Lanthanum Relieved Toxic Effects Caused by Nickel in Hydrocharis dubia B L. Backer Leaves

The paper briefly dealt with relieving toxic effects of La on high aquatic plant-Hydrocharis dubia B L. Backer growing in the solution containing different concentration of Ni. The results show that La can relieve the reduction of chlorophyll content, the accumulation of MDA(malondiadehyde) and the elevation of relative membrane penetrability (RMP). After adding 10 mg . L-1 La to the solution, the activities of SOD and CAT in the leaves of Hydrocharis dubia B L. Backer increases compared with those of the single treatment of Ni, while the activity of POD decreases. It reveals that la enhances the abilities of scavenging the activated oxygen in the plant and alleviates the damage to the membranes. The soluble protein content with Ni and La compound treatment is higher than that of single Ni does, and proline content is contrary to the soluble protein content. So La improves the resistance of Hydrocharis dubia B. L. Backer to the stress of Ni. However, La can aggravate the damage to the cells under the extremely high concentration of Ni treatment.

镧缓解镍对水鳖叶片的毒害效应研究

以水鳖叶片为实验材料,研究了重金属Ni毒害下La的缓解效应。La能缓解重金属Ni胁迫导致的水鳖(HydrocharisdubiaBL Backer)叶片叶绿素含量的降低,细胞膜透性(relativemembranepenetrability)的增加和丙二醛(MDA)的积累。加入10mg·L-1La后与同浓度的单一Ni处理相比,超氧化物歧化酶(SOD),过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性有不同程度的增强,过氧化物酶(POD)活性有所减弱,表明它增强了对活性氧的清除能力,缓解了Ni对膜的伤害;可溶性蛋白含量则保持较高的水平,脯氨酸(proline)含量刚好相反,体现出La能增强水鳖对Ni胁迫的抗性,两组不同处理差异显著。而高浓度Ni处理,La则与Ni协同,从而加快细胞死亡进程。因此,La只能缓解一定浓度Ni对水鳖的毒害(Ni<10mg·L-1),而对高浓度Ni缓解效应不明显甚至加剧毒害作用。

Cr^(6+)污染对水鳖的叶绿素含量和几种酶活性的影响

主要研究Ｃｒ６＋污染对水鳖的外部形态及叶绿素含量、过氧化物酶活性、硝酸还原酶活性等生理指标的影响．Ｃｒ６＋对水鳖毒害结果显示是抑制其对水分的吸收，在８～３２μｇ／ｇ范围内毒害程度与处理时间和浓度呈正相关．在高浓度时短期处理的叶边缘开始出现干枯，根尖腐烂．在短期内４μｇ／ｇ，８μｇ／ｇ的Ｋ２Ｃｒ２Ｏ７能提高水鳖叶中叶绿素的含量，而１６μｇ／ｇ，３２μｇ／ｇ的Ｋ２Ｃｒ２Ｏ７则降低叶中叶绿素的含量．过氧化物酶活性则随着处理浓度的升高而升高．硝酸还原酶的活性在短期内４μｇ／ｇ最高，８μｇ／ｇ也略高于对照．１６μｇ／ｇ。