Anti-cancer effect of ethylacetate fraction from Orostachys japonicus on HT-29 human colon cancer cells by induction of apoptosis through caspase-dependent signaling pathway

Objective: To investigate the anti-colon cancer effects of ethylacetate fraction from Orostachys japonicus(0. japonicus) on HT-29 cancer cells. Methods: The viability of HT-29 cells was assayed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2 H-tetrazolium(MTS) method. Apoptosis induction and cell cycle inhibition were confirmed by fluorescein isothiocyanate and propidium iodide staining using flow cytometry.Morphological changes in the nucleus were observed, using a fluorescence microscope with4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole(DAPI) nuclear staining. The expression levels of the upstream and downstream proteins involved in the anti-cancer mechanism were confirmed by Western blotting. Results: After treating HT-29 cells with different concentrations of ethylacetate fraction from O. japonicus, the viability of cells decreased in a concentration-dependent manner,while apoptosis induction and apoptotic body formation increased. Cell cycle analysis showed that the arrest occurred at the sub-G_1 and S phase. Among the upstream and downstream proteins involved in anti-cancer activity, the level of B cell lymphoma-2 decreased, and the bcl-2-associated x protein increased. The level of pro-caspase-3, pro-caspase-8, and pro-caspase-9 decreased, while the level of cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-8, and cleaved-caspase-9 increased. Moreover, the phosphorylation, that is, activation of extracellular signal regulated kinase 1/2, Jun-N-terminal kinase, and p38 increased. Conclusions: Combining the above results, it is thought that the survival of HT-29 cells is suppressed by ethylacetate fraction from0. japonicus through mitochondrial regulation-induced caspase cascade activation, induction of apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.

Epigenetic modification regulates both expression of tumor-associated genes and cell cycle progressing in human colon cancer cell lines: Colo-320 and SW1116

The aim of this study is to assess the effects of DNA methylation and histone acetylation, alone or in combination, on the expression of several tumor-associated genes and cell cycle progression in two established human colon cancer cell lines: Colo-320 and SW1116. Treatments with 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC) and trichostatin A, alone or in combination, were applied respectively. The methylation status of the CDKN2A promoter was determined by methylation-specific PCR, and the acetylated status of the histones associated with the p21wAF1 and CDKN2A genes was examined by chromatin immunoprecipitation. The expression of the CDKN2A, p21WAF1, p53, p73, APC, c-myc, c-Ki-ras and survivin genes was detected by real-time RT-PCR and RT-PCR. The cell cycle profile was established by flow cytometry.We found that along with the demethylation of the CDKN2A gene promoter in both cell lines induced by 5-aza-dC alone or in combination with TSA, the expression of both CDKN2A and APC genes increased. The treatment of TSA or sodium butyrate up-regulated the transcription of p21 WAF1 significantly by inducing the acetylation of histones H4 and H3, but failed to alter the acetylation level of CDKN2A-associated histones. No changes in transcription of p53, p73,c-myc, c-Ki-ras and survivin genes were observed. In addition, TSA or sodium butyrate was shown to arrest cells at the G1 phase. However, 5-aza-dC was not able to affect the cell cycle progression. In conclusion, regulation by epigenetic modification of the transcription of tumor-associated genes and the cell cycle progression in both human colon cancer cell lines Colo-320 and SW1116 is gene-specific.

Radiosensitivity of human colon cancer cell enhanced by immunoliposomal docetaxel

AIM: To enhance the radiosensitivity of human colon cancer cells by docetaxel.METHODS: Immunoliposomal docetaxel was prepared by coupling monodonal antibody against carcinoembryonic antigen to cyanuric chloride at the PEG terminus of liposome. LoVo adenocarcinoma cell line was treated with immunoliposomal docetaxel or/and irradiation. MTT colorimetric assay was used to estimate cytotoxicity of immunoliposomal docetaxel and radiotoxicity. Cell cycle redistribution and apoptosis were determined with flow cytometry. Survivin expression in LoVo cells was verified by immunohistochemistry. D801 morphologic analysis system was used to semi-quantify immunohistochemical staining of survivin.RESULTS: Cytotoxicity was induced by immunoliposomal docetaxel alone in a dose-dependent manner. Immunoliposomal docetaxel yielded a cytotoxicity effect at a low dose of 2 nmol/L. With a single dose irradiation, the relative surviving fraction of LoVo cells showed a dosedependent response, but there were no significant changes as radiation delivered from 4 to 8 Gy. Compared with liposomal docetaxel or single dose irradiation,strongly radiopotentiating effects of immunoliposomal docetaxel on LoVo cells were observed. A low dose of immunoliposomal docetaxel could yield sufficient radiosensitivity. Immunoliposomal docetaxel were achieved both specificity of the conjugated antibody and drug radiosensitization. Combined with radiation,immunoliposomal docetaxel significantly increased the percentage of G2/M cells and induced apoptosis, but significantly decreased the percentage of cells in G2/G1 and S phase by comparison with liposomal docetaxel.Immunohistochemical analysis showed that the brown stained survivin was mainly in cytoplasm of LoVo cells.Semi-quantitative analysis of the survivin immunostaining showed that the expression of survivin in LoVo cells under irradiation with immunoliposomal docetaxel was significantly decreased.CONCLUSION: Immunoliposomal docetaxel is strongly effective for target radiosensitation in LoVo colon carcinoma cells, and may offer the potential to improve local radiotherapy.

Synergistic anticancer effect of exogenous wild-type p53 gene combined with 5-FU in human colon cancer resistant to 5-FU in vivo

AIM To investigate the anticancer effect of a recombinant adenovirus-mediated p53(r Ad-p53) combined with 5-fluorouracil(5-FU) in human colon cancer resistant to 5-FU in vivo and the mechanism of r Ad-p53 in reversal of 5-FU resistance.METHODS nude mice bearing human colon cancer SW480/5-FU(5-FU resistant) were randomly assigned to four groups(n = 25 each): control group, 5-FU group, r Ad-p53 group, and r Ad-p53 + 5-FU group. At 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 120 h and 168 h after treatment, 5 mice were randomly selected from each group and sacrificed using an overdose of anesthetics. The tumors were removed and the protein expressions of p53, protein kinase C(PKC), permeability-glycoprotein(P-gp) and multidrug resistance-associated protein 1(MRP1)(Western blot) and apoptosis(TUNEL) were determined.RESULTS The area ratios of tumor cell apoptosis were larger in the r Ad/p53 + 5-FU group than that in the control, 5-FU and r Ad/p53 groups(P < 0.05), and were larger in the r Ad/p53 group than that of the control group(P < 0.05) and the 5-FU group at more than 48 h(P < 0.05). The p53 expression was higher in the r Ad/p53 and the r Ad/p53 + 5-FU groups than that of the control and 5-FU groups(P < 0.05), and were higher in the r Ad/p53 + 5-FU group than that of the r Ad/p53 group(P < 0.05). Overexpression of PKC, P-gp and MRP1 was observed in the 5-FU and control groups. In the r Ad/p53 + 5-FU group, the expression of P-gp and MRP1 was lower that of the control and 5-FU groups(P < 0.05), and the expression of PKC was lower than that of the control, 5-FU and r Ad/p53 groups at more than 48 h(P < 0.05). In the r Ad/p53 group, the expression of P-gp and MRP1 was lower that of the control and 5-FU groups at more than 48 h(P < 0.05), and the expression of PKC was lower than that of the control and 5-FU groups at more than 120 h(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION5-FU combined with r Ad-p53 has a synergistic anticancer effect in SW480/5-FU(5-FU resistance), which contributes to reversal of 5-FU resistance.

Expression of T-STAR gene is associated with regulation of telomerase activity in human colon cancer cell line HCT-116

瞄准：在人的 T 星基因的 transfection 的 telomerase 活动调查效果进人的结肠癌房间的全身的感觉 cDNA 或部分反感觉 cDNA 衬里 HCT-116。方法：T 星基因的 mRNA 和蛋白质表示层次被 RT-PCR 和西方的污点决定，并且 telomerase 活动被 PCR-ELISA 测量，在 T 星的 transfection 以后感觉或反感觉基因进有 lipofectamine 的 HCT-116 房间。结果：T 星基因表示被提高或在 mRNA 和蛋白质两个都击倒层次，和 telomerase 活动显著地被增加或减少。结论：T 星基因可以以一种平行方式在人的结肠癌 HCT-116 房间参予 telomerase 活动的规定。

Anti-proliferation effect of zoledronic acid on human colon cancer line SW480

Objective: To investigate the anti-proliferation effect and mechanism of zoledronic acid(ZOL) on human colon cancer line SW480. Methods: SW480 cells were treated with 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 100 and 200 μmo L/L of ZOL for 48 h, and CCK-8 assay was employed to obtain the survival rate of SW480 cells. SW480 cells were treated with 25 μmo L/L of ZOL for 0, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h, and then the survival rate was obtained. SW480 cells of the ZOL group were treated with 25 μmo L/L of ZOL for 48 h, while cells of the Cs A+ZOL group were pretreated with 10 μmo L/L of Cs A for 0.5 h and then treated with 25 μmo L/L of ZOL for 48 h. Then the survival rates of SW480 cells of the control group, ZOL group and Cs A+ZOL group were determined. Flow cytometry was employed to detect the apoptosis rate and the mitochondrial transmembrane potential(△ψm) of the three groups and Western blot was used to detect the expressions of cyt C in the cytosol of the three groups. Results: ZOL inhibited the proliferation of SW480 cells, and the inhibition rate positively correlated with the concentration of ZOL and the action time(P< 0.01). The cell survival rate and the △ψm of the ZOL group were greatly lower than those of the control group, while the apoptosis rate and the expression of cyt C in the cytosol were obviously higher than those of the control group. All the differences showed distinctly statistical significances(P< 0.01). The cell survival rate and the △ψm of the Cs A+ZOL group were all lower than those of the control group, but substantially higher than those of the ZOL group; while the apoptosis rate and the expression of cyt C in the cytosol were higher than those of the control group, but distinctly lower than those of the ZOL group. All the differences were statistically significant(P < 0.01). Conclusions: ZOL can induce the apoptosis in human colon cancer line SW480 and then inhibit the proliferation of SW480 cells directly by opening the mitochondrial permeability transition pore abnormally, decreasing △ψm, and releasing the cyt C into the cytosol. And the effect enhances with the increases of the concentration of ZOL and the action time.

Pro-apoptotic Effects of OSNQ on Human Colon Cancer SW480 Cells

[Objectives] The aim was to elucidate the pro-apoptosis mechanism of naphthoquinone derivative 2-octyl sulfoxide-1,4-naphthoquinone(OSNQ) on human colon cancer SW480 cells.[Methods]The cytotoxic effect of OSNQ on colon cancer SW480 cells was detected by MTT colorimetry.The pro-apoptotic effect of OSNQ on human colon cancer SW480 cells was detected by Annexin V-FITC/PI double staining.The changes in expression of apoptosis-related proteins were detected by Western blot.[Results]The results of MTT assay showed that OSNQ had a significant cytotoxic effect on colon cancer SW480 cells.The results of Western blot showed that OSNQ induced the apoptosis in colon cancer SW480 cells through promoting the expression of pro-apoptotic caspase-3 and inhibiting the expression of apoptosis-inhibiting protein Bcl-2.[Conclusions] OSNQ has a significant cytotoxic effect on colon cancer SW480 cells,and it induces the apoptosis of colon cancer SW480 cells by AKT signaling pathway.

Suppression of human colon tumor growth by adenoviral vector-mediated NK4 expression in an athymic mouse model

AIM: To investigate the suppressive effects of adenoviral vector-mediated expression of NK4, an antagonist of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), on human colon cancer in an athymic mouse model to explore the possibility of applying NK4 to cancer gene therapy. METHODS: A human colon tumor model was developed by subcutaneous implantation of tumor tissue formed by LS174T cells grown in athymic mice. Fifteen tumor- bearing mice were randomized into three groups (n = 5 in each group) at d 3 after tumor implantation and mice were injected intratumorally with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or with recombinant adenovirus expressing β-galactosidase (Ad-LacZ) or NK4 (rvAdCMV/NK4) at a 6-d interval for total 5 injections in each mouse. Tumor sizes were measured during treatment to draw a tumor growth curve. At d 26 after the first treatment, all animals were sacrificed and the tumors were removed to immunohistochemically examine proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), microvessel density (represented by CD31), and apoptotic cells. In a separate experiment, 15 additional athymic mice were employed to develop a tumor metastasis model by intraperitoneal injection (ip) of LS174T cells. These mice were randomized into 3 groups (n = 5 in each group) at d 1 after injection and were treated by ip injection of PBS, or Ad-LacZ, or rvAdCMV/NK4 at a 6-d interval for total two injections in each mouse. All animals were sacrificed at d 14 and the numbers and weights of disseminated tumors within the abdominal cavity were measured. RESULTS: Growth of human colon tumors were significantly suppressed in the athymic mice treatedwith rvAdCMV/NK4 (2537.4 ± 892.3 mm3) compared to those treated by either PBS (5175.2 ± 1228.6 mm3) or Ad-LacZ (5578.8 ± 1955.7 mm3) (P < 0.05). The tumor growth inhibition rate was as high as 51%. Immunohistochemical staining revealed a similar PCNA labeling index (75.1% ± 11.2% in PBS group vs 72.8% ± 7.6% in Ad-LacZ group vs 69.3% ± 9.4% in rvAdCMV/ NK4 group) in all groups, but significantly lower microvessel density (10.7 ± 2.4 in rvAdCMV/NK4 group vs 25.6 ± 3.8 in PBS group or 21.3 ± 3.5 in Ad-LacZ group, P < 0.05), and a markedly higher apoptotic index (7.3% ± 2.4% in rvAdCMV/NK4 group vs 2.6 ± 1.1% in PBS group or 2.1% ± 1.5% in Ad-LacZ group, P < 0.05) in the rvAdCMV/NK4 group compared to the two control groups. In the tumor metastasis model, the number and weight of disseminated tumors of mice treated with rvAdCMV/NK4 were much lower than those of the control groups (tumor number: 6.2 ± 3.3 in rvAdCMV/ NK4 group vs 22.9 ± 7.6 in PBS group or 19.8 ± 8.5 in Ad-LacZ group, P < 0.05; tumor weight: 324 ± 176 mg in rvAdCMV/NK4 group vs 962 ± 382 mg in PBS group or 1116 ± 484 mg in Ad-LacZ group, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The recombinant adenovirus, rvAdCMV/ NK4, can attenuate the growth of colon cancer in vivo, probably by suppressing angiogenesis and inducing tumor cell apoptosis, but not by direct suppression of tumor cell proliferation. Moreover, rvAdCMV/NK4 may inhibit peritoneal dissemination of colon cancer cells in a murine tumor metastasis model. These findings indicate that NK4 gene transfer may be an effective tool for the treatment of colon cancer.

Estradiol agonists inhibit human Lo Vo colorectal-cancer cell proliferation and migration through p53

AIM: To investigate the effects of 17β-estradiol via estrogen receptors(ER) or direct administration of ER agonists on human colorectal cancer. METHODS: Lo Vo cells were established from the Bioresource Collection and Research Center and cultured in phenol red-free DMEM(Sigma, United States). To investigate the effects of E2 and/or ER selective agonists on cellular proliferation, Lo Vo colorectal cells were treated with E2 or ER-selective agonists for 24 h and 48 h and subjected to the MTT(Sigma) assay to find the concentration. And investigate the effects of E2 and/or ER selective agonists on cell used western immunoblotting to find out the diversification of signaling pathways. In order to observe motility and migration the wound healing assay and a transwell chamber(Neuro Probe) plate were tased. For a quantitative measure, we counted the number of migrating cells to the wound area post-wounding for 24 h. We further examined the cellular migration-regulating factors urokinase-type plasminogen activator(u-PA), tissue-type plasminogen activator(t-PA) and matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-9 in human Lo Vo cells so gelatin zymography that we used and gelatinolytic activity was visualized by Coomassie blue staining. And these results are presented as means ± SE, and statistical comparisons were made using Student's t-test.RESULTS: The structure was first compared with E2 and ER agonists. We then treated the Lo Vo cells with E2 and ER agonists(10-8 mol/L) for 24 h and 48 h and subsequently measured the cell viability using MTT assay. Our results showed that treatment with 17β-estradiol and/or ER agonists in human Lo Vo colorectal cancer cells activated p53 and then up-regulated p21 and p27 protein levels, subsequently inhibiting the downstream target gene, cyclin D1, which regulates cell proliferation. Taken together, our findings demonstrate the anti-tumorigenesis effects of 17β-estradiol and/or ER agonists and suggest that these compounds may prove to be a potential alternative therapy in the treatment of human colorectal cancer. These results demonstrate that 17β-estradiol and/or ER agonists downregulate migration-related proteins through the p53 signaling pathway in human Lo Vo colorectal cancer cells. These findings suggest that p53 plays a critical role in the 17β-estradiol and/or ER agonist-mediated protective activity against colorectal cancer progression. In addition, 17β-estradiol and/or ER agonists dramatically inhibited cell migration and reduced the expression of u-PA, t-PA and MMP-9 as well as MMP-2/9 activity in Lo Vo cells, which regulate cell metastasis. Moreover, we observed that pretreatment with a p53 inhibitor significantly blocked the anti-migration effects of E2 and/or ER agonists on Lo Vo cells. That E2 and/or ER agonists may impair Lo Vo cell migration by modulating migration-related factors via the p53 tumor suppressor gene.CONCLUSION: Direct ER treatment may prove to be an attractive alternative therapy in the treatment of human colorectal tumors in the future.

Colon Adenocarcinoma Diagnosis in Human Samples by Multicontrast Nonlinear Optical Microscopy of Hematoxylin and Eosin Stained Histological Sections

Combined multimodal nonlinear optical (NLO) microscopies were used to detect and quantify morphological changes associated with stroma and epithelial transformation in colon cancer. Our findings provide complementary information about tissue microstructure, displaying distinctive patterns between normal and malignant human colon. Additionally, we have demonstrated the usefulness of using fixed tissues for the disease diagnostic and prognostic.?The present work provides a framework for using NLO techniques as a clinical diagnostic tool for human colon cancer. NLO metrics could be applied to other disorders, which are characterized by abnormal cell proliferation and collagen assembly.

Approaches that ascertain the role of dietary compounds in colonic cancer cells

Preventive approaches against cancer have not been fully developed and applied.For example,the incidence of some types of cancer,including colon cancer,is highly dependent upon lifestyle,and therefore,amenable to prevention.Among the lifestyle factors,diet strongly affects the incidence of colon cancer; however,there are no definitive dietary recommendations that protect against this malignancy.The association between diet-derived bioactives and development of colonic neoplasms will remain ill defined if we do not take into account:(1) the identity of the metabolites present in the colonic lumen;(2) their concentrations in the colon; and(3) the effect of the colonic contents on the function of individual bioactives.We review two approaches that address these questions:the use of fecal water and in vitro models of the human colon.Compared to treatment with individual diet-derived compounds,the exposure of colon cancer cells to samples from fecal water or human colon simulators mimics closer the in vitro conditions and allows for more reliable studies on the effects of diet on colon cancer development.The rationale and the advantages of these strategies are discussed from the perspective of a specific question on how to analyze the combined effect of two types of bioactives,butyrate and polyphenol metabolites,on colon cancer cells.

复方葛根汤诱导结肠癌HCT116细胞铁死亡分子机制研究

为探究复方葛根汤对结肠癌HCT116细胞增长作用及其分子机制,通过MTT法检测、克隆形成、形态学分析探讨复方葛根汤对HCT116细胞增长作用,以活性氧试剂盒检测、荧光显微成像及蛋白免疫印迹法探究其分子机制。研究结果显示,与溶媒对照组相比,复方葛根汤能显著抑制HCT116细胞增长能力,并呈浓度和时间依赖性,机制上能显著增加细胞内活性氧,显著上调铁死亡相关蛋白PTGS2、ACSL4蛋白的表达,及明显下调铁死亡相关蛋白GPX4表达,表明复方葛根汤可能通过诱导铁死亡机制抑制HCT116细胞增长。

Identification of an anticancer compound against HT-29 cells from Phellinus linteus grown on germinated brown rice

Objective:To isolate and identify the anticancer compound against proliferation of human colon cancer cells from ethyl acetate(EtOAc)extract ol Phellinus linteus grown on germinated brown rice(PB).Methods:EtOAc extract of PB was partitioned with n-hexane,EtOAc,and water-saturated n-butanol.Anticancer compound of n-hexane layer was isolated and identified by HPLC and NMR,respectively.Cytotoxicity against HT-29 cells was tested by SRB assay.Results:The n-hexane layer obtained after solvent fractionation of PB EtOAc extracts showed a potent anticancer activity against the HT-29 cell line.Atractylenolide I,a eudesmane-type sesquiterpene lactone,a major anticancer substance of PB,was isolated from the n-hexane layer by silica gel column chromatography and preparative-HPLC.This structure was elucidated by one-and two-dimensional NMR spectroscopic data.Atractylenolide I has not been reported in mushrooms or rice as of yet.The isolated compound dose-dependently inhibited the growth of HT-29 human colon cancer cells.Conclusions:Atractylenolide I might contribute to the anticancer effect of PB.

Epigenetic field defects in progression to cancer

A field defect is a field of pre-malignant tissue in which a new cancer is likely to arise. Field defects often appear to be histologically normal under the microscope. Recent research indicates that cells within a field defect characteristically have an increased frequency of epigenetic alterations and these may be fundamentally important as underlying factors in progression to cancer. However, understanding of epigenetic field defects is at an early stage, and the work of Katsurano et al published this year, is a key contribution to this field. One question examined by Katsurano et al was how early could the formation of an epigenetic field defect be de-tected in a mouse colitis model of tumorigenesis. They highlighted a number of measurable epigenetic altera-tions, detected very early in normal appearing tissue undergoing histologically invisible tumorigenesis. They also documented the increasing presence of the epigenetic alterations at successive times during progression to cancer. In this commentary, we offer a perspective on the changes they observed within a broader sequence of epigenetic events that occur in progressionto cancer. In particular, we highlight the likely central role of epigenetic deficiencies in DNA repair gene expression that arise during progression to cancer.

滋阴补脾方对人结肠癌裸鼠移植瘤的抑制作用机制研究

目的:探讨滋阴补脾方对人结肠癌裸鼠移植瘤的抑制作用机制。方法:4周龄BALB/c雌性裸鼠20只,制备人结肠癌裸鼠模型,按照随机数字表法分随机分为4组,每组5只。对照组注射等量生理盐水,化疗药物组腹腔注射氟尿嘧啶,中成药组灌胃中药汤剂10 mL,联合用药组:每只裸鼠腹腔注射氟尿嘧啶联合灌胃中药汤剂。1次/d,均连续应用4 d,至第14天处死动物收集标本。测量各组肿瘤重量、肿瘤体积和体积抑瘤率;采用蛋白质印迹法测定CD113、CD116和P53蛋白表达。结果:与对照组比较,化疗药物组、中成药组和联合用药组肿瘤重量、肿瘤体积、CD113和CD116表达明显降低,肿瘤体积抑瘤率和P53表达明显升高(P<0.05);化疗药物组和联合用药组肿瘤重量、肿瘤体积、CD113和CD116表达低于中成药组,肿瘤体积抑瘤率和P53表达高于中成药组(P<0.05);联合用药组肿瘤重量、肿瘤体积、CD113和CD116表达低于化疗药物组,肿瘤体积抑瘤率和P53表达高于化疗药物组(P<0.05)。结论:滋阴补脾法可抑制人结肠癌HT29裸鼠移植瘤生长,认为其机制可能与下调CD113和CD116表达及上调P53表达有关。

人性化护理在结肠癌围手术期中的应用效果观察

目的:探讨结肠癌围手术期中应用人性化护理的应用效果。方法:选取2020年9—12月中山大学肿瘤防治中心收治的118例结肠癌患者作为研究对象,按照随机数表法分为对照组和研究组,每组各59例。对照组采用常规护理干预,研究组采用人性化护理干预。比较两组患者干预后的肠胃功能恢复情况、心理状况、术后并发症发生情况及护理满意度情况。结果:研究组肛门初次排气时间、肛门初次排便时间均短于对照组,腹胀发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=28.912、19.468;χ2=7.779,P<0.05)。研究组SCL-90量表各项目评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=5.200、7.292、2.926、8.774、4.729、9.669、3.744、6.214、3.565、5.430,P<0.05)。研究组术后并发症发生率为5.1%,明显低于对照组的16.9%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.354,P<0.05)。研究组护理满意度为93.2%,明显高于对照组的77.9%,差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.074,P<0.05)。结论:对处于结肠癌围手术期的患者应用人性化护理干预,能够有效促进患者康复,改善患者不良情绪,降低术后并发症发生率,提高护理满意度。

Integrin α6β4 in colorectal cancer

The ability of cells to interact with extracellular matrix macromolecules is at the forefront of the regulation of cell phenotype and organization.Indeed most if not all cells bear specific cell surface receptors for these molecules,namely the integrins,which are specific for the ligation of various macromolecules such as the laminins,fibronectins and tenascins.It is now well established that integrins can regulate a variety of biological activities,most notably cell cycle and tissue-specific gene expression.In the intestine,several observations suggest functional roles for cell-matrix interactions in the regulation of epithelial cell functions.This article focuses on integrin α6β4 as a paradigm to illustrate the importance as well as the complexity of integrins in the mediation of cell-matrix interactions.Indeed,α6β4 has been well-characterized for its involvement as a link between the cytoskeleton and extracellular matrix molecules as well as in the activation of a variety of intracellular signalization processes in cooperation with growth factor receptors.Furthermore,recent studies show that distinct forms of α6 and β4 subunits are expressed in the human intestine and,more importantly,recent work provides experimental evidence that various forms of α6β4 can differentially regulate intestinal epithelial cell functions under both normal and pathological conditions.For instance,it has been discovered that colorectal cancer cells express a hybrid form of α6β4 that is never seen in normal cells.Although further work is needed,integrin α6β4 is emerging as a key regulator of intestinal functions in both intestinal health and disease.

白藜芦醇通过调节铁死亡通路抑制小鼠溃疡性结肠炎相关性结肠癌实验研究

目的:观察白藜芦醇(Res)是否可通过调节铁死亡通路抑制小鼠溃疡性结肠炎相关性结肠癌(UCACC)。方法:(1)将28只C57BL/6小鼠随机分为Control组、氧化偶氮甲烷(AOM)组、AOM+葡聚糖硫酸钠盐(DSS)组、AOM+DSS+Res组。造模实验周期为70 d。AOM组、AOM+DSS组和AOM+DSS+Res组第1天注射1次AOM。从造模第2周开始AOM+DSS组和AOM+DSS+Res组饮用含DSS水,第3周更换为无菌水,第4周换为含DSS水,以此循环到造模实验周期结束。Control组和AOM组饮用无菌水,AOM+DSS+Res组每周给予Res灌胃。造模结束后处死小鼠,取小鼠结肠组织,HE染色后观察小鼠结肠组织病理改变。分别采用免疫组织化学法(IHC)和Western blot检测小鼠结肠组织谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(GPX4)、长链脂酰辅酶A合成酶4(ACSL4)、铁蛋白重链(FTH)、P53蛋白的表达。(2)将人结肠癌HCT 116细胞分为空白对照组及4、8、16μg/ml Res组。用不同浓度(4、8、16μg/ml)Res处理HCT 116细胞。收集处理的细胞后,采用CCK-8实验检测细胞增殖活性,采用Western blot检测细胞GPX4、ACSL4、FTH蛋白的表达。结果:(1)HE染色结果显示小鼠UCACC模型建模成功,Res可明显抑制AOM+DSS诱导的小鼠UCACC形成。IHC染色结果显示,与Control组比较,AOM组FTH蛋白表达下降;AOM+DSS组GPX4和FTH蛋白表达明显上升,ACSL4和P53蛋白表达明显下降(均P<0.05)。与AOM+DSS组比较,AOM+DSS+Res组GPX4和FTH蛋白表达下降,ACSL4和P53蛋白表达明显上升(均P<0.05)。Western blot检测结果显示,与Control组比较,AOM组GPX4、FTH蛋白表达下降,ACSL4表达上升;AOM+DSS组GPX4和FTH蛋白表达上升,ACSL4和P53蛋白表达下降(均P<0.05)。与AOM+DSS组比较,AOM+DSS+Res组GPX4和FTH蛋白表达下降,ACSL4和P53蛋白表达上升(均P<0.05)。(2)CCK-8实验结果显示,8、16μg/ml Res组细胞存活率低于空白对照组(均P<0.05)。Western blot检测结果显示,与空白对照组比较,4、8、16μg/ml Res组细胞GPX4和FTH蛋白表达下降,ACSL4蛋白表达上升(均P<0.05)。结论:Res可以通过调控细胞铁死亡通路抑制UCACC。

蜜环菌β-1,6-葡聚糖通过调节人源巨噬细胞极化发挥抑制结肠癌作用

以人源巨噬细胞THP-1诱导的M2型巨噬细胞为模型,研究从蜜环菌中分离纯化出的β-1,6-葡聚糖(AAMP-A70)对其极化影响,并分析AAMP-A70通过调节巨噬细胞极化抑制结肠癌细胞DLD-1增殖的作用及机制.采用酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA)和实时荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测AAMP-A70处理前后THP-1诱导的M2型巨噬细胞中M1型和M2型巨噬细胞标志物表达情况;将各处理组的细胞培养液处理DLD-1细胞,通过MTT和结晶紫染色检测DLD-1细胞的增殖情况;并通过Western-blot实验检测DLD-1细胞的凋亡蛋白表达情况.实验结果表明:AAMP-A70可显著下调M2型巨噬细胞标志物VEGF,Arg-1,TGF-β的表达,促进M1型巨噬细胞标志物TNF-α,IL-1β,CCR7的表达;AAMP-A70处理组细胞的培养液可显著抑制DLD-1的增殖,且呈浓度依赖趋势;AAMP-A70处理组的细胞上清液可诱导DLD-1细胞中表达的cleaved-PARP和cleaved-Caspase-3上调.