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Epidemiological profiles of human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis C virus infections in Malian women:Risk factors and relevance of disparities 被引量:4
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作者 Nouhoum Bouare Andre Gothot +5 位作者 Jean Delwaide Sebastien Bontems Dolores Vaira Laurence Seidel Paul Gerard Christiane Gerard 《World Journal of Hepatology》 CAS 2013年第4期196-205,共10页
AIM:To document the epidemiologic patterns and risk factors of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)and hepatitis C virus(HCV)infections in Mali in order to develop prevention means for both diseases.METHODS:Two prospecti... AIM:To document the epidemiologic patterns and risk factors of human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)and hepatitis C virus(HCV)infections in Mali in order to develop prevention means for both diseases.METHODS:Two prospective studies were conducted in Bamako in 2009 among 1000 pregnant women(i.e.,young women)who consulted six reference health centers,and in 2010,among 231 older women who attended general practice in two hospitals.Antibody tests and molecular analysis(performed only for HCV)were used to quantify the frequencies of both infections.The data were collected from patients recruited through a questionnaire.Transmission risk factors of both diseases were identified by univariate and multivariate analysis.RESULTS:HCV seroprevalence was 0.2% for young and 6.5% for older women.HIV prevalence was similar in both populations(4.1% vs 6.1%).In older women,the analysis of risk factors highlighted an association between HCV infection and episodes of hospitalization(P < 0.01).The study did not show an association between HIV infection and the variables such as hospitalization,transfusion,tattoo,dental care,and endoscopy.A significant decrease of HIV seroprevalence was detected in young women who used condoms for contraception more than for other purposes(P < 0.01).By contrast,HIV seroprevalence was significantly increased in young women using condoms mainly to prevent sexual infections rather than for contraception(P < 0.01).No HCV/HIV coinfection was detected in our study.CONCLUSION:Risk factors and epidemiologic data of HIV and HCV as well as the absence of co-infection strongly suggest epidemiological disparities between these diseases. 展开更多
关键词 Hepatitis C VIRUS human IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS Epidemiology risk factors WOMEN MALI BAMAKO
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Risk factors for liver fibrosis among human immunodeficiency virus monoinfected patients using the FIB4 index in Morocco 被引量:1
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作者 Mohamed Tahiri Mustapha Sodqi +10 位作者 Fatima Ez Zahra Lahdami Latifa Marih Hassan Lamdini Wafaa Hliwa Ahd Oulad Lahcen Wafaa Badre Fouad Haddad Abdelfetah Chakib Ahmed Bellabah Rhimou Alaoui Kamal Marhoum El Filali 《World Journal of Hepatology》 CAS 2013年第10期584-588,共5页
AIM: To study the prevalence and risk factors of significant hepatic fibrosis in Moroccan human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) monoinfected patients.METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study among HIV monoinfected pa... AIM: To study the prevalence and risk factors of significant hepatic fibrosis in Moroccan human immunodeficiency virus(HIV) monoinfected patients.METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study among HIV monoinfected patients(negative for hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis C antibody). Clinical and laboratory data were collected from the data base of the Infectious Diseases Unit in Ibn Rochd Hospital Center [age, gender, duration of HIV infection, CD4 T lymphocyte count, HIV viral load, glycemia and current or prior use of antiretroviral and antiretroviral therapy(ART) duration]. The primary outcome was a FIB4score > 1.45. Multivariable logistic regression identifiedindependent risk factors for FIB4 > 1.45.RESULTS: A FIB4 score > 1.45 was identified in 96among 619(15.5%). HIV monoinfected patients followed up between September 1990 and September2012. Multivariate analysis showed that only a viral load > 75(OR = 2.23, 95%CI: 1.36-3.67), CD4 > 200cells/mm3(OR = 0.39, 95%CI: 0.21-0.72) and age at FIB4 index calculation(OR = 1.10, 95%CI: 1.07-1.13)were independently associated with the occurrence of FIB4 index(> 1.45). Gender, duration of HIV infection,glycemia, use of antiretroviral therapy and ART duration were not associated with significant fibrosis by FIB4.CONCLUSION: FIB4 score > 1.45 was found in 15.5%of Moroccan HIV monoinfected patients. Age, HIV viremia > 75 copies/mL and CD4 count > 200 cells/mm3are associated with liver fibrosis. Further studies are needed to explore mechanisms for fibrosis in HIV monoinfected patients. 展开更多
关键词 human IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS FIB4 LIVER Monoinfected risk factors
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Risk Factors of Cervical Carcinoma and Countermeasures against Them in Mountainous Area of Wufeng County, China 被引量:1
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作者 TAONing WUXu-feng +3 位作者 QIUXiao-ping ZHAOMin TANYun WUXin-xing 《Wuhan University Journal of Natural Sciences》 EI CAS 2005年第4期759-766,共8页
Cases (n=44) with squamous cell cervical cancer (SCCA) and age-matched healthy controls (n=176) were analyzed. Significant difference due to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, ages at the first marriage, ages at th... Cases (n=44) with squamous cell cervical cancer (SCCA) and age-matched healthy controls (n=176) were analyzed. Significant difference due to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, ages at the first marriage, ages at the first sexual intercourse, ages at the first birth given to baby, number of gravidities, number of deliveries, Body Mass Index (BMI), education level of women and their husbands (p<0.05) was observed. According to multivariate logistic regression analysis, four factors have entered the model (p<0.05), including HPV infection [OR (odds ratio)=26.13, 95%CI (confidence interval)=9.40?72.60], education level of women (OR=0.41, 95%CI=0.21?0.79), education level of spouses (OR=0.45, 95%CI=0.22?0.94), BMI (OR=0.73, 95%CI=0.57?0.93). Moreover, HPV infection is relative to education level of women (r=?0.14), and their spouses (r=?0.21), age at the first marriage (r=?0.20), age at the first birth given to baby (r=?0.20) and BMI (r=?0.15). 展开更多
关键词 Key words cervical carcinoma human papillomavirus (HPV) risk factor
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Incidence, risk factors, and outcome of BK polyomavirus infection after kidney transplantation 被引量:1
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作者 Evaldo Favi Carmelo Puliatti +7 位作者 Rajesh Sivaprakasam Mariano Ferraresso Federico Ambrogi Serena Delbue Federico Gervasi Ilaria Salzillo Nicholas Raison Roberto Cacciola 《World Journal of Clinical Cases》 SCIE 2019年第3期270-290,共21页
BACKGROUND Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy is a leading cause of kidney allograft failure. Therapeutic options are limited and prompt reduction of the net state of immunosuppression represents the mainstay of trea... BACKGROUND Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy is a leading cause of kidney allograft failure. Therapeutic options are limited and prompt reduction of the net state of immunosuppression represents the mainstay of treatment. More recent application of aggressive screening and management protocols for BK-virus infection after renal transplantation has shown encouraging results. Nevertheless,long-term outcome for patients with BK-viremia and nephropathy remains obscure. Risk factors for BK-virus infection are also unclear.AIM To investigate incidence, risk factors, and outcome of BK-virus infection after kidney transplantation.METHODS This single-centre observational study with a median follow up of 57(31-80) mo comprises 629 consecutive adult patients who underwent kidney transplantation between 2007 and 2013. Data were prospectively recorded and annually reviewed until 2016. Recipients were periodically screened for BK-virus by plasmaquantitative polymerized chain reaction. Patients with BK viral load ≥ 1000 copies/mL were diagnosed BK-viremia and underwent histological assessment to rule out nephropathy. In case of BK-viremia, immunosuppression was minimized according to a prespecified protocol. The following outcomes were evaluated: patient survival, overall graft survival, graft failure considering death as a competing risk, 30-d-event-censored graft failure, response to treatment,rejection, renal function, urologic complications, opportunistic infections, newonset diabetes after transplantation, and malignancies. We used a multivariable model to analyse risk factors for BK-viremia and nephropathy.RESULTS BK-viremia was detected in 9.5% recipients. Initial viral load was high(≥ 10000 copies/mL) in 66.7% and low(< 10000 copies/mL) in 33.3% of these patients.Polyomavirus-associated nephropathy was diagnosed in 6.5% of the study population. Patients with high initial viral load were more likely to experience sustained viremia(95% vs 25%, P < 0.00001), nephropathy(92.5% vs 15%, P <0.00001), and polyomavirus-related graft loss(27.5% vs 0%, P = 0.0108) than recipients with low initial viral load. Comparison between recipients with or without BK-viremia showed that the proportion of patients with Afro-Caribbean ethnicity(33.3% vs 16.5%, P = 0.0024), panel-reactive antibody ≥ 50%(30% vs14.6%, P = 0.0047), human leukocyte antigen(HLA) mismatching > 4(26.7% vs13.4%, P = 0.0110), and rejection within thirty days of transplant(21.7% vs 9.5%; P= 0.0073) was higher in the viremic group. Five-year patient and overall graft survival rates for patients with or without BK-viremia were similar. However,viremic recipients showed higher 5-year crude cumulative(22.5% vs 12.2%, P =0.0270) and 30-d-event-censored(22.5% vs 7.1%, P = 0.001) incidences of graft failure than control. In the viremic group we also observed higher proportions of recipients with 5-year estimated glomerular filtration rate < 30 mL/min than the group without viremia: 45% vs 27%(P = 0.0064). Urologic complications were comparable between the two groups. Response to treatment was complete in55%, partial in 26.7%, and absent in 18.3% patients. The nephropathy group showed higher 5-year crude cumulative and 30-d-event-censored incidences of graft failure than control: 29.1% vs 12.1%(P = 0.008) and 29.1% vs 7.2%(P <0.001), respectively. Our multivariable model demonstrated that Afro-Caribbean ethnicity, panel-reactive antibody > 50%, HLA mismatching > 4, and rejection were independent risk factors for BK-virus viremia whereas cytomegalovirus prophylaxis was protective.CONCLUSION Current treatment of BK-virus infection offers sub-optimal results. Initial viremia is a valuable parameter to detect patients at increased risk of nephropathy. Panelreactive antibody > 50% and Afro-Caribbean ethnicity are independent predictors of BK-virus infection whereas cytomegalovirus prophylaxis has a protective effect. 展开更多
关键词 POLYOMAVIRUS BK virus Kidney transplantation OUTCOME risk factors Immunosuppression human LEUKOCYTE antigen Rejection CYTOMEGALOVIRUS ETHNICITY
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Ecological and Human Health Risk Assessment of Toxic Metals in Water, Sediment and Fish from Lower Usuma Dam, Abuja, Nigeria 被引量:2
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作者 R. Wuana C. Ogbodo +1 位作者 A. U. Itodo I. S. Eneji 《Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection》 2020年第5期82-106,共25页
The study assessed the levels of some toxic metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) with their potential ecological and human health risks in water, African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus), Tilapia (Oreochromis spilur... The study assessed the levels of some toxic metals (As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Zn) with their potential ecological and human health risks in water, African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus), Tilapia (Oreochromis spilurus niger) and sediment samples from the Lower Usuma dam FCT, Nigeria during two major seasons in a year (rainy and dry seasons). Toxic metal concentrations were determined using Atomic Absorption spectrophotometry (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) and Atomic Emission Spectrophotometry (for As and Hg), and the results obtained were compared with national and international standards. The ecological and human health risk indices of the toxic metals present in the samples from the Dam were evaluated and interpreted. Tilapia from the dam posed the highest but medium ecological and human health risk due to Pb concentration of up to 7.11 mg/kg;ecological risk index of 35.55 and hazard quotient of 50.78. Overall ecological and human health risks were low due to the low concentrations of other toxic metals determined. As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Hg, Ni and Zn concentrations were all below WHO limits in the LUD water;Ni and Pb were above limits in the African Catfish and Tilapia samples. The data obtained were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and significant differences accepted at p ≤ 0.05. There was no statistical difference in the concentrations of toxic metals in water but there was significant difference between the concentrations of toxic metals in the fish and sediment samples. Correlation was found to exist between toxic metals in the water, fish and sediment analyzed from the dam. The ecological and human health risks of toxic metals in Lower Usuma dam require regular checks and monitoring hence, it was recommended by the researcher, that this and similar research work be carried out annually by NESREA and also, as research work by other students of Environmental and Analytical chemistry. 展开更多
关键词 Toxic Metals AAS AES Concentration ECOLOGICAL risk human Health risk LOWER Usuma DAM Contamination factor Water SEDIMENT FISH
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Risk factors in familial forms of celiac disease 被引量:4
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作者 Hugh James Freeman 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2010年第15期1828-1831,共4页
Celiac disease has been reported in up to 2% of some European populations. A similar risk has been identified in the America and Australia where immigration of Eu-ropeans has occurred. Moreover, an increasing number o... Celiac disease has been reported in up to 2% of some European populations. A similar risk has been identified in the America and Australia where immigration of Eu-ropeans has occurred. Moreover, an increasing number of celiac disease patients are being identified in many Asian countries, including China and India. Finally, celiac disease has also been detected in Asian immigrants and their descendants to other countries, such as Canada. Within these so-called "general" celiac populations, however, there are specific high risk groups that have an even higher prevalence of celiac disease. Indeed, the single most important risk factor for celiac disease is having a first-degree relative with already-defined celiac disease, particularly a sibling. A rate up to 20% or more has been noted. Risk is even greater if a specific family has 2 siblings affected, particularly if a male carries the human leukocyte antigen-DQ2. Both structural changes in the small bowel architecture occur along with func-tional changes in permeability, even in asymptomatic first-degree relatives. Even if celiac disease is not evident, the risk of other autoimmune disorders seems significantly increased in first-degree relatives as well as intestinal lymphoma. Identification of celiac disease is important since recent long-term studies have shown that the mortality of celiac disease is increased, if it is unrecognized and untreated. 展开更多
关键词 Celiac disease SCREENING risk factors Fa-milial disease human leukocyte antigen-DQ2 Genome-wide association studies Genomewide linkage studies
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Engineering approach for human error probability quantification 被引量:6
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作者 Sun Zhiqiang Xie Hongwei Shi Xiujian Liu Fengqiang 《Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics》 SCIE EI CSCD 2009年第5期1144-1152,共9页
A novel approach for engineering application to human error probability quantification is presented based on an overview of the existing human reliability analysis methods. The set of performance shaping factors is cl... A novel approach for engineering application to human error probability quantification is presented based on an overview of the existing human reliability analysis methods. The set of performance shaping factors is classified as two subsets of dominant factors and adjusting factors respectively. Firstly, the dominant factors are used to determine the probabilities of three behavior modes. The basic probability and its interval of human error for each behavior mode are given. Secondly, the basic probability and its interval are modified by the adjusting factors, and the total probability of human error is calculated by a total probability formula. Finally, a simple example is introduced, and the consistency and validity of the presented approach are illustrated. 展开更多
关键词 human reliability assessment probabilistic risk assessment human error performance shaping factor system safety.
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自适应神经模糊推理系统优化的快速上肢评估方法 被引量:1
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作者 白仲航 项钲 +1 位作者 谭昭芸 裴卉宁 《计算机集成制造系统》 EI CSCD 北大核心 2024年第5期1643-1656,共14页
传统方法对工作相关肌肉骨骼疾病风险评估的输入变量变化敏感性较低,导致风险评估输出结果的精确性和可靠性不足。为更加准确地进行人因工程风险评估,提出了基于自适应神经模糊推理系统的快速上肢评估方法(RULA)。首先,基于卷积神经网... 传统方法对工作相关肌肉骨骼疾病风险评估的输入变量变化敏感性较低,导致风险评估输出结果的精确性和可靠性不足。为更加准确地进行人因工程风险评估,提出了基于自适应神经模糊推理系统的快速上肢评估方法(RULA)。首先,基于卷积神经网络对视频中人体工作姿势的关键点进行检测及识别,并计算关节角度;其次,基于自适应神经模糊推理系统对快速上肢评估方法进行改进,搭建工作相关肌肉骨骼疾病风险评估架构以解决评估不同姿势时获得相同评分的问题;再次,随机选取不同工作姿势的关节角度数据对网络进行训练和检测,调整基于自适应神经模糊推理系统和快速上肢评估方法的工作相关肌肉骨骼疾病风险预测模型的最佳参数;最后,选取关节角度数据集里的前15个工作姿势进行相关性验证,将结果与原始快速上肢评估方法的结果进行比较,应用树枝修剪工具的操作过程进行案例分析以实现风险得分的实时动态评估。结果表明,优化后的快速上肢评估方法比原始方法更敏感,验证了利用自适应神经模糊推理系统能够有效改进快速上肢评估方法并实时预测风险得分。 展开更多
关键词 快速上肢评估法 自适应神经模糊推理系统 模糊控制 关键点检测 人因工程风险
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Pretreatment AKR1B10 expression predicts the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma development after hepatitis C virus eradication 被引量:2
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作者 Ayato Murata Takuya Genda +12 位作者 Takafumi Ichida Nozomi Amano Sho Sato Hironori Tsuzura Shunsuke Sato Yutaka Narita Yoshio Kanemitsu Yuji Shimada Katsuharu Hirano Katsuyori Iijima Ryo Wada Akihito Nagahara Sumio Watanabe 《World Journal of Gastroenterology》 SCIE CAS 2016年第33期7569-7578,共10页
AIM To clarify the association between aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10(AKR1B10) expression and hepatocarcinogenesis after hepatitis C virus eradication.METHODS In this study,we enrolled 303 chronic hepatitis C... AIM To clarify the association between aldo-keto reductase family 1 member B10(AKR1B10) expression and hepatocarcinogenesis after hepatitis C virus eradication.METHODS In this study,we enrolled 303 chronic hepatitis C patients who had achieved sustained virological response(SVR) through interferon-based antiviral therapy. Pretreatment AKR1B10 expression in the liver was immunohistochemically assessed and quantified as a percentage of positive staining area by using image-analysis software. A multivariate Cox analysis was used to estimate the hazard ratios(HRs) of AKR1B10 expression for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) development after achieving SVR. The cumulative incidences of HCC development were evaluated using Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test.RESULTS Of the 303 chronic hepatitis C patients,153(50.5%) showed scarce hepatic AKR1B10 expression,quantified as 0%,which was similar to the expression in control normal liver tissues. However,the remaining 150 patients(49.5%) exhibited various degrees of AKR1B10 expression in the liver,with a maximal AKR1B10 expression of 73%. During the median follow-up time of 3.6 years(range 1.0-10.0 years),8/303 patients developed HCC. Multivariate analysis revealed that only high AKR1B10 expression(≥ 8%) was an independent risk factor for HCC development(HR = 15.4,95%CI: 1. 8- 1 3 2. 5,P = 0. 0 1 2). T h e 5- y e a r c u m u l a t i v e incidences of HCC development were 13.7% and 0.5% in patients with high and low AKR1B10 expression,respectively(P < 0.001). During the follow-up period after viral eradication,patients expressing high levels of AKR1B10 expressed markedly higher levels of alanine aminotransferase and α-fetoprotein than did patients exhibiting low AKR1B10 expression.CONCLUSION Chronic hepatitis C patients expressing high levels of hepatic AKR1B10 had an increased risk of HCC development even after SVR. 展开更多
关键词 human AKR1B10 protein HEPATOCELLULAR carcinoma Chronic hepatitis C IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY risk factor SUSTAINED virological response
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Human African trypanosomiasis in endemic focus of Abraka,Nigeria
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作者 Onyebiguwa Patrick Goddey Nmorsi Clement Isaac +2 位作者 Igho Benjamin Igbinosa Duncan Ogheneocovo Umukoro Dafe Palmer Aitaikuru 《Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine》 SCIE CAS 2010年第6期448-450,共3页
Objective:To investigated the prevalence of human African trypanosomiasis(HAT),a neglected tropical disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiens in an endemic focus of Nigeria,as it relates to age,sex and occupationa... Objective:To investigated the prevalence of human African trypanosomiasis(HAT),a neglected tropical disease caused by Trypanosoma brucei gambiens in an endemic focus of Nigeria,as it relates to age,sex and occupational differences.Methods:A total of 474 human subjects were screened using card agglutination test for trypanosomiasis kit.Positive samples were further investigated for parasite positivity in blood/serum and cerebrospinal fluid(CSF).Results:Of the 474 screened,44(9.3%) were seropositive with seroprevalence of 22(9.6%) in Urhouka,14(9.5%) in Umeghe and 8(7.9%) for Ugonu.The number of seropositives,observed for weakly,moderately and strongly positives for the three communities were 4,7 and 11 in Urhouka,4,5 and 5 in Umeghe and 3,2 and 3 in Ugonu respectively.Among the 16 volunteers with detected parasite in their blood,4 of them were weakly positive,5 of them were moderately positive and 7 of them strongly positive.4 volunteers from Urhouka community were found parasites in their CSF and they were all strongly positive.The difference between the seroprevalence of males and females was not statistically significant(OR=1.14,95%CI=0.37-3.4,P】0.05).The prevalence difference between age group 21-30 years old and the youngest and oldest age groups was statistically significant(OR=3.5,95%CI= 1.08-12.57,P【0.05) but not significant for other age categories (P】0.05),It was observed that farmers had significantly higher prevalence of HAT infection as well as greater risk of Trypanosoma brucei gambiense infection than inhabitants with other occupations (OR=3.25,95%CI=0.99-11.79,P【0.05).Conclusions:Human activities such as farming and visits to the river have been identified as major risk factors to HAT.Also the breakdown of HAT control program has been advanced for the rise in HAT in Abraka,an endemic focus in Nigeria. 展开更多
关键词 human African TRYPANOSOMIASIS TRYPANOSOMA BRUCEI gambiense SEROPOSITIVITY risk factors NIGERIA
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早期宫颈癌术后HPV持续感染的危险因素分析
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作者 孟丽燕 王超群 +3 位作者 陈星慧 何军晶 牛雅茹 马丽莎 《昆明医科大学学报》 CAS 2024年第4期152-156,共5页
目的分析早期宫颈癌根治术后高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HR-HPV)持续感染的相关危险因素。方法选取2021年1月至2023年11月之间,在昆明市妇幼保健院行开腹或腹腔镜下宫颈癌根治术的159例早期宫颈癌患者,根据术后1a返院复查HR-HPV持续感染情况分... 目的分析早期宫颈癌根治术后高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HR-HPV)持续感染的相关危险因素。方法选取2021年1月至2023年11月之间,在昆明市妇幼保健院行开腹或腹腔镜下宫颈癌根治术的159例早期宫颈癌患者,根据术后1a返院复查HR-HPV持续感染情况分为2组:HR-HPV阳性组(n=41)和HR-HPV转阴组(n=118)。对2组患者的一般资料、阴道微生态情况、手术入路途径、术后病检结果等分析,研究早期宫颈癌患者术后HR-HPV持续阳性的相关危险因素。结果2组的单因素和多因素回归分析显示,绝经、手术期别晚、阴道微生态失调/亚失调是早期宫颈癌患者术后HR-HPV持续阳性的危险因素(P<0.05),而腹腔镜微创手术不是其危险因素。其中阴道微生态异常OR为12.574,绝经OR为3.510。结论绝经、阴道微生态失调为影响早期宫颈癌患者术后HR-HPV清除的重要危险因素。 展开更多
关键词 宫颈癌 高危型人乳头瘤病毒 微创手术 危险因素
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基于STPA-BN的船舶航行人为风险因素分析与评估
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作者 崔秀芳 曲晓文 《船舶工程》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第8期110-116,共7页
人为因素是引发船舶事故的最主要因素之一,为了研究船舶人为风险因素的因果关系,从中国海事局发布的船舶事故报告出发,引入系统理论过程分析-贝叶斯网络(STPA-BN)模型对船舶航行人为风险因素进行分析和评估。采用系统理论过程分析(STPA... 人为因素是引发船舶事故的最主要因素之一,为了研究船舶人为风险因素的因果关系,从中国海事局发布的船舶事故报告出发,引入系统理论过程分析-贝叶斯网络(STPA-BN)模型对船舶航行人为风险因素进行分析和评估。采用系统理论过程分析(STPA)方法识别出船舶航行中存在的不安全控制行为,结合事故报告内容提取出12种人为风险因素,利用风险因素的内在因果关系和结构学习功能构建贝叶斯网络拓扑结构;将事故报告量化,并对网络进行参数学习,对模型进行验证。在此基础上,利用贝叶斯网络(BN)的推理功能得到船舶航行中7种突出的人为风险因素和3条事故核心致因链,为保障船舶安全航行与船员培训提供数据支持。 展开更多
关键词 船舶航行安全 人为风险因素 系统理论过程分析方法 贝叶斯网络 船舶事故报告
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基于WBS-RBS耦合矩阵法的水利工程洞室施工作业人因风险评估 被引量:1
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作者 宁占智 孙开畅 《三峡大学学报(自然科学版)》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第2期42-46,54,共6页
为解决事故树分析法在复杂系统中识别风险时存在编制困难且容易遗漏风险的问题,本文提出了基于工作-风险分解(WBS-RBS)耦合矩阵法的水利工程洞室施工作业人因风险评估方法.首先,将水利工程洞室作业流程与风险进行细化分解,形成WBS-RBS... 为解决事故树分析法在复杂系统中识别风险时存在编制困难且容易遗漏风险的问题,本文提出了基于工作-风险分解(WBS-RBS)耦合矩阵法的水利工程洞室施工作业人因风险评估方法.首先,将水利工程洞室作业流程与风险进行细化分解,形成WBS-RBS耦合矩阵,识别出整个施工过程中的风险;其次,采用区间层次分析法计算风险因素权重,在此基础上通过专家调查法得到风险发生概率和损失后果的量化值,并用风险因素权重进行加权,得到修正的风险值;然后,将修正的风险值填入WBS-RBS耦合矩阵,得到各项风险因素和工作单元的风险值及占比情况.最后,以水利水电工程施工行业发生的多起洞室施工伤亡事故为例,验证了方法的科学性与有效性. 展开更多
关键词 水利工程 人因风险评估 洞室施工 工作-风险分解法 区间层次分析法
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基于HFACS模型的军事演训活动风险评估指标体系构建
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作者 欧朝敏 张志华 +2 位作者 刘燕 姜江 刘润普 《国防科技》 2024年第2期97-107,142,共12页
基于人因分析与分类系统(HFACS)分析军事演训活动的全面风险,考虑联合军事演训和新域新质作战力量的特点,并突出演训活动的战斗力标准。在改进HFACS模型分析框架的基础上,逐层次细化拆解,建立初步的风险评估指标库,并结合专家知识运用... 基于人因分析与分类系统(HFACS)分析军事演训活动的全面风险,考虑联合军事演训和新域新质作战力量的特点,并突出演训活动的战斗力标准。在改进HFACS模型分析框架的基础上,逐层次细化拆解,建立初步的风险评估指标库,并结合专家知识运用风险矩阵对指标库进行优化。构建人为因素视角下涵盖战斗力的风险、组织管理的风险、不安全行为的前提条件的风险和不安全行为的风险等4个方面以及包含战斗精神、新型主战武器、智能装备等在内的15项极高风险指标、20项高风险指标和8项中风险指标的风险评估指标体系。 展开更多
关键词 军事演训活动 风险评估 指标体系 人因分析与分类系统
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安徽省人类精子库志愿者精液质量与生活方式的关联研究 被引量:1
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作者 葛蕾 谈箐 +4 位作者 李航 毛晓红 付菲菲 宋兵 沈群山 《安徽医科大学学报》 CAS 北大核心 2024年第6期952-957,共6页
目的探究安徽省人类精子库捐精志愿者的生活方式与精液质量关联性。方法收集2021年1月-2023年12月在安徽省人类精子库捐精的1222名志愿者的人口学特征及生活方式,分析其与精液质量的相关性。结果单因素卡方分析表明非学生、频繁自慰者... 目的探究安徽省人类精子库捐精志愿者的生活方式与精液质量关联性。方法收集2021年1月-2023年12月在安徽省人类精子库捐精的1222名志愿者的人口学特征及生活方式,分析其与精液质量的相关性。结果单因素卡方分析表明非学生、频繁自慰者、禁欲时长、低运动频率、经常熬夜、吸烟、饮酒和短睡眠时长与精液参数异常有显著关联(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析进一步指出,非学生身份、禁欲时长、缺乏充足睡眠与精液量异常相关;禁欲时长、运动频率、熬夜、吸烟和睡眠时长与精液浓度和精子活力异常显著相关(P<0.05)。结论精液质量与志愿者的生活方式(禁欲时间、熬夜、睡眠时间、吸烟、饮酒及运动频率)密切相关。 展开更多
关键词 精液质量 生活方式 危险因素 人类精子库
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铁路调度员疲劳状态检测软件研究与设计 被引量:1
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作者 郑伟 陈亮 +3 位作者 吕宏宇 胡大欣 俱岩飞 张春光 《铁道通信信号》 2024年第3期1-6,共6页
针对目前铁路调度员疲劳检测技术手段缺乏、检测特征单一、准确率低等问题,通过分析现场调度员疲劳检测需求,提出一种基于多特征融合的铁路调度员疲劳状态检测方法。通过融合视频图像数据中的面部及行为特征,如眨眼、打哈欠、疲劳姿态... 针对目前铁路调度员疲劳检测技术手段缺乏、检测特征单一、准确率低等问题,通过分析现场调度员疲劳检测需求,提出一种基于多特征融合的铁路调度员疲劳状态检测方法。通过融合视频图像数据中的面部及行为特征,如眨眼、打哈欠、疲劳姿态等指标,实现对调度员疲劳状态的实时检测;设计疲劳检测算法流程和软件架构,以及软件实现的方法与步骤。试验结果表明,该方法可行且有效,能够更加科学地评估人因安全风险,为控制调度员疲劳程度提供有力支持,可有效预防潜在的事故风险,对保障铁路安全运营具有积极意义。 展开更多
关键词 铁路调度员 疲劳检测 机器视觉 多特征融合 人因安全风险
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起飞阶段民机驾驶舱人机系统风险分析方法研究
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作者 王逸凡 孙有朝 +1 位作者 刘勋 揭裕文 《交通信息与安全》 CSCD 北大核心 2024年第4期42-52,共11页
为了评估民机驾驶舱人机系统在起飞阶段的安全风险,识别危险节点,研究了1种基于节点弹性理论的人机系统风险分析方法。运用层次任务分析法(hierarchical task analysis,HTA)和功能共振事故模型(functional resonance accident model,FRA... 为了评估民机驾驶舱人机系统在起飞阶段的安全风险,识别危险节点,研究了1种基于节点弹性理论的人机系统风险分析方法。运用层次任务分析法(hierarchical task analysis,HTA)和功能共振事故模型(functional resonance accident model,FRAM),分析人机系统的主要功能,及功能之间的逻辑关系,构建人机系统功能网络模型;再分析功能间和功能内特征的影响因素及连接关系,识别功能失效模式,构建了人机系统风险传播网络模型;引入易感-感染-康复模型(susceptible-infectious-recovered,SIR)模型,模拟风险在系统网络中的动态传播过程。改进认知可靠性和失误分析方法(cognitive reliability and error analysis method,CREAM),识别民机驾驶舱人机系统失效模式和共同绩效条件,并计算了所提SIR模型中的失效概率、传播率和恢复概率。针对风险的动态传播过程,考虑系统受扰和恢复时间,提出1种改进的节点弹性度量方法,更准确地反应风险发生后系统性能变化和弹性表现。以1个起飞阶段民机驾驶舱人机系统为例,①所提方法识别了4种重大风险节点、7种一般风险节点、33种低风险节点以及48种微小风险节点;②在前3类风险节点中,人因失误占比分别为100%、42%及45%;③风险分析表明,包括飞行员疲劳程度和视觉负荷在内的人为因素更易形成安全事故;④分析结果与起飞阶段险情统计分析结果相互印证。此外,所提方法分析了人机系统性能变化过程,发现在系统恢复过程中存在的困难及二次风险的易发倾向。以上结论验证了本文所提方法的有效性,且有助于提出系统风险管理的相应策略。 展开更多
关键词 民航安全 人机系统 风险因素识别 弹性 SIR模型
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高危型人乳头状瘤病毒感染与宫颈鳞状上皮癌组织相关受体水平的相关性
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作者 杨向君 李小华 +1 位作者 李莹莹 门楠 《成都医学院学报》 CAS 2024年第5期836-840,共5页
目的探究高危型人乳头状瘤病毒(HR-HPV)感染与宫颈鳞状上皮癌(CSES)组织中抗原分化因子受体2(C-ERBB-2)、人类表皮生长因子受体2(HER-2)水平的相关性。方法选取2021年9月至2023年9月唐山市妇幼保健院收治的100例CSES患者作为CSES组,另... 目的探究高危型人乳头状瘤病毒(HR-HPV)感染与宫颈鳞状上皮癌(CSES)组织中抗原分化因子受体2(C-ERBB-2)、人类表皮生长因子受体2(HER-2)水平的相关性。方法选取2021年9月至2023年9月唐山市妇幼保健院收治的100例CSES患者作为CSES组,另纳入同期于本院接受治疗的宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN)和宫颈炎患者各90例分别作为CIN组和宫颈炎组,采用免疫组织化学法测定HER-2、C-ERBB-2表达水平,分析HR-HPV感染与CSES组织中C-ERBB-2、HER-2水平的相关性。结果与宫颈炎组比较,CIN组和CSES组的HR-HPV阳性感染率以及C-ERBB-2、HER-2阳性表达率均上升(P<0.05);与CIN组比较,CSES组HR-HPV阳性感染率明显升高(P<0.05),C-ERBB-2、HER-2阳性表达率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。年龄≥55岁、TNM分期Ⅲ~Ⅳ期、分化程度为低分化以及有淋巴结转移的C-ERBB-2、HER-2阳性表达和HR-HPV感染阳性的患者比例高于年龄<55岁、TNM分期Ⅰ~Ⅱ期、分化程度为中/高分化、无淋巴结转移的CSES患者(P<0.05)。HR-HPV感染阳性的CSES患者病变组织中C-ERBB-2、HER-2阳性表达率高于HR-HPV感染阴性的CSES患者(P<0.05)。结论CSES病变组织中C-ERBB-2、HER-2高表达,并与HR-HPV感染有关,C-ERBB-2、HER-2可作为CSES诊断和治疗的靶点。 展开更多
关键词 宫颈鳞状上皮癌 抗原分化因子受体2 人类表皮生长因子受体2 高危型人乳头状瘤病毒
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病毒感染对间质性肺病急性加重患者预后的影响
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作者 张露 孟晓 +7 位作者 奚斌 刘文文 张毛为 孙宜田 张灿堂 位娟 刘启明 陈碧 《徐州医科大学学报》 CAS 2024年第10期733-739,共7页
目的分析间质性肺病急性加重(AE-ILD)患者的病毒感染情况及对预后的影响。方法选择2021年3月—2023年6月徐州医科大学附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科收治的107例AE-ILD患者为研究对象。通过宏基因组二代测序(mNGS)技术对患者的血液、痰液... 目的分析间质性肺病急性加重(AE-ILD)患者的病毒感染情况及对预后的影响。方法选择2021年3月—2023年6月徐州医科大学附属医院呼吸与危重症医学科收治的107例AE-ILD患者为研究对象。通过宏基因组二代测序(mNGS)技术对患者的血液、痰液及支气管肺泡灌洗液标本进行病毒检测。分析患者病毒感染情况及影响患者预后的危险因素。结果共88例AE-ILD患者检出病毒感染,占比为82.24%,其中EB病毒检出率最高,占AE-ILD患者的56.07%。AE-ILD患者病毒阳性组与阴性组的性别、年龄、降钙素原(PCT)、脑利尿钠肽(BNP)、乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)、氧合指数、入住重症监护室(ICU)及90 d死亡例数比较,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与AE-ILD患者病毒感染存活组相比,死亡组患者更易感染人类疱疹病毒1型(HHV-1,χ^(2)=6.180,P=0.013)及HHV-7(χ^(2)=8.552,P=0.003)。多因素logistics回归分析显示,感染HHV-7(OR:5.528,95%CI:1.335~22.886,P=0.018)及高LDH(OR:1.005,95%CI:1.000~1.009,P=0.031)是AE-ILD患者预后不佳的独立危险因素。结论EB病毒是AE-ILD患者病毒感染最常见的类型。感染HHV-7及高LDH是AE-ILD患者预后不良的危险因素。 展开更多
关键词 间质性肺病 急性加重 人类疱疹病毒7 危险因素 宏基因组二代测序
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高速铁路列车调度员日常作业人因安全风险因素研究 被引量:1
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作者 田雷 保鲁昆 +3 位作者 高磊 陈志亮 张克云 刘新 《铁道运输与经济》 北大核心 2024年第1期116-123,共8页
高速铁路列车调度员承担着高速铁路行车指挥的重要工作,其表现出的不安全行为易引发严重的安全风险,为系统研究高速铁路列车调度员日常作业全流程中存在的人因安全风险因素,从规章制度角度出发,覆盖交接班作业、计划调整等7项基本作业... 高速铁路列车调度员承担着高速铁路行车指挥的重要工作,其表现出的不安全行为易引发严重的安全风险,为系统研究高速铁路列车调度员日常作业全流程中存在的人因安全风险因素,从规章制度角度出发,覆盖交接班作业、计划调整等7项基本作业流程以及教育培训、身心状况2项人员管理工作,提取18项列车调度员在日常工作中存在的人因安全风险因素,应用DEMATEL-ISM法分析各项风险因素间的影响关系及传递路径。通过对各项风险因素的分层研究,发现各因素间存在着复杂的影响关系,通过加强对列车调度员的培训提升其对规章制度的理解,并对列车调度员的抗压能力进行日常管理是避免在调度指挥工作中出现人因安全风险的关键,为管控列车调度员的不安全行为风险提供依据。 展开更多
关键词 高速铁路 列车调度员 日常作业 规章制度 人因安全风险因素 决策试验和评价试验法 解释结构模型法
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