Liver plays a vital role in the production and catabolism of plasma lipoproteins. It depends on the integrity of cellular function of liver, which ensures homeostasis of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. When liver ca...Liver plays a vital role in the production and catabolism of plasma lipoproteins. It depends on the integrity of cellular function of liver, which ensures homeostasis of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. When liver cancer occurs these processes are impaired and high-density lipoproteins are changed.展开更多
Fifteen patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with high dose MMC or ADR via hepatic artery with drug filtration in our hospital from A...Fifteen patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with high dose MMC or ADR via hepatic artery with drug filtration in our hospital from April to December 1988. Among them, 11 cases (73%) had symptoms relief, 3 cases (20%) tumor minimal remission and AFP decreased in 4 cases (33%). One case dide of hep'atoma 8 months after HAI-F and another case was followed up only 2 months after treatment, the remaining 13 cases are alive for 5 to 10 months after HAI-F. The reasons of unsatisfactory results were analyzed and possible ways of improvement were suggested.展开更多
BACKGROUND DNA damage is one of the critical contributors to the occurrence and development of some cancers.APEX1 and APEX2 are the most important molecules in the DNA damage,and APEX1 has been identified as a diagnos...BACKGROUND DNA damage is one of the critical contributors to the occurrence and development of some cancers.APEX1 and APEX2 are the most important molecules in the DNA damage,and APEX1 has been identified as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in liver hepatocellular carcinoma(LIHC).However,the expression of APEX2 and its functional mechanisms in LIHC are still unclear.AIM To examine the expression of APEX2 and the potential mechanism network in LIHC.METHODS We conducted a pan-cancer analysis of the expression of APEX1 and APEX2 using the interactive TIMER tool.GEO datasets,including GSE14520,GSE22058,and GSE64041,were used to compare the APEX2 expression level in tumor tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues.Then,we calculated the 5-year survival rate according to the web-based Kaplan-Meier analysis.We included the TCGA liver cancer database in GSEA analysis based on the high and low APEX2 expression,showing the potential mechanisms of APEX2 in LIHC.After that,we conducted Pearson correlation analysis using GEPIA2.Next,we performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)assay to examine the APEX2 levels in normal liver cell line LO2 and several liver cancer cell lines,including HepG2,Huh7,SMMC7721,and HCCLM3.APEX2 in HCCLM3 cells was knocked down using small interfering RNA.The role of APEX2 in cell viability was confirmed using CCK-8.Dualluciferase reporter assay was performed to examine the promoter activity of CCNB1 and MYC.RESULTS APEX1 and APEX2 are both highly expressed in the tumor tissues of BLCA,BRCA,CHOL,COAD,ESCA,HNSC,LIHC,LUAD,LUSC,READ,and STAD.APEX2 overexpression in LIHC was validated using GSE14520,GSE22058,and GSE64041 datasets.The survival analysis showed that LIHC patients with high expression of APEX2 had a lower overall survival rate,even in the AJCC T1 patients.High level of APEX2 could indicate a lower overall survival rate in patients with or without viral hepatitis.The GSEA analysis identified that kinetochore and spindle microtubules are the two main cellular components of APEX2 in GO Ontology.APEX2 was also positively associated with molecular function regulation of chromosome segregation and DNA replication.The results of KEGG analysis indicated that APEX2 expression was positively correlated with cell cycle pathway and pro-oncogenic MYC signaling.Pearson correlation analysis showed that APEX2 had a significant positive correlation with CCNB1 and MYC.APEX2 level was higher in liver cancer cell lines than in normal liver LO2 cells.Small interfering RNA could knock down the APEX2 expression in HCCLM3 cells.Knockdown of APEX2 resulted in a decrease in the viability of HCCLM3 cells as well as the expression and promoter activity of CCNB1 and MYC.CONCLUSION APEX2 is overexpressed in LIHC,and the higher APEX2 level is associated with a worse prognosis in overall survival.APEX2 is closely involved in the biological processes of chromosome segregation and DNA replication.APEX2 expression is positively correlated with the pro-oncogenic pathways.Knockdown of APEX2 could inhibit the cell viability and CCNB1 and MYC pathways,suggesting that APEX2 is an oncogene in LIHC,which could be a potential pharmaceutic target in the anti-tumor therapy.展开更多
BACKGROUND Liver metastasis of duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)is rare.Most reports mainly focus on its treatment and approaches to surgical resection,while details on its contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEU...BACKGROUND Liver metastasis of duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)is rare.Most reports mainly focus on its treatment and approaches to surgical resection,while details on its contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)findings are lacking.The diagnosis and imaging modalities for this condition remain challenging.CASE SUMMARY A 53-year-old Chinese man presented with mild signs and symptoms of the digestive tract.He underwent routine examinations after GIST surgery.Magnetic resonance imaging showed a 2.3 cm hepatic space-occupying lesion.All the laboratory test results were within normal limits.For further diagnostic confirmation,we conducted high frame rate CEUS(H-CEUS)and found a malignant perfusion pattern.Heterogeneous concentric hyper-enhancement,earlier wash-in than the liver parenchyma,and two irregular vessel columns could be observed at the periphery of the lesion during the arterial phase.Ultrasound-guided puncture biopsy was used to confirm the diagnosis of the lesion as liver metastasis of duodenal GIST.Imatinib was prescribed after biopsy,and the patient’s clinical course was monitored.CONCLUSION H-CEUS is useful for detecting microcirculation differences,wash-in patterns,and vascular morphogenesis and diagnosing liver metastasis of duodenal GIST.展开更多
Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in rectal carcinoma and hepatocarcinoma genesis. Methods: The PAHs in the human rectal cancer and liver cancer ...Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in rectal carcinoma and hepatocarcinoma genesis. Methods: The PAHs in the human rectal cancer and liver cancer tissues, the adjacent tissues and homologous tissues without rectal cancer or liver cancer were extracted by ultrasonic wave. The extracts were then cleaned up and enriched by solid phase extraction, analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence spectroscopy. Results: Four kinds of PAHs were detected in human rectal and hepatic tissues. The contents of pyrene, 2-methylanthracene and benzo (a) pyrene in both rectal cancer tissues and adjacent homologous tissues were higher than rectal tissues without rectal cancer, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The contents of phenanthrene in the three kind of tissue were not significant (P > 0.05). The differences of the content of each PAHs between rectal cancer and adjacent tissue were not significant (P > 0.05). The contents of the four PAHs in the three kinds of liver tissues were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: PAHs are found in human rectal tissues or hepatic tissues. The contents of PAHs in human rectal tissue may have an effect on the occurrence of human rectal cancer while the contents of PAHs in human hepatic tissues may have not ones.展开更多
Groundwater with high arsenic(As) content seriously threatens human life and health. Drinking high-As groundwater for a long time will lead to various pathological changes such as skin cancer, liver cancer,and kidney ...Groundwater with high arsenic(As) content seriously threatens human life and health. Drinking high-As groundwater for a long time will lead to various pathological changes such as skin cancer, liver cancer,and kidney cancer. High-As groundwater has become one of the most serious environmental geological problems in China and even internationally. This paper aims to systematically summarize the sources,migration, distribution, toxicological effects, and treatment techniques of As in natural groundwater in China based on a large number of literature surveys. High-As groundwater in China is mainly distributed in the inland basins in arid and semi-arid environments and the alluvial and lacustrine aquifers in river deltas in humid environments, which are in neutral to weakly alkaline and strongly reducing environments.The content of As in groundwater varies widely, and As(Ⅲ) is the main form. The main mechanism of the formation of high-As groundwater in China is the reduced dissolution of Fe and Mn oxides under the action of organic matter and primary microorganisms, alkaline environment, intense evaporation and concentration, long-term water-rock interaction, and slow groundwater velocity, which promote the continuous migration and enrichment of As in groundwater. There are obvious differences in the toxicity of different forms of As. The toxic of As(Ⅲ) is far more than As(V), which is considered to be more toxic than methyl arsenate(MMA) and dimethyl arsenate(DMA). Inorganic As entering the body is metabolized through a combination of methylation(detoxification) and reduction(activation) and catalyzed by a series of methyltransferases and reductases. At present, remediation methods for high-As groundwater mainly include ion exchange technology, membrane filtration technology, biological treatment technology, nanocomposite adsorption technology, electrochemical technology, and so on. All the above remediation methods still have certain limitations, and it is urgent to develop treatment materials and technical means with stronger As removal performance and sustainability. With the joint efforts of scientists and governments of various countries in the future, this worldwide problem of drinking-water As poisoning will be solved as soon as possible. This paper systematically summarizes and discusses the hot research results of natural high-As groundwater, which could provide a reference for the related research of high-As groundwater in China and even the world.展开更多
文摘Liver plays a vital role in the production and catabolism of plasma lipoproteins. It depends on the integrity of cellular function of liver, which ensures homeostasis of lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. When liver cancer occurs these processes are impaired and high-density lipoproteins are changed.
文摘Fifteen patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma were treated with high dose MMC or ADR via hepatic artery with drug filtration in our hospital from April to December 1988. Among them, 11 cases (73%) had symptoms relief, 3 cases (20%) tumor minimal remission and AFP decreased in 4 cases (33%). One case dide of hep'atoma 8 months after HAI-F and another case was followed up only 2 months after treatment, the remaining 13 cases are alive for 5 to 10 months after HAI-F. The reasons of unsatisfactory results were analyzed and possible ways of improvement were suggested.
基金Wenzhou Science and Technology Bureau,No.Y20180147.
文摘BACKGROUND DNA damage is one of the critical contributors to the occurrence and development of some cancers.APEX1 and APEX2 are the most important molecules in the DNA damage,and APEX1 has been identified as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in liver hepatocellular carcinoma(LIHC).However,the expression of APEX2 and its functional mechanisms in LIHC are still unclear.AIM To examine the expression of APEX2 and the potential mechanism network in LIHC.METHODS We conducted a pan-cancer analysis of the expression of APEX1 and APEX2 using the interactive TIMER tool.GEO datasets,including GSE14520,GSE22058,and GSE64041,were used to compare the APEX2 expression level in tumor tissues and adjacent non-tumor tissues.Then,we calculated the 5-year survival rate according to the web-based Kaplan-Meier analysis.We included the TCGA liver cancer database in GSEA analysis based on the high and low APEX2 expression,showing the potential mechanisms of APEX2 in LIHC.After that,we conducted Pearson correlation analysis using GEPIA2.Next,we performed quantitative polymerase chain reaction(qPCR)assay to examine the APEX2 levels in normal liver cell line LO2 and several liver cancer cell lines,including HepG2,Huh7,SMMC7721,and HCCLM3.APEX2 in HCCLM3 cells was knocked down using small interfering RNA.The role of APEX2 in cell viability was confirmed using CCK-8.Dualluciferase reporter assay was performed to examine the promoter activity of CCNB1 and MYC.RESULTS APEX1 and APEX2 are both highly expressed in the tumor tissues of BLCA,BRCA,CHOL,COAD,ESCA,HNSC,LIHC,LUAD,LUSC,READ,and STAD.APEX2 overexpression in LIHC was validated using GSE14520,GSE22058,and GSE64041 datasets.The survival analysis showed that LIHC patients with high expression of APEX2 had a lower overall survival rate,even in the AJCC T1 patients.High level of APEX2 could indicate a lower overall survival rate in patients with or without viral hepatitis.The GSEA analysis identified that kinetochore and spindle microtubules are the two main cellular components of APEX2 in GO Ontology.APEX2 was also positively associated with molecular function regulation of chromosome segregation and DNA replication.The results of KEGG analysis indicated that APEX2 expression was positively correlated with cell cycle pathway and pro-oncogenic MYC signaling.Pearson correlation analysis showed that APEX2 had a significant positive correlation with CCNB1 and MYC.APEX2 level was higher in liver cancer cell lines than in normal liver LO2 cells.Small interfering RNA could knock down the APEX2 expression in HCCLM3 cells.Knockdown of APEX2 resulted in a decrease in the viability of HCCLM3 cells as well as the expression and promoter activity of CCNB1 and MYC.CONCLUSION APEX2 is overexpressed in LIHC,and the higher APEX2 level is associated with a worse prognosis in overall survival.APEX2 is closely involved in the biological processes of chromosome segregation and DNA replication.APEX2 expression is positively correlated with the pro-oncogenic pathways.Knockdown of APEX2 could inhibit the cell viability and CCNB1 and MYC pathways,suggesting that APEX2 is an oncogene in LIHC,which could be a potential pharmaceutic target in the anti-tumor therapy.
基金Supported by the Guide Project for Key Research and Development Foundation of Liaoning Province,No.2019JH8/10300008the 345 Talent Projectthe Liaoning Baiqianwan Talents Program.
文摘BACKGROUND Liver metastasis of duodenal gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST)is rare.Most reports mainly focus on its treatment and approaches to surgical resection,while details on its contrast-enhanced ultrasound(CEUS)findings are lacking.The diagnosis and imaging modalities for this condition remain challenging.CASE SUMMARY A 53-year-old Chinese man presented with mild signs and symptoms of the digestive tract.He underwent routine examinations after GIST surgery.Magnetic resonance imaging showed a 2.3 cm hepatic space-occupying lesion.All the laboratory test results were within normal limits.For further diagnostic confirmation,we conducted high frame rate CEUS(H-CEUS)and found a malignant perfusion pattern.Heterogeneous concentric hyper-enhancement,earlier wash-in than the liver parenchyma,and two irregular vessel columns could be observed at the periphery of the lesion during the arterial phase.Ultrasound-guided puncture biopsy was used to confirm the diagnosis of the lesion as liver metastasis of duodenal GIST.Imatinib was prescribed after biopsy,and the patient’s clinical course was monitored.CONCLUSION H-CEUS is useful for detecting microcirculation differences,wash-in patterns,and vascular morphogenesis and diagnosing liver metastasis of duodenal GIST.
基金Supported by a grant from Key Laboratory of Marine Spill Oil Identification and Damage Assessment Technology(No.200902)
文摘Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in rectal carcinoma and hepatocarcinoma genesis. Methods: The PAHs in the human rectal cancer and liver cancer tissues, the adjacent tissues and homologous tissues without rectal cancer or liver cancer were extracted by ultrasonic wave. The extracts were then cleaned up and enriched by solid phase extraction, analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence spectroscopy. Results: Four kinds of PAHs were detected in human rectal and hepatic tissues. The contents of pyrene, 2-methylanthracene and benzo (a) pyrene in both rectal cancer tissues and adjacent homologous tissues were higher than rectal tissues without rectal cancer, the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The contents of phenanthrene in the three kind of tissue were not significant (P > 0.05). The differences of the content of each PAHs between rectal cancer and adjacent tissue were not significant (P > 0.05). The contents of the four PAHs in the three kinds of liver tissues were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). Conclusion: PAHs are found in human rectal tissues or hepatic tissues. The contents of PAHs in human rectal tissue may have an effect on the occurrence of human rectal cancer while the contents of PAHs in human hepatic tissues may have not ones.
基金The study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41672225 and 41902243)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangxi Province(20202BABL211018)the East China University of Technology Research Foundation for Advanced Talents(DHBK2019098).
文摘Groundwater with high arsenic(As) content seriously threatens human life and health. Drinking high-As groundwater for a long time will lead to various pathological changes such as skin cancer, liver cancer,and kidney cancer. High-As groundwater has become one of the most serious environmental geological problems in China and even internationally. This paper aims to systematically summarize the sources,migration, distribution, toxicological effects, and treatment techniques of As in natural groundwater in China based on a large number of literature surveys. High-As groundwater in China is mainly distributed in the inland basins in arid and semi-arid environments and the alluvial and lacustrine aquifers in river deltas in humid environments, which are in neutral to weakly alkaline and strongly reducing environments.The content of As in groundwater varies widely, and As(Ⅲ) is the main form. The main mechanism of the formation of high-As groundwater in China is the reduced dissolution of Fe and Mn oxides under the action of organic matter and primary microorganisms, alkaline environment, intense evaporation and concentration, long-term water-rock interaction, and slow groundwater velocity, which promote the continuous migration and enrichment of As in groundwater. There are obvious differences in the toxicity of different forms of As. The toxic of As(Ⅲ) is far more than As(V), which is considered to be more toxic than methyl arsenate(MMA) and dimethyl arsenate(DMA). Inorganic As entering the body is metabolized through a combination of methylation(detoxification) and reduction(activation) and catalyzed by a series of methyltransferases and reductases. At present, remediation methods for high-As groundwater mainly include ion exchange technology, membrane filtration technology, biological treatment technology, nanocomposite adsorption technology, electrochemical technology, and so on. All the above remediation methods still have certain limitations, and it is urgent to develop treatment materials and technical means with stronger As removal performance and sustainability. With the joint efforts of scientists and governments of various countries in the future, this worldwide problem of drinking-water As poisoning will be solved as soon as possible. This paper systematically summarizes and discusses the hot research results of natural high-As groundwater, which could provide a reference for the related research of high-As groundwater in China and even the world.
