Effects of mesenchymal stem cell on dopaminergic neurons,motor and memory functions in animal models of Parkinson's disease:a systematic review and meta-analysis

Parkinson’s disease is chara cterized by the loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars com pacta,and although restoring striatal dopamine levels may improve symptoms,no treatment can cure or reve rse the disease itself.Stem cell therapy has a regenerative effect and is being actively studied as a candidate for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease.Mesenchymal stem cells are considered a promising option due to fewer ethical concerns,a lower risk of immune rejection,and a lower risk of teratogenicity.We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem cells and their derivatives on motor function,memory,and preservation of dopamine rgic neurons in a Parkinson’s disease animal model.We searched bibliographic databases(PubMed/MEDLINE,Embase,CENTRAL,Scopus,and Web of Science)to identify articles and included only pee r-reviewed in vivo interve ntional animal studies published in any language through J une 28,2023.The study utilized the random-effect model to estimate the 95%confidence intervals(CI)of the standard mean differences(SMD)between the treatment and control groups.We use the systematic review center for laboratory animal expe rimentation’s risk of bias tool and the collaborative approach to meta-analysis and review of animal studies checklist for study quality assessment.A total of 33studies with data from 840 Parkinson’s disease model animals were included in the meta-analysis.Treatment with mesenchymal stem cells significantly improved motor function as assessed by the amphetamine-induced rotational test.Among the stem cell types,the bone marrow MSCs with neurotrophic factor group showed la rgest effect size(SMD[95%CI]=-6.21[-9.50 to-2.93],P=0.0001,I^(2)=0.0%).The stem cell treatment group had significantly more tyrosine hydroxylase positive dopamine rgic neurons in the striatum([95%CI]=1.04[0.59 to 1.49],P=0.0001,I^(2)=65.1%)and substantia nigra(SMD[95%CI]=1.38[0.89 to 1.87],P=0.0001,I^(2)=75.3%),indicating a protective effect on dopaminergic neurons.Subgroup analysis of the amphetamine-induced rotation test showed a significant reduction only in the intracranial-striatum route(SMD[95%CI]=-2.59[-3.25 to-1.94],P=0.0001,I^(2)=74.4%).The memory test showed significant improvement only in the intravenous route(SMD[95%CI]=4.80[1.84 to 7.76],P=0.027,I^(2)=79.6%).Mesenchymal stem cells have been shown to positively impact motor function and memory function and protect dopaminergic neurons in preclinical models of Parkinson’s disease.Further research is required to determine the optimal stem cell types,modifications,transplanted cell numbe rs,and delivery methods for these protocols.

A Model of Grand Unified Theory: Suggested Solution for CP-Violation Using Ideas of Phase Paths

This study demonstrates that beyond standard model (BSM) cosmic fundamental interactions—weak, strong, and electromagnetic forces—can be unified through a common basis of representation. This unification allows for the derivation of the fine structure constant with running points of α(t) ≈ 1/(136.9038) at high energy scales, based on electroweak interactions. Through the application of the Ising model, the running point of the elementary charge e at high energy scales is determined, and Coulomb’s law is actually derived from the Yukawa potential. Theoretically, based on S. Weinberg’s electroweak interaction theory, this study unifies the strong and electromagnetic forces by representing them with rYuka, and further advances the reconstruction of the SU(3)C×SU(1)L×U(1)EMframework on the basis of electroweak interaction concepts. In fact, the cosmic fundamental forces can interchange at the mass gap, defined as the Yukawa turning phase at rYuka ≃1.9404 fm, with the SU(3)Diag structural constant fijk on glueballs calculated, estimating a spectrum mass gap of ∆0 > 0.

Evaluating the role of large language models in inflammatory bowel disease patient information

This letter evaluates the article by Gravina et al on ChatGPT’s potential in providing medical information for inflammatory bowel disease patients.While promising,it highlights the need for advanced techniques like reasoning+action and retrieval-augmented generation to improve accuracy and reliability.Emphasizing that simple question and answer testing is insufficient,it calls for more nuanced evaluation methods to truly gauge large language models’capabilities in clinical applications.

Solving the Olbers’s Paradox, Explaining the “Red-Shift”, and Challenging the Relativities by “Sun Matters Theory” and “Sun Model of Universe”, an Evolution of the Einstein’s Static Universe Model

Olbers’s paradox, known as the dark night paradox, is an argument in astrophysics that the darkness of the night sky conflicts with the assumption of an infinite and eternal static universe. Big-Bang theory was used to partially explain this paradox, while introducing new problems. Hereby, we propose a better theory, named Sun Matters Theory, to explain this paradox. Moreover, this unique theory supports and extended the Einstein’s static universe model proposed by Albert Einstein in 1917. Further, we proposed our new universe model, “Sun Model of Universe”. Based on the new model and novel theory, we generated innovative field equation by upgrading Einstein’s Field Equation through adding back the cosmological constant, introducing a new variable and modifying the gravitationally-related concepts. According to the Sun Model of Universe, the dark matter and dark energy comprise the so-called “Sun Matters”. The observed phenomenon like the red shift is explained as due to the interaction of ordinary light with Sun Matters leading to its energy and frequency decrease. In Sun Model, our big universe consists of many universes with ordinary matter at the core mixed and surrounded with the Sun Matters. In those universes, the laws of physics may be completely or partially different from that of our ordinary universe with parallel civilizations. The darkness of night can be easily explained as resulting from the interaction of light with the Sun Matters leading to the sharp decrease in the light intensity. Sun Matters also scatter the light from a star, which makes it shining as observed by Hubble. Further, there is a kind of Sun Matters named “Sun Waters”, surrounding every starts. When lights pass by the sun, the Sun Waters deflect the lights to bend the light path. According to the Sun Model, it is the light bent not the space bent that was proposed in the theory of relativities.

Hubble Tension Explanation from This Cosmological Model AΛΩ (Slow Bang Model, SB)

In this article we present a model of Hubble-Lemaître law using the notions of a transmitter (galaxy) and a receiver (MW) coupled to a model of the universe (Slow Bang Model, SB), based on a quantum approach of the evolution of space-time as well as an equation of state that retains all the infinitesimal terms. We find an explanation of the Hubble tension H0. Indeed, we have seen that this constant depends on the transceiver pair which can vary from the lowest observable value, from photons of the CMB (theoretical [km/s/Mpc]) to increasingly higher values depending on the earlier origin of the formation of the observed galaxy or cluster (ETG ~0.3 [Gy], ~74 [km/s/Mpc]). We have produced a theoretical table of the values of the constant according to the possible pairs of transmitter/receiver in the case where these galaxies follow the Hubble flow without large disturbance. The calculated theoretical values of the constant are in the order of magnitude of all values mentioned in past studies. Subsequently, we applied the models to 9 galaxies and COMA cluster and found that the models predict acceptable values of their distances and Hubble constant since these galaxies mainly follow the Hubble flow rather than the effects of a galaxy cluster or a group of clusters. In conclusion, we affirm that this Hubble tension does not really exist and it is rather the understanding of the meaning of this constant that is questioned.

线上与线下消费均衡分析——基于扩展的Hotelling模型

基于扩展的Hotelling线性城市模型,构建一个线上与线下消费均衡分析的理论框架有利于推动线上和线下消费深度融合。研究发现:时间成本和距离成本是线上消费和线下消费共存的原因;纳入时间成本函数后,线下需求会随着线上消费花费的时间增加而增多;线下需求的服务体验成本具有正向弹性,但是弹性大小受到相关参数的综合影响;线下服务差异越大,则线下需求价格弹性越小。

Analysis of Porter’s Five Forces Competitive Model in China’s Property Rights Trading Market

In recent years,China’s property rights trading market has been extremely competitive,but there are also new contradictions and challenges.This paper aims to analyze the external and internal competitive market of the property rights market through Porter’s five forces competition model,then find out the problems and defects in the development,thereby promoting the better development and progress of China’s property rights trading market.

具有Stackelberg博弈和网络外部性的扩展Hotelling模型

在具有不对称网络外部性的Hotelling模型中,引入Stackelberg博弈价格均衡。在放松厂商定位必须局限于消费者分布空间的假设后,相比较于传统的Nash博弈价格均衡结果,厂商通过Stackelberg价格博弈中可以选择更大的产品差异性,市场先进入者在均衡价格、市场份额和利润方面比后进入者具有先动优势。当网络效用系数相同时,市场先进入者所获得价格、市场份额和利润都大于其Nash均衡时所获得结果;市场后进入者所获得市场份额小于其Nash均衡的结果,但其价格和利润则根据网络效用系数的不同而变化。

高压管汇材料疲劳性能测试及P-S-N模型曲线的拟合

高压管汇作为压裂设备中的主要易损件之一,其失效危害较大。它的失效原因主要是疲劳、冲蚀、腐蚀或者材料缺陷引起的刺漏和爆裂,其中尤以疲劳失效最不可预估。目前,对于高压管汇材料的疲劳性能研究不够深入,为解决高压管汇材料疲劳寿命的准确描述问题,以某国产高压管汇材料为例,进行了一系列疲劳试验,并基于试验数据,采用多种分布模型和不同S-N模型进行拟合分析,得出综合评价拟合能力最强的P-S-N模型。结果表明,该材料在中长疲劳寿命区,Weibull三参数模型在7级应力水平下综合评价能力最好;在存活率分别为50%、90%、99%、99.9%时,指数S-N模型的拟合系数均大于0.98,拟合能力最好。得出的P-S-N模型曲线可以为高压管汇的疲劳寿命以及安全设计提供依据。

深水采油树Spring-Seal密封圈接触模型构建与实验测试

为提高深水采油树在高压、高温、低温等工况下长时间工作的稳定性,对采油树密封圈进行重新设计,提出Spring-Seal密封圈(以下简称S密封圈);基于赫兹接触理论、填料密封接触理论,重新构建S密封圈接触力学模型;建立有限元仿真分析模型,分析不同条件下S密封圈的密封性能,同时验证新建接触模型的合理性;利用实验测试S密封圈的实际密封效果。研究结果表明:S密封圈在高压、高温、低温等工况下能够长时间稳定工作且密封性能良好。研究结果可为S密封圈的接触研究及工程运用提供理论参考。

基于Hotelling模型的电机以旧换新模式及定价策略研究

为了提高电机迭代,吸引消费者主动参与逆向物流,文中基于Hotelling模型,构建由零售商和第三方平台组成的双渠道供应链,同时引入消费者价格敏感度,研究不同供应链主导者模式下最优以旧换新价格及消费者的渠道偏好。研究表明:单位距离成本增加,零售商和第三方平台与消费者博弈选择提高以旧换新价格,单位距离成本对消费者零售商渠道选择具有负影响,因此零售商还需考虑选址问题;只有当消费者价格敏感度之差较小,单位距离成本较大时,消费者偏好才会处于双方均衡的状态,反之,消费者会明显偏好于零售商渠道;零售商作为供应链主导者时,供应链总体利润最高,此时消费者对零售商和第三方平台偏好相当,市场处于稳定状态。文中的研究结论对电机迭代供应链具有一定的指导意义。

基于Hotelling模型品牌效应视域下传统在位企业和跨界数字企业的竞争策略研究

针对数字经济对传统经济的冲击,构建了一个传统在位企业和一个跨界数字企业之间的竞争模型,并讨论在位企业和数字企业的博弈均衡策略。研究发现,品牌延伸是数字企业跨界入市的占优策略。面对跨界入市的数字企业,传统在位企业议价能力较低时,应根据新产品价值、与原产品和数字企业产品的相似度选择以品牌延伸或新品牌方式推出新产品参与竞争;否则应根据数字企业产品价值的高、低水平依次选择并存式、冷藏式的收购策略更优。

酒店与民宿的服务质量要素属性比较研究--整合SERQUAL和Kano模型

目前,住宿业服务质量研究多集中在体系构建和影响因素研究,对住宿业及其业态在服务质量要素的深入认识方面不足。文章以SERVQUAL模型量表为基础,借助Kano模型对酒店和民宿两种业态的服务质量要素的属性进行实证分析。结果显示:(1)民宿与酒店服务质量指标属性一致化情况仅为36.36%,差异化却达63.64%,指标属性差异大。(2)酒店与民宿中最能增加满意度的指标均集中在完备的服务设施方面,属于有形性维度。同时二者最能消除不满意的指标虽不一致,但是都属于可靠性维度。(3)酒店服务质量指标属性中较为突出的必备属性和魅力属性,二者占比高于民宿中的占比,而民宿服务质量指标属性中较为突出的是必备属性和无差异属性。对各业态服务质量指标属性的划分,深化了服务质量的认识,并为改进提供了方向。同时,进一步挖掘与各属性相对应的消费者相关需求,针对不同业态服务质量指标属性的特征,在形成细分市场的基础上为满足消费者需求偏好开辟了道路。

D-S理论和Markov链组合的桥梁性能退化预测研究

为准确预测桥梁性能退化,考虑到数据随机性和微小扰动发生状态跳跃,提出了一种D-S(Dempster-Shafer)证据理论和Markov链组合的桥梁性能退化组合预测模型和性能退化率的概念.该模型基于指数平滑(exponential smoothing,ES)方法获得新的预测数据序列,并利用Markov链和D-S理论不断进行优化,从而实现桥梁性能退化的组合预测.实际工程的应用结果表明:性能退化率可以直观地表征在梁性能退化的速度.其次,该模型的平均相对误差为1.54%,较于回归、灰色和模糊加权Markov链模型,精度分别提高了1.11%,0.88%和2.8%,而后验差比值为0.242,小于0.35;模型的标准差为9.021,相比其他模型分别减小了3.978,3.405和7.500,而变异系数为0.109,均小于其他模型,验证了组合预测模型在精度和稳定性方面的优越性,可为在役桥梁结构性能退化预测与维护提供理论基础.

基于量子衍生涡流算法和T⁃S模糊推理模型的储层岩性识别

鉴于梯度下降法易陷入局部极值、普通群智能优化算法易早熟收敛,提出一种基于量子衍生涡流算法(Quantum Vortex Search Algorithm,QVSA)和T⁃S模糊推理模型的岩性识别方法,QVSA具有操作简单、收敛速度快、寻优能力强等优点,有助于T⁃S模糊推理模型获得最优参数配置,从而实现储层岩性的准确识别。首先利用具有全局搜索能力的QVSA优化T⁃S模糊推理模型的各种参数;然后利用主成分分析方法降低获取的地震属性维度;再利用优化的T⁃S模糊推理模型识别储层岩性。实验结果表明,利用反映储层特征的8个地震属性识别储层岩性时,所提方法的识别正确率达到92%,比普通BP网络方法高5.1%,同时查准率、查全率、F1分数等指标也较BP网络方法提升明显。

基于S变换模能量分析的直流电缆故障测距

针对现有高压直流电缆故障定位方法故障定位精度低、定位模型泛化能力差等问题,文中在考虑电缆故障后故障点产生的暂态信号中含有丰富的故障信息的特征,提出一种时频域能量分析的故障测距方法。该方法利用多分类支持向量机(SVM)的特性构建直流电缆故障定位模型,利用直流电缆相模解耦矩阵对电缆电气量解耦,并采用S变换进行时频域变换,将得到的模量构造模能量,将其作为样本对SVM模型训练。实验结果表明,所提方法对于不同故障类型在不同过渡电阻及不同位置故障下均可进行准确测距。

基于S-O-R模型的视觉营销对消费者购买意愿的影响研究——以红色文创网店为例

为提高红色文创网店的点击转化率,文章从消费者视角出发,研究影响消费者购买意愿的视觉因素。基于S-O-R模型理论,构建红色文创网店视觉营销对消费者购买意愿因素的理论模型。利用S-O-R模型分析了红色文创网店视觉营销中的商品形象、界面形象以及品牌视觉形象对顾客感知价值及顾客购买意向的影响。通过设计量表和调查问卷进行实证研究,并结合结构方程模型加以论证,得出品牌视觉形象和界面形象是影响消费者购买意愿的关键因素,为设计师和红色文创品牌进行网店设计提供了一定的理论参考和建议。

S-T-S混合式循环互助教学模式用于少学时“化工原理”课程

“化工原理”课程是化工及相关专业的专业基础课程,相关专业的学时少,课程难,需重点解决的问题是“三多”“三不愿”“三不明”。针对痛点问题,提出了线上线下混合式循环互助的创新设计思路,包括:教师帮助学生自制课前、课中、课后习题,学生帮助教师反馈真实学习情况,学生帮助学生组团互助学习。问卷调查和评教结果显示,在一定程度上解决了“三多”“三不愿”的问题;通过建立“助教团队”反馈不同层次学生的学习情况,较好地解决了“三不明”的问题。学生的成绩与教改前相比有明显提高。

U-G-S模式下现代大学附属学校建设的路径思考

U-G-S(大学-政府-学校)三方联动是上海师范大学近年来建设现代大学附属学校的主要模式,上海师范大学、各区政府与中小学校高效协同合作,发挥各方优势,主动服务上海市政府建设“五个新城”的城市战略,办老百姓家门口的好学校。大学附属学校分为挂牌学校和新建学校两种类型,研究从内在机制、实践路径和建设成效三个方面对两类学校的变革发展进行深度剖析,以期为大学附属学校建设提供宝贵经验。

Outlook of PINK1/Parkin signaling in molecular etiology of Parkinson's disease,with insights into Pink1 knockout models

Parkinson’s disease(PD)relates to defective mitochondrial quality control in the dopaminergic motor network.Genetic studies have revealed that PINK1 and Parkin mutations are indicative of a heightened propensity to PD onset,pinpointing mitophagy and inflammation as the culprit pathways involved in neuronal loss in the substantia nigra(SNpc).In a reciprocal manner,LRRK2 functions in the regulation of basal flux and inflammatory responses responsible for PINK1/Parkin-dependent mitophagy activation.Pharmacological intervention in these diseasemodifying pathways may facilitate the development of novel PD therapeutics,despite the current lack of an established drug evaluation model.As such,we reviewed the feasibility of employing the versatile global Pink1knockout(KO)rat model as a self-sufficient,spontaneous PD model for investigating both disease etiology and drug pharmacology.These rats retain clinical features encompassing basal mitophagic flux changes with PD progression.We demonstrate the versatility of this PD rat model based on the incorporation of additional experimental insults to recapitulate the proinflammatory responses observed in PD patients.