素差分方法保持加密图像块内的空间冗余,根据预测误差的频率自适应生成哈夫曼编码,并对比哈夫曼编码中比特位将信息嵌入到预留空间中。最后,对所提出算法进行实验分析,实验结果表明:提出的算法具有可逆性和信息分离性,与自适应差分图像恢复算法相比,平均嵌入率提高了0.299 bpp。

Aluminum tanning of hide powder and skin pieces under microwave irradiation

The application and mechanism study of microwave irradiation in traditional industries have attracted considerable attention owing to the unique thermal and athermal effects that could lead to unexpected benefits in high-efficiency and clean production.Herein,we report the investigation of the aluminum tanning under microwave irradiation upon using hide powder and skin pieces,respectively,as simulants of real hide or skin.The aluminum tanning process and the tanned products under microwave heating(MWH)were studied and compared with those of conventional water bath heating(WBH)as the controls.For the tanning system of hide powder,the tanning effluents were analyzed in terms of pH,conductivity,dielectric constant and aluminum content,and the tanned powder was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),thermogravimetric(TG)analysis,and FT-IR spectroscopy.For the skin piece system,the pH and aluminum content of tanning effluents were also determined,and at the same time,DSC,TG,SEM,FT-IR and shrinkage temperature were used to illustrate the actions of microwaves on the structure and properties of the tanned pieces.The results show that aluminum reactivity in the penetration and binding process of collagen fibers in hide powder and skin pieces improved using microwave treatment.The residual aluminum content was greatly reduced by microwave heating action,and the increased amount of aluminum with evener distribution was observed in the tanned products.Microwave irradiation also resulted in the tanned products with better thermal stability and thermal decomposition resistance.This work further promotes application of microwave treatments for aluminumbased tanning in leather industry.