High-Yielding Cultivation Techniques of Summer Corn

The high-yielding cultivation practice for summer corn were expounded, pointing out the points for attention in land selection before sowing, basal dressing, fine breed selection, sowing and seedling management.

Cultivation Techniques for High-yield Corn in a Karst Area of Southwest Guizhou

The cultivation techniques for high-yield corn in a karst area of southwest Guizhou were elaborated in this research from the respects of choosing farmland, preparing farmland, picking good seeds, timely sowing, rational close planting, im-proving the quality of planting, mulching, scientific fertilization, field management, timely harvest, etc. we hoped to provide a reference for the realization of high-effi-ciency corn planting in mountain areas.

Cultivation Techniques for High-quality and High-yield Spring Peanut in East Henan Province

Groundnut,also known as peanut,has high economic and medicinal value. A member of the legume crops,it is rich in various nutrients and is one of the main oil crops for processing high-quality edible oil. Compared with other cash crops,planting peanuts can bring greater economic benefits to farmers. In this paper,we summarized techniques of cultivating spring peanut in open fields for years,and explored the problems and difficulties in the cultivation management process,in order to provide technical guidance for the farmers to carry out high-yield spring peanut production.

High Yield and Efficient Cultivation Techniques of Rice under Rice- fish Intergrowth Model in Chengdu

The integrated planting and breeding of paddy fields is a kind of eco-planting and breeding mode which makes rice and aquatic animals benefit from each other,greatly reducing the harm of rice pests and diseases,using less or even no fertilizers or pesticides,greatly reducing the agricultural non-point source pollution,thus achieving the " multiple use of water,multiple harvests in one field,grain and fishing winwin,ecological and high efficient use. " In this paper,the high yield and efficient cultivation techniques of rice under the rice-fish intergrowth model in Chengdu was introduced from the aspects of selecting good paddy fields for fishing,using appropriate rice varieties,soaking disinfection,timely sowing and nurturing strong seedlings,reasonable close planting,reasonable fertilization,scientific water management,scientific pest control and rice harvests.

Study on Key Techniques for High-quality and High-yield Cultivation of Ganoderma lucidum Spore Powder

Comparative test of 4 Ganoderma lucidum varieties from different sources showed that the mycelium of Chizhi 1 grew fast with thick and dense hyphae,round and solid cap,and high spore powder yield.Chizhi 1 was proved to be an excellent variety because of its strong resistance and high spore powder yield.Different cultivation materials were chosen and combined to form 3 cultivation formulations.The results showed that Formulation(3),in which basswood was soaked in nutrient solution for 24 h,presented fast mycelial growth and high spore powder output,and therefore was proved to be a high-yield formulation of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder.

The Edible and Medicinal Value of <i>Coix lacryma-jobi</i>and Key Cultivation Techniques for High and Stable Yield

In this paper, it was introduced that Coix lacryma-jobi is a traditional dual-use edible and medicine crops in China, and the nutritional components and medicinal value of Coix lacryma-jobi were described. Based on the published literature at home and abroad, a variety of chemical components found in Coix lacryma jobi and their medicinal effects were reviewed. At the same time, the problems existing in the production of Coix lacryma jobi were put forward. With the improvement of people’s living standards, the nutritional and health care value of Coix lacryma-jobi has been paid more and more attention. The problems of Coix lacryma-jobi in production were analyzed. Some biological characteristics of Coix lacryma-jobi, especially its hygrophyte characteristics, were re-recognized, which is very important to increase the yield of Coix lacryma jobi. In the paper, the key cultivation techniques for high and stable yield of Coix lacryma-jobi were also summarized. In order to obtain high quality, high and stable yield, we should adopt the new technical methods of “two wet, two dry and two water” in water management. At the same time, if artificial pollination is applied in the peak of flowering period, the seed setting rate and the yield will be increased.

Study on Key Techniques for Precise and Quantitative, Stable and High Yield Cultivation of Peanuts in Eastern Henan Region

Peanut is a main industrial crop in the eastern Henan region. Its benefits directly affect the economic income of local farmers. Therefore, scientific cultivation of peanuts is an important way to increase farmers' income in the eastern Henan region. This paper firstly introduced the key techniques for precise and quantitative, stable and high yield cultivation of peanuts in the eastern Henan region. From the field selection, scientific seed selection, precise quantitative sowing, fertilizer and water management, chemical control technologies, prevention and control of pests and diseases, and timely harvesting, it made an in-depth analysis. It is expected to provide data references for further improvement of stale and high yield cultivation technical system, and provide technical guidance for raising the peanut planting level of peanut growers.

Analysis of High Yield and Efficiency Technique in Hybrid Rice Zhongzheyou No.1

To understand the high yield and efficiency technique in hybrid rice Zhongzheyou No. 1, we conducted the correlation analysis, regression analysis and path analysis of hybrid rice Zhongzheyou No. 1 based on the data of its ear, grain and weight at different yield levels. From this study, we put forward the high yield and efficiency technique in Zhongzheyou No. 1 .. on the basis of certain effective ear number, filled grains per ear should be mainly targeted with a consideration to 1 000-grain weight.

内江市“水稻-大蒜”轮作高产高效栽培技术

内江市农业生产以水稻和大蒜为主要经济作物。长期以来实施的单一作物连作模式已经导致了土壤疲劳、肥力下降和病虫害增多等问题。为了解决这些问题,开发了一种水稻与大蒜的轮作高产高效栽培技术,旨在通过改良种植结构,提高农田生态系统的多样性,从而增加农作物的产量并保持土壤健康。轮作模式不仅提高了水稻和大蒜的单产,优化了产品的品质,还有效改善了土壤结构与肥力,减少了病虫害的发生。

Using irrigation intervals to optimize water-use efficiency and maize yield in Xinjiang,northwest China

Worldwide, scarce water resources and substantial food demands require efficient water use and high yield.This study investigated whether irrigation frequency can be used to adjust soil moisture to increase grain yield and water use efficiency(WUE) of high-yield maize under conditions of mulching and drip irrigation.A field experiment was conducted using three irrigation intervals in 2016: 6, 9, and 12 days(labeled D6, D9, and D12) and five irrigation intervals in 2017: 3, 6, 9, 12, and 15 days(D3, D6, D9, D12, and D15).In Xinjiang, an optimal irrigation quota is 540 mm for high-yield maize.The D3, D6, D9, D12, and D15 irrigation intervals gave grain yields of 19.7, 19.1–21.0, 18.8–20.0, 18.2–19.2, and 17.2 Mg ha^-1 and a WUE of 2.48, 2.53–2.80, 2.47–2.63, 2.34–2.45, and 2.08 kg m-3, respectively.Treatment D6 led to the highest soil water storage, but evapotranspiration and soil-water evaporation were lower than other treatments.These results show that irrigation interval D6 can help maintain a favorable soil-moisture environment in the upper-60-cm soil layer, reduce soilwater evaporation and evapotranspiration, and produce the highest yield and WUE.In this arid region and in other regions with similar soil and climate conditions, a similar irrigation interval would thus be beneficial for adjusting soil moisture to increase maize yield and WUE under conditions of mulching and drip irrigation.

A super-high angular resolution principle for coded-mask X-ray imaging beyond the diffraction limit of a single pinhole

High angular resolution X-ray imaging is always useful in astrophysics and solar physics. In principle, it can be performed by using coded-mask imaging with a very long mask-detector distance. Previously, the diffraction-interference effect was thought to degrade coded-mask imaging performance dramatically at the low energy end with its very long mask-detector distance. The diffraction-interference effect is described with numerical calculations, and the diffraction-interference cross correlation reconstruction method （DICC） is developed in order to overcome the imaging performance degradation. Based on the DICC, a super-high angular resolution principle （SHARP） for coded-mask X-ray imaging is proposed. The feasibility of coded mask imaging beyond the diffraction limit of a single pinhole is demonstrated with simulations. With the specification that the mask element size is 50 × 50 μm^2 and the mask-detector distance is 50 m, the achieved angular resolution is 0.32arcsec above about 10keV and 0.36arcsec at 1.24keV （λ = 1 nm）, where diffraction cannot be neglected. The on-axis source location accuracy is better than 0.02 arcsec. Potential applications for solar observations and wide-field X-ray monitors are also briefly discussed.

高产抗病大豆新品种吉育513的选育及栽培技术

为给优质高产大豆品种的研发提供参考和借鉴,吉林省农业科学院大豆研究所2009年以吉育47为母本,以铁97124-1-1为父本,配制杂交组合,采用系谱法选育出高产抗病大豆新品种吉育513。2019—2020年参加国家北方春大豆中晚熟组区域试验,平均产量3248.5 kg·hm^(-2),比对照吉育72增产6.1%。2020年参加生产试验,平均产量3301.5 kg·hm^(-2),比对照吉育72增产12.1%。2021年通过国家农作物品种审定委员会审定,审定编号为国审豆20210032。该品种具有高产、稳产和抗病等优良特性,特别适合在吉林省南中部、辽宁省东部和北部、宁夏回族自治区北部、山西省北部、河北省承德地区以及甘肃省张掖地区进行春季播种。该品种是通过传统育种技术与肥力优化筛选相结合的育种模式选育而成的,这种选育模式将对我国大豆产业的未来发展产生深远而积极的影响,如果优化有机和无机的配施比例,吉育513将更能发挥其高产潜力。

“贵妃”枇杷高产高效栽培技术

“贵妃”枇杷是福建省农业科学院果树研究所通过实生选种选育出的白肉枇杷新品种,2014年6月30日通过全国热带作物品种审定委员会审定。近年来在福建、四川、重庆、广东等地引种示范,取得了良好效果。为了更好地促进福建枇杷品种结构调整、品质提升和枇杷产业的可持续发展,本文从肥水管理、生草栽培、树体管理、花果管理和病虫害防治等方面介绍了“贵妃”枇杷高产高效栽培技术。

杂交水稻新组合卓两优1126百亩片单产17.79 t/hm^(2)超高产栽培技术

卓两优1126是湖南杂交水稻研究中心和湖南农业大学用小粒不育系卓201S与大粒恢复系R1126选配而成的强优势新组合。该组合株叶形态好,剑叶挺直,穗层相对较低,根系发达,穗大粒多,结实率高,稻米品质好,具有优异的抗倒伏能力和较大的高产潜力。同时,该组合的小粒型不育系可进行轻简机械化制种,实现杂交水稻种子生产全程机械化,降低种子成本,促进水稻生产方式转型。2023年卓两优1126在云南省蒙自市进行百亩超高产攻关示范,平均单产达17.79 t/hm^(2)。本文详细阐述了卓两优1126百亩片单产17.79 t/hm^(2)超高产栽培技术,并提出栽培种植过程中获取高产的关键措施。

高产优质抗病玉米新品种达美5号的选育、特性分析及栽培技术

玉米(Zea mays L.)新品种达美5号是十堰市农业科学院和华中农业大学以HZ1711为母本、Q4-2为父本育成的杂交种,2020—2021年2年区域试验平均产量为9950.85 kg/hm^(2),比对照品种华玉11增产8.53%,具有突出的高产稳产、抗逆广适、品质优良、制种产量高的特性,于2022年8月通过湖北省农作物品种审定委员会审定。总结了达美5号的选育过程、特征特性、抗逆性、品质和产量表现,介绍了栽培和制种技术要点,为品种的应用推广提供参考。

无花果优质安全生产技术

本文对无花果的优质安全生产技术进行了综述,涉及建园及设施选择、整形修剪、土肥管理、病虫害防治和苗木繁育等5个环节,对无花果生产过程中的选址要求、修剪方法、常见病虫害、土壤改良、灌水施肥标准以及常用的苗木繁育方法进行了详细阐述,以期为无花果的标准化生产实践提供参考。

谷优676在尤溪县作再生稻种植的特征特性及高效栽培技术

谷优676是福建兴禾种业科技有限公司、福建省农业科学院水稻研究所、福建禾丰种业股份有限公司用谷丰A与福恢676杂交选育的品种,2017年通过福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定。谷优676连续3 a在尤溪县作再生稻示范种植,具有高产、抗病、熟相好、抗逆性和再生力强等特点。总结了谷优676作再生稻种植的高产高效生产关键技术。

粮草双高型大麦新品种皖饲麦3号的选育及栽培技术

皖饲麦3号是安徽省农业科学院作物研究所采用系谱法选育而成的粮草双高型饲用大麦新品种。2018—2020年度参加安徽省多点联合鉴定,平均产量达480.64 kg/667 m^(2),比对照西引二号增产10.42%。2023年通过农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记,登记号:GPD大麦(青稞)(2023)340003。皖饲麦3号为春性多棱皮大麦,茎秆粗壮,分蘖力较好,生育期187 d左右,株高90 cm左右,千粒质量31 g左右,籽粒蛋白质含量(质量分数,下同)10.31%,淀粉含量632.6 g/kg,β-葡聚糖含量5.01%,综合农艺性状较好,抗倒性强。为充分发挥该品种在安徽省沿淮、江淮地区饲料大麦生产中的作用,系统介绍了其选育过程、特征特性,并提出了以收获青饲草、青贮饲料和籽粒为不同目的的配套高产栽培技术。

羊肚菌高产稳产栽培管理技术

探讨了羊肚菌栽培管理技术,重点分析了羊肚菌的生物学特性、生态需求,以及羊肚菌栽培面临的主要风险问题。对羊肚菌栽培中的环境变化与气候风险、病虫害防控问题,以及技术与创新的局限性进行分析,提出了针对环境控制、土壤优化和病虫害防控的优化策略,对羊肚菌高产稳产栽培管理技术的发展趋势进行展望,旨在提高羊肚菌的产量和品质,同时确保栽培的可持续性。

旱优3015在永定县种植表现及高产栽培技术

旱优3015是用沪旱7A与旱恢3015配组育成的籼型三系杂交节水抗旱稻新品种,2020年通过了国家农作物品种审定。2022年引进旱优3015在永定县坎市镇灌溉条件不保障的烟后稻区和复垦地作中稻种植,结果表现群体生长整齐、株型集散适中、分蘖力强、穗大粒多、耐旱抗倒、产量高。总结了旱优3015在永定县的种植表现和高产栽培技术。