Currently, the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is mainly based on the comprehensive consideration of the patient’s symptoms and signs, laboratory examinations and chest radiography (CXR). CXR plays a pivotal role to s...Currently, the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is mainly based on the comprehensive consideration of the patient’s symptoms and signs, laboratory examinations and chest radiography (CXR). CXR plays a pivotal role to support the early diagnosis of TB, especially when used for TB screening and differential diagnosis. However, high cost of CXR hardware and shortage of certified radiologists poses a major challenge for CXR application in TB screening in resource limited settings. The latest development of artificial intelligence (AI) combined with the accumulation of a large number of medical images provides new opportunities for the establishment of computer-aided detection (CAD) systems in the medical applications, especially in the era of deep learning (DL) technology. Several CAD solutions are now commercially available and there is growing evidence demonstrate their value in imaging diagnosis. Recently, WHO published a rapid communication which stated that CAD may be used as an alternative to human reader interpretation of plain digital CXRs for screening and triage of TB.展开更多
目的探讨儿童胸部数字化X线摄影(DR)降低辐射剂量的可行性。方法将0~14岁的儿童分为0~1岁、1~3岁、3~7岁、7~11岁、11~14岁5个年龄段,每个年龄段180例,共900例,随机分成A、B、C 3组,A组为Kodak DR 3000固定毫安秒组,B组为Kodak DR...目的探讨儿童胸部数字化X线摄影(DR)降低辐射剂量的可行性。方法将0~14岁的儿童分为0~1岁、1~3岁、3~7岁、7~11岁、11~14岁5个年龄段,每个年龄段180例,共900例,随机分成A、B、C 3组,A组为Kodak DR 3000固定毫安秒组,B组为Kodak DR 3000自动毫安秒组,C组为Philips DR自动毫安秒组。对3组之间的毫安秒(mAs)均数(辐射剂量)和图像质量进行比较。结果 (1)3组mAs均值比较,C组比A组和B组分别降低4.89mAs、2.01mAs,降低幅度为81.5%、64.5%,3组毫安秒均值组间比较差异有统计学意义(F=16 814.679,P<0.01),即C组mAs均值最小,辐射剂量最低。(2)3组共900幅图像质量均能够满足临床诊断的要求,差异无统计学意义(χ2=5.095,P>0.05)。结论在获得满意图像质量前提下,Philips DR自动毫安秒组更能体现儿童摄影正当化及最优化原则。展开更多
基金National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2017ZX10201302-008)。
文摘Currently, the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is mainly based on the comprehensive consideration of the patient’s symptoms and signs, laboratory examinations and chest radiography (CXR). CXR plays a pivotal role to support the early diagnosis of TB, especially when used for TB screening and differential diagnosis. However, high cost of CXR hardware and shortage of certified radiologists poses a major challenge for CXR application in TB screening in resource limited settings. The latest development of artificial intelligence (AI) combined with the accumulation of a large number of medical images provides new opportunities for the establishment of computer-aided detection (CAD) systems in the medical applications, especially in the era of deep learning (DL) technology. Several CAD solutions are now commercially available and there is growing evidence demonstrate their value in imaging diagnosis. Recently, WHO published a rapid communication which stated that CAD may be used as an alternative to human reader interpretation of plain digital CXRs for screening and triage of TB.
文摘目的探讨儿童胸部数字化X线摄影(DR)降低辐射剂量的可行性。方法将0~14岁的儿童分为0~1岁、1~3岁、3~7岁、7~11岁、11~14岁5个年龄段,每个年龄段180例,共900例,随机分成A、B、C 3组,A组为Kodak DR 3000固定毫安秒组,B组为Kodak DR 3000自动毫安秒组,C组为Philips DR自动毫安秒组。对3组之间的毫安秒(mAs)均数(辐射剂量)和图像质量进行比较。结果 (1)3组mAs均值比较,C组比A组和B组分别降低4.89mAs、2.01mAs,降低幅度为81.5%、64.5%,3组毫安秒均值组间比较差异有统计学意义(F=16 814.679,P<0.01),即C组mAs均值最小,辐射剂量最低。(2)3组共900幅图像质量均能够满足临床诊断的要求,差异无统计学意义(χ2=5.095,P>0.05)。结论在获得满意图像质量前提下,Philips DR自动毫安秒组更能体现儿童摄影正当化及最优化原则。