Statistics of order 2 (variance, auto and cross-correlation functions, auto and cross-power spectra) and 3 (skewness, auto and cross-bicorrelation functions, auto and cross-bispectra) are used to analyze the wave-part...Statistics of order 2 (variance, auto and cross-correlation functions, auto and cross-power spectra) and 3 (skewness, auto and cross-bicorrelation functions, auto and cross-bispectra) are used to analyze the wave-particle interaction in space plasmas. The signals considered here are medium scale electron density irregularities and ELF/ULF electrostatic turbulence. Nonlinearities are mainly observed in the ELF range. They are independently pointed out in time series associated with fluctuations in electronic density and in time series associated with the measurement of one electric field component. Peaks in cross-bicorrelation function and in mutual information clearly show that, in well delimited frequency bands, the wave-particle interactions are nonlinear above a certain level of fluctuations. The way the energy is transferred within the frequencies of density fluctuations is indicated by a bi-spectra analysis.展开更多
We explore two observable nonclassical properties of quantum states generated by repeatedly operating annihilationthen-creation（AC） and creation-then-annihilation（CA） on the coherent state, respectively, such as h...We explore two observable nonclassical properties of quantum states generated by repeatedly operating annihilationthen-creation（AC） and creation-then-annihilation（CA） on the coherent state, respectively, such as higher-order subPoissonian statistics and higher-order squeezing-enhanced effect. The corresponding analytical expressions are derived in detail depending on m. By numerically comparing those quantum properties, it is found that these states above have very different nonclassical properties and nonclassicality is exhibited more strongly after AC operation than after CA operation.展开更多
This paper presents a joint high order statistics （HOS） and signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） algorithm for the recognition of multiple-input multiple-output （MIMO） radar signal without a priori knowledge of the signa...This paper presents a joint high order statistics （HOS） and signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） algorithm for the recognition of multiple-input multiple-output （MIMO） radar signal without a priori knowledge of the signal parameters. This method is capable of recognizing the MIMO radar signal as well as discriminating it from single-carrier signal adopted by conventional radar. Meanwhile, the sub-carrier number of the none-coding MIMO radar signal is estimated. Extensive simulations are carried out in different operating conditions. Simulation results prove the feasibility and indicate that the recognition probability could reach over 90% when the value of SNR is above 0 dB.展开更多
This paper presents a new blind XPIC and a new adaptive blind deconvolutional algorithm based on HOS processing, which separates and equalizes the signals in real time. The simulation results demonstrate that the perf...This paper presents a new blind XPIC and a new adaptive blind deconvolutional algorithm based on HOS processing, which separates and equalizes the signals in real time. The simulation results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed adaptive blind algorithm,compared with the conventional algorithms, is outstanding with the feature of feasibility, stability and fast convergence rate.展开更多
In recent years, sub-synchronous oscillation accidents caused by wind power integration have received extensive attention. The recorded constant-amplitude waveforms can be induced by either linear or nonlinear oscilla...In recent years, sub-synchronous oscillation accidents caused by wind power integration have received extensive attention. The recorded constant-amplitude waveforms can be induced by either linear or nonlinear oscillation mechanisms. Hence, the nonlinear behavior needs to be distinguished prior to choosing the analysis method. Since the 1960s, the higher-order statistics(HOS) theory has become a powerful tool for the detection of nonlinear behavior(DNB) in production quality control wherein it has mainly been applied to mechanical condition monitoring and fault diagnosis. This study focuses on the hard limiters of the voltage source converter(VSC) control systems in the wind farms and attempts to detect the nonlinear behavior caused by bi-or uni-lateral saturation hard limiting using the HOS analysis. First, the conventional describing function is extended to obtain the detailed frequency domain information on the bi-and uni-lateral saturation hard limiting. Furthermore, the bi-and tri-spectra are introduced as the HOS, which are extended into bi-and tri-coherence spectra to eliminate the effects of the linear parts on the harmonic characteristics of hard limiting in the VSC control system, respectively. The effectiveness of the HOS in the DNB and the classification of the hard-limiting types is proven, and its detailed derivation and estimation procedure is presented. Finally, the quadratic and cubic phase coupling in the signals is illustrated, and the performance of the proposed method is evaluated and discussed.展开更多
The new signature of liquid-gas phase transition has been well indicated by the higher-order fluctuations of the largest fragment charge,but the uncertainties of critical temperatures based on this signature have not ...The new signature of liquid-gas phase transition has been well indicated by the higher-order fluctuations of the largest fragment charge,but the uncertainties of critical temperatures based on this signature have not been revealed.This study extracts the critical temperatures of liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear reactions and investigates their uncertainties.Utilizing the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model in conjunction with the statistical model GEMINI enables us to describe the dynamical path from the initial to the final state.An isotope thermometer and a quantum fluctuation thermometer are employed to extract the nuclear temperature.The higher-order fluctuations of the largest fragment charge and critical temperatures are studied in^(124)Sn+^(120)Sn collisions ranging from 400 to 1000 MeV/nucleon and^(124)Sn+AZ collisions at 600 MeV/nucleon.Observations revealed that the pseudo-critical point is robustly indicated by the higher-order fluctuations of the largest fragment charge.The critical temperatures extracted by the isotope thermometer are relatively consistent,with an uncertainty of 15%,while those obtained by the quantum fluctuation thermometer are heavily influenced by the incident energy and mass number of target nuclei.The excitation energy E∗and bound charge Zbound are used for event-sorting.These two ensembles represent the statistical properties of the initial and final states of the system,respectively.The initial-final correlations of statistical properties might lead to two phenomena.First,the size distribution of the largest fragment at the pseudo-critical point based on the Zbound ensemble is wide,while that based on E∗ensemble exhibits bimodality,which is a typical characteristic in the liquid-gas coexistence of a finite system.Second,the temperature at the pseudo-critical point based on the Zbound ensemble is higher than that based on the E∗ensemble.Furthermore,the projectile-like system exhibits a significant dynamical effect in its evolution path from the initial to final state,closely associated with the fluctuation of critical temperature.展开更多
For magnetotelluric sounding (MT), many processing methods based on power spectrum have put forward lots of hypotheses, such as MT signals are Gaussian, linear and minimum-phase. If practical signals do not satisfy th...For magnetotelluric sounding (MT), many processing methods based on power spectrum have put forward lots of hypotheses, such as MT signals are Gaussian, linear and minimum-phase. If practical signals do not satisfy these requirements, the results will have a few problems as follows. Firstly, when signals are non-linear and non-Gaussian, the information of the earth contained in the MT signals cannot be sufficiently extracted; Secondly, when signals are non-Gaussian and non-minimum phase, the processed results cannot reflect the minimum phase characteristics of the signals. Hence, it is necessary for us to do further research on characteristics of MT signals (YAO, SUN, 1999; LI, CHENG, 2002; Nikias, Petropulu, 1993; ZHANG, 1996). Otherwise, we cannot judge the reliability of the processed results based on power spectrum.……展开更多
The high penetration of distributed generation(DG)has set up a challenge for energy management and consequently for the monitoring and assessment of power quality(PQ).Besides,there are new types of disturbances owing ...The high penetration of distributed generation(DG)has set up a challenge for energy management and consequently for the monitoring and assessment of power quality(PQ).Besides,there are new types of disturbances owing to the uncontrolled connections of non-linear loads.The stochastic behaviour triggers the need for new holistic indicators which also deal with big data of PQ in terms of compression and scalability so as to extract the useful information regarding different network states and the prevailing PQ disturbances for future risk assessment and energy management systems.Permanent and continuous monitoring would guarantee the report to claim for damages and to assess the risk of PQ distortions.In this context,we propose a measurement method that postulates the use of two-dimensional(2D)diagrams based on higher-order statistics(HOSs)and a previous voltage quality index that assesses the voltage supply waveform in a continous monitoring campaign.Being suitable for both PQ and reliability applications,the results conclude that the inclusion of HOS measurements in the industrial metrological reports helps characterize the deviations of the voltage supply waveform,extracting the individual customers’pattern fingerprint,and compressing the data from both time and spatial aspects.The method allows a continuous and robust performance needed in the SG framework.Consequently,the method can be used by an average consumer as a probabilistic method to assess the risk of PQ deviations in site characterization.展开更多
针对微机电系统(MEMS)陀螺存在的非线性、非平稳噪声,提出了应用经验模态分解/高阶统计(EMD-HOS)的降噪方法对MEMS陀螺进行降噪。首先,采集MEMS陀螺输出信号,根据EMD算法将信号分解成本征模态函数(IMF)。采用Bootstrap技术分别估计各IM...针对微机电系统(MEMS)陀螺存在的非线性、非平稳噪声,提出了应用经验模态分解/高阶统计(EMD-HOS)的降噪方法对MEMS陀螺进行降噪。首先,采集MEMS陀螺输出信号,根据EMD算法将信号分解成本征模态函数(IMF)。采用Bootstrap技术分别估计各IMF的峰度值,进行高斯特性检验,滤除高斯IMF。接着,使用方差聚合法分别计算IMF的Hurst指数,根据Hurst指数计算阈值,对各IMF进行软阈值处理。将阈值处理后的剩余IMF进行重构,达到降噪的目的。最后,通过交叠式Allan方差分析对滤波前后数据进行处理,绘制Allan方差与相关时间关系曲线,利用非线性最小二乘拟合方法,计算陀螺噪声各项指标。实验表明,EMD-HOS和软阈值处理能够有效地对MEMS陀螺降噪,其信噪比提高了5.6 d B,各项陀螺随机噪声关键指标提高近一个量级。展开更多
文摘Statistics of order 2 (variance, auto and cross-correlation functions, auto and cross-power spectra) and 3 (skewness, auto and cross-bicorrelation functions, auto and cross-bispectra) are used to analyze the wave-particle interaction in space plasmas. The signals considered here are medium scale electron density irregularities and ELF/ULF electrostatic turbulence. Nonlinearities are mainly observed in the ELF range. They are independently pointed out in time series associated with fluctuations in electronic density and in time series associated with the measurement of one electric field component. Peaks in cross-bicorrelation function and in mutual information clearly show that, in well delimited frequency bands, the wave-particle interactions are nonlinear above a certain level of fluctuations. The way the energy is transferred within the frequencies of density fluctuations is indicated by a bi-spectra analysis.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.11447002 and 11447202)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province of China(Grant No.20151BAB202013)the Research Foundation for Changzhou Institute of Modern Optoelectronic Technology of China(Grant No.CZGY15)
文摘We explore two observable nonclassical properties of quantum states generated by repeatedly operating annihilationthen-creation（AC） and creation-then-annihilation（CA） on the coherent state, respectively, such as higher-order subPoissonian statistics and higher-order squeezing-enhanced effect. The corresponding analytical expressions are derived in detail depending on m. By numerically comparing those quantum properties, it is found that these states above have very different nonclassical properties and nonclassicality is exhibited more strongly after AC operation than after CA operation.
文摘提出一种基于符号高阶统计量(HOS,high-order statistics)的MPSK调制信道衰落系数盲估计算法。针对平坦慢衰落信道模型,首先分析了MPSK调制符号高阶统计量特征,证明了MPSK调制符号的M次方符号的值是唯一的,而当1≤M′<M时,调制符号的M′次方符号在复平面上是对称分布的;之后利用此特征推导出MPSK调制阶数、初始相位和衰落系数估计算法。仿真实验表明,信噪比高于12 d B条件下,HOS算法估计性能与目前平坦慢衰落信道盲估计的主流方法 Lloyd-Max算法相同,而算法复杂度为Lloyd-Max算法的1/50,并且在接收样本符号较少的条件下HOS算法的均方误差曲线收敛于最小二乘估计理论下界。
基金supported by the Foundation of Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Equipment Department(41101020303)
文摘This paper presents a joint high order statistics （HOS） and signal-to-noise ratio （SNR） algorithm for the recognition of multiple-input multiple-output （MIMO） radar signal without a priori knowledge of the signal parameters. This method is capable of recognizing the MIMO radar signal as well as discriminating it from single-carrier signal adopted by conventional radar. Meanwhile, the sub-carrier number of the none-coding MIMO radar signal is estimated. Extensive simulations are carried out in different operating conditions. Simulation results prove the feasibility and indicate that the recognition probability could reach over 90% when the value of SNR is above 0 dB.
文摘This paper presents a new blind XPIC and a new adaptive blind deconvolutional algorithm based on HOS processing, which separates and equalizes the signals in real time. The simulation results demonstrate that the performance of the proposed adaptive blind algorithm,compared with the conventional algorithms, is outstanding with the feature of feasibility, stability and fast convergence rate.
基金supported by the State Grid Guide Project(No.5108-202218030A-1-1-ZN)。
文摘In recent years, sub-synchronous oscillation accidents caused by wind power integration have received extensive attention. The recorded constant-amplitude waveforms can be induced by either linear or nonlinear oscillation mechanisms. Hence, the nonlinear behavior needs to be distinguished prior to choosing the analysis method. Since the 1960s, the higher-order statistics(HOS) theory has become a powerful tool for the detection of nonlinear behavior(DNB) in production quality control wherein it has mainly been applied to mechanical condition monitoring and fault diagnosis. This study focuses on the hard limiters of the voltage source converter(VSC) control systems in the wind farms and attempts to detect the nonlinear behavior caused by bi-or uni-lateral saturation hard limiting using the HOS analysis. First, the conventional describing function is extended to obtain the detailed frequency domain information on the bi-and uni-lateral saturation hard limiting. Furthermore, the bi-and tri-spectra are introduced as the HOS, which are extended into bi-and tri-coherence spectra to eliminate the effects of the linear parts on the harmonic characteristics of hard limiting in the VSC control system, respectively. The effectiveness of the HOS in the DNB and the classification of the hard-limiting types is proven, and its detailed derivation and estimation procedure is presented. Finally, the quadratic and cubic phase coupling in the signals is illustrated, and the performance of the proposed method is evaluated and discussed.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (11875328, 12075327)the Key Laboratory of Nuclear Data foundation (JCKY2022201C157)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities, Sun Yat-sen University (22lgqb39)。
文摘The new signature of liquid-gas phase transition has been well indicated by the higher-order fluctuations of the largest fragment charge,but the uncertainties of critical temperatures based on this signature have not been revealed.This study extracts the critical temperatures of liquid-gas phase transition in nuclear reactions and investigates their uncertainties.Utilizing the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model in conjunction with the statistical model GEMINI enables us to describe the dynamical path from the initial to the final state.An isotope thermometer and a quantum fluctuation thermometer are employed to extract the nuclear temperature.The higher-order fluctuations of the largest fragment charge and critical temperatures are studied in^(124)Sn+^(120)Sn collisions ranging from 400 to 1000 MeV/nucleon and^(124)Sn+AZ collisions at 600 MeV/nucleon.Observations revealed that the pseudo-critical point is robustly indicated by the higher-order fluctuations of the largest fragment charge.The critical temperatures extracted by the isotope thermometer are relatively consistent,with an uncertainty of 15%,while those obtained by the quantum fluctuation thermometer are heavily influenced by the incident energy and mass number of target nuclei.The excitation energy E∗and bound charge Zbound are used for event-sorting.These two ensembles represent the statistical properties of the initial and final states of the system,respectively.The initial-final correlations of statistical properties might lead to two phenomena.First,the size distribution of the largest fragment at the pseudo-critical point based on the Zbound ensemble is wide,while that based on E∗ensemble exhibits bimodality,which is a typical characteristic in the liquid-gas coexistence of a finite system.Second,the temperature at the pseudo-critical point based on the Zbound ensemble is higher than that based on the E∗ensemble.Furthermore,the projectile-like system exhibits a significant dynamical effect in its evolution path from the initial to final state,closely associated with the fluctuation of critical temperature.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (40274039).
文摘For magnetotelluric sounding (MT), many processing methods based on power spectrum have put forward lots of hypotheses, such as MT signals are Gaussian, linear and minimum-phase. If practical signals do not satisfy these requirements, the results will have a few problems as follows. Firstly, when signals are non-linear and non-Gaussian, the information of the earth contained in the MT signals cannot be sufficiently extracted; Secondly, when signals are non-Gaussian and non-minimum phase, the processed results cannot reflect the minimum phase characteristics of the signals. Hence, it is necessary for us to do further research on characteristics of MT signals (YAO, SUN, 1999; LI, CHENG, 2002; Nikias, Petropulu, 1993; ZHANG, 1996). Otherwise, we cannot judge the reliability of the processed results based on power spectrum.……
基金This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation(Statal Agency for Research),the EU(AEI/FEDER/UE)via project PID2019-108953RB-C21 Strategies for Aggregated Generation of Photovoltaic Plants:Energy and Meteorological Operational Data(SAGPVEMOD),the precedent TEC2016-77632-C3-3-R.
文摘The high penetration of distributed generation(DG)has set up a challenge for energy management and consequently for the monitoring and assessment of power quality(PQ).Besides,there are new types of disturbances owing to the uncontrolled connections of non-linear loads.The stochastic behaviour triggers the need for new holistic indicators which also deal with big data of PQ in terms of compression and scalability so as to extract the useful information regarding different network states and the prevailing PQ disturbances for future risk assessment and energy management systems.Permanent and continuous monitoring would guarantee the report to claim for damages and to assess the risk of PQ distortions.In this context,we propose a measurement method that postulates the use of two-dimensional(2D)diagrams based on higher-order statistics(HOSs)and a previous voltage quality index that assesses the voltage supply waveform in a continous monitoring campaign.Being suitable for both PQ and reliability applications,the results conclude that the inclusion of HOS measurements in the industrial metrological reports helps characterize the deviations of the voltage supply waveform,extracting the individual customers’pattern fingerprint,and compressing the data from both time and spatial aspects.The method allows a continuous and robust performance needed in the SG framework.Consequently,the method can be used by an average consumer as a probabilistic method to assess the risk of PQ deviations in site characterization.
文摘针对微机电系统(MEMS)陀螺存在的非线性、非平稳噪声,提出了应用经验模态分解/高阶统计(EMD-HOS)的降噪方法对MEMS陀螺进行降噪。首先,采集MEMS陀螺输出信号,根据EMD算法将信号分解成本征模态函数(IMF)。采用Bootstrap技术分别估计各IMF的峰度值,进行高斯特性检验,滤除高斯IMF。接着,使用方差聚合法分别计算IMF的Hurst指数,根据Hurst指数计算阈值,对各IMF进行软阈值处理。将阈值处理后的剩余IMF进行重构,达到降噪的目的。最后,通过交叠式Allan方差分析对滤波前后数据进行处理,绘制Allan方差与相关时间关系曲线,利用非线性最小二乘拟合方法,计算陀螺噪声各项指标。实验表明,EMD-HOS和软阈值处理能够有效地对MEMS陀螺降噪,其信噪比提高了5.6 d B,各项陀螺随机噪声关键指标提高近一个量级。
