Food-derived bio-functional peptides for the management of hyperuricemia and associated mechanism

Hyperuricemia,a metabolic disorder related to uric acid metabolism dysregulation,has become a common metabolic disease worldwide,due to changes in lifestyle and dietary structure.In recent years,owing to their high activity and few adverse effects,food-derived active peptides used as functional foods against hyperuricemia have attracted increasing attention.This article aims to focus on the challenge associated with peptide-specific preparation methods development,functional components identification,action mechanism(s)clarification,and bioavailability improvement.The current review proposed recent advances in producing the food-derived peptides with high anti-hyperuricemia activity by protein source screening and matched enzymatic hydrolysis condition adjusting,increased the knowledge about strategies to search antihyperuricemia peptides with definite structure,and emphasized the necessity of combining computer-aided approaches and activity evaluations.In addition,novel action mechanism mediated by gut microbiota was discussed,providing different insights from classical mechanism.Moreover,considering that little attention was paid previously on the structure-activity relationships of anti-hyperuricemia peptides,we collected the sequences from published studies and make a preliminary summary about the structure-activity relationships,which in turn provided guides for enzymatic hydrolysis optimization and bioavailability improvement.Hopefully,this article could promote the development,application and commercialization of food-derived anti-hyperuricemia peptides in the future.

A novel strain of Levilactobacillus brevis PDD-5 isolated from salty vegetables has beneficial effects on hyperuricemia through anti-inflammation and improvement of kidney damage

Hyperuricemia is a metabolic disorder caused by abnormal purine metabolism,resulting in abnormally high serum uric acid.In this study,a novel Levilactobacillus brevis PDD-5 isolated from salty vegetables was verified with the function of alleviating hyperuricemia.The relevant effects of L.brevis PDD-5 in lowering uric acid were analyzed by in vitro and in vivo experiments.The results showed that the L.brevis PDD-5 has(68.86±15.46)%of inosine uptake capacity and(95.75±3.30)%of guanosine uptake capacity in vitro.Oral administration of L.brevis PDD-5 to hyperuricemia rats reduced uric acid,creatinine,and urea nitrogen in serum,as well as decreased inosine and guanosine levels in the intestinal contents of rats.Analysis of relevant markers in the kidney by ELISA kits revealed that L.brevis PDD-5 alleviated oxidative stress and inflammation.Moreover,the gene expression of uric acid transporter 1(URAT1)and glucose transporter 9(GLUT9)was down-regulated,and the gene expression of organic anion transporter 1(OAT1)was up-regulated after treatment with L.brevis PDD-5.Western blot analysis showed that L.brevis PDD-5 alleviated hyperuricemia-induced kidney injury through the NLRP3 pathway.The se findings suggest that L.brevis PDD-5 can lower uric acid,repair kidney damage,and also has the potential to prevent uric acid nephropathy.

Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Fmb14 ameliorates hyperuricemia-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis via NLRP3 inflammasome cascade inhibition

Hyperuricemia is a high-risk factor for the development of gout and renal fibrosis,but the adverse effects of hyperuricemia on the liver have been seriously neglected.This research investigated the ameliorating effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Fmb14 on hyperuricemia induced liver dysfunction both in vitro and in vivo.Cell free extracts of high dose L.rhamnosus Fmb14 treatment reduced the death rate of HepG2 cell lines from 24.1%to 14.9%by inhibiting NLRP3 recruitment,which was mainly activated by reactive oxygen species release and mitochondrial membrane potential disorder.In purine dietary induced hyperuricemia(PDIH)mice model,liver oedema and pyroptosis were ameliorated after L.rhamnosus Fmb14 administration through downregulating the expression levels of NLRP3,caspase-1 and gasdermin-D from 1.61 to 0.86,3.15 to 1.01 and 5.63 to 2.02,respectively.L.rhamnosus Fmb14 administration restored mitochondrial inner membrane protein(MPV17)and connexin 43 from 2.83 and 0.73 to 0.80 and 0.98 respectively in PDIH mice,indicating that dysbiosis of mitochondrial membrane potential was restored in liver.Intriguingly,PDIH pyroptosis stimulates the process of apoptosis,which leads to severe leakage of hepatocytes,and both of pyroptosis and apoptosis were decreased after L.rhamnosus Fmb14 treatment.Therefore,L.rhamnosus Fmb14 is a promising biological resource to maintain homeostasis of the liver in hyperuricemia and the prevention of subsequent complications.

Andrias davidianus bone peptides alleviates hyperuricemia-induced kidney damage in vitro and in vivo

Hyperuricemia(HUA)is a vital risk factor for chronic kidney diseases(CKD)and development of functional foods capable of protecting CKD is of importance.This paper aimed to explore the amelioration effects and mechanism of Andrias davidianus bone peptides(ADBP)on HUA-induced kidney damage.In the present study,we generated the standard ADBP which contained high hydrophobic amino acid and low molecular peptide contents.In vitro results found that ADBP protected uric acid(UA)-induced HK-2 cells from damage by modulating urate transporters and antioxidant defense.In vivo results indicated that ADBP effectively ameliorated renal injury in HUA-induced CKD mice,evidenced by a remarkable decrease in serum UA,creatinine and blood urea nitrogen,improving kidney UA excretion,antioxidant defense and histological kidney deterioration.Metabolomic analysis highlighted 14 metabolites that could be selected as potential biomarkers and attributed to the amelioration effects of ADBP on CKD mice kidney dysfunction.Intriguingly,ADBP restored the gut microbiome homeostasis in CKD mice,especially with respect to the elevated helpful microbial abundance,and the decreased harmful bacterial abundance.This study demonstrated that ADBP displayed great nephroprotective effects,and has great promise as a food or functional food ingredient for the prevention and treatment of HUA-induced CKD.

Effect of dapagliflozin on uric acid in patients with chronic heart failure and hyperuricemia

BACKGROUND Patients with chronic heart failure(CHF)frequently develop hyperuricemia,an elevated serum uric acid level,associated with adverse outcomes.Dapagliflozin,a sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor,demonstrates reduction in cardiovascular mortality and hospitalization in patients with CHF and ejection fraction(HFrEF),irrespective of diabetes.However,dapagliflozin’s effect on the uric acid levels in patients with CHF and hyperuricemia remain unclear.AIM To investigate the effects of dapagliflozin on uric acid levels in CHF patients with hyperuricemia.METHODS We conducted a randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled trial in 200 patients with CHF and hyperuricemia,with HFrEF and serum uric acid levels≥7 mg/dL(≥416μmol/L).The participants were randomly assigned to receive a daily dose of 10 mg dapagliflozin or placebo for 24 months.The primary endpoint was the change in serum uric acid level from baseline to 24 months.Secondary endpoints included changes in left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF),Nterminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP),and quality of life(QoL)scores,as well as the incidence of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for heart failure.RESULTS At 24 months,dapagliflozin significantly reduced serum uric acid levels by 1.2 mg/dL(71μmol/L)compared with placebo(95%CI:-1.5 to-0.9;P<0.001).Dapagliflozin also significantly improved LVEF by 3.5%(95%CI:2.1-4.9;P<0.001),NT-proBNP by 25%(95%CI:18-32;P<0.001),and QoL scores by 10 points(95%CI:7-13;P<0.001)and reduced the risk of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for heart failure by 35%(95%CI:15–50;P=0.002)compared with the placebo.Adverse events were similar between the two groups,except for a higher rate of genital infections in the dapagliflozin group(10%vs 2%,P=0.01).CONCLUSION Dapagliflozin significantly lowered serum uric acid levels and improved the clinical outcomes in patients with CHF and hyperuricemia.Therefore,dapagliflozin may be a useful therapeutic option for this high-risk population.

Effects of different processing methods on the quality of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua

Background:In this study,we explored the effects of different processing methods on the quality of Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua(PC),and the role of Huangjiu in the processing procedure.Methods:The sensory characteristics of the crude product,steamed product,and wine-processed product of PC were described.The colorimeter was used to analyze the chromatic values of three different processed products on PC.At the same time,the contents of the water extract and alcohol extract were measured separately.The content of three different processing Polygonatum Polysaccharide(PCP)was determined using 0.2%anthrone-sulfuric acid.The correlation difference between the chromatic values and chemical composition of different PC products was analyzed using various analytical methods.Results:The surface colors gradually deepened,the sweetness increased,the viscosity strengthened,and the tongue-numbing sensation disappeared after PC processing.The contents of extract and L^(*) gradually decreased from the crude to the steamed to the wine-processed product,consistent with the pattern of surface color alteration.While,E^(*)ab gradually increased.The content of PCP was crude product>wine-processed product>steamed product.The results of multivariate statistical analysis showed that the samples processed for crude,steamed,and wine-processed product were clustered into three classes.The correlation analysis showed that L^(*)and E^(*)ab were highly significant positively correlated with the content of PCP,and a*was significantly negatively correlated with the content of PCP.Conclusion:The results showed that the wine-processed product had the best quality.The internal quality of the PC was correlated with its characteristics and chromatic value.In this study,we investigated the internal and external quality of three different products of PC in order to provide a reference for further research on the impact of different processing methods on PC quality,the standardization of PC processing,and the role of Huangjiu in the processing of PC.

Ameliorative effect of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Fmb14 from Chinese yogurt on hyperuricemia

Hyperuricemia is a critical threat to human health,and a high inosine diet can increase the prevalence of it.Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus Fmb14 was isolated from traditional fermented Chinese yogurt,and its inosine degradation rate reached 36.3%at 109 CFU/mL for 24 h.LC-MS analysis revealed that high concentrations of inosine could activate compensatory metabolic pathways of L.rhamnosus Fmb14 to catalyse inosine as an energy source and produce intracellular folic acid and riboflavin.The contents of folic acid and riboflavin were 6.0 and 4.3 fold increased after inosine treatment in the cell-free extracts(CFE).L.rhamnosus Fmb14 CFE treatment ameliorates hyperuricemia through xanthine oxidase(XOD)inhibition and ATP-binding cassette subfamily G member 2(ABCG2)promotion,both of which are responsible for uric acid(UA)synthesis and secretion in HepG2 and Caco2 cells,respectively.The in vivo results showed that the serum UA level decreased from 236.28 to 149.28μmol/L after 8 weeks of oral administration of L.rhamnosus Fmb14 in inosine-induced hyperuricemia model mice.Our results revealed that L.rhamnosus Fmb14 has a potential as a biological therapeutic agent in hyperuricemia prevention.

Hero Hua Mulan With a Thousand Faces:Why Chinese Stories Can Move the World?Evidence From a Global Cross-Cultural Interview Survey

While people from Western countries do not always understand of the underlying cultural values of most Chinese stories,the Hua Mulan story has gained significant recognition from Western audiences.Therefore,it would be quite beneficial if we could understand the key elements that have contributed to the success of the Hua Mulan story so that we can employ similar elements in other intercultural communication programs and promote the communication and dissemination of cultures between China and the rest of the world.According to the findings from the interviews of 6,130 respondents from 107 countries,we found that the Hua Mulan story gains global acceptance because it represents a story of“a hero with a thousand faces,”which embodies the integration of Chinese traditions and contemporary spirit through sharing a global meaning while responding to various culturally common challenges.Five key cultural value dimensions are responsible for this Chinese story’s cross-cultural affinity and influence,which helped it win recognition and empathy worldwide.The five key cultural value dimensions are loyalty and patriotism,the courage to take responsibility,compatibility of individualism and collectivism,respondence to the multicultural appeal,and hero growth.These dimensions are then generalized as the value identity orientation grounded in a Global Shared Meaning(GSM)in this study.

新西兰无居民海岛管理机制及其启示--以Tūhua岛为例

为了解新西兰无居民海岛管理机制,为我国相关工作提供借鉴,本文探讨新西兰Tūhua岛的管理特点,并分析其对我国无居民海岛管理工作的启示。研究结果表明,新西兰政府在开发保护Tūhua岛的过程中,充分考虑该岛无定居居民的特点和对毛利原住民的关切,其管理呈现主体多元有序,保护而不隔绝,尊重并吸收毛利习俗,各界深入参与等特点。结合国情,参照新西兰对Tūhua岛的管理经验,我国应建立完善的海岛政策制度体系,完善多部门协同管理机制,推进登记确权,推动民间力量和专业学会参与,为开发利用行为设定具体限制规范。

甘肃省武威市汉族中老年女性甲减患者HHcy、HUA与甲状腺结节患病的相关性研究

目的探讨甘肃省武威市汉族中老年女性甲减患者高同型半胱氨酸血症(HHcy)、高尿酸血症(HUA)与甲状腺结节发生的相关性及其危险因素。方法选取2019年2月-2022年2月甘肃省武威市人民医院体检中心的181例汉族中老年女性体检者,依据甲状腺功能分为非甲减组和甲减组,其中非甲减组99例,甲减组82例;测量身高、体重,计算体重指数;使用双能X线骨密度仪测定腰椎及髋部骨密度;彩色多普勒超声诊断仪检查甲状腺结节;采用化学发光法测定骨代谢标志物、甲功,速率法测定血脂、同型半胱氨酸、尿酸;采用多因素Logistic回归分析甲状腺结节的危险因素。结果年龄、HHcy、HUA为甲状腺结节患病的危险因素,95%CI分别为[1.03,1.14]、[3.59,21.67]、[3.36,23.18];骨钙素、β胶原降解产物、甲状旁腺激素、25-羟基羟维生素D以及钙、磷、甲状腺功能、血脂、骨密度对甲状腺结节患病差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论甘肃省武威市汉族中老年女性甲减患者甲状腺结节患病率高,同时存在HHcy、HUA;年龄、HHcy、HUA为甲状腺结节患病的独立危险因素。

急性心肌梗死PCI时代:HUA影响患者预后的机制

大量研究提示,高尿酸血症(HUA)与急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)术后预后存在显著相关性,其机制处于探索过程中,且随着近年来心血管领域新型检查手段的日渐成熟而有了新突破。本文就HUA影响AMI患者PCI术后预后的机制的研究进展作一综述,旨在为后续研究及临床治疗提供新思路。

Chimonanthus nitens Oliv. leaves flavonoids alleviate hyperuricemia by regulating uric acid metabolism and intestinal homeostasis in mice

This study aimed to evaluate the alleviating effect of Chimonanthus nitens Oliv.leaves flavonoids(CLF)on hyperuricemia induced by potassium oxonate in mice.The results showed that CLF lowered the serum levels of uric acid(UA),creatinine and blood urea nitrogen,downregulated hepatic mRNA expressions of xanthine oxidase(XO),phosphate ribose pyrophosphate synthetase(PRPS)and adenosine deaminase(ADA)in hyperuricemia mice.In addition,CLF repaired renal injury by significantly down-regulating mRNA and protein expressions of renal UA reabsorption-related proteins and up-regulating the mRNA and protein expressions of UA secretory-related proteins.Finally,CLF inhibited UA synthesis and promoted UA excretion to alleviate hyperuricemia.Besides,CLF supplementation repaired the intestinal barrier function as demonstrated by significant increased mRNA levels of intestinal zonula occludens-1(ZO-1),Occludin,mucin 2(MUC2)and mucin 4(MUC4),as well as decreased mRNA levels of toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)and myeloid differentiation factor 88(MyD88)in mice.Further research showed that CLF treatment restored intestinal homeostasis mediated by improving the composition of gut microbiota and elevating the abundance of beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus,Alistipes,Prevotellaceae_UCG-001 and Parasutterella.Overall,our findings revealed a novel function of CLF as a promising therapeutic candidate for the treatment of hyperuricemia.

Epidemiological characteristics of hyperuricemia in metabolic syndrome and its different components in the physical examination population

Objective:To explore the epidemiological characteristics of hyperuricemia(HUA)in the metabolic syndrome(MS)and its different components in the physical examination population.Methods:Subjects who underwent medical check-ups at a hospital health management center from June 2021 to March 2023 were included in the study.To analyze the prevalence of HUA in MS and its different components,further,stratify the study population by gender and assess the serum uric acid(SUA)levels and prevalence of HUA in people with different numbers of MS components and the combination of MS components with the highest prevalence of HUA in both sexes.Logistic regression was used to analyze the risk of HUA in people with different numbers of MS components.Result:A total of 66,520 individuals were enrolled in the study.SUA levels(t=-82.947,P<0.001)and HUA prevalence(χ^(2)=3421.632,P<0.001)were significantly higher in the MS group than in the Non-MS group.SUA levels and prevalence of HUA were significantly higher in abdominal obesity,hypertension,decreased HDL-C and evaluated TG than in normal subjects(P<0.001),while there were gender differences in SUA levels and HUA prevalence in diabetic patients,with significantly lower SUA levels and HUA prevalence in men with diabetes than in those with normal blood glucose,an opposite result in women.SUA levels and HUA prevalence gradually increased with the increasing number of MS components in women,whereas in men,such a trend was only observed in MS1-MS4.The combination of MS components with the highest prevalence of HUA was abdominal obesity+hypertension+decreased HDL-C+evaluated TG(54.35%)in men and abdominal obesity+hypertension+diabetes+decreased HDL-C+evaluated TG(41.46%)in women.Logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for gender,age and ethnicity,the risk of HUA increased with the number of MS components in women,while in men,the risk of HUA increased continuously from MS1-MS4.Further adjustment for BMI,elevated TC,elevated LDL-C,and coronary artery disease,the results remained consistent.Conclusion:MS and its components are risk factors for HUA in the physical examination population,with different combinations of MS components having different correlations with HUA,and the risk of developing HUA correlates with the number of abnormal MS components.

Study on the effect of lowering uric acid and effect on the kidney of Poriae cutis in hyperuricemia mice

Objective:To explore the pharmacodynamic and renal protective effects of Poriae cutis extract on hyperuricemia(HUA)mice.Methods:The active components from the Poriae cutis were extracted with Alcohol solvent and aqueous solvent,HUA mice were established by hypoxanthine with potassium oxonate.Totally70 male Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal,model(500 mg/kg hypoxanthine+250 mg/kg potassium oxonate),Poriae cutis ethanol(PCE)and water extract(PCW)with high and low dose(388 mg/kg and 97mg/kg),benzbromarone(BEN)groups(7.5 mg/kg),all mice were administered with corresponding medication for 16 d.After the last administration,collected the 24 h urine volume,the urine uric acid(UUA)and urine creatinine(UCr)were determined.The morphological changes of the left kidney were viewed and the pathological changes in right kidneys were observed by hematoxylin-eosin(HE)staining.The serum contents of uric acid(SUA),creatinine(SCr)and urea nitrogen(BUN)were measured.Uric acid excretion index include fractional uric acid excretion(FEUA)and uric acid clearance rate(CUr)were calculated.The contents of OAT1,URAT1,GLUT9,TNF-αand IL-6 in the kidney were detected by ELISA.Results:PCE and PCW could increase UUA,UCr,FEUA,CUr and OAT1(P<0.05,P<0.01),reduce SUA,SCr,BUN,URAT1,GLUT9,TNF-αand IL-6(P<0.05,P<0.01).The pathological and morphological changes of kidneys in HUA mice were improved and the effect is better than BEN.Conclusion:Poriae cutis extractscould lower uric acid and possessed a protective effect on the kidney of mice with HUA,which was achieved by promoting uric acid excretion,regulating the expression of uric acid transporters and reducing the level of inflammatory factors.

Meta-analysis of the impact of hyperuricemia on contrast agent-related acute kidney injury after percutaneous coronary intervention

Objective:To evaluate the impact of hyperuricemia on the occurrence of contrast agentrelated acute kidney injury after percutaneous coronary intervention.Methods:Retrieve PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,Web of Science,CNKI,Wanfang,and VIP databases,and publish articles on the correlation between hyperuricemia and contrast agent-related acute kidney damage after percutaneous coronary intervention from the establishment of the database to August 162023.Two researchers independently conducted literature screening and data extraction to evaluate the bias risk of inclusion in the study,and conducted metaanalysis using Review Manager 5.4 software.Results:A total of 12 articles were included,including 11676 patients.The meta-analysis results showed that compared with patients without hyperuricemia,patients with hyperuricemia had a higher risk of developing PC-AKI,with an incidence rate of 22.3%.Hyperuricemia was a risk factor for the occurrence of PCAKI(OR=2.03,95%CI:1.58-2.61);Patients with hyperuricemia have a higher risk of death after PC-AKI,with a mortality rate of 7.5%.Hyperuricemia is a risk factor for early death in PC-AKI patients(OR=2.33,95%CI:1.81-3.00);The probability of CRRT treatment after PCAKI in patients with hyperuricemia is higher,at 3.14%.Hyperuricemia is an influencing factor for CRRT treatment in PC-AKI patients(OR=7,95%CI:2.83-17.30).Conclusion:Existing research evidence suggests that the presence of hyperuricemia is an independent risk factor for the occurrence of PC-AKI,and it significantly increases the hospital mortality rate and the risk of renal replacement therapy in PC-AKI patients.

Structure-based multi-ligand molecular modeling to predict the synergistic effects of limonin and obacunone from Simiao pill against nitric oxide synthase 3 associated with hyperuricemia

Hyperuricemia(HUA)mainly occurs because of purine metabolism disorders.We recently proposed that limonin from Simiao pill may have therapeutic effects on nitric oxide synthase 3(NOS3)that is related to HUA.Concurrently,our previous work employed a new method,structure-based multi-ligand molecular modeling,to identify potential agents from a herbal formula that may produce synergistic effects and may have the potential to develop combination drugs.Therefore,we employed multi-ligand modeling to seek compounds with potential synergistic effects with limonin against NOS3.We obtained 403 multi-ligand docking results between 403 compounds and the limonin-NOS3 complex(average affinity–8.297 kcal/mol).Then we selected the top 10 highest binding affinity compounds for virtual pharmacokinetic and toxicity screening and we found that only obacunone passed all filters.We further subjected obacunone,bound to limonin and NOS3,to molecular dynamics simulations.We found that the NOS3-limonin-obacunone complex was more stable than the NOS3-limonin complex,based on the root mean square deviation of backbone Cαatoms and root mean square fluctuation,which suggests that synergistic effects may exist between limonin and obacunone.Further cell and animal experimental research is required to verify our results.

The mechanism of polyphenols in perilla against hyperuricemia using network pharmacology and molecular docking

To investigate the possible targets and mechanisms of polyphenols in perilla in the treatment of hyperuricemia(HUA)Batman-TCM,TCMSP,PubMed,and CNKI databases were used to obtain the main components of perilla and component-related targets.HUA targets were collected through GeneCards and OMIM online platforms.The HUA target and the perilla component target were crossed to obtain a common target.Protein interaction networks were constructed using the STRING database,and the compound-target-pathway network was constructed by Cytoscape software.The GO and KEGG enrichment analysis was performed using the DAVID database.Molecular docking was used to verify the results.Thirteen potential active components,101 component targets,901 HUA-related targets,and 36 common targets were screened out.Through network topology analysis,core targets such as TP53,TNF,CASP3,and PPARG and active components such as luteolin,β-carotene,cyanidin,catechin,and linolenic acid ethyl ester were obtained.The topology analysis of the“compound-target-pathway”network showed that the polyphenolic compounds luteolin,cyanidin,and catechin were the main active components of the perilla in the treatment of HUA.This study showed that the treatment of HUA with perilla had the characteristics of a multi-component,multi-target,and multi-signal pathway,which provided a scientific basis for further study on the molecular mechanism of the treatment of HUA with the potential active components of perilla.

非布司他治疗2型糖尿病性肾病合并HUA的临床效果分析

目的 观察在2型糖尿病性肾病合并高尿酸血症(HUA)治疗中应用非布司他的临床效果。方法 60例2型糖尿病性肾病合并HUA患者,依据动态随机打乱法分成常规组与实验组,每组30例。常规组开展常规治疗,实验组在常规组基础上应用非布司他治疗。比较两组患者治疗前后肾功能指标(尿蛋白肌酐比值、血肌酐、血尿酸)与血糖指标(空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖),临床治疗效果,不良反应发生情况。结果 治疗前,两组患者的尿蛋白肌酐比值、血肌酐、血尿酸、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,实验组患者的尿蛋白肌酐比值、血肌酐、血尿酸、空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖水平分别为(442.9±120.0)mg/mmol、(104.3±10.6)μmol/L、(288.6±46.7)μmol/L、(7.15±0.79)mmol/L、(9.69±0.82)mmol/L,均低于常规组的(573.6±127.3)mg/mmol、(129.1±11.5)μmol/L、(355.7±49.7)μmol/L、(7.85±1.05)mmol/L、(10.47±1.47)mmol/L,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组患者治疗总有效率96.67%高于常规组的80.00%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。实验组患者的不良反应发生率3.33%低于常规组的26.67%,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 非布司他治疗2型糖尿病性肾病合并HUA效果理想,可显著缓解患者的临床症状,值得推广。

Analysis of Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Different Types of Primary Hyperuricemia

Objective:This paper aims to study the clinical characteristics of patients with different types of primary hyperuricemia(HUA).Methods:Using a retrospective research method,200 patients with primary HUA in the hospital from June 2020 to January 2023 were selected as the research objects.Patients were grouped according to the detection results of 24-hour urinary uric acid excretion(UUE)and fractional excretion of uric acid(FEUA)(renal insufficiency type,renal overload type,mixed type,and other types).The general information of patients in the four groups(gender,age,body mass index,living habits,etc.),underlying diseases(hypertension,diabetes),blood test results[uric acid(UA),creatinine(Cre)],urine test results(24-hour urine UA,24-hour urine Cre)were summarized and the differences between the groups were analyzed.Results:The 200 cases of HUA patients were divided into 54.00%with renal insufficiency type,38.50%with mixed type,6.00%with renal overload type,and 1.50%with other types.The age of patients with mixed HUA was younger than that of patients with other types,renal overload type,and renal insufficiency type,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The UA level of patients with other types of HUA was lower than that of patients with mixed type HUA,and there was statistical significance(P<0.05).The Cre level of patients with mixed type HUA was lower than that of patients with renal insufficiency type and renal overload type,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The 24-hour urinary UA level in patients with renal insufficiency type HUA was lower than that in patients with renal overload type and mixed type HUA,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The 24-hour urinary Cre level of patients with other types of HUA was lower than that of patients with renal overload type and mixed HUA,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The estimated glomerular filtration rate(eGFR)level of patients with other types of HUA was lower than that of patients with mixed type HUA,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the proportions of hypertension,diabetes,coronary heart disease,and urinary calculi among patients with renal insufficiency type,renal overload type,mixed type,and other types of HUA(P>0.05).Conclusion:The primary HUA patients are mainly of renal insufficiency type,followed by mixed type.There are significant differences in the clinical characteristics of patients with different types of HUA.Among them,patients with other types of HUA are the oldest and have the lowest uric acid levels.Patients with mixed HUA had the best renal function but the highest 24-hour urine creatinine level.This study can be used as a basis for rational selection of urate-lowering drugs for different HUA patients.

基于生物网络对柑橘属植物果皮预防高尿酸血症的研究

初步阐明柑橘属植物果皮预防高尿酸血症的药效物质基础与作用机制。通过体外测定柑橘属植物果皮对黄嘌呤氧化酶的抑制作用,评价其预防高尿酸血症的效果,通过网络药理学预测柑橘属植物果皮预防高尿酸血症的物质基础及其潜在作用机制,通过分子对接以验证结果。柑橘属植物果皮对黄嘌呤氧化酶有一定的抑制作用,且在线性范围内呈现量效关系。网络药理学和分子对接技术预测结果显示,柚皮素和桔皮素为主要活性成分,可能通过脂质代谢、血管功能等途径抑制高尿酸血症。芸香科柑橘属植物果皮可应用于大健康产业,用于预防高尿酸血症。