Breeding of National Authorized New Wheat Variety Shannong 116 and Supporting Cultivation Technical Measures for High Yield, High Quality and High Efficiency

Shannong 116 is a strong gluten,high yield and multi-resistance wheat variety bred by Shandong Agricultural University,which was approved by the State in 2021 and by Shandong Province in 2022.Shannong 116 combines the excellent characteristics of the female parent(strong gluten,disease resistance and early maturity)and the male parent(high yield,water saving and lodging resistance),with a plant height of 76.9 cm,compact plant type,orderly spike layer and good maturity performance,which is suitable for large-scale promotion and market order planting in Huanghuai wheat area.In this paper,the characteristics of Shannong 116 are analyzed,and cultivation technical measures for high yield,high quality and high efficiency are put forward,in order to provide a technical support for the popularization and application of the variety.

DEVELOPMENT AND EXPERIMENT OF NEW AlTiN COATED DRILLS FOR HIGH EFFICIENCY DRY DRILLING OF 40Cr

Two new AlTiN coated cemented carbide drills with Al content of 40% and 55% in weight are developed for high efficiency dry drilling of 40Cr. By studying tool durability, machined hole quality, tool wear mechanism, chip deformation, and lubrication, the dry drilling performance of the two kinds of coated drills is analyzed. Experimental results show that the AlTiN coated drills are suitable for high efficiency dry drilling and can obtain higher quality of machined holes. The tool durability of the drill with 55% Al content is 1. 3 times of that of the drill with 40% Al content at the cutting speed of 90 m/min. The wear mechanism of two AlTiN coatings are studied in experiments. During dry drilling process, oxidative wear appears in both two kinds of drills. The oxide film is formed on the top of the coated drill containing Al content of 55%. And the oxide film helps to increase its high temperature resistance and decrease the coating flaking, thus the drill is failed because of coating subsidence. The drill with less Al content is failed due to peeling and breakage. The lubricated condition in dry drilling is improved by the high Al content coating. It helps to reduce the cutting deformation and benefits to improve the quality of machined holes. The AlTiN coating with higher Al content shows longer tool life and higher quality of machined holes in high efficiency dry drilling. Its tool life increases by 30% compared with that of the coating with less Al content.

HIGH EFFICIENCY COOLING TECHNOLOGY BASED ON GREEN MANUFACTURING

Green manufacturing （GM） and high efficiency machining technology are inevitable trends in the field of advanced manufacturing of the 21st century. To ensure green and high-efficiency machining, a new high efficiency cooling technology-cryogenic pneumatic mist jet impinging cooling （CPMJI） technology is presented. For obtaining the best cooling effect, a little quantity of coolant is carried by high speed cryogenic air （-20 C ） and reaches the machining zone in the form of mist jet to enhance heat transfer. Experimental results indicate that under the conditions of 40 m/s in the jet impinging speed and 10 mm in the jet impinging distance, the critical heat flux（CHF） nearly reaches 6× 10^7 W/m^2, more than six times of the CHF of the grinding burn with a value of （8～10）×10^6 W/m^2.

A Novel All-pMOS AC to DC Charge Pump with High Efficiency

A novel AC to DC charge pump with high performance is presented. Due to the pMOS structure and threshold voltage canceling technology, the efficiency and the output voltage are greatly improved. Test results show that the output voltage and power efficiency are improved by 125% and 104% respectively at 13.56MHz for a 1V sinusoidal input compared to the traditional MOS diodes structure.

Evaluation of Vaporized Hydrogen Peroxide Fumigation as a Method for the Bio-decontamination of the High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter Unit

Objective To evaluate the performance of vaporized hydrogen peroxide （VHP） for the bio-decontamination of the high efficiency particulate air （HEPA） filter unit. Methods Self-made or commercially available bioindicators were placed at designated locations in the HEPA filter unit under VHP fumigation. The spores on coupons were then extracted by 0.5 h submergence in eluent followed by 200- time violent knocks. Results Due to the presence of HEPA filter in the box, spore recovery from coupons placed at the bottom of the filter downstream was significantly higher than that from coupons placed at the other locations. The gap of decontamination efficiency between the top and the bottom of the filter downstream became narrower with the exposure time extended. The decontamination efficiency of the bottom of the filter downstream only improved gently with the injection rate of H202 increased and the decontamination efficiency decreased instead when the injection rate exceeded 2.5 g/min. The commercially available bioindicators were competent to indicate the disinfection efficiency of VHP for the HEPA filter unit. Conclusion The HEPA filter unit is more difficult than common enclosure to decontaminate using VHP fumigation. Complete decontamination can be achieved by extending fumigation time. VHP fumigation can be applied for in-situ biodecontamination of the HEPA filter unit as an alternative method to formaldehyde fumigation.

Device simulation of lead-free CH_3NH_3SnI_3 perovskite solar cells with high efficiency

The lead-free perovskite solar cells(PSCs) have drawn a great deal of research interest due to the Pb toxicity of the lead halide perovskite.CHNHSnIis a viable alternative to CHNHPbX,because it has a narrower band gap of 1.3 eV and a wider visible absorption spectrum than the lead halide perovskite.The progress of fabricating tin iodide PSCs with good stability has stimulated the studies of these CHNHSnIbased cells greatly.In the paper,we study the influences of various parameters on the solar cell performance through theoretical analysis and device simulation.It is found in the simulation that the solar cell performance can be improved to some extent by adjusting the doping concentration of the perovskite absorption layer and the electron affinity of the buffer and HTM,while the reduction of the defect density of the perovskite absorption layer significantly improves the cell performance.By further optimizing the parameters of the doping concentration(1.3 × 10cm~3) and the defect density(1 × 10cm~3) of perovskite absorption layer,and the electron affinity of buffer(4.0 eV) and HTM(2.6 eV),we finally obtain some encouraging results of the Jof 31.59 mA/cm~2,Vof 0.92 V,FF of 79.99%,and PCE of 23.36%.The results show that the lead-free CHNHSnIPSC is a potential environmentally friendly solar cell with high efficiency.Improving the Snstability and reducing the defect density of CHNHSnIare key issues for the future research,which can be solved by improving the fabrication and encapsulation process of the cell.

Rapid Construction of a High-Density Rice Linkage Map by High Efficiency Genome Scanning (HEGS) System

High-density linkage maps are essential tools for genome analysis of various biological traits. Our developed compact multi-gel system, HEGS （high efficiency genome scanning） is a high-throughput and high-cost-performance electrophoresis apparatus. Using this system, a high-density （average interval 2.3 cM） map with 1 065 AFLP and 63 SSR markers was constructed from recombinant inbred lines of a japonica and indica hybrid in just two months of electrophoreses by a single person. More than 50% of the mapped AFLP markers were commonly polymorphic for several combinations between japonica and indica rice and 15% were applicable for genetically closer crosses between upland and lowland types of japonica rice. This system can be used for rapid analyses of all kinds of markers.

Structure Design of SEN for High Efficiency Thin Slab Continuous Casting

Four-hole submerged entry nozzles （SEN） with dif- ferent structures were researched using the water simula- tion test by particle image velocimetry （PIV） and DJSO0 hydraulic measurement system to get suitable SEN for high efficiency continuous casting. The influences of the exit area ratio （2： 1：2, 3：2： 3, 1： 1：1 and 1：2： 1）, upper guide island angle θ （20°, 40°, 60° and 80°） , and lower guide island angle α （60°, 80°, 100° and 120°） on the vortex position in the mold and fluctuations were researched. The results show that the exit area ratio and the upper and low guide island angles have ob- vious influence on the flow field; the flow field in the mold is suitable at 1：2：1 of the exit area ratio, 80° of upper guide island angle, and 100° of lower guide island angle.

GaInP/GaInAs/GaInNAs/Ge Four-Junction Solar Cell Grown by Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Deposition with High Efficiency

We directly grow a lattice matched GalnP/GalnAs/GalnNAs/Ge （1.88 eVil .42 eVil .05 eV/0.67eV） four-junction （4J） solar cell on a Ge substrate by the metal organic chemical vapor deposition technology. To solve the current limit of the GalnNAs sub cell, we design three kinds of anti-reflection coatings and adjust the base region thickness of the GalnNAs sub cell. Developed by a series of experiments, the external quantum efficiency of the GalnNAs sub cell exceeds 80%, and its current density reaches 11.24 mA/cm2. Therefore the current limit of the 4J solar cell is significantly improved. Moreover, we discuss the difference of test results between 4J and GalnP/GalnAs/Ge solar cells under the 1 sun AMO spectrum.

High Efficiency and Stable Organic Light-Emitting Diodes Based on Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence Emitter

High efficiency, stable organic light-emitting diodes （OLEDs） based on 2-pheyl-4＇-carbazole-9-H-Thioxanthen-9- one-10, 10-dioxide （TXO-PhCz） with different doping concentration are constructed. The stability of the encap- sulated devices are investigated in detail. The devices with the 10 wt% doped TXO-PhCz emitter layer （EML） show the best performance with a current efficiency of 52.1 cd/A, a power efficiency of 32.71re^W, and an external quantum efficiency （EQE） of 17.7%. The devices based on the lOwt%-doped TXO-PhCz EML show the best operational stability with a half-life time （LTSO） of 8Oh, which is 8 h longer than that of the reference devices based on fac-tris（2-phenylpyridinato）iridium（ Ⅲ） （Ir（ppy）a）. These indicate excellent stability of TXO-PhCz for redox and oxidation processes under electrical excitation and TXO-PhCz can be potentially used as the emitters for OLEDs with high efficiency and excellent stability. The high-performance device based on TXO-PhCz with high stability can be further improved by the optimization of the encapsulation technology and the development of a new host for TXO-PhCz.

Large aperture phase-coded diffractive lens for achromatic and 16°field-of-view imaging with high efficiency

Diffractive lenses(DLs)can realize high-resolution imaging with light weight and compact size.Conventional DLs suffer large chromatic and off-axis aberrations,which significantly limits their practical applications.Although many achromatic methods have been proposed,most of them are used for designing small aperture DLs,which have low diffraction efficiencies.In the designing of diffractive achromatic lenses,increasing the aperture and improving the diffraction efficiency have become two of the most important design issues.Here,a novel phase-coded diffractive lens(PCDL)for achromatic imaging with a large aperture and high efficiency is proposed and demonstrated experimentally,and it also possesses wide field-of-view(FOV)imaging at the same time.The phase distribution of the conventional phase-type diffractive lens(DL)is coded with a cubic function to expand both the working bandwidth and the FOV of conventional DL.The proposed phase-type DL is fabricated by using the laser direct writing of grey-scale patterns for a PCDL of a diameter of 10 mm,a focal length of 100 mm,and a cubic phase coding parameter of 30π.Experimental results show that the working bandwidth and the FOV of the PCDL respectively reach 50 nm and 16°with over 8%focusing efficiency,which are in significant contrast to the counterparts of conventional DL and in good agreement with the theoretical predictions.This work provides a novel way for implementing the achromatic,wide FOV,and high-efficiency imaging with large aperture DL.

High efficiency terahertz diffraction grating with trapezoidal elements

A newly designed grating used in terahertz region is proposed, which is composed of the trapezoidal elements repeated successively along one dimension of the substrate, and uniform interval （the grating period） repeated along the other dimension. The transmission of the grating owns a designable trapezoidal profile dependent on the geometric dimensions of the element. The far-field diffraction patterns of a designed grating at incident broadband terahertz frequencies, with element dimensions of upper, lower side and period of 50, 250, and 300 μm, respectively, are simulated by the scalar diffraction theory. The simulation results indicate that the terahertz grating exhibits a property of single-order diffraction, and the diffraction efficiency of the first order reaches 6.6%, exceeding that of a traditional sinusoidal amplitude grating with identical period and duty cycle. Owing to the regular architecture and the high single-order diffraction efficiency, the grating is easy to fabricate and shows great potential applications in single-shot spectral measurements of weak broadband terahertz pulse.

Optimization Design of the Grinding Wheel Topography for High Efficiency Grinding

On the basis of the measurement of grains distribution on the grinding wheel surface, many experiential models of the grinding wheel topography were set up. But it is pity that few of them yield practical and valuable achievement as yet. The essential reason is that the common foundation of all these models was based on the actual measurement of specific wheel topography. So it didn’t have universal applicability. Considering that the absolute irregular distribution of grains is not the requirement of the grinding process, contrarily it will bring much negative influence to grinding process. By conversely reasoning, a new conception on the relatively regular and reasonable distribution of grains on the wheel surface in accordance with different machining demands is put forward in this paper, and furthermore a creative idea of optimization design of grinding wheel topography in accordance with machining demands and grinding parameters as well as the optimization of grinding parameters in accordance with machining demands and grinding wheel topography is proposed. In the light of this idea, not only the modeling and simulation of grinding process can be really carried out, but also the optimization of grinding process and the estimation of grinding results can be realized straightway. In conclusion, a superabrasive slotted grinding wheel is designed as a practical application of the optimization model and a creep feed deep grinding experiment is carried out to verify the optimization results.

Research and Development of New High-quality Short-season Cotton Varieties and the Industrial Application of High Efficiency Technologies in Shandong Province——Based on the Innovation of Building a Green and Efficient Farming System

Through the analysis of the impact of changes in the cotton planting industry on cotton production structure and benefit in Shandong under the national cotton production pattern in past ten years,based on the guarantee of food security and the overall ecological regional layout of Shandong s agricultural characteristic and advantageous industries,we proposed that through the development of high-quality short-season cotton and the industrial application of high-efficiency technologies,a green and high-efficiency farming system should be established to comprehensively reduce cotton planting costs,improve comparative benefits,and realize green and efficient optimization technologies that unify the stable production of cotton and high-quality cotton supply and the industrial path supported by the new industrial model.It is aimed to speed up the upgrading and transformation of the existing traditional cotton cropping system,reconstruct a ternary structure of grains,economic crops and fodder in the ecological suitable cotton areas and sub-suitable cotton areas in Shandong,and maintain a series of new green and ecological cotton rotation industrial models including the“double security”of the grain and cotton industries,the ecological“double superiority”of "cotton and fodder",and the high-efficiency"double increase"of cotton and garlic,providing a certain foundation for the research on technological integration innovation and industrial structure optimization of the green,efficient and high-quality development and transformation of the cotton industry in Shandong during the"14 th Five-Year Plan"period.

An Introduction to High Efficiency Video Coding Range Extensions

High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is the latest international video coding standard, which can provide the similar quality with about half bandwidth compared with its predecessor, H.264/MPEG?4 AVC. To meet the requirement of higher bit depth coding and more chroma sampling formats, range extensions of HEVC were developed. This paper introduces the coding tools in HEVC range extensions and provides experimental results to compare HEVC range extensions with previous video coding standards. Ex?perimental results show that HEVC range extensions improve coding efficiency much over H.264/MPEG?4 AVC High Predictive profile, especially for 4K sequences.

Architecture of Intra Prediction for High Efficiency Video Coding

This paper explains intra prediction method for High Efficiency Video Coding(HEVC).Intra prediction removes correlation of adjacent samples in spatial domain.Intra predictor requires reference images which are stored in external memory.Memory access is required frequently in process of intra prediction.The proposed architecture can reduce external memory access by optimized internal buffer.

High efficiency spreading spectrum modulation using double orthogonal complex sequences

This paper presents a novel scheme of high efficiency spreading spectrum modulation using double orthogonal complex sequences （DoCS）. In this scheme, input data bit-stream is split into many groups with length M. Each group is then mapped into a word of width M and then utihzed to select one sequence from 2u-2 DoCS sequences each with length L. After that, the selected sequence is modulated on carrier in quadrature phase shift keying （QPSK） mode. In addition, a new method named forward phase correction （FPC） is put forward for carrier recovery. Theoretical analysis and bit-error-ratio（BER） experiment results indicate that the proposed scheme has better performance than the conventional direct sequence spread spectrum（DSSS） scheme both in bandwidth efficiency and processing gain of the receiver.

Evaluation of Radon Indoor Pollution Risk in High Efficiency Energy Buildings

The target of achieving high energy efficiency standard in order to comply with the EU Directives is leading to remarkable efforts to improve the performance of the building envelope. Excellent thermal insulation and airtight sealing of leakages are of the utmost importance to fulfil the expected targets. Unfortunately, airtightness produces the negative effect of increasing the indoor concentration of air pollutants like radon. Despite the seriousness of the problem is generally misconceived, long-term exposition to radon is acknowledged to be the second cause of lung cancer after smoke. The paper outlines the implications for the building sector and focuses on design and preventive criteria as well as on mitigation and remedial techniques.

"Shanghai Hitachi" Creates High Efficiency

The Shanghai Hitachi Electrical Appliances Co. Ltd. is a joint venture company funded by the Shanghai Refrigerator Compressor Co. Ltd., the State Development and Investment Company and Japanese Hitachi Co. Ltd., with a total investment of US$130 million, registered capital of US$65 million. The Chinese side shares 75 percent and