Anorectal dysfunction in patients with mid-low rectal cancer after surgery: A pilot study with three-dimensional high-resolution manometry

BACKGROUND The quality of life in patients who develop low anterior resection syndrome(LARS)after surgery for mid-low rectal cancer is seriously impaired.The underlying pathophysiological mechanism of LARS has not been fully investigated.AIM To assess anorectal function of mid-low rectal cancer patients developing LARS perioperatively.METHODS Patients diagnosed with mid-low rectal cancer were included.The LARS score was used to evaluate defecation symptoms 3 and 6 mo after anterior resection or a stoma reversal procedure.Anorectal functions were assessed by threedimensional high resolution anorectal manometry preoperatively and 3-6 mo after surgery.RESULTS The study population consisted of 24 patients.The total LARS score was decreased at 6 mo compared with 3 mo after surgery(P<0.05),but 58.3%(14/24)lasted as major LARS at 6 mo after surgery.The length of the high-pressure zone of the anal sphincter was significantly shorter,the mean resting pressure and maximal squeeze pressure of the anus were significantly lower than those before surgery in allpatients (P < 0.05), especially in the neoadjuvant therapy group after surgery (n = 18). The focalpressure defects of the anal canal were detected in 70.8% of patients, and those patients had higherLARS scores at 3 mo postoperatively than those without focal pressure defects (P < 0.05). Spasticperistaltic contractions from the new rectum to anus were detected in 45.8% of patients, whichwere associated with a higher LARS score at 3 mo postoperatively (P < 0.05).CONCLUSIONThe LARS score decreases over time after surgery in the majority of patients with mid-low rectalcancer. Anorectal dysfunctions, especially focal pressure defects of the anal canal and spasticperistaltic contractions from the new rectum to anus postoperatively, might be the majorpathophysiological mechanisms of LARS.

High-resolution colonic manometry and its clinical application in patients with colonic dysmotility: A review

The detailed process and mechanism of colonic motility are still unclear, and colonic motility disorders are associated with numerous clinical diseases. Colonic manometry is considered to the most direct means of evaluating colonic peristalsis. Colonic manometry has been studied for more than 30 years;however, the long duration of the examination, high risk of catheterization, huge amount of real-time data, strict catheter sterilization, and high cost of disposable equipment restrict its wide application in clinical practice. Recently, highresolution colonic manometry (HRCM) has rapidly developed into a major technique for obtaining more effective information involved in the physiology and/or pathophysiology of colonic contractile activity in colonic dysmotility patients. This review focuses on colonic motility, manometry, operation, and motor patterns, and the clinical application of HRCM. Furthermore, the limitations, future directions, and potential usefulness of HRCM in the evaluation of clinical treatment effects are also discussed.

A Study of Anorectal Manometry in Patients with Chronic Idiopathic Constipation

To study the changes of anorectal motility in patients with chronic idiopathic constipation, anorectal motility was investigated by water-perfused manometric system in 30 patients with chronic idiopathic constipation and 18 healthy subjects. Our results showed that there was no significant dif- ference between the constipation group and the control group in anal sphincteric resting pressure and anal maximal squeezing pressure. The minimum relaxation volume, the rectal defecatory threshold, the rectal maximal tolerable volume and the rectal compliance in the patients were significantly higher than those in the controls (P< 0. 01 or P< 0. 05). It is concluded that patients with chronic idio- pathic constipation have anorectal motility disturbances.

Effect of Modified Sinisan (四逆散) on Anorectal Manometry of the Constipation Predominant Type of Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Objective: To explore the mechanism in patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) of the constipation predominant type and observe the therapeutic effects of Sinisan (四逆散, SNS). Methods: Forty -seven IBS patients with the constipation predominant type were randomly divided into the treated group ( n =24) and the control group ( n =23). Another group of 22 healthy subjects was set up for healthy control. The treated group was treated with modified SNS, and the control group was treated with Cisapride, the therapeutic course for both groups was 8 weeks. The changes of symptom scoring and anorectal manometry (the anorectal resting pressure, anal tract systolic pressure, anal tract diastolic pressure, rectal threshold feeling, maximal tolerance volume of rectum, and rectum compliance) of these two groups were recorded respectively and compared with each other. Results: Compared with the healthy control group, the rectal threshold feeling, maximal tolerance volume of rectum and rectal compliance of the treated groups got reduced significantly before treatment ( P <0.05). After treatment, the symptom scoring, rectal threshold feeling and maximal tolerance volume of rectum were improved in both groups ( P <0.05), and the improvement of the treated group was more significant than that of the control group( P <0.01). The total effective rate and recurrence rate of the treated group were superior to those of the control group significantly ( P <0.05, P <0.01).Conclusion: SNS has good effect on IBS of the constipation predominant type.

Iatrogenic colorectal perforation induced by anorectal manometry:Report of two cases after restorative proctectomy for distal rectal cancer

There are no reports regarding perforation of the colorectum induced by anorectal manometry. We report two cases of colorectal perforation that occurred during manometry in the patients undergoing restorative proctectomy for distal rectal cancer. In the first patient, computed tomography showed an extraperitoneal perforation in the pelvic cavity and a rupture of the rectal wall. A localized perforation into the retroperitoneum was managed conservatively. In the second patient, a 3 cm linear colon rupture was detected above the anastomotic site. A primary closure of the perforated colon and proximal ileostomy were conducted, but the patient died 2 wk later. We hypothesize that the perforation induced by anorectal manometry may be associated with the relative weakening of the proximal bowel wall due to anastomosis, decreased compliance, and abnormal rectal sensation. We suggest that measurement of the maximum tolerable volume should not be routinely performed alter restorative proctectomy for distal rectal cancer.

New technologies in the gastrointestinal clinic and research: Impedance and high-resolution manometry

The last five years have been an exciting time in the study of esophageal motor disorders due to the recent advances in esophageal function testing. New technologies have emerged, such as intraluminal impedance, while conventional techniques, such as manometry, have enjoyed many improvements due to advances in transducer technology, computerization and graphic data presentation. While these techniques provide more detailed information regarding esophageal function, our understanding of whether they can improve our ability to diagnose and treat patients more effectively is evolving. These techniques are also excellent research tools and they have added substantially to our understanding of esophageal motor function in dysphagia. This review describes the potential benefits that these new technologies may have over conventional techniques for the evaluation of dysphagia.

Distal esophageal spasm:Update on diagnosis and management in the era of high-resolution manometry

Distal esophageal spasm (DES) is a rare major motility disorder in the Chicago dassification of esophageal motility disorders (CC).DES is diagnosed by finding of≥20%premature contractions,with normal lower esophageal sphincter (LES)relaxation on high-resolution manometry (HRM) in the latest version of CCv3.0.This feature differentiates it from achalasia type 3,which has an elevated LES relaxation pressure.Like other spastic esophageal disorders,DES has been linked to conditions such as gastroesophageal reflux disease,psychiatric conditions,and narcotic use.In addition to HRM,ancillary tests such as endoscopy and barium esophagram can provide supplemental information to differentiate DES from other conditions.Functional lumen imaging probe (FLIP),a new cutting-edge diagnostic tool,is able to recognize abnormal LES dysfunction that can be missed by HRM and can further guide LES targeted treatment when esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction is diagnosed on FLIP.Medical treatment in DES mostly targets symptomatic relief and often fails.Botulinum toxin injection during endoscopy may provide a temporary therapy that wears off over time.Myotomy through peroral endoscopic myotomy or via surgical Heller myotomy can provide long term relief in cases with persistent symptoms.

Semi-Solid and Solid Bolus Swallows in High-Resolution Oesophageal Manometry for the Detection of Motility Disorders

Background/Aims: High-resolution oesophageal manometry utilises water swallows to evaluate oesophageal function. However, small volumes of water are not representative of normal eating and as a result often produce normal manometry studies in patients with dysphagia. This study sets out to establish optimal diagnostic thresholds for semi-solid solid swallows and evaluate their ability to uncover motility abnormalities in patients with motility disorders. Method: Manometry was performed using ten 5-mL single water swallows followed by two semi-solid and two solid swallows in the upright position. Normative values for the adjunctive tests were obtained from patient controls while patients with major motility disorders were used to establish the optimal diagnostic thresholds. Diagnostic thresholds identified were prospectively tested in patients with normal water swallows but oesophagus related symptoms and in those with minor and major motility disorders. Results: Normal values for semi-solid and solid were determined in patient controls (n = 100). Development of diagnostic thresholds included 120 patients with major motility disorders. Optimal diagnostic thresholds identified for oesophagogastric junction dysfunction in semi-solid and solid swallows (IRP > 15.5 mmHg). Hypercontractilty and spasm used existing thresholds (>8000 mmHg-s-cm and < 4.5 s, respectively) but modified frequency of ≥50% of adjunctive swallows. Diagnostic thresholds were applied to symptomatic patients with normal water swallows (n = 70) identifying 12/70 (17%) to have abnormal adjunctive swallows. One of 30 patients (3%) with ineffective motility had abnormal adjunctive swallow and 12 patients with oesophageal spasm, oesophagogastric junction obstruction, and hypercontractility had abnormal adjunctive swallows that moved them up the motility disorder hierarchy. Conclusions: Semi-solid and solid challenge increase diagnostic yield of motility disorders.

High-Resolution Esophageal Manometry in Teenagers with Esophageal Atresia

Introduction: Children with surgically repaired esophageal atresia (EA) show esophageal dysmotility. Due to the performance of high-resolution manometry (HRM), three motility alteration patterns have been described, which allowed to know the segmental alterations. Objective: To describe the esophageal motility patterns found through HRM in teenagers with EA and to relate these with the associated esophageal pathology and its severity. Materials and Method: Ten teenagers were included with no history of esophageal blockage or dilations in the last six months, who were orally fed and asymptomatic. Through performance of HRM, we found surgical and endoscopic history, as well as of esophageal biopsies and pH monitoring. Results: We found the following patterns: aperistalsis, pressurization and distal contraction. 70% showed distal contraction, and 100% of esophageal endoscopies and biopsies were normal. 57% of the esophageal pH monitoring analyzed was pathologic. In the pressurization and aperistalsis groups, we observed severe esophagitis and requirement of Nissen antireflux procedure in 100% of the cases. Esophageal pH monitoring analyzed was 100% pathologic. Conclusion: We described the esophageal segmental alterations in teenagers with atresia by means of HRM. The distal contraction group showed better development, without severe esophagitis or requirement of antireflux procedure. Therefore, by performing an HRM in teenagers with EA, we could predict the future esophageal behavior, according to the peristaltic pattern, since there are significant differences among the groups in study.

Upper esophageal sphincter abnormalities on high-resolution esophageal manometry and treatment response of type Ⅱ achalasia

BACKGROUND Little is known about the clinical significance of upper esophageal sphincter(UES)motility disorders and their association with the treatment response of typeⅡachalasia.None of the three versions of the Chicago Classification of Esophageal Motility Disorders has defined UES abnormality metrics or their function.UES abnormalities exist in some patients and indicate a clinically significant problem in patients with achalasia.AIM To demonstrate the manometric differentiation on high-resolution esophageal manometry between subjects with abnormal UES and normal UES,and the association between UES type and the treatment response of typeⅡachalasia.METHODS In total,498 consecutive patients referred for high-resolution esophageal manometry were analyzed retrospectively.The patients were divided into two groups,those with normal and abnormal UES function.UES parameters were analyzed after determining lower esophageal sphincter(LES)function.Patients with typeⅡachalasia underwent pneumatic dilation for treatment.Using mixed model analyses,correlations between abnormal UES and treatment response were calculated among subjects with typeⅡachalasia.RESULTS Of the 498 consecutive patients,246(49.40%)were found to have UES abnormalities.Impaired relaxation alone was the most common UES abnormality(52.85%,n=130).The incidence rate of typeⅡachalasia was significantly higher in subjects with abnormal UES than those with normal UES(9.77%vs 2.58%,P=0.01).After pneumatic dilation,LES resting pressure,LES integrated relaxation pressure,and UES residual pressure were significantly decreased(41.91±9.20 vs 26.18±13.08,38.94±10.28 vs 16.71±5.65,and 11.18±7.93 vs 5.35±4.77,respectively,P<0.05).According to the Eckardt score,subjects with typeⅡachalasia and abnormal UES presented a significantly poorer treatment response than those with normal UES(83.33%vs 0.00%,P<0.05).CONCLUSION Impaired relaxation alone is the most common UES abnormality.The incidence of typeⅡachalasia is associated with abnormal UES.TypeⅡachalasia with abnormal UES has a poorer treatment response,which is a potentially prognostic indicator of treatment for this disease.

Anorectal functional outcome after repeated transanal endoscopic microsurgery

AIM： TO evaluate the status of anorectal function after repeated transanal endoscopic microsurgery （TEN）. METHODS： Twenty-one patients undergoing subtotal colectomy with ileorectal anastomosis were included. There were more than 5 large （〉 1 cm） polyps in the remaining rectum （range： 6-20 cm from the anal edge）. All patients, 19 with villous adenomas and 2 with low-grade adenocarcinomas, underwent TEM with submucosal endoscopic excision at least twice between 2005 and 2011. Anorectal manometry and a question- naire about incontinence were carried out at week 1 before operation, and at weeks 2 and 3 and 6 mo after the last operation. Anal resting pressure, maxi- mum squeeze pressure, maximum tolerable volume （MTV） and rectoanal inhibitory reflexes （RAIR） were recorded. The integrity and thickness of the internal anal sphincter （IAS） and external anal sphincter （EAS） were also evaluated by endoanal ultrasonography. We determined the physical and mental health status with SF-36 score to assess the effect of multiple TEM on patient quality of life （QoL）. RESULTS： All patients answered the questionnaire. Apart from negative RAIR in 4 patients, all of the anorectal manometric values in the 21 patients were normal before operation. Mean anal resting pressure decreased from 38±5 mmHg to 19±3 mmHg （38±5 mmHg vs 19±3 mmHg, P = 0.000） and MTV from 165± 19mLto60± 11mL（165± 19mLvs60± 11 mL, P = 0.000） at month 3 after surgery. Anal resting pressure and MTV were 37 ± 5 mmHg （38 ± 5 mmHg vs 37 ± 5 mmHg, P = 0.057） and 159 ± 19 mL （165 ± 19 mL vs 159 ± 19 mL, P = 0.071）, respectively, at month 6 after TEM. Maximal squeeze pressure de- creased from 171 ± 19 mmHg to 62 ± 12 mmHg （171 ± 19 mmHg vs 62 ± 12 mmHg, P = 0.000） at week 2 after operation, and returned to normal values by postoperative month 3 （171 ± 19 vs 166 ± 18, P = 0.051）. RAIR were absent in 4 patients preoperatively and in 12 （χ2 = 4.947, P = 0.026） patients at month 3 after surgery. PAIR was absent only in 5 patients at postoperative month 6 （χ2 = 0.141, P = 0.707）. Endo- sonography demonstrated that IAS disruption occurred in 8 patients, and 6 patients had temporary inconti- nence to flatus that was normalized by postoperative month 3. IAS thickness decreased from 1.9 ± 0.6 mm preoperatively to 1.3 ± 0.4 mm （1.9 ± 0.6 mm vs 1.3 ± 0.4 mm, P = 0.000） at postoperative month 3 and increased to 1.8 ± 0.5 mm （1.9 ± 0.6 mm vs 1.8 ± 0.5 mm, P = 0.239） at postoperative month 6. EAS thickness decreased from 3.7 ± 0.6 mm preoperatively to 3.5 ± 0.3 mm （3.7 ± 0.6 mm vs 3.5 ± 0.3 mm, P = 0.510） at month 3 and then increased to 3.6 ± 0.4 mm （3.7 ± 0.6 mm vs 3.6 ± 0.4 mm, P = 0.123） at month 6 after operation. Most patients had frequent stools per day and relatively high Wexner scores in a short time period. While actual fecal incontinence was exceptional, episodes of soiling were reported by 3 pa- tients. With regard to the QoL, the physical and mental health status scores （SF-36） were 56.1 and 46.2 （50 in the general population）, respectively.CONCLUSION： The anorectal function after repeated TEM is preserved. Multiple TEM procedures are useful for resection of multi-polyps in the remaining rectum.

Referral for anorectal function evaluation is indicated in 65% and beneficial in 92% of patients

AIM: To determine the indicated referrals to a tertiary centre for patients with anorectal symptoms, the effect of the advised treatment and the discomfort of the tests.METHODS: In a retrospective study, patients referred for anorectal function evaluation (AFE) between May 2004 and October 2006 were sent a questionnaire, as were the doctors who referred them. AFE consisted of anal manometry, rectal compliance measurement and anal endosonography. An indicated referral was defined as needing AFE to establish a diagnosis with clinical consequence (fecal incontinence without diarrhea, 3rd degree anal sphincter rupture, congenital anorectal disorder, inflammatory bowel disease with anorectal complaints and preoperative in patients for re-anastomosis or enterostoma, anal fissure, fistula or constipation). Anal ultrasound is always indicated in patients with fistula, anal manometry and rectal compliance when impaired continence reserve is suspected. The therapeutic effect was noted as improvement, no improvement but reassurance, and deterioration.RESULTS: From the 216 patients referred, 167 (78%) returned the questionnaire. The referrals were indicated in 65%. Of these, 80% followed the proposed advice. Improvement was achieved in 35% and a reassurance in 57% of the patients, no difference existed between patient groups. On a VAS scale (1 to 10) symptoms improved from 4.0 to 7.2. Most patients reported no or little discomfort with AFE. CONCLUSION: Referral for AFE was indicated in 65%. Beneficial effect was seen in 92%: 35% improved and 57% was reassured. Advice was followed in 80%. Better instruction about indication for AFE referral is warranted.

肛门直肠测压联合生物反馈技术治疗先天性肛门直肠畸形患儿术后排便功能障碍中的效果观察

目的:观察肛门直肠测压联合生物反馈技术治疗先天性肛门直肠畸形(Anorectal malformation,ARM)患儿术后排便功能障碍(Function defecation disorder,FDD)中的效果。方法:选取2021年10月至2023年1月江西省儿童医院收治的ARM患儿62例,随机将患儿分为对照组(31例)和观察组(31例),对照组接受生物反馈技术干预,观察组在对照组基础上联合肛门直肠测压,两组均治疗3 m,比较两组出院6 m后肛门直肠测压指标、肛门功能及生活质量。结果:出院6 m后,观察组平均及最大静息压、初始排便阈值均高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组Rintala评分及儿童生活质量普适性核心量表优于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:肛门直肠测压联合生物反馈技术可改善ARM患儿术后FDD,提高初始排便阈值,提升肛门功能及生活质量。

改良结肠传输试验在慢性便秘分型诊断中的应用价值及临床特征分析

目的探讨慢性便秘患者改良结肠传输试验(colonic transit test,CTT)分型与肛门直肠检查结果及患者临床特点的关系。方法纳入189例慢性便秘患者,记录患者的生活质量量表(patient assessment of constipation quality of life,PAC-QoL)、便秘评分系统量表(constipation scoring system scale,CSS)、Bristol粪便性状量表(Bristol stool form scale,BSFS)。根据72 h后改良CTT结果将患者分为慢传输型便秘(slow transit constipation,STC)、混合型便秘(mixed constipation,MC)、排便障碍型便秘(defecatory disorder,DD)和正常传输型便秘(normal transit constipation,NTC)四组,同时行肛门直肠测压(anorectal manometry,ARM)和排粪造影检查。比较各分型患者的肛门直肠检查结果、人口学特征和相关调查问卷的关系。结果共189例患者,其中STC 67例(35.4%)、DD 19例(10.1%)、MC39例(20.6%)和NTC 64例(33.9%)。四组间BMI、CSS评分中大便次数评分和病程评分、BSFS评分、肛门静息压、直肠肛管压力梯度(rectoanal pressure gradient,RAPG)、肛管松弛率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。STC组BMI显著高于NTC组,病程评分显著高于DD组,且BSFS显著小于NTC组(P<0.05)。DD组肛门静息压和肛管松弛率显著低于STC组、MC组和NTC组(P<0.05),STC组RAPG显著低于NTC组(P<0.05)。相关性分析显示,便秘患者结肠72 h钡剂传输部位与BMI、CSS评分中大便次数评分呈负相关(r=-0.245,P=0.001;r=-0.185,P=0.011),与RAPG、BSFS呈正相关(r=0.257,P=0.003;r=0.224,P=0.002)。结论慢性便秘患者改良CTT分型与ARM结果及患者临床特点相关,其在区分便秘类型,了解便秘病理生理上有一定的价值,在无胃肠动力检测的医疗中心可以初步进行便秘分型诊断并进一步指导治疗。

生物反馈电刺激联合盐酸伊托必利治疗慢性功能性出口梗阻型便秘的疗效及对患者肛门直肠动力学的影响

目的探讨生物反馈电刺激联合盐酸伊托必利治疗慢性功能性出口梗阻型便秘的临床疗效及对患者肛门直肠动力学的影响,以期为该类患者的临床治疗提供参考。方法采用随机数字表法将2022年1月—2024年3月中国人民解放军联勤保障部队第910医院诊治的110例慢性功能性出口梗阻型便秘患者分为观察组和对照组,每组55例。对照组患者采用盐酸伊托必利治疗,观察组患者采用生物反馈电刺激联合盐酸伊托必利治疗。治疗1个月后,比较2组患者的临床疗效及治疗期间的不良反应发生情况,同时比较2组患者治疗前后的肛门直肠动力学指标、直肠感觉功能指标及氧化应激水平。结果观察组患者的治疗总有效率为98.18%(54/55),高于对照组的85.45%(47/55),差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.356,P=0.037)。2组患者治疗期间不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(χ^(2)=0.484,P=0.487)。治疗前,2组患者的肛管静息压、肛管最大收缩压、肛管最大缩榨压水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗1个月时,2组患者的肛管静息压、肛管最大收缩压、最大缩榨压水平均低于治疗前,且观察组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组患者的最大耐受容量、初次排便感觉阈值、排便窘迫感阈值水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗1个月时,2组患者的最大耐受容量、初次排便感觉阈值、排便窘迫感阈值水平均低于治疗前,且观察组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗前,2组患者的血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MDA)及过氧化脂质(LPO)水平比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗1个月时,2组患者的血清SOD水平均高于治疗前且观察组高于对照组,血清MDA、LPO水平均低于治疗前,且观察组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论生物反馈电刺激联合盐酸伊托必利治疗能够有效缓解慢性功能性出口梗阻型便秘患者的便秘症状,显著改善患者肛门直肠动力学、直肠感觉功能及氧化应激水平,且具有较好的安全性,值得临床推广应用。

滋阴润肠方治疗功能性便秘阴虚证的临床研究

目的:探究滋阴润肠方治疗功能性便秘阴虚证的临床疗效。方法:选取2022年1月-2023年7月就诊于南京中医药大学第二附属医院肛肠科的功能性便秘阴虚证患者92例,随机分为对照组(n=45)和观察组(n=47),对照组采用乳果糖口服溶液治疗,观察组采用滋阴润肠方治疗,疗程均为4周。比较两组治疗前后主要临床症状积分,生活质量量表评分,中医证候总积分,肛管直肠压力以及临床疗效,不良反应发生率。结果:治疗后,两组主要临床症状积分,生活质量量表评分,中医证候总积分,首次感觉阈值,首次便意阈值,强烈便意阈值,最大耐受容量阈值均较本组治疗前明显降低(P<0.05),以观察组降低更明显(P<0.05),两组肛管静息压,肛管收缩压均较本组治疗前升高(P<0.05),以观察组升高更明显(P<0.05)。观察组总有效率高于对照组(P<0.05)。观察组不良反应发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:滋阴润肠方能安全有效地缓解功能性便秘阴虚证患者主要临床症状,提高生活质量,改善中医证候,增加肛管静息压,肛管收缩压,降低直肠感觉阈值,临床疗效满意,不良反应发生率低,值得临床推广。

90例功能性便秘患者高分辨肛门直肠测压的临床特点分析

目的:探讨不同性别、年龄、症状功能性便秘(FC)患者高分辨肛门直肠测压的差异。方法:选取芜湖市第二人民医院消化内科胃肠动力室90例FC患者,用高分辨肛门直肠测压(简称高分辨测压)技术,分析不同组别之间检测的参数特点。结果:高分辨测压显示男性FC患病年龄大于女性FC患者;男性在肛管最大收缩压和直肠排便压上高于女性,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。60岁及以上组肛管长度低于35岁及以下组(P<0.05);36~59岁组和60岁及以上组初始感觉阈值、排便阈值和最大耐受容量均高于35岁及以下组(P<0.05);60岁及以上组初始感觉阈值和排便阈值高于36~59岁组(P<0.05)。出口梗阻型便秘(OOC)组直肠排便压高于非OOC组(P<0.05),而排便时肛门松弛率低于非OOC组(P<0.001)。结论:高分辨肛门直肠测压在FC患者的诊治中具有一定指导意义,可在临床中推广运用。

功能MRI成像对低位前切除综合征的研究价值

目的探究功能MRI成像技术在评估低位直肠癌保肛术后低位前切除综合征中的应用价值。方法收集低位直肠癌保肛术后的患者38例,所有患者于术后第3个月内行盆腔功能MRI成像,并采用LARS评分表进行评分。将无LARS症状的患者纳入阴性组,轻度和重度LARS症状的患者纳入阳性组,阳性组患者均于盆腔功能MRI检查的1周内行3D HR-ARM检查。比较LARS阳性组和阴性组功能MRI检查间的差异,分析LARS阳性组功能MRI检查和3D HR-ARM检查间的相关性。结果LARS阳性组各时相的PR厚度和EAS厚度均小于阴性组,且差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。功能MRI成像与3D HR-ARM检查相关性分析显示:静息相的H线长度与RAPD呈正相关,静息相的EAS厚度与MSP呈正相关,力排相的H线长度与IRP呈正相关,三时相的PR厚度与HPZ呈正相关,提肛相的IAS厚度与IRP和RAPD呈负相关(P<0.05)。结论低位直肠癌患者PR和EAS受损、功能减退是影响术后出现LARS的重要因素,功能MRI成像可清晰显示盆底解剖结构变化,与3D HR-ARM检查相结合,可对LARS患者进行全面评估和疗效监测。

Changes in the esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction manometric feature based on the Chicago Classification updates

BACKGROUND The critical diagnostic criteria for esophagogastric junction outflow obstruction(EGJOO)were published in the latest Chicago Classification version 4.0(CCv4.0).In addition to the previous criterion[elevated integrated relaxation pressure(IRP)in supine position],manometric diagnosis of EGJOO requires meeting the criteria of elevated median-IRP during upright wet swallows and elevated intrabolus pressure.However,with the diagnostic criteria modification,the change in manometric features of EGJOO remained unclear.AIM To evaluate the esophageal motility characteristics of patients with EGJOO and select valuable parameters for confirming the diagnosis of EGJOO.METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of 370 patients who underwent highresolution manometry with 5 mL water swallows×10 in supine,×5 in upright position and the rapid drink challenge(RDC)with 200 mL water from November 2016 to November 2021 at Peking University First Hospital.Fifty-one patients with elevated integrated supine IRP and evidence of peristalsis were enrolled,with 24 patients meeting the updated manometric EGJOO diagnosis(CCv4.0)as the EGJOO group and 27 patients not meeting the updated EGJOO criteria as the isolated supine IRP elevated group(either normal median IRP in upright position or less than 20%of supine swallows with elevated IBP).Forty-six patients with normal manometric features were collected as the normal high-resolution manometry(HRM)group.Upper esophageal sphincter(UES),esophageal body,and lower esophageal sphincter(LES)parameters were compared between groups.RESULTS Compared with the normal HRM group,patients with EGJOO(CCv4.0)had significantly lower proximal esophageal contractile integral(PECI)and proximal esophageal length(PEL),with elevated IRP on RDC(P<0.05 for each comparison),while isolated supine IRP elevated patients had no such feature.Patients with EGJOO also had more significant abnormalities in the esophagogastric junction than isolated supine IRP elevated patients,including higher LES resting pressure(LESP),intrabolus pressure,median supine IRP,median upright IRP,and IRP on RDC(P<0.05 for each comparison).Patients with dysphagia had significantly lower PECI and PEL than patients without dysphagia among the fifty-one with elevated supine IRP.Further multivariate analysis revealed that PEL,LESP,and IRP on RDC are factors associated with EGJOO.The receiver-operating characteristic analysis showed UES nadir pressure,PEL,PECI,LESP,and IRP on RDC are parameters supportive for confirming the diagnosis of EGJOO.CONCLUSION Based on CCv4.0,patients with EGJOO have more severe esophagogastric junction dysfunction and are implicated in the proximal esophagus.Additionally,several parameters are supportive for confirming the diagnosis of EGJOO.

功能性便秘临床症状与肛门直肠测压特征的相关性研究

目的分析功能性便秘(FC)症状与基于高分辨率肛门直肠测压(HR-ARM)诊断的肛门直肠动力、感觉异常的相关性。方法前瞻性收集2020年6月—2021年12月在苏州大学附属第一医院行HR-ARM的FC患者资料,检查前记录便秘症状的发生情况并填写症状评分系统(CSS)总分,分析症状与HR-ARM参数和HR-ARM结果的相关性。结果排便费力患者较无排便费力患者肛管残余压高(t=2.359,P=0.021),肛管松弛率低(t=-2.996,P=0.004),直肠推进压高(t=3.099,P=0.003)。粪便干硬患者的直肠推进压低于粪便柔软患者,差异有统计学意义(t=-2.440,P=0.017)。需要辅助排便的患者较无需辅助排便的患者肛管残余压高(t=2.249,P=0.027),急迫便意阈值低(U=451.000,P=0.013)。腹胀患者初始感觉阈值低于无腹胀患者,差异有统计学意义(U=532.500,P=0.016)。HR-ARM结果显示,与无排便费力的患者比较,排便费力患者不协调性排便的发生率较高,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=4.697,P=0.030)。CSS总分与肛管残余压呈正相关(r=0.263,P=0.019),与肛管松弛率呈负相关(r=-0.386,P<0.001)。结论FC患者的排便费力症状主要与不协调性排便有关,并非排便推进力不足导致。肛管残余压高、肛管松弛率低的FC患者表现出更严重的便秘症状,2个参数可以更好地评估FC病理生理学异常情况。