Analysis of Protein and Isoenzyme of LiLum davidii var.unicolor,Lilium Asiatic Hybrids and Their Hybrid F_1

[Objective]The paper was to provide theoretical basis for selection of parental combination and early identification of hybrids.[Method]The soluble protein and peroxidase of LiLum davidii var.unicolor,Lilium Asiatic hybrids and their filial generations were analyzed using polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technique.[Result]The protein spectrum of filial generation with L.davidii var.unicolor as parent not only appeared the homologous band as parent with darker coloring,but also had new bands compared with parent.Peroxidase zymogram of hybrid F1 mainly displayed incomplete complementary and hybrid type of parent.[Conclusion]Protein spectrum and peroxidase zymogram could be used as the biochemical markers for the identification of hybrids of lily,which could also detect the target traits of plant.

Anther Culture about Hybrid F_1 by Solanum torvum SW.(♂) × Solanum melongena L.(♀)

Objective] This study was conducted to investigate the effects of different hormone combinations and concentrations on cal us induction and pIant regeneration of F1 hybrid of Solanum torvum SW. ＆#215; Solanum melongena L. [Method] Media suppIemented with different combinations and concentrations of hormones were pre-pared for anther cal us induction, proIiferation, differentiation and regeneration. [Re-sult] MS＋1.0 m/L 2, 4-D＋0.5 mg/L 6-BA was the optimum medium for anther cal us induction. MS＋1.0 mg/L KT＋0.1 mg/L NAA was the optimum medium for cal us proIiferation. MS＋2.0 mg/L 6-BA＋0.3 mg/L NAA was the optimum medium for in-duction of adventitious buds. MS＋0.3 mg/L IAA was the optimum medium for root-ing of adventitious buds. The highest rooting rate was onIy 37.5 because induction of rooting was a difficuIt work. [Conclusion] The resuIts wiI provide references for outcross fertiIity and genetic improvement of eggpIant.

Asymmetric orbital hybridization in Zn-doped antiperovskite Cu_(1-x)Zn_(x)NMn_(3)enables highly efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen production

Rational design of efficient and robust earth-abundant alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction(HER)catalysts is a key factor for developing energy conversion technologies.Currently,antiperovskite nitride CuNMn_(3)has garnered significant interest due to its remarkable properties such as negative/zero thermal expansion and magnetocaloric effects.However,when utilized as hydrogen evolution catalysts,it encounters large challenge resulting from excessively strong/weak interactions with adsorbed H on Mn/Cu active sites,which leads to low HER activity.In this study,we introduce an asymmetric orbital hybridization strategy in Zn-doped Cu_(1-x)Zn_(x)NMn_(3)by leveraging the localization of Zn electronic states to reconfigure the electronic structures of Cu and Mn,thereby reducing the energy barrier for water dissociation and optimizing Cu and Mn active sites for hydrogen adsorption and H_(2)production.Electrochemical evaluations reveal that Cu_(0.85)Zn_(0.15)NMn_(3)with x=0.15 demonstrates exceptional electrocatalytic activity in alkaline electrolytes.A low overpotential of 52 mV at 10 mA cm^(-2)and outstanding stability over a 150-h test period are achieved,surpassing commercial Pt/C.This research offers a novel strategy for enhancing HER performance by modulating asymmetric hybridization of electron orbitals between multiple metal atoms within a material structure.

Evaluation of hybrid closed-loop insulin delivery system in type 1 diabetes in real-world clinical practice:One-year observational study

BACKGROUND In 2016,the Food and Drug Administration approved the first hybrid closed-loop(HCL)insulin delivery system for adults with type 1 diabetes(T1D).There is limited information on the impact of using HCL systems on patient-reported outcomes(PROs)in patients with T1D in real-world clinical practice.In this independent study,we evaluated glycemic parameters and PROs over one year of continuous use of Medtronic’s 670G HCL in real-world clinical practice.AIM To assess the effects of hybrid closed loop system on glycemic control and quality of life in adults with T1D.METHODS We evaluated 71 patients with T1D(mean age:45.5±12.1 years;59%females;body weight:83.8±18.7 kg,body mass index:28.7±5.6 kg/m2,A1C:7.6%±0.8%)who were treated with HCL at Joslin Clinic from 2017 to 2019.We measured A1C and percent of glucose time-in-range(%TIR)at baseline and 12 months.We measured percent time in auto mode(%TiAM)for the last two weeks preceding the final visit and assessed PROs through several validated quality-of-life surveys related to general health and diabetes management.RESULTS At 12 mo,A1C decreased by 0.3%±0.1%(P=0.001)and%TIR increased by 8.1%±2.5%(P=0.002).The average%TiAM was only 64.3%±32.8%and was not associated with A1C,%TIR or PROs.PROs,provided at baseline and at the end of the study,showed that the physical functioning submodule of 36Item Short-Form Health Survey increased significantly by 22.9%(P<0.001).Hypoglycemia fear survey/worry scale decreased significantly by 24.9%(P<0.000);Problem Areas In Diabetes reduced significantly by-17.2%(P=0.002).The emotional burden submodules of dietary diversity score reduced significantly by-44.7%(P=0.001).Furthermore,analysis of Clarke questionnaire showed no increase in awareness of hypoglycemic episodes.WHO-5 showed no improvements in subject’s wellbeing among participants after starting the 670G HCL system.Finally,analysis of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index showed no difference in sleep quality,sleep latency,or duration of sleep from baseline to 12 mo.CONCLUSION The use of HCL in real-world clinical practice for one year was associated with significant improvements in A1C,%TIR,physical functioning,hypoglycemia fear,emotional distress,and emotional burden related to diabetes management.However,these changes were not associated with time in auto mode.

A New Towel Gourd F_1 hybrid——‘Taisi NO.3'

＇Taisi N0.3＇ is an early mid-maturing towel gourd F1 hybrid developed by crossing Ps17-6-5-2-10-8 as female parent and Ps39-3-8-4-6-5 as male parent. The period from sowing to first harvest is about 75 days in spring cropping. It grows exuberantly in early stage and better in middle and later stages; leaves are green and palmately divided; the maximum leaf＇s length and width are about 25.5 and 33.7 cm. It bears fruit at the main and lateral branch. The first female flower sets on the 7^th-8^th node, and the fruit-setting rate is 72.8%. The fruit-setting rate is high. Its fruit is long round stick shape, 47.4 cm in length, and 3.75 cm in width, with smooth and green skin covered by dark green stripes, dense flesh. The fruit tastes good, with high Vc content. It is resistant to downy mildew, moderately resistant to CMV, and highly resistant to blight. The average fruit weight is about 282.3 g with the general yield of 82 500 kg/hm2.

Preliminary Report on the Breeding of F_1 Hybrid Between Broccolini with High Sulforaphane

Through the use of broccolini innovation resources, a group of unique ex- cellent broccolini and male sterile lines, as well as inbred lines were bred. In the research, 4 hybrid strains were bred by the use of male sterile lines which had vigorous growth, high resistance, good quality, good commodity and high yield, in- cluding Beauty No.l, Beauty No.2, Beauty No.3, Beauty No.4. The results showed that Beauty No.2 behaved the best comprehensive characters of high yield, high commercial value and good taste. The yield of Beauty No.2 was 28 185 kg/hm2 and 25% higher than the control Qianxiu, the sulforaphane content was as high as 48 mg/kg and 77.8%, 272.1% higher than the control of Qianxiu and Manuolv broc- coli, respectively. The comprehensive character of Beauty No.1 ranked the second, the yield was the highest （29 265 kg/hm2） and 30% than the control Qianxiu.

Electrophoretic Analysis of Isozymes and Proteins in F_1 Hybrids of Ctenopharyngodon idellus ♀ × Elopichthys bambusa ♂

[ Objective] This study aimed to investigate the biochemical and genetic characteristics of F1 hybrids of Ctenopharyngodon idellus ♀× Elopichthys bambusa ♂ - [ Method ] By using vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technology, three isozymes （LDH, EST, MDH） in nine tissues （heart, brain, eyes, liver, kidney, spleen, fin, muscle, plasma） of F1 hybrids of C. ideUus and parents were compared. [Result] Three isozymes in F1 hybrids of ♀× E. bambusa ♀ were analyzed; differences in isozyme and proteins between F1 hybrids idellus ♀× E. bambusa ♀ exhibited varying degrees of tissue-specificity; isozymes and proteins in F, hybrids were signiticandy different from the parents. [ Conclusion] These nine differences could be used as indicators to identify F1 hybrids and parents.

梨杂交F_(1)果实性状遗传倾向分析

以延边大香水为母本,红香酥、早酥、红茄、晋酥、晋密、鄂梨1号和云红1号为父本的7个梨杂交组合F_(1)为试材,对果实性状进行连续3年调查,总结分析果实性状遗传倾向,以期为梨遗传育种提供参考依据。结果表明:杂种F_(1)单果重、果实横径、果实纵径、果柄长度、果柄粗度、果形指数及可溶性固形物等7个性状都有趋中遗传倾向。其中,单果重产生退化,向小果遗传趋势强;可溶性固形物和果形指数变异系数较小,遗传传递力较高;果柄粗度呈趋中偏低遗传,果柄长度、果实横径、果实纵径呈趋中偏高遗传。对不同组合果实性状遗传倾向研究认为果实底色、萼片类型、萼洼深度、质地、汁液、风味等性状受母本影响较大,为母性遗传;萼洼广度有趋中遗传倾向;果实香气受父本影响较大;果实面色可隔代遗传。以上研究结果为梨果实性状遗传规律研究及杂交育种亲本的选择选配提供参考价值。

Genotypic Resistance of F_1 Cotton Hybrids by Inoculation with Different Virulent Isolates of the Fungus Verticillium Dahliae Klebahn

The plant pathogen Verticillium dahliae causes severe cotton losses in Uzbekistan. To create cotton varieties that are resistant to the more virulent races of V.dahliae we wanted to determine

杜湖杂交F_(1)代羔羊与湖羊生产性能比较研究

本研究旨在通过对纯种湖羊羔羊和杜泊羊与湖羊杂交F_(1)代羔羊生产性能进行比较,探讨在榆林当地舍饲条件下用杜泊羊与湖羊杂交对湖羊肉用性能的改良效果。试验选择30只遗传背景相同、生长状况良好、经产且繁殖性能正常的湖羊母羊,随机分为2组,分别用湖羊公羊(HH组)、杜泊公羊进行交配(DH组),测定并比较2组母羊的繁殖性能、羔羊的生长性能、6月龄羔羊的屠宰性能和肉质性能。结果表明:母羊繁殖性能各性状在DH组和HH组间均无显著差异;在生长性能方面,DH组羔羊2月龄、3月龄、4月龄及6月龄体重均极显著高于HH组,而初生重差异不显著,且2组间的日增重除在3~4月龄间差异不显著外,其余0~2月龄、2~3月龄、4~6月龄各阶段的日增重均为DH组显著大于HH组,而6月龄体尺指标除胸围为DH组显著高于HH组外,其余指标包括体高、体长、十字部高、胸宽、胸深及管围在2组间均差异不显著;6月龄羔羊屠宰性能所测各指标均为DH组高于HH组,且屠宰率差异显著,而宰前活重、胴体重、净肉重、肉骨比、胴体产肉率差异极显著;肉质性能测定中,DH组的熟肉率显著高于HH组,其他肉品质所测指标、肌肉常规营养成分均无显著差异。说明在榆林当地舍饲条件下,用杜泊羊与湖羊进行经济杂交可显著提高F1代羔羊的生长性能和屠宰性能,而对F1代羔羊羊肉品质无显著影响。

Lightweight and highly robust memristor-based hybrid neural networks for electroencephalogram signal processing

Memristor-based neuromorphic computing shows great potential for high-speed and high-throughput signal processing applications,such as electroencephalogram(EEG)signal processing.Nonetheless,the size of one-transistor one-resistor(1T1R)memristor arrays is limited by the non-ideality of the devices,which prevents the hardware implementation of large and complex networks.In this work,we propose the depthwise separable convolution and bidirectional gate recurrent unit(DSC-BiGRU)network,a lightweight and highly robust hybrid neural network based on 1T1R arrays that enables efficient processing of EEG signals in the temporal,frequency and spatial domains by hybridizing DSC and BiGRU blocks.The network size is reduced and the network robustness is improved while ensuring the network classification accuracy.In the simulation,the measured non-idealities of the 1T1R array are brought into the network through statistical analysis.Compared with traditional convolutional networks,the network parameters are reduced by 95%and the network classification accuracy is improved by 21%at a 95%array yield rate and 5%tolerable error.This work demonstrates that lightweight and highly robust networks based on memristor arrays hold great promise for applications that rely on low consumption and high efficiency.

抗TYLCV口感型番茄新品种浙味2号的选育

浙味2号是以自交系T18-238AA为母本,以T20-055A为父本,结合分子标记辅助筛选技术,利用常规杂交育种方法育成的中果型口感番茄一代杂种。早熟,无限生长类型,果实圆形,成熟果粉红色,光泽度好,耐裂,商品性优良,口感丰富,风味浓郁,单果质量120 g左右;高抗番茄黄化曲叶病毒病(TYLCV),抗番茄花叶病毒病(ToMV)、枯萎病、灰叶斑病、根结线虫,可溶性固形物含量8.5%,番茄红素含量68.29 mg·kg^(-1),VC含量197 mg·kg^(-1),可溶性总糖含量58 g·kg^(-1),可滴定酸含量3.84 g·kg^(-1),糖酸比15.10,每667 m^(2)产量4000 kg左右,适宜浙江省及周边区域早春、秋延后保护地栽培。

樱桃番茄新品种‘宁樱红1号’的选育

‘宁樱红1号’樱桃番茄是以411为母本,以1411为父本选育的樱桃番茄一代杂交种,无限生长型,生长势强,节间短,成熟早,多歧花序,单花序坐果数12~25个,果圆桃心形,成熟果亮红色,单果质量约20 g,可溶性固形物含量10.23%,番茄红素含量0.11 mg·g^(-1),维生素C含量0.47 mg·g^(-1),心室数多为2个,口感甜,汁多,坐果能力强,颜色亮丽,含有叶霉病抗性基因Cf5、灰叶斑抗性基因Sm、晚疫病抗性基因ph3、疮痂病抗性基因Rx4、黄萎病抗性基因Ve1、Ve2,果实耐裂;适合露地,冬春茬温室和早春、秋延大拱棚,667 m2产量3400~4000 kg。

朝天椒新品种单田芳6号的选育

单田芳6号是以高代自交系DP1-8为母本,以KS8-1为父本配制而成的大果型单生朝天椒一代杂种。株型紧凑,株高78 cm左右,开展度72 cm左右,分枝能力和坐果能力强。果实指形、顺直、美观,果面光滑,纵径7.0~9.0 cm,横径1.0 cm左右,青熟果绿色,红熟果鲜红色,中辣,鲜果VC含量650 mg·kg^(-1),辣椒素含量0.16%。中早熟,始花节位第11节左右,定植至始收90 d(天)左右。抗疫病,每667 m^(2)鲜椒产量4500 kg左右,适宜河南、安徽、甘肃、河北、湖北、江苏、宁夏、山东、山西、陕西、四川、新疆等地早春保护地或越夏露地种植。

弄岗金花茶与金花茶种间杂交F_(1)代表型性状遗传分析

为了研究金花茶观赏性状的遗传与变异特性,以弄岗金花茶(Camellia longgangensis)和金花茶(Camellia nitidissima)杂交获得的F1代群体为研究对象,对亲本和F1代植株花径、花冠高度、花瓣数量、株高、地径等9个性状进行统计分析。结果表明:杂交F_(1)代表型变异系数的变异范围为4.09%~32.01%;F_(1)代植株在亲本花色遗传上,倾向于双亲中间色;在花期遗传上,更倾向于母本;杂交子代的花径、花瓣长、花瓣宽、株高、地径、叶长、叶宽平均值均大于中亲值,具中亲值优势;花瓣长、地径、叶宽平均值均超过高亲,具高亲值优势。相关性分析发现,花径与叶长呈极显著负相关;花冠高度、花瓣宽、叶宽与叶长呈极显著正相关,花瓣长与花瓣宽呈极显著正相关。这些遗传趋势和特点,对金花茶的进一步育种工作有重要的指导作用。

高寒地区不同肉羊品种与欧拉型藏羊杂交试验研究

本试验旨在研究高寒地区引进肉羊品种澳洲白羊、杜泊羊、无角陶赛特羊与欧拉型藏羊杂交F_(1)代屠宰性能和胴体品质。试验选择3~4月龄的澳藏F_(1)、杜藏F_(1)、陶藏F_(1)为试验组,欧拉型藏羊为对照组,在相同的饲养管理条件下,进行生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的测定。结果表明,澳藏F_(1)、杜藏F_(1)和陶藏F_(1)的初生重和藏羊组比较,分别增加了0.28、0.23、0.11 kg,显著高于对照组;2月龄重、4月龄重比藏羊组分别增加了4.41(P<0.01)、2.47(P<0.01)、0.97 kg(P<0.05)和6.83(P<0.01)、2.74(P<0.01)、2.01 kg(P<0.01);胴体重分别比藏羊组高5.97、4.37、4.09 kg,差异极显著;杜藏F_(1)的屠宰率最高,为54.89%,极显著高于藏羊组;眼肌面积分别比藏羊组高3.84、4.33、4.11 cm^(2),差异极显著;后驱重分别比藏羊组高3.38%、2.82%和2.63%,差异极显著。从生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质方面综合评价,杜藏杂交组合模式最为理想,利用杜泊羊改良欧拉型藏羊胴体品质作用显著。因此,本研究通过分析国外优良品种澳洲白羊、杜泊羊、无角陶赛特羊与欧拉型藏羊杂交F_(1)代屠宰性能和胴体品质,旨在为提高当地欧拉型藏羊的生产性能提供科学依据。

设施栽培番茄新品种闽农科1号的选育

闽农科1号是以自交系SH5-3-1-1-1-1-1为母本、SH2-1-1-1-1-1-1为父本选育而成的杂交1代高抗设施型番茄新品种。该品种为无限生长类型,植株长势强,单式花序为主,始花节位7~11节,坐果能力强。单果质量170~210 g,果实近圆形,完熟果大红色,无绿肩,有鲜艳色泽,畸裂果率低,硬度高。果实可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)4.4%、番茄红素含量3.70 mg·100 g^(-1)、维生素C含量10.60 mg·100 g^(-1)、总糖含量2.6 g·100 g^(-1)、总酸含量6.11 g·100 g^(-1)、蛋白质含量2.53 g·100 g^(-1)。667 m2产量5000 kg以上,高抗番茄黄化曲叶病毒病(TYLCV)、枯萎病和根结线虫病等病害,适宜于福建省秋冬季设施栽培。2020年9月通过农业农村部非主要农作物品种登记。

南瓜新品种馨兰1号的选育

馨兰1号是以H2016-6-1为母本、H2016-13-4为父本杂交选育而成的南瓜新品种。该品种早熟、果实发育期为29 d,全生育期为90 d。植株长势健壮,叶片浓绿肥厚。第1雌花节位在第8节左右。果实扁圆形,果皮深绿色,果线细长浅绿色,果肉鲜黄色,果肉厚度2.2 cm。连续坐果能力强,单株结瓜2~3个,果实膨大速度快。果肉甘面如板栗,干物质含量(w,后同)21.8%。平均单果质量2.1 kg,667 m^(2)产量2300 kg,抗病毒病能力强,耐贮运性好。该品种适宜在黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、内蒙古、新疆、山东、河北、海南、湖南和山西等地早春露地栽培。

甜椒新品种‘冀研119’的选育

‘冀研119’是以甜椒雄性不育两用系AB91-WL11-4322为母本,以自交系MY12-2-6-2-3-2为父本选配成的甜椒杂种一代。中早熟,始花节位在9~11节,植株生长势强,连续坐果能力强,果实灯笼形,3~4心室,果面光滑有光泽,商品成熟果为绿色,生理成熟时转黄色,果实纵径10.5 cm左右,果实横径8.9 cm,平均单果鲜质量245 g,果实商品性好,感官品质优良,味甜质脆,可溶性糖含量为32.26 mg/g(FW)、Vc含量108.3 mg/100 g(FW);抗病性强,室内及田间抗病性鉴定结果表明,冀研119耐疫病、抗病毒病、中抗炭疽病。每667 m^(2)平均鲜椒产量4 000 kg,适合在河北石家庄、邯郸、张家口、承德等地采用塑料大棚春提前种植,或在石家庄采用日光温室秋延后种植,在邯郸采用塑料大棚秋延后种植。

樱桃番茄新品种珍味1号的选育

珍味1号是以自交系W-1-3-1-4为母本,以B-1-2-1-2-1为父本配制而成的粉红果樱桃番茄一代杂种。早熟,无限生长类型,植株生长势较强,叶量较少,以多岐花序为主;成熟果粉红色,幼果有绿果肩,果实短椭圆形,口味酸甜,可溶性固形物含量9.5%,番茄红素含量66.2 mg·kg^(-1),VC含量289.3 mg·kg^(-1);坐果能力强,平均单果质量18 g,6穗果后留2片叶摘心,每667 m^(2)前期产量850 kg左右,总产量3300 kg左右,高抗黄瓜花叶病毒病(CMV)、枯萎病,中抗烟草花叶病毒病(TMV)、番茄黄化曲叶病毒病(TYLCV),适合上海、江苏、浙江地区春季保护地种植。