A closed-loop algorithm to detect human face using color and reinforcement learning

A closed-loop algorithm to detect human face using color information and reinforcement learning is presented in this paper. By using a skin-color selector, the regions with color "like" that of human skin are selected as candidates for human face. In the next stage, the candidates are matched with a face model and given an evaluation of the match degree by the matching module. And if the evaluation of the match result is too low, a reinforcement learning stage will start to search the best parameters of the skin-color selector. It has been tested using many photos of various ethnic groups under various lighting conditions, such as different light source, high light and shadow. And the experiment result proved that this algorithm is robust to the vary-ing lighting conditions and personal conditions.

A Human Face Recognition Method based on the Core Characteristics under the Condition of Illumination

A core characteristics based human face recognition method under the condition of illumination is proposed according to the problem of the sharply declining human face recognition rate under the condition of lighL With this method, if human face image is affected by light and the illumination is forward or side can be judged; the images affect by illumination are processed using the strategy of frequency domain replacement, and then the key areas of human face image are divided and then are recognized using support vector machine （SVM） based on the unit of area, and finally the recognition results are integrated. The experimental result shows that this method can produce a better recognition effect than other methods in view of the problem of illumination.

RETRACTED:<i>Realization of Virtual Human Face Based on Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks</i>

Short Retraction Notice The authors claim that this paper needs modifications. This article has been retracted to straighten the academic record. In making this decision the Editorial Board follows COPE's Retraction Guidelines. The aim is to promote the circulation of scientific research by offering an ideal research publication platform with due consideration of internationally accepted standards on publication ethics. The Editorial Board would like to extend its sincere apologies for any inconvenience this retraction may have caused. Editor guiding this retraction: Prof. Baozong Yuan(EiC of JSIP) The full retraction notice in PDF is preceding the original paper, which is marked "RETRACTED".

Dahe Quadripod with Human Faces

The ding is an ancient cooking vessel with two loop handles standing on three or four legs. During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, the ding was used as a sacrificial vessel. It was also a symbol of power of the ruling class. This ding, a quadripod, is the only relic which has a pattern of human faces among the 10,000 Shang Dynasty bronzeware items

Comparison of human face matching behavior and computational image similarity measure

Computational similarity measures have been evaluated in a variety of ways, but few of the validated computational measures are based on a high-level, cognitive criterion of objective similarity. In this paper, we evaluate two popular objective similarity measures by comparing them with face matching performance in human observers. The results suggest that these measures are still limited in predicting human behavior, especially in rejection behavior, but objective measure taking advantage of global and local face characteristics may improve the prediction. It is also suggested that human may set different criterions for“hit” and “rejection”and this may provide implications for biologically-inspired computational systems.

Human Friendly Interface Design for Virtual Fitting Room Applications on Android Based Mobile Devices

This paper presents an image processing design flow for virtual fitting room (VFR) applications, targeting both personal computers and mobile devices. The proposed human friendly interface is implemented by a three-stage algorithm: Detection and sizing of the user's body, detection of reference points based on face detection and augmented reality markers, and superimposition of the clothing over the user's image. Compared to other existing VFR systems, key difference is the lack of any proprietary hardware components or peripherals. Proposed VFR is software based and designed to be universally compatible as long as the device has a camera. Furthermore, JAVA implementation on Android based mobile systems is computationally efficient and it can run in real-time on existing mobile devices.

A Novel Wavelet Image Coding Method Incorporating with Human Face Detection

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FACE条件下冬小麦的光合适应

利用开放式CO2浓度升高(Free Air Carbon dioxide Enrichment)系统平台,于冬小麦开花期、乳熟期对旗叶进行气体交换测量,根据光合模型计算光合参数,研究550μL.L-1CO2对冬小麦旗叶光合能力的影响。结果表明,无论是在冬小麦开花期还是乳熟期,FACE圈内的小麦叶片在短时间高CO2浓度下初始出现的光合速率增强逐渐减弱或消失,即FACE圈内的小麦叶片表现出对高CO2浓度的光合适应现象。低氮、常规施氮水平下均发现了小麦旗叶的光合适应现象,但是光合适应现象与施氮量没有显著的线性关系。另外,研究发现,FACE系统中,冬小麦旗叶的SPAD值和叶绿素含量降低,这可能是导致FACE系统中小麦叶片出现光合适应现象的原因。

基于Eigenfaces方法的人脸检索

基于主成分分析的特征脸方法是人脸识别中的重要算法之一,本文提出利用特征脸对高考考生免冠照片进行相似度比对的检索方法,为验证提出方法的实用性和有效性,利用特征脸方法和考生照片库设计了人脸图像检索原型系统并进行了实验,实验结果表明本文方法能够有效检索出相似度较高的考生照片,具有一定的应用价值和研究意义。

(E)-2-Benzylidenecycloalkanones XII.*Kinetic Measurement of Bovine and Human Serum Albumine Interaction with Selected Chalcones and Their Cyclic Chalcone Analogues by UV Spectrophotometry

UV-VIS spectroscopic investigations of interaction of bovine and human serum albumin with selected chalcones (1) and their cyclic chalcone analogues: (E)-2-(4’-X-benzylidene-1-tetralones (3), benzosuberones (4) with dimethylamino and methoxy substituents and (E)-2-(2’,4’-dimethox- ybenzylidene)-1-indanone (2) were performed in polar respiration medium. Absorption maxima of the tested compounds were investigated in the presence of bovine and human serum albumin at the 0, 10, 30 and 60 minute timepoints of the interaction. The absorbance of all studied compounds in the presence of proteins decreased after one hour of the reaction. Molecule 4a showed the strongest and fastest kinet initial interaction with both albumins.

Stuck with the Sur-face： An Ethical Approach to Facial Disfigurement in Willa Cather＇s ＂The Profile＂

The human face consists of three dimensions： （1） the visible, static sur-face, （2） the mobile dimension, which communicates thoughts, emotions, and states of mind, and （3） the invisible dimension, the face aspars-pro-toto for the whole person who owns the face. In this latter sense, the human face is at the center of Emmanuel Levinas＇ theory of ethics： We encounter each other face-to-face, he argues, and it is the other＇s face that calls for my ethical response to the holiness of his/her wholeness and essence. The primary ethical imperative is： ＂Thou shalt not kill.＂ When we encounter a facially disfigured person, we usually fail to respond ethically because we concentrate on the disfigurement. The second dimension, as a result of the disfigurement, is often impaired and thus incapable of communicating in such a way that we can ＂read＂ the face. With our gaze fixed on the disfigured part of the face, we lose sight of the person as a whole. Metaphorically speaking, we could even say that we ＂kill＂ the person. Levinas conceives of the other＇s face not in its plastic manifestation. But the encounter with the other does at first take place as embodiment. According to Merleau-Ponty, this encounter is by definition interactive and dialogical. In Willa Cather＇s short story ＂The Profile,＂ young beautiful Virginia marries a portrait painter after he has finished her portrait in profile. The left side of her face is severely disfigured because of a burn. Her husband is waiting impatiently for her to talk about ＂it＂ and the suffering it must cause her in order to ＂heal＂ her with his love, but she behaves as if it did not exist and even likes to dress extravagantly. In the following analysis of the short story, it will be illustrated how the husband fails to respond to his wife＇s face＇s invitation to interact with it and get in touch with the wholeness of her person that it stands for. Instead, he reduces her to the disfigurement. When he finally names the scar, he metaphorically ＂kills＂ her, as well as their marriage.

FUNCTIONAL MAPPING OF THE HUMAN BRAIN DURING ACUPUNCTURE WITH MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGINGSOMATOSENSORY CORTEX ACTIVATION

Hegu (LI 4) is one of the most frequently used and most important analgesic points in Chinese acupuncture. It is particularly effective for treating disorders of the head and face. According to the meridian theory in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), the Large Intestine Meridian to which it belongs originates in the hand and terminates in the face. This theory is based, however, more on thousands of years of clinical experience rather than on scientific evidence. In our study of acupuncture effects on normal human volunteers with the non-invasive BOLD (blood oxygenation level dependant)technique for FMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging), we demonstrated widespread effects in the brain during acupuncture at Hegu and Zusanli (ST 36). A finding of special interest was observed in the primary somatosensory cortes (SI) during Hegu acupuncture. In additlon to activation of the area representing the hand in response to the sensory impulses arising from the site of stimulation, activation also occurred in the face representation in all 3 subjects brains studied by coronal brain sections. In one of these subjects activation in the face representation was even stronger than that in the hand representation. Areas representing the neck, trunk and other parts of the upper extremity also exhibited increase in signal intensity, subject to individual variability. As compared with Hegu, such effects were either absent or much weaker with acupuncture at Zusanli (ST 36) or with other forms of sensory stimulation to the hand. Functional mapping of the brain with MRI has provided the first direct evidence in support of the important role of Hegu acupuncture in TCM.

Outpatient Experience of Human Caring Scale （OEHC-Scale）： Improvement by Delphi Method

Based on the outpatient interview and literature review, the initial framework of the outpatient experience of human caring scale was formed with 9 dimensions of outpatient process. The research aim was to improve the scale by Delphi method. Sixteen experts in medical management, human caring or medical education were invited to evaluate the importance of the dimensions and items of the scale and provided some expertise via filling out the DeLphi consultation questionnaires twice in the consulting round. In the first round, the recovery rate showing the experts＇ positivity was 80%; the coefficient of reliability （Cr） ascertaining the authority of the evaluation was 0.92; the mean and full mark ratios responding the concentration of the evaluation were 2.88-4.94 and 6.25%-93.75% respectively; the coefficients of variation （CV） and the Kendall＇s W determining the concordance of the evaluation were 5.06%-52.15% and 0.21-0.24 respectively. In the second round, the recovery rate was 93.75%; the Cr was 0.93; the mean was 3.93-4.93; the full mark ratios were 26.67%-93.33%; the Kendall＇s W was 0.14- 0.31, the CV was 5.25%-23.61%. Via the two-round Delphi study, the scale that included 10 dimensions and 61 items has been improved. Ten dimensions are pre-hospital medical service, guidance, registration, waiting, diagnosis ＆ treatment, paying, inspection ＆ assay, medicine receiving, therapy/injection/transfusion and global evaluation. It was concluded that Chinese scholars have paid high attention to human caring and outpatient experience. The experts have given high agreements about the dimensions which were established with Chinese outpatient process. The dimensions are different from the similar researches about outpatient experience study. In the future, it is necessary to survey the outpatients to test the construct validity, internal consistency reliability and others of the scale to improve the scale.

Robust video foreground segmentation and face recognition

Face recognition provides a natural visual interface for human computer interaction （HCI） applications. The process of face recognition, however, is inhibited by variations in the appearance of face images caused by changes in lighting, expression, viewpoint, aging and introduction of occlusion. Although various algorithms have been presented for face recognition, face recognition is still a very challenging topic. A novel approach of real time face recognition for HCI is proposed in the paper. In view of the limits of the popular approaches to foreground segmentation, wavelet multi-scale transform based background subtraction is developed to extract foreground objects. The optimal selection of the threshold is automatically determined, which does not require any complex supervised training or manual experimental calibration. A robust real time face recognition algorithm is presented, which combines the projection matrixes without iteration and kernel Fisher discriminant analysis （KFDA） to overcome some difficulties existing in the real face recognition. Superior performance of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated by comparing with other algorithms through experiments. The proposed algorithm can also be applied to the video image sequences of natural HCI.

DISTANCE MEASURING MODELING AND ERROR ANALYSIS OF DUALCCD VISION SYSTEM SIMULATING HUMAN EYES AND NECK

A dual-CCD simulating human eyes and neck (DSHEN) vision system is putforward. Its structure and principle are introduced. The DSREN vision system can perform somemovements simulating human eyes and neck by means of four rotating joints, and realize preciseobject recognizing and distance measuring in all orientations. The mathematic model of the DSHENvision system is built, and its movement equation is solved. The coordinate error and measureprecision affected by the movement parameters are analyzed by means of intersection measuringmethod. So a theoretic foundation for further research on automatic object recognizing and precisetarget tracking is provided.

Diagnostic and Analysis of Human Sperm Characteristics Using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy

A spectroscopic method for human sperm evaluation and characterization using Fourier Transform Infra Red (FTIR) is presented. The high sensitivity of FTIR to changes in chemical structure and arrangement of molecules and proteins makes it a powerful diagnostic tool. Our experimental results show that a simple MIR (400 cm-1?- 4000 cm-1) transmission spectrum of a human sperm is very fast and can be used to determine the level of structure, compare to conventional LAB tests. No sample preparations are required, the semen has to be put on a special ZnSe substrate and inserted into the measurement compartment of the FTIR. Furthermore, this method can distinguish between immature sperm cell to white blood cell which by using a microscope is difficult and re-quires experience.

Gray Model of Human Body Shape

In order to determine the control dimensions of human body in pattern construction and provide the basis for size specification in clothing industry, a gray model is described and established in the application of predicting size specification. By comparing the features of gray model and regression model, it is proved that the former has many advantages over the latter, i.e. more practical and more effective in this application. So it is strongly suggested to apply the innovative gray model instead of the traditional regression model to facilitate the calculation procedure in pattern construction.

基于Metaface字典学习与核稀疏表示的人脸识别方法

完备的稀疏表示方法近年来应用在人脸识别中并取得较好的结果,它可以仅利用样本的随机投影完成对测试样本的识别。在实际应用中,由于受光照、遮挡等因素的影响,测试样本并不能通过训练样本的线性组合得到很好的稀疏重构。本文提出了基于Metaface字典学习与核稀疏表示的人脸识别方法,借助核技巧,将数据样本和字典集映射到高维的未知空间,以解决特征的非线性相似问题。在核空间对数据样本进行稀疏重构,得到数据在核空间的一种简洁的稀疏表达方式从而提高识别率,而Metaface字典学习框架的引入可以得到更加精炼的字典,从全局上提高识别率。通过在ORL人脸库、Yale人脸库和AR人脸库的实验表明,同等情况下,本文提出的方法优于PCA,SVM,SRC等方法,进一步提高了人脸识别率,具有较好的应用价值。

Distribution laws of abutment pressure around fully mechanized top-coal caving face by in-situ measurement

In order to obtain the distribution rules of abutment pressure around the 1151 （3） fully mechanized top-coal caving （FMTC） face of Xieqiao Colliery, the KSE-II-1 type bore-hole stress gauges were installed in the tailentry and headentry to measure the mining-induced stress. The distribution rules of the front and side abutment pressure were demonstrated. The results show that distribution rules of stress are obviously different in the vicinity of the face and entries. The peak value of abutment pressure in the protective coal pillar and face are located commonly in front of the working face along the strike, and they are located at the stress-decreased zone near the face. There is no stress peak value in the lateral coal mass beside the headentry in front of the face on the strike, and the peak value of abutment pressure appears at the rear area of the face. There are stress peak values both in the protective coal pillar and in the lateral coal mass beside the headentry to the dip.

Measurement of the surface morphology of plasma facing components on the EAST tokamak by a laser speckle interferometry approach

The laser speckle interferometry approach provides the possibility of an in situ optical noncontacted measurement for the surface morphology of plasma facing components(PFCs),and the reconstruction image of the PFC surface morphology is computed by a numerical model based on a phase unwrapping algorithm.A remote speckle interferometry measurement at a distance of three meters for real divertor tiles retired from EAST was carried out in the laboratory to simulate a real detection condition on EAST.The preliminary surface morphology of the divertor tiles was well reproduced by the reconstructed geometric image.The feasibility and reliability of this approach for the real-time measurement of PFCs have been demonstrated.