Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of adult A. glabripennis (Motsch.) to volatiles from ashleaf maple (Acer negundo L.) were investigated to identify semiochemicals involved in host location. Measurable ele...Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of adult A. glabripennis (Motsch.) to volatiles from ashleaf maple (Acer negundo L.) were investigated to identify semiochemicals involved in host location. Measurable electroantennogram (BAG) responses were elicited to all compounds tested, the most effective antennal stimulants were trans-2-hexen-1-al,decyl aldehyde and trans-2-hexenl-ol.These profiles were similar between males and females. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, above three compounds with certain concentration, trans-2-hexen-l-al (1%), trans-2-hexen-l-ol (1%) and decyl aldehyde (10%), were significantly attractive to the adults in laboratory. The results show that either BAG or olfactory responding to a particular volatile compound are markedly influenced by the concentration.展开更多
在北京的白皮松Pinus bungeana、桧柏Juniperus chinensis和龙柏J.chinensis‘Kaizuca’上发现了一种椿象,刺吸寄主植物针叶或嫩枝。这是一种北京新记录的外来有害生物,为原产于北美洲的西部喙缘蝽Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann,...在北京的白皮松Pinus bungeana、桧柏Juniperus chinensis和龙柏J.chinensis‘Kaizuca’上发现了一种椿象,刺吸寄主植物针叶或嫩枝。这是一种北京新记录的外来有害生物,为原产于北美洲的西部喙缘蝽Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann,1910。本文记述了西部喙缘蝽的形态特征、寄主植物、发生与为害情况。展开更多
Applied research on host-plant resistance to arthropod pests has been guided over the past 60 years by a framework originally developed by Reginald Painter in his 1951 book, Insect Resistance in Crop Plants. Painter d...Applied research on host-plant resistance to arthropod pests has been guided over the past 60 years by a framework originally developed by Reginald Painter in his 1951 book, Insect Resistance in Crop Plants. Painter divided the ＂phenomena＂ of resistance into three ＂mechanisms,＂ nonpreference （later renamed antixenosis）, antibiosis, and tolerance. The weaknesses of this framework are discussed. In particular, this trichotomous framework does not encompass all known mechanisms of resistance, and the antixenosis and antibiosis categories are ambiguous and inseparable in practice. These features have perhaps led to a simplistic approach to understanding arthropod resistance in crop plants. A dichotomous scheme is proposed as a replacement, with a major division between resistance （plant traits that limit injury to the plant） and tolerance （plant traits that reduce amount of yield loss per unit injury）, and the resistance category subdivided into constitutive/inducible and direct/indirect subcategories. The most important benefits of adopting this dichotomous scheme are to more closely align the basic and applied literatures on plant resistance and to encourage a more mechanistic approach to studying plant resistance in crop plants. A more mechanistic approach will be needed to develop novel approaches for integrating plant resistance into pest management programs.展开更多
基金Fund of China's National "863" Project(Grant No.2001AA249071)the"Tenth-Five-Year Plan"National Key Project(Grant No.2001BA509B0903)
文摘Electrophysiological and behavioral responses of adult A. glabripennis (Motsch.) to volatiles from ashleaf maple (Acer negundo L.) were investigated to identify semiochemicals involved in host location. Measurable electroantennogram (BAG) responses were elicited to all compounds tested, the most effective antennal stimulants were trans-2-hexen-1-al,decyl aldehyde and trans-2-hexenl-ol.These profiles were similar between males and females. In Y-tube olfactometer bioassays, above three compounds with certain concentration, trans-2-hexen-l-al (1%), trans-2-hexen-l-ol (1%) and decyl aldehyde (10%), were significantly attractive to the adults in laboratory. The results show that either BAG or olfactory responding to a particular volatile compound are markedly influenced by the concentration.
文摘在北京的白皮松Pinus bungeana、桧柏Juniperus chinensis和龙柏J.chinensis‘Kaizuca’上发现了一种椿象,刺吸寄主植物针叶或嫩枝。这是一种北京新记录的外来有害生物,为原产于北美洲的西部喙缘蝽Leptoglossus occidentalis Heidemann,1910。本文记述了西部喙缘蝽的形态特征、寄主植物、发生与为害情况。
文摘Applied research on host-plant resistance to arthropod pests has been guided over the past 60 years by a framework originally developed by Reginald Painter in his 1951 book, Insect Resistance in Crop Plants. Painter divided the ＂phenomena＂ of resistance into three ＂mechanisms,＂ nonpreference （later renamed antixenosis）, antibiosis, and tolerance. The weaknesses of this framework are discussed. In particular, this trichotomous framework does not encompass all known mechanisms of resistance, and the antixenosis and antibiosis categories are ambiguous and inseparable in practice. These features have perhaps led to a simplistic approach to understanding arthropod resistance in crop plants. A dichotomous scheme is proposed as a replacement, with a major division between resistance （plant traits that limit injury to the plant） and tolerance （plant traits that reduce amount of yield loss per unit injury）, and the resistance category subdivided into constitutive/inducible and direct/indirect subcategories. The most important benefits of adopting this dichotomous scheme are to more closely align the basic and applied literatures on plant resistance and to encourage a more mechanistic approach to studying plant resistance in crop plants. A more mechanistic approach will be needed to develop novel approaches for integrating plant resistance into pest management programs.
