Development of track geometry inspection equipment for high-speed comprehensive inspection train in China

Purpose–This study aims to analyze the development direction of track geometry inspection equipment for high-speed comprehensive inspection train in China.Design/methodology/approach–The development of track geometry inspection equipment for highspeed comprehensive inspection train in China in the past 20 years can be divided into 3 stages.Track geometry inspection equipment 1.0 is the stage of analog signal.At the stage 1.0,the first priority is to meet the China’s railways basic needs of pre-operation joint debugging,safety assessment and daily dynamic inspection,maintenance and repair after operation.Track geometry inspection equipment 2.0 is the stage of digital signal.At the stage 2.0,it is important to improve stability and reliability of track geometry inspection equipment by upgrading the hardware sensors and improving software architecture.Track geometry inspection equipment 3.0 is the stage of lightweight.At the stage 3.0,miniaturization,low power consumption,self-running and green economy are co-developing on demand.Findings–The ability of track geometry inspection equipment for high-speed comprehensive inspection train will be expanded.The dynamic inspection of track stiffness changes will be studied under loaded and unloaded conditions in response to the track local settlement,track plate detachment and cushion plate failure.The dynamic measurement method of rail surface slope and vertical curve radius will be proposed,to reveal the changes in railway profile parameters of high-speed railways and the relationship between railway profile,track irregularity and subsidence of subgrade and bridges.The 200 m cut-off wavelength of track regularity will be researched to adapt to the operating speed of 400 km/h.Originality/value–The research can provide new connotations and requirements of track geometry inspection equipment for high-speed comprehensive inspection train in the new railway stage.

KL-SG High-Speed Rail-a catalyst for national economic development Sri Viknesh Permalu and Karthigesu Nagarajoo

Purpose-In an increasingly interconnected world,transportation infrastructure has emerged as a critical determinant of economic growth and global competitiveness.High-speed rail(HSR),characterized by its exceptional speed and efficiency,has garnered widespread attention as a transformative mode of transportation that transcends borders and fosters economic development.The Kuala Lumpur-Singapore(KL-SG)HSR project stands as a prominent exemplar of this paradigm,symbolizing the potential of HSR to serve as a catalyst for national economic advancement.Design/methodologylapproach-This paper is prepared to provide an insight into the benefits and advantages of HSR based on proven case studies and references from global HSRs,including China,Spain,France and Japan.Findings-The findings that have been obtained focus on enhanced connectivity and accessibility,attracting foreign direct investment,revitalizing regional economies,urban development and city regeneration,boosting tourism and cultural exchange,human capital development,regionai integration and environmental and sustainability benefits.Originality/value-The KL-SG HSR,linking Kuala Lumpur and Singapore,epitomizes the potential for HSR to be a transformative agent in the realm of economic development.This project encapsulates the aspirations of two dynamic Southeast Asian economies,united in their pursuit of sustainable growth,enhanced connectivity and global competitiveness.By scrutinizing the KLSG High-Speed Rail through the lens of economic benchmarking,a deeper understanding emerges of how such projects can drive progress in areas such as cross-border trade,tourism,urban development and technological innovation.

Key technologies and applications of intelligent dispatching command for high-speed railway in China

Purpose–The intelligent Central Traffic Control(CTC)system plays a vital role in establishing an intelligent high-speed railway(HSR)system.As the core of HSR transportation command,the intelligent CTC system is a new HSR dispatching command system that integrates the widely used CTC in China with the practical service requirements of intelligent dispatching.This paper aims to propose key technologies and applications for intelligent dispatching command in HSR in China.Design/methodology/approach–This paper first briefly introduces the functions and configuration of the intelligent CTC system.Some new servers,terminals and interfaces are introduced,which are plan adjustment server/terminal,interface for automatic train operation(ATO),interface for Dynamic Monitoring System of Train Control Equipment(DMS),interface for Power Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition(PSCADA),interface for Disaster Monitoring,etc.Findings–The key technologies applied in the intelligent CTC system include automatic adjustment of train operation plans,safety control of train routes and commands,traffic information data platform,integrated simulation of traffic dispatching and ATO function.These technologies have been applied in the Beijing-Zhangjiakou HSR,which commenced operations at the end of 2019.Implementing these key intelligent functions has improved the train dispatching command capacity,ensured the safe operation of intelligent HSR,reduced the labor intensity of dispatching operators and enhanced the intelligence level of China’s dispatching system.Originality/value–This paper provides further challenges and research directions for the intelligent dispatching command of HSR.To achieve the objectives,new measures need to be conducted,including the development of advanced technologies for intelligent dispatching command,coping with new requirements with the development of China’s railway signaling system,the integration of traffic dispatching and train control and the application of AI and data-driven modeling and methods.

Progress in high-speed train technology around the world

This is a review of high-speed train development in the sense of technology advances all over the world. Three generations of high-speed trains are classified according to their technical characteristics and maximum operating speed. Emphasis is given to the newly developed high-speed train in China, CRH380. The theoretical foundations and future development of CRH380 are briefly discussed.

The 8×10 GHz Receiver Optical Subassembly Based on Silica Hybrid Integration Technology for Data Center Interconnection

An 8×10 GHz receiver optical sub-assembly （ROSA） consisting of an 8-channel arrayed waveguide grating （AWG） and an 8-channel PIN photodetector （PD） array is designed and fabricated based on silica hybrid integration technology. Multimode output waveguides in the silica AWG with 2% refractive index difference are used to obtain fiat-top spectra. The output waveguide facet is polished to 45° bevel to change the light propagation direction into the mesa-type PIN PD, which simplifies the packaging process. The experimentM results show that the single channel I dB bandwidth of AWG ranges from 2.12nm to 3.06nm, the ROSA responsivity ranges from 0.097 A/W to 0.158A/W, and the 3dB bandwidth is up to 11 GHz. It is promising to be applied in the eight-lane WDM transmission system in data center interconnection.

Cooperative communication technology based on relay antenna in high-speed train scenario

The user signal quality as well as the performance of transmission link experiences severe loss due to wireless channel fading and propagation loss in high-speed railway scenario.To improve the quality at the receiving end,spatial diversity was realized by means of cooperative communication technology based on the uncorrelated characteristics of the channels.The model of mobile communication system in high-speed railway was set up,and a cooperative scheme based on statistics was proposed.Mathematical analysis and simulation results show that the quality of the received signal and the performance of the transmission link are significantly improved using cooperative communication technology compared to that in non-cooperative communication mode.

Research of Large Practical LAN Based on Interconnection Technology

In this paper we will introduce a large practical LAN using the technologies such as Netware bridge server, net structure segment, and TCP/IP etc. The net can provide a network develop circumstance with large communication bandwidth and strong function. The telecommunication interconnection among the over 350 heterogeneous machines and the heterogeneous operation svstem had benn realized.

A Single Mode Hybrid Ⅲ-Ⅴ/Silicon On-Chip Laser Based on Flip-Chip Bonding Technology for Optical Interconnection

A single mode hybrid Ⅲ-Ⅴ/silicon on-chip laser based on the flip-chip bonding technology for on-chip optical interconnection is demonstrated. A single mode Fabry-Perot laser structure with micro-structures on an InP ridge waveguide is designed and fabricated on an InP/AIGaInAs multiple quantum well epitaxial layer structure wafer by using i-line lithography. Then, a silicon waveguide platform including a laser mounting stage is designed and fabricated on a silicon-on-insulator substrate. The single mode laser is flip-chip bonded on the laser mounting stage. The lasing light is butt-coupling to the silicon waveguide. The laser power output from a silicon waveguide is 1.3roW, and the threshold is 37mA at room temperature and continuous wave operation.

New technologies for high-risk tunnel construction in GuiyangGuangzhou high-speed railway

Based on the construction of high risk tunnels in Guiguang-Guangzhou high-speed railway, several new technologies were developed for high-risk tunnel con- struction. First, an integrated advanced geological predic- tion was developed for tunneling in karst area. Then, a new system of ventilation by involving the dedusting technol- ogy was proposed and used in the field, which received a good air quality. Finally, a method to minimize the dis- tance between the working face and the invert installation was proposed by optimizing the invert installation and adopting the micro bench method. Applying the method to the project obtained an excellent result. The achievement obtained for this study would be able to provide a valuable reference to similar projects in the future.

Study on 5G Application Scenarios in Intelligent High-Speed Railway

5G technology is indispensable for developing comprehensive perception and ubiquitous interconnection of intelligent high-speed railways(HSRs),and can be applied to many scenarios in intelligent construction,intelligent equipment,intelligent operation and in other fields.In order to promote the standardized application of 5G technology in intelligent HSRs in a scientific and orderly manner and to avoid redundant construction and wasteful investment,it is imperative to carry out a systematical top-level design of the application scenarios at the initial stage.To this end,after investigating and analyzing the 5G application demands in different aspects of HSRs and the general structure of the railway 5G network,this paper formulates an overall planning of 5G technology application scenarios and proposes solutions to some typical application scenarios in the intelligent HSR system,based on the architecture and requirements of the intelligent HSR system.

Application research on large-scale battery energy storage system under Global Energy Interconnection framework

In the context of constructing Global Energy Interconnection(GEI), energy storage technology, as one of the important basic supporting technologies in power system, will play an important role in the energy configuration and optimization. Based on the most promising battery energy storage technology, this paper introduces the current status of the grid technology, the application of large-scale energy storage technology and the supporting role of battery energy storage for GEI. Based on several key technologies of large-scale battery energy storage system, preliminary analysis of the standard system construction of energy storage system is made, and the future prospect is put forward.

基于两堵两注通管直连技术的瓦斯抽采研究

为解决“两堵一注”封孔工艺及传统连管方式在孟津煤矿实施存在的弊端,提出了“两堵两注”通管直连技术,提高了瓦斯抽采浓度,延长了瓦斯抽采时间。为此,采用巷道松动圈理论分析了该矿合适的封孔长度;采用离散元数值模拟方法建立巷道模型,分析了巷道周围应力分布,确定了钻孔的最佳封孔深度;开展了“两堵两注”封孔地面实验和通管直连技术现场实验。结果表明:孟津煤矿二1煤层工作面顺层瓦斯抽采钻孔封孔长度至少为6.75 m;该矿12070工作面穿层钻孔最佳封孔深度为15~30 m;“两堵两注”技术能有效对抽采钻孔进行封堵;通管直连技术在现场应用中大幅度提高了瓦斯抽采浓度,延长了瓦斯抽采时间。

面向Chiplet集成的三维互连硅桥技术

摩尔定律的发展速度放缓和集成电路产品应用的多元化趋势,共同推动了先进封装技术的快速发展。先进互连技术是先进封装的核心,在高速、高频传输、功耗、超细节距互连以及系统集成能力等方面均展现出显著优势。硅桥技术作为Chiplet以及异构集成封装的重要解决方案,可以以较低的成本实现多芯片间的局部高密度互连,在处理器、存储器、射频器件中被广泛应用。介绍了业界主流的硅桥技术,并对硅桥技术的结构特点和关键技术进行了分析和总结。深入讨论了硅桥技术的发展趋势及挑战,为相关领域的进一步发展提供参考。

多GPU系统的高速互联技术与拓扑发展现状研究

多GPU系统通过横向扩展实现性能提升,以满足人工智能日趋复杂的算法和持续激增的数据所带来的不断增长的计算需求。对于多GPU系统而言,处理器间的互联带宽以及系统的拓扑是决定系统性能的关键因素。在传统的基于PCIe的多GPU系统中,PCIe带宽是限制系统性能的瓶颈。当前,面向GPU的高速互联技术成为解决多GPU系统带宽限制问题的有效方法。本文首先介绍了传统多GPU系统所采用的PCIe互联技术及其典型拓扑,然后以Nvidia NVLink、AMD Infinity Fabric Link、Intel X^(e) Link、壁仞科技BLink为例,对国内外代表性GPU厂商的面向GPU的高速互联技术及其拓扑进行了梳理分析,最后讨论了关于互联技术的研究启示。

工业互联技术在校园供水系统中的应用探讨——以南京中医药大学二次供水泵站智慧化改造项目为例

高校作为社会用水大户,由于用水类型复杂、部分学校供水设施落后老化、水系统智慧化管理手段缺失或应用效果不达标等因素,导致校园供水系统存在运行安全性不高、水质水压无保证、管道漏损率偏高、管理效率低下等问题。南京中医药大学运用以工业互联技术为核心的一系列先进技术,改造建成智慧供水标准化泵站。通过智联供水设备改造,环境保障改造,蓄水池水质保障改造,压力调节系统改造等,并通过平台化管理提高运维管理效率,实现了良好的改造效益。

语义技术驱动的古籍资源互联互通框架设计与实现

数字化技术是古籍修复整理、回归再造和活化利用中的核心要素,加强古籍数字化资源汇聚共享和互联互通是新时代古籍工作的题中之义。文章从多层次梳理数字人文研究中的语义技术,进而提出语义技术驱动下的古籍资源互联互通实现框架;框架兼顾古籍元数据和图像两类主要模态资源,依据转换、发布、关联流程,融合转换平台、关联数据(LD)发布平台、关联平台、多维度图像智慧平台(MISS)和展示平台;以高校图书馆和公共图书馆中的碑帖资源为例,验证文章所提框架的合理性和可行性。

基于小生境协同互联的黑启动网架重构策略研究

随着电网规模的扩大,大停电引发的后果愈发严重,黑启动是重启瘫痪电网的有效措施,网架重构是黑启动过程的重要环节。为提高大停电后电力系统的黑启动效率,充分利用分布式黑启动电源在网架恢复过程中的优势,提出了基于小生境协同互联的黑启动网架重构策略。借助图论中的Kruskal算法,以节点和支路权重为导向对待恢复网架进行图抽象,并以网架恢复时间最短为主要目标,构建黑启动网架重构优化模型。在排挤和预选择的双机制作用下,采用改进小生境遗传算法对该模型进行求解,在此基础上融入串并行配合的恢复策略实现小生境协同互联。由上述求解过程,达到对网架重构过程的优化调节。通过与改进前方法的对比,用恢复时间、电压偏移量和有功损耗的指标对IEEE 39仿真结果进行评价,结果表明所提方法能有效提高网架重构速度,保证协同互联的稳定。同时,借助江苏省某市局部电网数据,证实了所建模型的有效性和可行性。

基于PCIE的多嵌入式人工智能处理器低延迟数据交换技术

针对多嵌入式人工智能(Artificial Intelligence,AI)处理器板卡之间的任务调度和数据交换冲突以及提高多板卡堆叠扩展时的可靠性和运行效率问题,文中提出了一种虫洞交换结构多嵌入式人工智能处理器高速数据交换技术和数据帧结构的解决方法。该方法基于PCIE(PCI Express)高速数据接口,将数据以数据单元的形式进行信息传递,并设计多重权重决策算法避免数据传输中的冲突,实现任务的并发多线程处理。搭建FPGA(Field Programmable Gate Array)平台进行设计和测试,结果表明PCIE的传输带宽利用效率达到了85%以上,数据交换延迟小于20μs,系统中断任务响应平均最大延迟时间为8.775μs。该技术适用于多处理器协同的高速交换电路,可扩展至混合PCIE和RapidIO交换电路结构。

异构集成互连接口研究综述

随着集成电路向后摩尔时代发展,异构集成技术成为微电子的新兴方向,异构集成互连接口作为异构集成技术的关键,对异构集成芯片和系统至关重要。为进一步推进异构集成互连接口的实现,分析了现有异构集成芯片和系统的结构,将异构集成技术总结为小芯粒拼接大芯片、大芯片拼接大芯片、晶圆级芯片及晶圆级系统4个技术路线,并对不同技术路线下异构集成互连接口特性进行了总结和对比,阐述了当前产业界和学术界围绕异构集成互连接口的研究现状及存在的问题,最后给出了异构集成互连接口的未来发展趋势和需具备的技术特征。

硅通孔3D互连热-力可靠性的研究与展望

硅通孔(TSV)技术是3D集成封装中用于实现高密度、高性能互连的关键技术,TSV的热-力可靠性对3D集成封装的性能和寿命有直接影响。从TSV的制造工艺、结构布局、材料可靠性以及评估方法等多个方面对TSV 3D互连的热-力可靠性进行研究,对其研究方法和研究现状进行总结和阐述。此外,针对TSV尺寸减小至纳米级的发展趋势,探讨了纳米级TSV在应用于先进芯片背部供电及更高密度的芯片集成时所面临的可靠性挑战。