Coseismic Coulomb stress changes induced by a 2020-2021 M_(W)>7.0 Alaska earthquake sequence in and around the Shumagin gap and its influence on the Alaska-Aleutian subduction interface

Three M_(W)>7.0 earthquakes in 2020-2021 occurred in the Shumagin seismic gap and its adjacent area of the Alaska-Aleutian subduction zone,including the Mw7.8 Simeonof thrust earthquake on July 22,2020,the M_(W)7.6 Sand Point strike-slip earthquake on October 19,2020,and the M_(W)8.2 Chignik thrust earthquake on July 29,2021.The spatial and temporal proximity of these three earthquakes prompts us to probe stress-triggering effects among them.Here we examine the coseismic Coulomb stress change imparted by the three earthquakes and their influence on the subduction interface.Our results show that:(1)The Simeonof earthquake has strong loading effects on the subsequent Sand Point and Chignik earthquakes,with the Coulomb stress changes of 3.95 bars and 2.89 bars,respectively.The Coulomb stress change caused by the Sand Point earthquake at the hypocenter of the Chignik earthquake is merely around 0.01 bars,suggesting the negligible triggering effect on the latter earthquake;(2)The triggering effects of the Simeonof,Sand Point,and Chignik earthquakes on aftershocks within three months are not well pronounced because of the triggering rates of 38%,14%,and 43%respectively.Other factors may have played an important role in promoting the occurrence of these aftershocks,such as the roughness of the subduction interface,the complicated velocity structure of the lithosphere,and the heterogeneous prestress therein;(3)The three earthquakes caused remarkable coseismic Coulomb stress changes at the subduction interface nearby these mainshocks,with an average Coulomb stress change of 3.2 bars in the shallow region directly inwards the trench.

The Creative Design Research of Product Appearance Based on Human-machine Interaction and Interface

Today’s product creative design has rendered many fe atures and has brought a great change in our everyday life, there are many new c hallenges in its traditional theory and principle. According to the traditional design theory, the FBS design model pays more attention to the function and stru cture of the product. But this model still couldn’t strengthen the relation bet ween product appearance design and human-machine design effectively. This paper adopt converse design thinking and presents an improved design thinking methodo logy based on C: FBS for product appearance design and give a general summarizat ion for the features, methods and technology based on human-machine interaction and interface. Meanwhile it also combines with the behavior design of product r elated IT fields and constructs a new outline to improve the design of product a ppearance supported by the technology of computer aided design. So the new metho d about design thinking for computer aided design, the new abstract product design model and the key problem of design thinking based on human-machine inte raction and interface are addressed in this paper. This kind of creative design theory that is driven by human-machine interaction and interface will help the development of CAD software system and the research of product design and manufa cture. Additionally, this paper gives some beneficial characters to address the theory based on human-machine interaction and interface. Meanwhile, combining with the developing of computer technology, the trends of design thinking based on t he technology of human-machine interaction and interface are also analyzed and discussed at the end of this paper.

A Study of Electromyogram Based on Human-Computer Interface

In this paper, a new control system based on forearm electromyogram （EMG） is proposed for computer peripheral control and artificial prosthesis control. This control system intends to realize the commands of six pre-defined hand poses： up, down, left, right, yes, and no. In order to research the possibility of using a unified amplifier for both electroencephalogram （EEG） and EMG, the surface forearm EMG data is acquired by a 4-channel EEG measurement system. The Bayesian classifier is used to classify the power spectral density （PSD） of the signal. The experiment result verifies that this control system can supply a high command recognition rate （average 48%） even the EMG data is collected with an EEG system just with single electrode measurement.

Human-Robot Interface for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle via a Leap Motion

The unmanned aircraft vehicles industry is in the ascendant while traditional interaction ways for an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)are not intuitive enough.It is difficult for a beginner to control a UAV,therefore natural interaction methods are preferred.This paper presents a novel interactive control method for a UAV through operator's gesture,and explores the natural interaction method for the UAV.The proposed system uses the leap motion controller as an input device acquiring the gesture position and orientation data.It is found that the proposed human-robot interface can track the movement of the operator with satisfactory accuracy.The biggest advantage of the proposed method is its capability to control the UAV by just one hand instead of a joystick.A series of experiments verified the feasibility of the proposed human-robot interface.The results demonstrate that non-professional operators can easily operate a remote UAV by just using this system.

The diffusive fluxes of inorganic nitrogen across the intertidal sediment-water interface of the Changjiang Estuary in China

Ammonium and nitrate concentrations were analyzed in near-bottom water and pore water collected from ten stations of the intertidal flat of the Changjiang Estuary during April, July, November and February. The magnitudes of the benthic exchange fluxes were determined on the basis of concentration gradients of ammonium and nitrate at the near-bottom water and interstitial water interface in combination with calculations of a modified Fick＇ s first law. Ammonium fluxes varied from - 5.05 to 1.43 μg/（ cm^2·d） and were greatly regulated by the production of ammonium in surface sediments, while nitrate fluxes ranged from - 0. 38 to 1.36 μg/ （ cm^2·d） and were dominated by nitrate concentrations in the tidal water. It was found that ammonium was mainly released from sediments into water columns at most of stations whereas nitrate was mostly diffused from overlying waters to intertidal sediments. In total, 823.75 t/a ammonium-N was passed from intertidal sediments to water while about 521.90 t/a nitrate-N was removed from overlying waters to intertidal sediments. This suggests that intertidal sediments had the significant influence on modulating inorganic nitrogen in the tidal water.

Development of a human computer Interface system using EOG

Bio-based human computer interface (HCI) has attracted more and more attention of researches all over the world in recent years. In this paper, a HCI system which based on electrooculogram (EOG) is proposed. It transforms electrical po-tentials recorded by horizontal and vertical EOG into a computer in order to control external equipment. The system consists of EOG acqui-sition unit, EOG pattern recognition part and control command output unit. Three plane elec-trodes are employed to detect EOG signals, which contain the information related to the eye blinking and vertical (or horizontal) eye move-ments referred to pre-designed command table. An online signal processing algorithm is de-signed to get the command information con-tained in EOG signals, and these commands could be used to control the computer or other instruments. Based on this HCI system, the remote control experiments driven by EOG are realized.

Human Friendly Interface Design for Virtual Fitting Room Applications on Android Based Mobile Devices

This paper presents an image processing design flow for virtual fitting room (VFR) applications, targeting both personal computers and mobile devices. The proposed human friendly interface is implemented by a three-stage algorithm: Detection and sizing of the user's body, detection of reference points based on face detection and augmented reality markers, and superimposition of the clothing over the user's image. Compared to other existing VFR systems, key difference is the lack of any proprietary hardware components or peripherals. Proposed VFR is software based and designed to be universally compatible as long as the device has a camera. Furthermore, JAVA implementation on Android based mobile systems is computationally efficient and it can run in real-time on existing mobile devices.

MiR-142-3p Regulates ILC1s by Targeting HMGB1 via the NF-κB Pathway in a Mouse Model of Early Pregnancy Loss

Objective Innate lymphoid cells(ILCs)are a class of newly discovered immunocytes.Group 1 ILCs(ILC1s)are identified in the decidua of humans and mice.High mobility group box 1(HMGB1)is predicted to be one of the target genes of miR-142-3p,which is closely related to pregnancy-related diseases.Furthermore,miR-142-3p and HMGB1 are involved in regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway.This study aimed to examine the regulatory effect of miR-142-3p on ILC1s and the underlying mechanism involving HMGB1 and the NF-κB signaling pathway.Methods Mouse models of normal pregnancy and abortion were constructed,and the alterations of ILC1s,miR-142-3p,ILC1 transcription factor(T-bet),and pro-inflammatory cytokines of ILC1s(TNF-α,IFN-γand IL-2)were detected in mice from different groups.The targeting regulation of HMGB1 by miR-142-3p in ILC1s,and the expression of HMGB1 in normal pregnant mice and abortive mice were investigated.In addition,the regulatory effects of miR-142-3p and HMGB1 on ILC1s were detected in vitro by CCK-8,Annexin-V/PI,ELISA,and RT-PCR,respectively.Furthermore,changes of the NF-κB signaling pathway in ILC1s were examined in the different groups.For the in vivo studies,miR-142-3p-Agomir was injected in the uterus of abortive mice to evaluate the abortion rate and alterations of ILC1s at the maternal-fetal interface,and further detect the expression of HMGB1,pro-inflammatory cytokines,and the NF-κB signaling pathway.Results The number of ILC1s was significantly increased,the level of HMGB1 was significantly upregulated,and that of miR-142-3p was considerably downregulated in the abortive mice as compared with the normal pregnant mice(all P<0.05).In addition,miR-142-3p was found to drastically inhibit the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway(P<0.05).The number of ILC1s and the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines were significantly downregulated and the activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway was inhibited in the miR-142-3p Agomir group(all P<0.05).Conclusion miR-142-3p can regulate ILC1s by targeting HMGB1 via the NF-κB signaling pathway,and attenuate the inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface in abortive mice.

基于眼动追踪和触觉反馈的人-多机器人班组交互系统

针对在动态复杂、非结构化的场景中缺乏自然、高效人机交互方式的问题,提出了一种基于眼动追踪和触觉反馈的人多机器人班组交互系统,用于管理由多机器人和人组成的团队。该系统利用混合现实头盔在现实世界中叠加虚拟交互界面,操作员通过基于凝视信号的非语言注意力感知的输入方法进行人机交互指令的输入,进而控制多机器人进行协同运动,同时操作员通过振动和挤压2种触觉反馈模态来感知多机器人系统编队队形的尺寸变化与编队完成状态。为了验证人机交互系统的有效性与可行性,设计了触觉反馈实验与人多机器人班组交互系统实验,实验结果表明:所提出的基于眼动追踪和触觉反馈的人机交互系统能有效控制多机器人系统进行编队,指令执行成功率达93.3%,与仅通过视觉反馈相比,在有触觉反馈的情况下操作员可以使用更少的时间完成多机器人状态感知,交互效率提高了14.55%。

Adaptive neuro-fuzzy interface system for gap acceptance behavior of right-turning vehicles at partially controlled T-intersections

Gap acceptance theory is broadly used for evaluating unsignalized intersections in developed coun tries. Intersections with no specific priority to any move ment, known as uncontrolled intersections, are common in India. Limited priority is observed at a few intersections, where priorities are perceived by drivers based on geom etry, traffic volume, and speed on the approaches of intersection. Analyzing such intersections is complex because the overall traffic behavior is the result of drivers, vehicles, and traffic flow characteristics. Fuzzy theory has been widely used to analyze similar situations. This paper describes the application of adaptive neurofuzzy interface system （ANFIS） to the modeling of gap acceptance behavior of rightturning vehicles at limited priority Tintersections （in India, vehicles are driven on the left side of a road）. Field data are collected using video cameras at four Tintersections having limited priority. The data extracted include gap/lag, subject vehicle type, conflicting vehicle type, and driver＇s decision （accepted/rejected）. ANFIS models are developed by using 80 % of the extracted data （total data observations for major road right turning vehicles are 722 and 1,066 for minor road right turning vehicles） and remaining are used for model vali dation. Four different combinations of input variables are considered for major and minor road right turnings sepa rately. Correct prediction by ANFIS models ranges from 75.17 % to 82.16 % for major road right turning and 87.20 % to 88.62 % for minor road right turning. Themodels developed in this paper can be used in the dynamic estimation of gap acceptance in traffic simulation models.

Rough set based multi-agent system cooperation for industrial supervisory interface system

In this paper, rough set theory is introduced into the interface multi-agent system （MAS） for industrial supervisory system. Taking advantages of rough set in data mining, a cooperation model for MAS is built. Rules for avoiding cooperation conflict are deduced. An optimization algorithm is used to enhance security and real time attributes of the system. An application based on the proposed algorithm and rules are given.

Dislocation stability in three-phase nanocomposites with imperfect interface

Interface imperfection can significantly affect the mechanical properties and failure mechanisms as well as the strength and toughness of nanocomposites. The elastic behavior of a screw dislocation in nanoscale coating with imperfect interface is studied in the three-phase composite cylinder model. The interface between inner nanoin- homogeneity and intermediate coating is assumed as perfectly bonded. The bonding between intermediate coating and outer matrix is considered to be imperfect with the assumption that interface imperfection is uniform, and a linear spring model is adopted to describe the weakness of imperfect interface. The explicit expression for image force acting on dislocation is obtained by means of a complex variable method. The analytic results indicate that inner interface effect and outer interface imperfection, simultaneously taken into account, would influence greatly image force, equilibrium position and stability of dislocation, and various critical parameters that would change dislocation stability. The weaker interface is a very strong trap for glide dislocation and, thus, a more effective barrier for slip transmission.

Intelligent Interfaces: Pedagogical Agents and Virtual Humans

Little by little, we are entering the new era, intelligent interfaces are absorbing us more and more every day, and artificial intelligence makes its presence in a stealthy way. Virtual humans that represent an evolution of autonomous virtual agents;they are computer programs and in the future capable of carrying out different activities in certain environments. They will give the illusion of being human;they will have a body, and they will be immersed in an environment. They will have a set of senses that will allow them: 1) Sensations and therefore associated expressions;2) Communication;3) Learning;4) Remembering events, among others. By integrating the above, they will have a personality and autonomy, so they will be able to plan with respect to objectives;allowing them to decide and take actions with their body, in other words, they will count on awareness. The applications will be focused on environments that they will inhabit, or as interfaces that will interact with other systems. The application domains will be multiple;one of them being education. This article shows the design of OANNA like an avatar with the role of pedagogical agent. It was modeled as an affective-cognitive structure related to the teaching-learning process linked to a pedagogical agent that represents the interface of an artilect. OANNA, has the necessary animations for intervention within the teaching-learning process.

Materials Design on the Origin of Gap States in a High-κ/GaAs Interface

Given the demand for constantly scaling micro- electronic devices to ever smaller dimensions, a SiO2 gate dielectric was substituted with a higher dielectric-constant material, Hf（Zr）O2, in order to minimize current leakage through dielectric thin film. However, upon interfacing with high dielectric constant （high-κ） dielectrics, the electron mobility in the conventional Si channel degrades due to Coulomb scattering, surface-roughness scattering, remotephonon scattering, and dielectric-charge trapping.Ⅲ-Ⅴ and Ge are two promising candidates with superior mobility over Si. Nevertheless, Hf（Zr）O2/Ⅲ-Ⅴ（Ge） has much more complicated interface bonding than Si-based interfaces. Successful fabrication of a high-quality device critically depends on understanding and engineering the bonding configurations at Hf（Zr）O2/Ⅲ-Ⅴ（Ge） interfaces for the optimal design of device interfaces. Thus, an accurate atomic insight into the interface bonding and mechanism of interface gap states formation becomes essential. Here, we utilize first- principle calculations to investigate the interface between HfO2 and GaAs. Our study shows that As--As dimer bonding, Ga partial oxidation （between 3＋ and 1＋） and Ga- dangling bonds constitute the major contributions to gap states. These findings provide insightful guidance for optimum interface passivation.

界面的再造:形塑社会的深度媒介化——以GPT-4和Sora等生成式大模型为例

随着生成式AI技术在近年来的飞速跃迁,人工智能正在颠覆性地改变传统的媒介生态,并推动社会的媒介化进程不断深入。为了深入探讨智能媒介在当下技术环境中呈现出的“形塑力”和社会意义,需要结合“媒介界面”的理论视角来深入分析。智能传播时代媒介界面的再造分为三个不同层次:人机交互界面、场景连接界面和产业协同界面。三个不同层次的界面指涉了社会深度媒介化过程中涵盖的新意涵,包括对“对主体自由度的拓展”“对认知边界的突破”以及“对产业生长模式的变革”。当前的智能技术集群所呈现出的形塑力表明,我们正处在“技术奇点”和媒介化进程发生转向的前端,社会进一步的媒介化仍需通用性技术的进一步普及和更多技术组合的落地。

An Investigation on the Minimum Inventory of Human System Interfaces for Plant＇s Safe Operation

This paper investigates the minimum inventory （MI） of human system interfaces （HSIs） （i.e. alarms, controls, and displays） for plant＇s safe operation and represents the analytic procedure on the MI of HSIs developed for the digital instrumentation and control （I＆C） equipments in the main control room （MCR）. The MI of HSIs in the MCR indicates the HSIs that the operator always needs available to： （1） monitor the status; （2） perform and confirm a reactor trip; （3） perform and confirm a controlled shutdown of the reactor; （4） actuate safety related systems; （5） analyze failure conditions of the normal HSIs; （6） implement the plant＇s emergency operating procedures （EOPs）; （7） bring the plant to a safe condition; （8） carry out those operator actions shown to be risk important by the probabilistic risk assessment （PRA）. The proposed analytic procedure on the MI of HSIs in this study can be used to （1） identify the MI of HSIs and their design requirements; and （2） address design requirements and implementation for the MI of HSIs. The contribution of this study is to describe the MI of HSIs needed to implement the plant＇s EOPs, to bring the plant to a safe condition, and to carry out those operator actions shown to be risk important by the PKA.

IUID Method-Mix: Towards a Systematic Approach for Intercultural User Interface Design (IUID)

A method-mix for intercultural user interface design (IUID) is explained and exemplified by application examples based on a hybrid approach covering cultural contexts in human-computer interaction (HCI) design using a model of culturally influenced HCI. Cultural influence on HCI is described using cultural variables for user interface design. Assumptions and empirical results regarding the influence of culture on HCI, considering the path of the information processing and the interaction style between Chinese and German users are explained based on cultural models. Subsequent indicators represent the relationship between culture and HCI (culturally imprinted by the user). Correlations adopted theoretically between cultural dimensions and variables for HCI design were investigated. These correlations represent relevant constituents of a model for culturally influenced HCI. Considerations applying this model and evidence for the proper application of the IUID method-mix are presented elucidating why and how cultural aspects play a role in HCI design and usability/UX engineering. The IUID method-mix serves to inspire HCI engineers in the requirement analysis phase as well as HCI designers in the design phase. The readers are thereby sensitized to the challenges of intercultural usability/UX engineering and intercultural HCI design and will be equipped with methodological knowledge relevant to the derivation of design recommendations for user interface design for and in their desired cultural contexts. Finally, implications for practitioners are shown, including HCI style scores and practical design recommendations, to prognosticate the effort and the expenditures for considering the cultural context in IUID.

基于S7-1200 PLC和触摸屏的水产养殖控制系统设计

基于我国水产养殖行业的基本现状,设计了一种以实现水循环为前提的水产养殖控制系统.该系统以S7-1200 PLC为控制器,通过传感器实时采集水体温度、液位、溶解氧含量、pH值、氨氮量、电导率等模拟量,实现加热、增氧、换水、投喂等自动控制功能.同时为了方便养殖人员对控制系统的运行监控,利用TIA WinCC模块设计了触摸屏监控界面.该系统结构简单,智能化程度高,性能可靠,实时性强,稳定性好,能极大降低水产养殖的成本,提高养殖效率,减少环境污染,具有较高的应用价值.

Altered profiles of nuclear matrix proteins during the differentiation of human gastric mucous adenocarcinoma MGc80-3 cells

AIM： To find and identify specific nuclear matrix proteins associated with proliferation and differentiation of carcinoma cells, which will be potential markers for cancer diagnosis and targets in cancer therapy. METHODS： Nuclear matrix proteins were selectively extracted from MGcS0-3 cells treated with or without hexamethylamine bisacetamide （HMBA）, and subjected to 2-D gel electrophoresis. The resulted protein patterns were analyzed by Melanie software. Spots of nuclear matrix proteins differentially expressed were excised and subjected to in situ digestion with trypsin. Peptide masses were obtained by matrix-assisted laser-desorption/ ionization time of flight mass spectrometry （MALDI-TOFMS） analysis and submitted for database searching using Mascot tool. RESULTS： The MGc80-3 cells were induced into differentiation by HMBA. There were 22 protein spots which changed remarkably in the nuclear matrix, from differentiation of MGcS0-3 cells compared to control. Eleven of which were identified. Seven proteinsactin, prohibitin, porin 31HL, heterogeneous nuclear dbonucleoprotein A2/B1, vimentin, ATP synthase, and heat shock protein 60 were downregulated, whereas three proteins - heat shock protein gp96, heat shock protein 90-beta, and valosin-containing protein were upregulated, and the oxygen-regulated protein was only found in the differentiated MGc80-3 cells. CONCLUSION： The induced differentiation of carcinoma cells is accompanied by the changes of nuclear matrix proteins. Further characterization of those proteins will show the mechanism of cellular proliferation and differentiation, as well as cancer differentiation.

Neuroprotective effects of human telomerase reverse transcriptase on beta-amyloid fragment 25-35-treated human embryonic cortical neurons

BACKGROUND： Numerous current studies have suggested that human telomerase reverse transcriptase （hTERT） gene has neuroprotective effects and can inhibit apoptosis induced by various cytotoxic stresses; however, the mechanism of action remains unknown. OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the neuroprotective effects and possible mechanism of action of hTERT gene transfection in human embryonic cortical neurons treated with beta-amyloid fragment 25-35 （AI325-35）. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING： The randomized, controlled and molecular biological studies were performed at the Department of Anatomy and Brain Research, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, China, from September 2005 to June 2008. MATERIALS： AdEasy-1 Expression System was gifted by Professor Guoquan Gao from Sun Yat-Sen University, China. Human cortical neurons were derived from 12-20 week old aborted fetuses, obtained from the Guangzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital, China. Mouse anti-Odk5 and mouse anti-p16 monoclonal antibodies （Lab Vision, USA）, and mouse anti-hTERT monoclonal antibody （Epitomics, USA）, were used in this study. METHODS： （1） Recombinant adenovirus vectors, encoding hTERT （Ad-hTERT） and green fluorescent protein （Ad-GFP）, were constructed using the AdEasy-1 Expression System. Human embryonic cortical neurons in the Ad-hTERT group were transfected with Ad-hTERT for 1-21 days. Likewise, human embryonic cortical neurons in the Ad-GFP group were transfected with Ad-GFP for 1-21 days. Human embryonic cortical neurons in the control group were cultured as normal. （2） Human embryonic cortical neurons in the Ad-hTERT group were treated with 10 pmol/L Aβ25-35 for 24 hours. Normal human embryonic cortical neurons treated with 10 pmol/Lβ25.35 for 24 hours served as a model group. Human embryonic cortical neurons in the Ad-GFP and control groups were not treated with Aβ25-35. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： Expression of hTERT in human embryonic cortical neurons was evaluated by immunocytochemical staining and Western blot assay. Telomerase activity was measured using a PCR-based telomeric repeat amplification protocol （TRAP） ELISA kit. Neural activity in human embryonic cortical neurons was examined by MTT assay; apoptosis was measured using TUNEL assay; and Cdk5 and p16 protein expressions were measured by Western blot. RESULTS： Expression of hTERT protein was significantly increased and peaked at day 3 post-transfection in the Ad-hTERT group. No hTERT expression was detected in the Ad-GFP and control groups. Telomerase activity was significantly greater in the Ad-hTERT group compared with the Ad-GFP and control groups （P 〈 0.01）. Compared with the control group, cell activity was significantly decreased （P 〈 0.05）, and cell apoptotic rate, Cdk5 and p16 expression were significantly increased （P 〈 0.01） in the model group. Compared with the model group, cell activity was increased in the Ad-hTERT group, and peaked at day 3 post-transfection （P 〈 0.05）. Neuroprotective effects also peaked at day 3 post-transfection; and the apoptotic rate, Cdk5 and p16 expression significantly decreased （P 〈 0.01）. CONCLUSION： Expression of hTERT in human embryonic cortical neurons can relieve Aβ25-35-induced neuronal apoptosis. The possible mechanism by which hTERT produces these neuroprotective effects may be associated with inhibition of Cdk5 and p16 expression.