Dietary L-proline supplementation ameliorates autism-like behaviors and modulates gut microbiota in the valproic acid-induced mouse model of autism spectrum disorder

The effective intervention strategy for autism spectrum disorder(ASD)are currently limited.Herein,we attempted to evaluate the potential of L-proline(Pro),a multifunctional amino acid,in ameliorating autismlike behaviors and clarify the molecular mechanisms involved by using the typical valproic acid(VPA)-induced mouse model of ASD.Pro significantly attenuates repetitive behaviors and social dysfunction in ASD mice.The correlation analysis revealed that the beneficial effects of Pro on autism-like behaviors are related to the modulation of gut microbiota structure and composition.The histological analysis revealed that Pro could reverse the decrease of Nissl-positive cells in the prefrontal cortex(PFC)induced by VPA exposure.RNA sequencing demonstrated that Pro can also alter the PFC transcriptomic profile distinguished by the regulation of genes involved in Parkinson disease,neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,oxidative phosphorylation,and mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway.Overall,dietary Pro supplementation may be a promising intervention strategy for ASD.

DCGAN Based Spectrum Sensing Data Enhancement for Behavior Recognition in Self-Organized Communication Network

Communication behavior recognition is an issue with increasingly importance in the antiterrorism and national defense area.However,the sensing data obtained in actual environment is often not sufficient to accurately analyze the communication behavior.Traditional means can hardly utilize the scarce and crude spectrum sensing data captured in a real scene.Thus,communication behavior recognition using raw sensing data under smallsample condition has become a new challenge.In this paper,a data enhanced communication behavior recognition(DECBR)scheme is proposed to meet this challenge.Firstly,a preprocessing method is designed to make the raw spectrum data suitable for the proposed scheme.Then,an adaptive convolutional neural network structure is exploited to carry out communication behavior recognition.Moreover,DCGAN is applied to support data enhancement,which realize communication behavior recognition under small-sample condition.Finally,the scheme is verified by experiments under different data size.The results show that the DECBR scheme can greatly improve the accuracy and efficiency of behavior recognition under smallsample condition.

Neurodevelopmental Timing of Ethanol Exposure May Contribute to Observed Heterogeneity of Behavioral Deficits in a Mouse Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD)

Maternal drinking during pregnancy can result in a wide spectrum of cognitive and behavioral abnormalities termed fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD). The heterogeneity observed in FASD-related phenotypes can be attributed to a number of environmental and genetic factors;however, ethanol dose and timing of exposure may have significant influences. Here, we report the behavioral effects of acute, binge-like ethanol exposure at three neurodevelopmental times corresponding to the first, second, and third trimester of human development in C57BL/6J mice. Results show that developmental ethanol exposure consistently delays the development of basic motor skill reflexes and coordination as well as impairs spatial learning and memory. Observed changes in activity and anxiety-related behaviors, however, appear to be dependent on timing of alcohol exposure. The variability in behaviors between different treatment models suggests that these may be useful in evaluating the mechanisms disrupted by ethanol at specific neurodevelopmental times. The results provide further evidence that, regardless of developmental stage, the developing brain is acutely sensitive to alcohol exposure.

Fourier Power Spectrum Analysis of Exons for the Period-3 Behavior

The period-3 behaviors of 105 exons from 20 genes in human were studied by Fourier power spectrum. The results indicated that not all exons show the period-3 behavior. The exons were adjusted in order to make them accord with the order of the protein translated, and we found that the period-3 character is relation to the length of exons and the bases distribution in the three codon position. Furthermore, as long as the exons with period-3 behavior accord with the order of protein translated, they would exhibit the synonymous codons usage preference, and the codons with g/c at the third position are used in higher frequency. The results are significant to the gene prediction and the research on the introns.

Efficacy of Children Neuropsychological and Behavioral Scale in Screening for Autism Spectrum Disorders through a Combination of Developmental Surveillance

Objective This study aimed to explore the clinical value of Children Neuropsychological and Behavioral Scale-Revision 2016(CNBS-R2016)for Autism Spectrum Disorder(ASD)screening in the presence of developmental surveillance.Methods All participants were evaluated by the CNBS-R2016 and Gesell Developmental Schedules(GDS).Spearman’s correlation coefficients and Kappa values were obtained.Taking GDS as a reference assessment,the performance of the CNBS-R2016 for detecting the developmental delays of children with ASD was analyzed with receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curves.The efficacy of the CNBS-R2016 to screen for ASD was explored by comparing Communication Warning Behavior with Autism Diagnostic Observation Schedule,Second Edition(ADOS-2).Results In total,150 children aged 12–42 months with ASD were enrolled.The developmental quotients of the CNBS-R2016 were correlated with those of the GDS(r=0.62–0.94).The CNBS-R2016 and GDS had good diagnostic agreement for developmental delays(Kappa=0.73–0.89),except for Fine Motor.There was a significant difference between the proportions of Fine Motor,delays detected by the CNBS-R2016 and GDS(86.0%vs.77.3%).With GDS as a standard,the areas under the ROC curves of the CNBS-R2016 were above 0.95 for all the domains except Fine Motor,which was 0.70.In addition,the positive rate of ASD was 100.0%and 93.5%when the cut-off points of 7 and 12 in the Communication Warning Behavior subscale were used,respectively.Conclusion The CNBS-R2016 performed well in developmental assessment and screening for children with ASD,especially by Communication Warning Behaviors subscale.Therefore,the CNBS-R2016 is worthy of clinical application in children with ASD in China.

Nutritional management and autism spectrum disorder:A systematic review

BACKGROUND Autism spectrum disorder(ASD)presents unique challenges related to feeding and nutritional management.Children with ASD often experience feeding difficulties,including food selectivity,refusal,and gastrointestinal issues.Various interventions have been explored to address these challenges,including dietary modifications,vitamin supplementation,feeding therapy,and behavioral interventions.AIM To provide a comprehensive overview of the current evidence on nutritional management in ASD.We examine the effectiveness of dietary interventions,vitamin supplements,feeding therapy,behavioral interventions,and mealtime practices in addressing the feeding challenges and nutritional needs of children with ASD.METHODS We systematically searched relevant literature up to June 2024,using databases such as PubMed,PsycINFO,and Scopus.Studies were included if they investigated dietary interventions,nutritional supplements,or behavioral strategies to improve feeding behaviors in children with ASD.We assessed the quality of the studies and synthesized findings on the impact of various interventions on feeding difficulties and nutritional outcomes.Data extraction focused on intervention types,study designs,participant characteristics,outcomes measured,and intervention effectiveness.RESULTS The review identified 316 studies that met the inclusion criteria.The evidence indicates that while dietary interventions and nutritional supplements may offer benefits in managing specific symptoms or deficiencies,the effectiveness of these approaches varies.Feeding therapy and behavioral interventions,including gradual exposure and positive reinforcement,promise to improve food acceptance and mealtime behaviors.The findings also highlight the importance of creating supportive mealtime environments tailored to the sensory and behavioral needs of children with ASD.CONCLUSION Nutritional management for children with ASD requires a multifaceted approach that includes dietary modifications,supplementation,feeding therapy,and behavioral strategies.The review underscores the need for personalized interventions and further research to refine treatment protocols and improve outcomes.Collaborative efforts among healthcare providers,educators,and families are essential to optimize this population's nutritional health and feeding practices.Enhancing our understanding of intervention sustainability and long-term outcomes is essential for optimizing care and improving the quality of life for children with ASD and their families.

Alteration of chemical behavior of L-ascorbic acid in combination with nickel sulfate at different pH solutions in vitro

Objective:To evaluate the alteration of chemical behavior of L-ascorbic acid(vitamin C) with metal ion(nickel) at different pH solutions in vitro.Methods:Spectra of pure aqueous solution of L-ascorbic acid(E mark) compound and NiSO_4(H_2O)(sigma USA) were evaluated by UV visible spectrophotometer.Spectral analysis of L-ascorbic acid and nickel at various pH(2.0, 7.0,7.4 and 8.6) at room temperature of 29℃ was recorded.In this special analysis,combined solution of L-ascorbic acid and nickel sulfate at different pH was also recorded.Results:The result revealed that λ_(max)(peak wavelength of spectra) of L-ascorbic acid at pH 2.0 was 289.0 run whereas at neutral pH 7.0,λ_(max) was 29S.4 run.In alkaline pH 8.6,λ_(max) was 295.4 nm and at pH 7.4 the λ_(max) of L-ascorbic acid remained the same as 295.4 nm.Nickel solution at acidic pH 2.0 was 394.5 nm,whereas at neutral pH 7.0 and pH 7.4 were the same as 394.5 nm.But at alkaline pH 8.6,λ_(max) value of nickel sulfate became 392.0 nm.The combined solution of L-ascorbic acid and nickel sulfate(6 mg/mL each) at pH 2.0 showed 292.5 nm and 392.5 nm,respectively whereas at pH 7.0,L-ascorbic acid showed 296.5 nm and nickel sulfate showed 391.5 nm.At pH 7.4,L-ascorbic acid showed 297.0 nm and nickel sulfate showed 394.0 nm in the combined solution whereas at pH 8.6(alkaline) L-ascorbic acid and nickel sulfate were showing 297.0 and 393.5 nm,respectively. Conclusions:Results clearly indicate an altered chemical behavior of L-ascorbic acid either alone or in combination with nickel sulfate in vitro at different pH.Perhaps oxidation of L-ascorbic acid to L-dehydro ascorbic acid via the free radical(HSc*) generation from the reaction of H,ASc + Ni(Ⅱ) is the cause of such alteration of λ_(max),value of L-ascorbic acid in the presence of metal nickel.

Recent advancements in noninvasive brain modulation for individuals with autism spectrum disorder

Autism spectrum disorder is classified as a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders with an unknown definitive etiology.Individuals with autism spectrum disorder show deficits in a variety of areas including cognition,memory,attention,emotion recognition,and social skills.With no definitive treatment or cure,the main interventions for individuals with autism spectrum disorder are based on behavioral modulations.Recently,noninvasive brain modulation techniques including repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,intermittent theta burst stimulation,continuous theta burst stimulation,and transcranial direct current stimulation have been studied for their therapeutic properties of modifying neuroplasticity,particularly in individuals with autism spectrum disorder.Preliminary evidence from small cohort studies,pilot studies,and clinical trials suggests that the various noninvasive brain stimulation techniques have therapeutic benefits for treating both behavioral and cognitive manifestations of autism spectrum disorder.However,little data is available for quantifying the clinical significance of these findings as well as the long-term outcomes of individuals with autism spectrum disorder who underwent transcranial stimulation.The objective of this review is to highlight the most recent advancements in the application of noninvasive brain modulation technology in individuals with autism spectrum disorder.

GREEN'S FUNCTION AND THE POINTWISE BEHAVIORS OF THE VLASOV-POISSON-FOKKER-PLANCK SYSTEM

The pointwise space-time behaviors of the Green’s function and the global solution to the Vlasov-Poisson-Fokker-Planck(VPFP)system in three dimensional space are studied in this paper.It is shown that the Green’s function consists of the diffusion waves decaying exponentially in time but algebraically in space,and the singular kinetic waves which become smooth for all(t,x,v)when t>0.Furthermore,we establish the pointwise space-time behaviors of the global solution to the nonlinear VPFP system when the initial data is not necessarily smooth in terms of the Green’s function.

EFFECT OF IRRADIATION ON DIELECTRIC BEHAVIOR OF POLYETHERKETONE WITH CARDO GROUP

It is found in this paper that the dielectric behavior of polyetherketone with cardo group (PEK- C) irradiated at a dose of 2.02 MGy has an obvious change. For the irradiated PEK-C, both the temperature spectrum of dielectric loss factor (ε " ) within a range of 20-200 ℃ and the frequency spectrum of dielectric coefficient (ε’) in a range of 30 Hz-1 MHz show that ε" and ε’ increase from 5.4×10-3 to 4.6×10-1 andfrom 3 to 5, respectively.

The Effects of Fe2+ on the Aggregation Behavior of Residual Hydrophobic Modified Polyacryamide

The influences of Fe2+ on the aggregation behavior of residual hydrophobic modified polyacryamide (HMPAM) in treated oily wastewater were studied by fluorescence spectrum and DLS. The result of I1/I3 showed that the polarity of hydrophobic domain increased and the size of hydrophobic domain may be decreased with the increasing of Fe2+ in produced water. Fe2+ was helpful for the increase of hydrophobic domain, therefore due to the aggregation degree for HMPAM.

Psychiatric hospitalization during the two SARS-CoV-2 pandemic waves:New warnings for acute psychotic episodes and suicidal behaviors

BACKGROUND The subsequent waves of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)pandemic have represented a dramatic health emergency characterized by significant consequences on mental health.Diachronic variations in the incidence rates of acute relapse of psychiatric disorders may represent significant"sentinel events"for assessing the mental health response to an unprecedented stressful event.AIM To investigate the variation in psychiatric hospitalization rates and differences in sociodemographic and clinical-psychopathological peculiarities at Bologna"Maggiore"General Hospital Psychiatric Ward(GHPW)between the first two waves SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and the same periods of the previous 3 years.The secondary purpose of the study was to suggest a diachronic response pathway to stress by reporting additional literature data on coping strategies.METHODS This observational and retrospective study collected information on admission to the GHPW at the"Maggiore"Hospital in Bologna in the index periods defined as follows:the first period between February 24,2020 and April 30,2020(first epidemic wave)and the second period between October 8,2020,and January 7,2021(second pandemic wave).Absolute numbers and proportion of admitted patients,their sociodemographic and clinical-psychopathological characteristics were compared with the same parameters recorded in the two same periods of the previous 3 years.No strict inclusion or exclusion criteria were provided in the data collection to collect information on all patients requiring acute psychiatric hospitalization.RESULTS During the first wave,there was a significant reduction in hospitalization rates,although there was a simultaneous increase in compulsory hospitalizations and the acute relapse of schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders.During the second wave,hospitalization rates reached those recorded during the same period of the previous 3 years,mainly due to the rise of bipolar and related disorders,depressive disorders,anxiety disorders,trauma-and stressor-related disorders and suicidal behaviors.CONCLUSION The coping strategies adopted during the first wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic protected the vulnerable population from the general risk of clinical-psychopathological acute relapse,even if they increased the susceptibility to run into schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorder relapses.In the medium-long term(as in the second pandemic wave),the same strategies do not play protective roles against the stress associated with the pandemic and social restriction measures.Indeed,during the second wave of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic,an increase in total hospitalization rate,suicidal behaviors and the incidence rate of bipolar and related disorders,depressive disorders,anxiety disorders,trauma-and stressorrelated disorders was observed.

不同LED光谱和辐照度耦合对刺参行为与生理指标的影响

为深入研究不同辐照度和光谱对刺参行为和生理的潜在影响,设置了黑暗对照组、红光试验组(1.0 W/m^(2)、2.5 W/m^(2)和4.0 W/m^(2))和白光试验组(1.0 W/m^(2)、2.5 W/m^(2)和4.0 W/m^(2)),利用自制装置,进行了觅食、翻身、运动行为试验,提取了刺参褪黑激素和皮质醇激素,试验周期37 d。结果显示:红光条件下刺参在觅食成功率、觅食速度以及对外界刺激的响应能力上的表现均优于白光组和黑暗组。在红光2.5 W/m^(2)的光照条件下,刺参的综合表现最优。与白光组和黑暗组相比,红光组刺参运动速度更快、等时运动路程更长。红光组刺参的皮质醇含量高于白光组和黑暗组,而褪黑激素含量则未表现出显著差异(P>0.05)。在稚参培育阶段建议采用红光光谱,并将辐照度设定为2.5 W/m^(2),养殖环境应避免使用辐照度过高的光照。本研究不仅为了解刺参活动习性及生长所需的最适光环境条件提供了科学依据,同时也为刺参增养殖业的可持续发展提供了参考。

孤独症谱系障碍RUBI-PT方案的改编及适应性调查

目的·探究“行为干预研究单位孤独症网络家长培训”[the Research Units in Behavioral Intervention(RUBI)Autism Network Parent Training,RUBI-PT]方案的中国本土化改编并对其适应性进行调查。方法·按照文化改编的4个步骤对RUBI-PT方案进行改编,包括信息收集、初步改编设计、初步改编测试、进一步调整。信息收集阶段邀请了6位儿科专家和2位心理治疗师进行6次焦点小组访谈,并根据专家意见从语言、治疗形式、治疗设置等方面对RUBI-PT方案进行初步改编;初步改编测试阶段招募了16位孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)患儿的家长,分2批参加线上RUBI-PT,结束后收集项目反馈问卷并行适应性调查分析,最后根据测试结果进行方案的进一步调整。结果·RUBI-PT的初步改编方案由个体培训调整为团体培训,包含8次核心技能课程,采用线上会议形式实施。初步测试结果显示,家长对于上课进度、上课过程、课后作业完成情况、作业点评情况的满意度分别为90%、80%、100%和100%;课程难度方面,第7次课(功能性沟通训练)和第8次课(教授技能)的难度最大。依据上述调查结果和专家小组意见完成进一步调整,最终形成本土化RUBI-PT的改编方案。结论·经过改编和适应性调查,形成了适用于中国ASD儿童家庭的家长行为训练策略即RUBI-PT。

行为分析疗法干预联合家庭护理培训对孤独症谱系障碍患儿的影响

目的探讨行为分析疗法干预联合家庭的护理培训对孤独症谱系障碍患儿的影响。方法选取2022年1月—2023年12月苏州大学附属儿童医院收治的88例孤独症谱系障碍患儿作为观察对象,按组间基本资料可匹配的原则分为对照组和观察组,每组44例。对照组实施常规护理,观察组实施行为分析疗法干预联合家庭护理培训,比较两组患儿孤独症行为量表(ABC)评分、孤独症治疗评估量表(ATEC)评分、患儿家长满意度等临床相关数据。结果干预前,两组患儿孤独症行为量表(ABC)的社交、感知/认知、表达/语言沟通、行为及总分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组ABC的社交、感知/认知、表达/语言沟通、行为及总分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预前,两组患儿ATEC的社交、感知/认知、表达/语言沟通、行为及总分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组ATEC的社交、感知/认知、表达/语言沟通、行为及总分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组患儿家长满意度比较,观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论行为分析疗法结合家庭护理培训对孤独症谱系障碍患儿的干预效果明显,不仅在患儿行为和功能方面取得积极成效,而且得到了家长们的高度认可。

rTMS技术治疗对儿童孤独症谱系障碍合并睡眠障碍患者异常行为及睡眠状况的影响分析

目的 研讨重复经颅磁刺激(Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, rTMS)技术治疗对孤独症谱系障碍(Autism Spectrum Disorder, ASDs)合并睡眠障碍患儿异常行为及睡眠状况的影响。方法 单纯随机选取2021年3月—2023年8月泉州市儿童医院收治的60例ASDs合并睡眠障碍的患儿为研究对象,结合随机数字表法分为两组,各30例。对照组接受常规康复治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上予以rTMS技术治疗,比较两组患儿不同治疗阶段的异常行为以及睡眠状况。结果 治疗后,观察组孤独症异常行为量表各项目得分、儿童睡眠习惯问卷(Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire, CSHQ)各项目得分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05);观察组CSHQ总分为(43.02±4.19)分,低于对照组的(45.72±4.85)分,差异有统计学意义(t=2.307,P=0.024)。结论 rTMS技术用于ASDs合并睡眠障碍患儿的治疗,可辅助减轻患儿异常行为,改善其睡眠状况。

屏幕暴露与学龄前孤独症谱系障碍儿童情绪行为问题相关性研究

背景既往已有多项研究证实屏幕暴露现象在学龄前儿童中普遍存在,并且与儿童情绪行为问题相关,现有研究多集中在正常学龄前儿童,有关屏幕暴露与学龄前孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)儿童情绪行为问题相关的研究较为罕见。目的 调查学龄前ASD儿童屏幕暴露情况及情绪行为问题异常检出情况,探究屏幕暴露与学龄前ASD儿童情绪行为问题有无相关。方法 选择2022年2—8月在郑州大学第三附属医院儿童发育行为科就诊的符合《精神障碍诊断和统计手册》(DSM-V)孤独症诊断标准的ASD学龄前儿童为ASD组,同期选取郑州市某幼儿园正常发育儿童为对照组。由两组儿童主要照护人进行填写屏幕暴露问卷及长处与困难问卷(家长版)。结果 两组儿童屏幕接触时间、家长对屏幕管理、“屏幕剥夺”反应比较,差异无统计学意义(P<0.001);ASD组儿童亲社会行为、困难总分及各个分维度(情绪症状、品行问题、多动/注意缺陷问题、同伴交往问题)异常检出率均高于对照组(P<0.001);Logistic回归分析发现电子设备放置在睡觉或玩耍空间、观看时照护人是否互动讲解、照护人对孩子观看电子屏幕态度、接触电子屏幕是主动要求还是被动参与、强制关掉电子屏幕孩子反应是学龄前ASD儿童情绪行为问题的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论 屏幕暴露可能对ASD儿童情绪行为问题产生影响,家长应合理管理学龄前ASD儿童屏幕使用。

行为诱导法的个性化心理干预对孤独症谱系障碍患儿社交能力的影响

目的:探讨基于行为诱导法的个性化心理干预对孤独症谱系障碍(ASD)患儿社交能力的影响。方法:按照入院先后将某院2020年8月-2022年8月收治的82例ASD患儿分为对照组(n=41,常规干预)和观察组(n=41,基于行为诱导法的个性化心理干预+常规干预);对比两组患儿干预前后自闭程度[儿童孤独症评定量表(CARS)]、刻板行为[重复刻板行为检查量表(RBS-R)]、功能发展情况[相关发育障碍儿童心理教育量表-3(C-PEP-3)]、心理状态[儿童焦虑障碍自评量表(SCARED)、儿童抑郁障碍自评量表(DSRSC)]、智力水平[韦氏儿童智力量表]和社交能力[自闭症治疗评估量表(ATEC)]。结果:干预后,两组CARS、RBS-R量表评分均降低(P<0.05),且观察组低于对照组(t=-6.948,-5.605;P<0.05);干预后,两组C-PEP-3量表中粗动作、精细动作、认知、模仿、手眼协调、感知觉、口语表达各维度得分及总分均高于干预前(P<0.05),且观察组均高于对照组(t=5.722,9.663,10.340,9.904,9.073,8.070,22.067;P<0.05);干预后,两组SCARED、DSRSC评分均降低(P<0.05),且观察组均低于对照组(t=-11.239,-13.830;P<0.05);干预后,两组全量表IQ(FIQ)、言语量表IQ(VIQ)、操作量表IQ(PIQ)、注意/不分心因子(C因子)得分均升高(P<0.05),且观察组均高于对照组(t=2.437,2.024,2.813,2.015;P<0.05);干预后,两组ATEC量表中语言、社交、感知、行为各维度得分及总分均低于干预前(P<0.05),且观察组均低于对照组(t=-8.485,-7.688,-6.896,-8.342;P<0.05)。结论:给予ASD患儿基于行为诱导法的个性化心理干预效果显著,可改善自闭程度和刻板行为,促进功能发展,还可改善患儿心理状态,提升智力水平,提高患儿社交能力。

催产素与孤独症谱系障碍的发病关系及推拿干预效应的理论探索

孤独症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD),是以刻板重复行为、社交障碍、兴趣局限等为主要临床表现的神经发育障碍性疾病。推拿作为儿科常用的治疗手段之一,可显著改善ASD患儿的异常行为,改善其社会能力。在基础研究方面,催产素(oxytocin,OXT)含量下降是ASD发病的重要假说之一,而推拿的疗效可能与机械刺激激活C类触觉传入纤维从而上调OXT含量有关。从OXT角度讨论ASD发病的神经生物学机制,阐明OXT与ASD发病的潜在联系,即OXT异常导致ASD患者边缘奖赏系统功能受损进而诱发社交障碍,并论述推拿可能通过调节OXT含量产生治疗效应的具体机制。

丰富环境训练结合头穴丛刺对孤独症谱系障碍模型大鼠行为的影响

目的 观察丰富环境训练结合头穴丛刺对孤独症大鼠行为的影响。方法 选择健康雌性Wistar大鼠,于妊娠第12.5天时给予腹腔注射丙戊酸钠,随机选取子代雄鼠24只,随机分为模型组(n=6)、丰富环境组(n=6)、头穴丛刺组(n=6)和丰富环境结合头穴丛刺组(n=6)。对照组为腹腔注射等量生理盐水的雌鼠所产下的子代雄鼠(n=6)。子代雄鼠21日龄时分别进行干预,治疗4周后对各组进行三箱实验、埋珠实验,计算社交能力指数、社交偏好指数和埋珠数量;采用酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA法)测定各组外周血白细胞介素(IL)-1β和IL-6的水平。结果 干预后,与模型组比较,丰富环境组、头穴丛刺组和丰富环境结合头穴丛刺组社交能力指数和社交偏好指数均改善(P <0.05),重复刻板行为均减少(P <0.05),外周血液中IL-6、IL-1β水平均下降(P <0.05),其中丰富环境结合头穴丛刺组最佳(P <0.01)。结论 丰富环境训练和头穴丛刺均能够改善孤独症大鼠行为学症状,降低炎性因子表达,联合应用效果最佳。