Hybridization between salt resistant and salt susceptible genotypes of mungbean(Vigna radiata L.Wilczek)and purity testing of the hybrids using SSRs markers

Six cultivated and two wild genotypes of mungbean（Vigna radiata L. Wilczek） possessing variation for phenotypic and genotypic response for salt tolerance were hybridized. Hybridization results showed successful pod set and significant variations in cross-compatibility of investigated genotypes. Genotypes PLM 380 and PLM 562 showed promising combining ability with all genotypes. Results revealed significant crossing compatibility between V. radiata and V. sublobata. The cross ability ranged from 1.99 to 5.12%（average 3.08%）. Molecular analysis confirmed the hybrids purity. All F_1 seeds were bold, green/shiny green and germinated between 3 to 5 days. Hybrid plants were normal, fertile and healthier over their respective progenitors. Uniform flowering and maturity of the hybrids showed absence of any defect or alteration in plant habit and life cycle of the hybrids. The hybrid plants showed increase in yield characteristics as no. of pods, pod length, 100 seeds weight, and yield per plant. Number of pods containing F_2 seeds ranged from 5–8 per cluster. The F_2 seeds were collected and stored for further research. Present study suggests that salt resistant wild relatives or cultivars of mungbean can be explored by breeding as a source of useful traits/genes providing salt tolerance. This may help in development of best mungbean variety for saline prone areas. Micro-satellite markers linked to the trait/genes may assist breeding by early selection of the genotypes compared to the phenotypic screening.

Effects of Fleckvieh on the Performance of Dual-Purpose Cattle Improved by Hybridization with Local Beef Cows

[Objective] The paper aimed to study the improved effect of local beef cattle with Fleckvieh cattle and provide theoretical basic data for local cattle industry in central plain agricultural area in China. [Method] With 500 local beef cattle as female parents and Fleckvieh cattle as male parents,hybridization improvement was conducted via artificial insemination. The growth performance,slaughter performance,milk performance and milk components of F1 and F2 hybrids were measured. [Result] The birth body weights of F2 were significantly higher than those of local beef cow,but there was no remarkable difference between F1 and local beef cow or F1 and F2. The growth rates of F1 and F2 at different stages were higher than those of local beef cattle. The slaughter performance,such as carcass weight( P < 0. 05),dressing percentage,net meat rate( P < 0. 05),marbling score of F1 and F2 were higher than those of local beef cow. Milk production performance,such as actual milk yield,305 d corrected milk yield and 4% standard milk yield of F2 were signally higher than those of F1 and local beef cattle( P< 0. 05),and F1 was markedly higher than local beef cattle( P < 0. 05). For milk composition,although milk fat percentage,milk protein rate,lactose rate and total solids( TS) of F1 and F2 were slightly lowered compared with local beef cattle at varying degrees,they were still at high levels compared with Holstein cows.[Conclusion]Fleckvieh cattle,as a male parent,can significantly improved growth performance,slaughter performance and milk performance of offsprings. It would also increases the economic efficiency of local beef cattle by higher quality and price,as well as changing production model from beef to dual purpose of beef and milk.

Improvement of Fiber Quality by Distant Hybridization in the Green Cotton

In order to improve fiber quality of green cotton,a wide hybrid was used between a green fiber cotton and Sea Island cotton.The results show that the hybrid F1 plants were stable,but F2

A new method to identify and improve the purity of hybrid rice with herbicide resistant gene

There is a close relationship between the hy—brid rice production and seed purity.Two-linehybrid rice with higher heterosis is producedthrough the hybridization between a photo-thermo sensitive genetic male sterile(GMS) rice line and a paternal variety.But the fertili-

Band Edge Emission Improvement by Energy Transfer in HybridⅢ-Nitride/Organic Semiconductor Nanostructure

GaN nanorods are fabricated using inductively coupled plasma etching with Ni nano-island masks. The poly [2- methoxy-5-（2-ethyl）hexoxy-l,4-phenylenevinylene] （MEH-PPV）/GaN-nanorod hybrid structure is fabricated by depositing the MEH-PPV film on the GaN nanorods by using the spin-coating process. In the hybrid structure, the spatial separation is minimized to achieve high-emciency non-radiative resonant energy transfer. Optical properties of a novel device consisting of MEH-PPV/GaN-nanorod hybrid structure is studied by analyzing photoluminescenee （PL） spectra. Compared with the pure GaN nanorods, the PL intensity of the band edge emission of GaN in the MEH-PPV/GaN-nanorods is enhanced as much as three times, and the intensity of the yellow band is suppressed slightly. The obtained results are analyzed by energy transfer between the GaN nanorods and the MEH-PPV. An energy transfer model is proposed to explain the phenomenon.

Use of Interspecific Hybrids in the Texas A&M University Cotton Improvement Laboratory

Integrating alleles from Gossypium species into G.hirsutum is important for the enhancement of genetic variability and for creating polymorphism useful in molecular mapping studies.Through collaborative efforts,several species including G.barbadense,G.tomentosum,and G.mustelinum

Breeding lines with neutral genes to improve fertility of intersubspecific hybrid rice

Since the sterility-neutral allele S~n has been incorporatedinto indica or japonica varieties, many intersubspecifichybrids have been released commercially. These hybridsshowed high heterosis, but some of them exhibited unstableseed setting rate under low temperature. When the hybridsflowered at low temperature, the fertility of female gamete

Flight control for air-breathing hypersonic vehicles using linear quadratic regulator design based on stochastic robustness analysis

The flight dynamics model of air-breathing hypersonic vehicles （AHVs） is highly nonlinear and multivariable cou- pling, and includes inertial uncertainties and external disturbances that require strong, robust, and high-accuracy controllers. In this paper, we propose a linear-quadratic regulator （LQR） design method based on stochastic robustness analysis for the longitudinal dynamics of AHVs. First, input/output feedback linearization is used to design LQRs. Second, subject to various system parameter uncertainties, system robustness is characterized by the probability of stability and desired performance. Then, the mapping rela- tionship between system robustness and LQR parameters is established. Particularly, to maximize system robustness, a novel hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed to search for the optimal LQR parameters. During the search iteration, a Chernoff bound algorithm is applied to determine the finite sample size of Monte Carlo evaluation with the given prohabilily levels. Finally, simulation results show that the optimization algorithm can effectively find the optimal solution to the LQR parameters.