Mechanism of Action of Rare Earths in High Effective Fe Powder Welding Rods

The optimum coating composition of alkali Fe powder welding rods was designed by orthogonal experiment with mix rates. A new kind of effective RE-Fe powder welding rod was prepared which could be used at the condition of direct and indirect current. The arc characteristics and stabilities of effective Fe powder welding rods containing RE were analyzed by HANNOVER analyzer. The efficiency of Fe powder welding rods was tested by weighting method. It was found that the stability of Fe powder welding rods was improved when it was added with rare earths. The results of impact experiment at low temperatures and SEM analysis on impact break showed that the grain was refined, the welding joint was cleaned, and the mechanical properties of joint was enhanced with proper RE content. It was provided with good processing property for this effective RE-Fe powder welding rod, and its efficiency could arrive at 180%.

Research Progress of High Entropy Ceramic Materials

High-entropy materials(HEMs)have better mechanical,thermal,and electrical properties than traditional materials due to their special"high entropy effect".They can also adjust the performance of high entropy ceramics by adjusting the proportion of raw materials,and have broad application prospects in many fields.This article provides a review of the high entropy effect,preparation methods,and main applications of high entropy ceramic materials,especially exploring relevant research on high entropy perovskite ceramics.It is expected to provide reference for the promotion of scientific research and the development of further large-scale applications of high-entropy ceramic materials.

Mixed State and High Effective Utilization of Pilbara Blending Iron Ore Powder

Pilbara blending iron ore powder （PB powder） is blending ores with good and poor quality iron ores, so how to use PB power effectively is a problem. The self-characteristics of PB powder and its single-components were studied respectively such as the macroscopic properties, microscopic properties, and high-temperature properties the behavior and effect in the sintering were mastered. Then based on the new ore-proportioning idea of iron ores sintering characteristics complementary, the principles on the effective use of PB powder were discussed, and was fur ther validated through the sintering pot test and industrial production. The results show that PB powder is composed of three kinds of iron ore, and the sintering characteristics of different iron ores are obviously discrepant. With the ore-proportioning optimization based on the iron ores sintering characteristics complementary, the proportion of PB iron ore powder can be increased to more than 45 %.

Structural stability and electrical properties of AlB_2-type MnB_2 under high pressure

The structural stability and electrical properties of AlB2-type MnB2 were studied based on high pressure angledispersive x-ray diffraction, in situ electrical resistivity measured in a diamond anvil cell(DAC) and first-principles calculations under high pressure. The x-ray diffraction results show that the structure of AlB2-type MnB2 remains stable up to 42.6 GPa. From the equation of state of MnB2, we obtained a bulk modulus value of 169.9±3.7 GPa with a fixed pressure derivative of 4, which indicates that AlB2-type MnB2 is a hard and incompressible material. The electrical resistance undergoes a transition at about 19.3 GPa, which can be explained by a transition of manganese 3d electrons from localization to delocalization under high pressure.

High temperature effects in moving shock reflection with protruding Mach stem

The influence of high temperature effects on the protrusion of Mach stem in strong shock reflection over a wedge was numerically investigated. A two-dimensional inviscid solver applies finite volume method and unstructured quadrilateral grids were employed to simulate the flow. Theoretical analysis was also conducted to understand the phenomenon. Both numerical and theoretical results indicate a wall-jet penetrating forward is responsible for the occurrence of Mach stem protrusion. The protrusion degree seems to depend on the thermal energy buffer capacity of the testing gas. Approaches to increase the energy buffer capacity, such as vibrational relaxation, molecular dissociation, and increase of frozen heat caoacitv, all tend to escalate the orotrusion effect.

Dynamic fracture toughness of high strength metals under impact loading:increase or decrease

An elusive phenomenon is observed in previous investigations on dynamic fracture that the dynamic fracture toughness （DFT） of high strength metals always increases with the loading rate on the order of TPa.m1/2.s-1. For the purpose of verification, variation of DFT with the loading rate for two high strength steels commonly used in the aviation industry, 30CrMnSiA and 40Cr, is studied in this work. Results of the experiments are compared, which were conducted on the modified split Hopkinson pressure bar （SHPB） apparatus, with striker velocities ranging from 9.2 to 24.1 m/s and a constant value of 16.3 m/s for 30CrMnSiA and 40Cr, respectively. It is observed that for 30CrMnSiA, the crack tip loading rate increases with the increase of the striker velocity, while the fracture initiation time and the DFT simultaneously decrease. However, in the tests of 40Cr, there is also an increasing tendency of DFT, similar to other reports. Through an in-depth investigation on the relationship between the dynamic stress intensity factor （DSIF） and the loading rate, it is concluded that the generally increasing tendency in previous studies could be false, which is induced from a limited striker velocity domain and the errors existing in the experimental and numerical processes. To disclose the real dependency of DFT on the loading rate, experimentsneed to be performed in a comparatively large striker velocity range.

Effect of Soy Isoflavone Crude Extract Supplementation on High Fat Diet-induced Insulin Resistance in Ovariectomized Rats

Female Wister rats aged 8 weeks were randomly divided into sham operation group, ovariectomized （OVX） control group, and 20VX groups fed with soy isoflavone crude extract supplementation. The rats had free access to high fat diet and water for 9 weeks. No significant difference was found in body weight （BW）, total abdominal fat, food intake and food utilization rate between OVX control group and 20VX groups. However, the fasting blood glucose and blood lipid levels were significantly higher in 20VX groups than in OVX control group （P〈0.05）. Intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test （IGTI＂） showed that the area under AUC was smaller in 20VX groups than in OVX control group （P〈0.05）. These findings showed that soy isoflavone crude extract supplementation can improve glucose tolerance and prevent high fat diet-induced insulin resistance in ovariectomized rats.

Martensite Aging Effect and Thermal Cyclic Characteristics in Ti-Pd and Ti-Pd-Ni High Temperature Shape Memory Alloys

The effect of thermal cycling and aging in martensitic state in Ti-Pd-Ni alloys were investigated by DSC and TEM observations. It is shown that the thermal cycling causes the decreases in M, and Af temperatures in Ti50Pd50-xNix (x=10, 20, 30) alloys, but no obvious thermal cycling effect was observed in Ti50Pd50Pd40Ni10 alloys and the aging effect shows a curious feature, i.e., the Af temperature does not saturate even after relatively long time aging, which is considered to be due to the occurrence of recovery recrystallization during aging.

Ion acoustic shock and periodic waves through Burgers equation in weakly and highly relativistic plasmas with nonextensivity

A comparative study is carried out for the nonlinear propagation of ion acoustic shock waves both for the weakly and highly relativistic plasmas consisting of relativistic ions and qdistributed electrons and positions.The Burgers equation is derived to reveal the physical phenomena using the well known reductive perturbation technique.The integration of the Burgers equation is performed by the（G￠/G）-expansion method.The effects of positron concentration,ion–electron temperature ratio,electron–positron temperature ratio,ion viscosity coefficient,relativistic streaming factor and the strength of the electron and positron nonextensivity on the nonlinear propagation of ion acoustic shock and periodic waves are presented graphically and the relevant physical explanations are provided.

Interferon beta(IFN-β) treatment exerts potential neuroprotective effects through neurotrophic factors and novel neurotensin/neurotensin high affinity receptor 1 pathway

Multiple sclerosis（MS）is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system（CNS）characterized by coexisting processes of inflammation,demyelination,axonal neurodegeneration,and gliosis.It is the most common disabling neurological disease in young adulthood.

Influence of Velocity Overshoot Effect on High Frequency Perform- ance of AlGaAs / GaAs HBT's

The semiclassical transport equations are used to study the high frequency performance of AlGaAs / GaAs HBTs. Electron velocity overshoot effect and its influence on the cut off frequency characteristics of AlGaAs / GaAs HBTs with different collector design parameters are analyzed and discussed.

The Effects of High Energy and Micronutrient Supplementation on Iron Status in Nutritionally at Risk Infants

The study assessed the effects of supplementary feeding over 180 consecutive days on iron status of infants and toddlers at six tea plantation in West Java, Indonesia. The design used was a clinical trial: two eohorts (i.e., 12 and 18 months old children) and three treatment groups (i.e., energy + micronutrient, micronutrient alone, and placebo) per cohort. Every day except Sunday, the infants attended day-care centers. Twenty four centers and 136 infants were selected. The infants were screened for weight and length and those meeting the criteria (i.e., <-1 SD of length-for-age, and between -1 and -2 SD of weight-for-length of the NCHS reference) were included. The experimental unit was the day-care centers (DCC), where each DCC was randomly assigned to one of the three treatment. As expected, groups of energy + micronutrient and micronutrient alone of the 12 months cohort experienced a significant upward shift in hemoglobin, ferritin and TS and a downward change in FEP, while the values for the group of placebo remain about the same as at base line. In the first 6 month of treatments, the ANOVA for each iron indicator yielded significant main effects of treatment (P<0.01) and for Hb with (P =0.059) on 12 months cohort. On the other hand, the main effects of treatment on hemoglobin, TS, ferritin and FEP were not significant for the 18 months cohort. In the second 6 month of treatments, the only significant of the treatment effect (P<0.01) was in serum ferritin on 18-month cohort. Under these circumstances, energy has a positive role in improving iron stores. It is likely that the equilibrium of hemoglobin and each iron indicators were reached in 6 months of treatment except ferritin still continued to increase up to 12 month. The effects of treatment on the improvement of iron status was stronger in 12 months than in 18 months

Abnormality of thermal structure and current in the upper western tropical Pacific Ocean and its effect on subtropical high

-Mainly on the basis of the data obtained during PRC/US bilateral TOGA cruises, abnormal variation occurred during the 1986/1987 El Nino is shown in this paper about the thermal structure and circulation of the upper western tropical Pacific Ocean. The effects of the abmormal variation on the subtropical high over the Northwest Pacific Ocean are discussed. During the El Nino: (1) In the east part of the western tropical Pacific Ocean (the subsurface temperature data on the 165° E section are taken as an example), the water wanner than 29 C in the upper layer spread on the longitudinal section and positive temperature anormalies appeared in a large area of the sea surface. (2) In the west part of the western tropical Pacific Ocean (the subsurface temperature data on the 137°E section are representative ), the cross section occupied by the upper layer warmer water ( T >28 ℃ ) became shrunk, and the sea surface temperature showed negative amomalies. (3) The eastward flows in the upper layer of the 165°E section strengthened. (4)The northward flow volume of warm water from the origin area of Kuroshio, i. e. , the tropical oceanic area south of 18?0' N and from the west of 130?E to the Philippine coast, decreased. When those kinds of abnomal variation occurred, air divergence on the low level (1 000 hPa) over the Northwest Pacific Ocean was intensified, favourable to the strengthening of subtropical high over the Northwest Pacific Ocean.

Brightness of Blue/Violet Luminescent Nano-Crystalline AZO and IZO Thin Films with Effect of Layer Number:For High Optical Performance

From different reports, it （AZO） and indium-doped including usage areas. We nanocrystalline films with is realized that there is a need to consider all sides of aluminum-doped zinc oxide zinc oxide （IZO） thin films with their optical, luminescence and surface properties establish an assessment to carry out further information to summarize AZO and IZO impact of the layer number.

THE CURATIVE EFFECT OF HIGH EFFICIENCY HEMODIALYSIS AND THE GRADIENT CHANGE OF PLASMA OSMOTIC PRESSURE(Report of 27 Cases)

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Effect of desensitization treatment for highly sensitized uremic patients before kidney transplantation

Objective To explore the feasibility and efficacy of desensitization protocol for highly sensitized renal transplant patients ( HSP ) . Methods Thirty - five HSPs ( HLA class - I panel reactive antibody 2〉50 % ) , including 27 patients with a positive T and/or B cell cy-

DOUBLE GLOW PLASMA SURFACE ALLOYING OF Ti6A14V AND TiAl

In order to improve the wear resistance of titanium alloy Ti6Al4V and high temperature oxidation resistance of intermetallic compound TiAl, the Double Glow Plasma Surface Alloying Technique (DG technique) was applied to modify the surface properties of these materials. Mo, Nb, Cr, Ni were diffused into the substrate materials to form alloyed layers with different properties. This paper shows the microstructure, microhardnesses, distributions of the alloy elements on the alloyed layers. Wear and high temperature oxidation tests were carried out. Test results indicate that the wear resistance of Ti6Al4V and the high temperature oxidation resistance of TiAl were improved significantly.

Effect of impregnation methods on sorbents made from lignite for desulfurization at middle temperature

With lignite after vacuum drying as the raw material,a series of Zn-based sorbents were prepared by static impregnation,ultrasonic-assisted impregnation,bubbling-assisted impregnation and high-pressure impregnation.The physical properties and the desulfurization performances of Zn-based sorbents were studied systematically by XRD,BET,AAS characterization techniques and the fixed-bed desulfurization evaluation apparatus.The sorbents obtained by high-pressure impregnation method have a larger specific surface area,pore volume and pore diameter comparing with other methods,which is conducive to the sulfidation reaction of hydrogen sulfide gas in the sorbent.The effects of pressure during the high-pressure impregnation and concentration of Zn(NO3)2 precursor solution on the sorbents properties and desulfurization behavior were investigated.The higher the impregnation pressure and the concentration of impregnation solution are,the greater the amount of the active components are uploaded.However,overhigh impregnation pressure can cause collapse and blocking of the carrier pore.The optimal operating condition of high-pressure impregnation method for preparing the sorbents was the impregnation pressure of 20 atm and the solution concentration of 41%.Under that condition,the sorbent had the best desulfurization ability with a sulfur capacity of 13.94 gS/100 gsorbent and a breakthrough time of 54 h.Its desulfurization precision and efficiency of removing H2S before sorbent breakthrough from the middle temperature gases of 400℃ can reach【5 ppm and】99%,respectively.Sorbents could be regenerated under the condition of 1 vol%O2,20 vol% H2O,0.5 vol% NH3,and N2balance gas.The regenerated sorbent could be used for repeated absorption of H2S with a slight decrease in desulfurization effect.