In the DF1-1 Gas Field in the Yinggehai Basin, South China Sea, the velocity-depth plot and velocity spectra show significant variations from a linear trend, exhibiting a distinct reversal phenomenon. Velocity paramet...In the DF1-1 Gas Field in the Yinggehai Basin, South China Sea, the velocity-depth plot and velocity spectra show significant variations from a linear trend, exhibiting a distinct reversal phenomenon. Velocity parameters derived from velocity spectral analysis of the seismic data and sonic logs indicate that the interval velocity reverses below 2,100 m (2.2 s two-way time (TWT)) in the DF1-1 Gas Field. Some direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHIs) models developed for the shallow strata cannot be simply applied to the moderately to deeply buried strata for direct exploration target recognition because the velocity reversal has caused the middle-deep gas reservoirs to exhibit a moderate or weak seismic amplitude. The hydrocarbon indicator method of “Differential Interformational Velocity Analysis (DIVA)” with the aid of other hydrocarbon indicating techniques was employed to effectively identify DHIs in the middle-deep strata under velocity inversion. The result has shown that the DIVA technique can be effectively used as a DHI in both the shallow and the middle-deep strata in the study area with the shallow strata characterized by Type I DIVA anomaly and the middle-deep strata characterized by the Type II DIVA anomaly.展开更多
Proteus 170O - TEQ insecticide was subjected through rigorous testing over years （2005 to 2008） at four concentrations 0.15% （9 mls/10L.H20）, 0.31% （18 mls/10L.H2O）, 0.46% （27 mls/10L.H2O） and 0.61% （36 mls/1...Proteus 170O - TEQ insecticide was subjected through rigorous testing over years （2005 to 2008） at four concentrations 0.15% （9 mls/10L.H20）, 0.31% （18 mls/10L.H2O）, 0.46% （27 mls/10L.H2O） and 0.61% （36 mls/10L.H2O）. Each concentration was replicated three times in the field. The mortality rates of mirids on exposure to the various concentrations of Proteus and Standard miricide in the laboratory were similar at 0.46% concentration as both gave a 100% kill ofmirids at the 40th minute. The first year field mortalities of mirids recorded 24 hours after the initial and residual applications at the Ibadan, Owena and Ikom at 0.46% active ingredient concentration gave 100% kill of mirids. The mortalities of mirids recorded 24 hours after the second year field initial and residual treatments at the lowest concentration of 0.15% active ingredient ranged between 70.2% and 100%. In the third year, the insecticide at 0.31% concentration compared favourably with the Standard. The residues of thiacloprid in the analyzed cocoa bean samples were below the Limit of Quantitation （LOQ） of 0.01 mg/kg. Spraying of mature and fruiting cocoa farms at application rate of 0.46% was found adequate and recommended.展开更多
Sea ice in the Arctic has been reducing rapidly in the past half century due to global warming. This study analyzes the variations of sea ice extent in the entire Arctic Ocean and its sub regions. The results indicate...Sea ice in the Arctic has been reducing rapidly in the past half century due to global warming. This study analyzes the variations of sea ice extent in the entire Arctic Ocean and its sub regions. The results indicate that sea ice extent reduction during 1979-2013 is most significant in summer, following by that in autumn, winter and spring. In years with rich sea ice, sea ice extent anomaly with seasonal cycle removed changes with a period of 4-6 years. The year of 2003-2006 is the ice-rich period with diverse regional difference in this century. In years with poor sea ice, sea ice margin retreats further north in the Arctic. Sea ice in the Fram Strait changes in an opposite way to that in the entire Arctic. Sea ice coverage index in melting-freezing period is an critical indicator for sea ice changes, which shows an coincident change in the Arctic and sub regions. Since 2002, Region C2 in north of the Pacific sector contributes most to sea ice changes in the central Aarctic, followed by C1 and C3. Sea ice changes in different regions show three relationships. The correlation coefficient between sea ice coverage index of the Chukchi Sea and that of the East Siberian Sea is high, suggesting good consistency of ice variation. In the Atlantic sector, sea ice changes are coincided with each other between the Kara Sea and the Barents Sea as a result of warm inflow into the Kara Sea from the Barents Sea. Sea ice changes in the central Arctic are affected by surrounding seas.展开更多
The article intends to find a method to quantify traffic congestion＇s impacts on travelers to help transportation planners and policy decision makers well understand congestion situations. Three new congestion indica...The article intends to find a method to quantify traffic congestion＇s impacts on travelers to help transportation planners and policy decision makers well understand congestion situations. Three new congestion indicators, including transportation environment satisfaction （TES）, travel time satisfaction （TTS）, and traffic congestion frequency and feeling （TCFF）, are defined to estimate urban traffic congestion based on travelers＇ feelings. Data of travelers＇ attitude about congestion and trip information were collected from a survey in Shanghai, China. Based on the survey data, we estimated the value of the three indi- cators. Then, the principal components analysis was used to derive a small number of linear combinations of a set of variables to estimate the whole congestion status. A linear regression model was used to find out the significant variables which impact respondents＇ feelings. Two ordered logit models were used to select significant variables of TES and TTS. Attitudinal factor variables were also used in these models. The results show that attitudinal factor variables and cluster category variables are as important as sociodemographic variables in the models. Using the three congestion indicators, the government can collect travelers＇ feeling about traffic congestion and estimate the transportation policy that might be applied to cope with traffic congestion.展开更多
Aim:To validate a novel Japanese indication criteria for liver transplantation(LT)for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),i.e.,the 5-5-500 criteria(nodule size≤5 cm in diameter,nodule number≤5,and alfa-fetoprotein(AFP)va...Aim:To validate a novel Japanese indication criteria for liver transplantation(LT)for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),i.e.,the 5-5-500 criteria(nodule size≤5 cm in diameter,nodule number≤5,and alfa-fetoprotein(AFP)value≤500 ng/mL)and the Japanese double eligibility criteria(DEC)(patients meeting the Milan or the 5-5-500 criteria)in the University of Tokyo cohort.The usefulness of biomarkers in predicting the recurrence of HCC was also verified.Methods:The overall survival and recurrence rates of patients meeting the Milan,5-5-500,and the Japanese DEC were compared among 153 patients who underwent living donor LT(LDLT)between 1996 and 2019.A receiver-operating characteristics curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of AFP,lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP,des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin,neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,and the platelet-lymphocyte ratio to detect recurrence.Results:The 5-year recurrence rate for all patients,those meeting the Japanese DEC,5-5-500 criteria,and the Milan criteria was 10.9%,9.2%,7.4%,and 7.6%,respectively.Compared with the conventional Milan criteria,the 5-5-500 criteria and the Japanese DEC could increase the number of eligible LDLT candidates by 6.1%and 11.4%.Among five biomarkers,the area under the curve value of AFP was the highest(0.852).Conclusion:The results suggest that the 5-5-500 criteria and the Japanese DEC are the appropriate selection criteria for patients with HCC in LDLT.Among five biomarkers investigated,AFP was most reliable to predict HCC recurrence,which justified the utilization of AFP in the 5-5-500 criteria and the Japanese DEC.展开更多
In production environment today, ＂silo think- ing＂ is a challenge where controlling an asset associated with several disciplines and departments can lead to a sub- optimal result. This requires a more integrated app...In production environment today, ＂silo think- ing＂ is a challenge where controlling an asset associated with several disciplines and departments can lead to a sub- optimal result. This requires a more integrated approach with an integrated planning （IPL） framework. In this framework novel maintenance key performance indicators （KPIs） are needed. The purpose of this article is to develop the novel maintenance KPI profit loss indicator （PLI）. This indicator is based on measuring both on the ＂hidden fac- tory＂ and waste in production, presenting it as a financial measure. The notion ＂hidden factory＂ is used as a meta- phor for measuring the time losses in industry through the maintenance KPI overall equipment effectiveness （OEE）. This indicator divides the time losses into availability losses, performance losses and quality losses. In addition, a financial measure for waste based on literature from Toyota production system （TPS） and waste treatment and disposal is also included in PLI. Through a case study in the saw mill industry PLI is demonstrated and evaluated. It is expected that this indicator will be demonstrated in several industry branches in the future.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.40702024)the Project was sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars,Ministry of Education of China (No.2009022014)Open Research Foundation of Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources (China University of Geosciences),Ministry of Education (No.TPR-2009-33)
文摘In the DF1-1 Gas Field in the Yinggehai Basin, South China Sea, the velocity-depth plot and velocity spectra show significant variations from a linear trend, exhibiting a distinct reversal phenomenon. Velocity parameters derived from velocity spectral analysis of the seismic data and sonic logs indicate that the interval velocity reverses below 2,100 m (2.2 s two-way time (TWT)) in the DF1-1 Gas Field. Some direct hydrocarbon indicators (DHIs) models developed for the shallow strata cannot be simply applied to the moderately to deeply buried strata for direct exploration target recognition because the velocity reversal has caused the middle-deep gas reservoirs to exhibit a moderate or weak seismic amplitude. The hydrocarbon indicator method of “Differential Interformational Velocity Analysis (DIVA)” with the aid of other hydrocarbon indicating techniques was employed to effectively identify DHIs in the middle-deep strata under velocity inversion. The result has shown that the DIVA technique can be effectively used as a DHI in both the shallow and the middle-deep strata in the study area with the shallow strata characterized by Type I DIVA anomaly and the middle-deep strata characterized by the Type II DIVA anomaly.
文摘Proteus 170O - TEQ insecticide was subjected through rigorous testing over years （2005 to 2008） at four concentrations 0.15% （9 mls/10L.H20）, 0.31% （18 mls/10L.H2O）, 0.46% （27 mls/10L.H2O） and 0.61% （36 mls/10L.H2O）. Each concentration was replicated three times in the field. The mortality rates of mirids on exposure to the various concentrations of Proteus and Standard miricide in the laboratory were similar at 0.46% concentration as both gave a 100% kill ofmirids at the 40th minute. The first year field mortalities of mirids recorded 24 hours after the initial and residual applications at the Ibadan, Owena and Ikom at 0.46% active ingredient concentration gave 100% kill of mirids. The mortalities of mirids recorded 24 hours after the second year field initial and residual treatments at the lowest concentration of 0.15% active ingredient ranged between 70.2% and 100%. In the third year, the insecticide at 0.31% concentration compared favourably with the Standard. The residues of thiacloprid in the analyzed cocoa bean samples were below the Limit of Quantitation （LOQ） of 0.01 mg/kg. Spraying of mature and fruiting cocoa farms at application rate of 0.46% was found adequate and recommended.
基金The National Basic Research Program of China under contract No.2015CB953900the Key Project of Chinese Natural Science Foundation under contract No.41330960the Polar Science Strategic Research Foundation of China under contract No.20120102
文摘Sea ice in the Arctic has been reducing rapidly in the past half century due to global warming. This study analyzes the variations of sea ice extent in the entire Arctic Ocean and its sub regions. The results indicate that sea ice extent reduction during 1979-2013 is most significant in summer, following by that in autumn, winter and spring. In years with rich sea ice, sea ice extent anomaly with seasonal cycle removed changes with a period of 4-6 years. The year of 2003-2006 is the ice-rich period with diverse regional difference in this century. In years with poor sea ice, sea ice margin retreats further north in the Arctic. Sea ice in the Fram Strait changes in an opposite way to that in the entire Arctic. Sea ice coverage index in melting-freezing period is an critical indicator for sea ice changes, which shows an coincident change in the Arctic and sub regions. Since 2002, Region C2 in north of the Pacific sector contributes most to sea ice changes in the central Aarctic, followed by C1 and C3. Sea ice changes in different regions show three relationships. The correlation coefficient between sea ice coverage index of the Chukchi Sea and that of the East Siberian Sea is high, suggesting good consistency of ice variation. In the Atlantic sector, sea ice changes are coincided with each other between the Kara Sea and the Barents Sea as a result of warm inflow into the Kara Sea from the Barents Sea. Sea ice changes in the central Arctic are affected by surrounding seas.
基金supported by the Key Natural Science Foundation of China:Urban Transportation Planning Theory and Methods under the Information Environment, Grant No. 50738004/E0807
文摘The article intends to find a method to quantify traffic congestion＇s impacts on travelers to help transportation planners and policy decision makers well understand congestion situations. Three new congestion indicators, including transportation environment satisfaction （TES）, travel time satisfaction （TTS）, and traffic congestion frequency and feeling （TCFF）, are defined to estimate urban traffic congestion based on travelers＇ feelings. Data of travelers＇ attitude about congestion and trip information were collected from a survey in Shanghai, China. Based on the survey data, we estimated the value of the three indi- cators. Then, the principal components analysis was used to derive a small number of linear combinations of a set of variables to estimate the whole congestion status. A linear regression model was used to find out the significant variables which impact respondents＇ feelings. Two ordered logit models were used to select significant variables of TES and TTS. Attitudinal factor variables were also used in these models. The results show that attitudinal factor variables and cluster category variables are as important as sociodemographic variables in the models. Using the three congestion indicators, the government can collect travelers＇ feeling about traffic congestion and estimate the transportation policy that might be applied to cope with traffic congestion.
文摘Aim:To validate a novel Japanese indication criteria for liver transplantation(LT)for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),i.e.,the 5-5-500 criteria(nodule size≤5 cm in diameter,nodule number≤5,and alfa-fetoprotein(AFP)value≤500 ng/mL)and the Japanese double eligibility criteria(DEC)(patients meeting the Milan or the 5-5-500 criteria)in the University of Tokyo cohort.The usefulness of biomarkers in predicting the recurrence of HCC was also verified.Methods:The overall survival and recurrence rates of patients meeting the Milan,5-5-500,and the Japanese DEC were compared among 153 patients who underwent living donor LT(LDLT)between 1996 and 2019.A receiver-operating characteristics curve analysis was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of AFP,lens culinaris agglutinin-reactive fraction of AFP,des-gamma-carboxy prothrombin,neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio,and the platelet-lymphocyte ratio to detect recurrence.Results:The 5-year recurrence rate for all patients,those meeting the Japanese DEC,5-5-500 criteria,and the Milan criteria was 10.9%,9.2%,7.4%,and 7.6%,respectively.Compared with the conventional Milan criteria,the 5-5-500 criteria and the Japanese DEC could increase the number of eligible LDLT candidates by 6.1%and 11.4%.Among five biomarkers,the area under the curve value of AFP was the highest(0.852).Conclusion:The results suggest that the 5-5-500 criteria and the Japanese DEC are the appropriate selection criteria for patients with HCC in LDLT.Among five biomarkers investigated,AFP was most reliable to predict HCC recurrence,which justified the utilization of AFP in the 5-5-500 criteria and the Japanese DEC.
基金petroleum industry(IO Center)for funding this researchthe support and important input from the Chief Engineer Frode Edvardsen in this company in order to perform the PLI calculations
文摘In production environment today, ＂silo think- ing＂ is a challenge where controlling an asset associated with several disciplines and departments can lead to a sub- optimal result. This requires a more integrated approach with an integrated planning （IPL） framework. In this framework novel maintenance key performance indicators （KPIs） are needed. The purpose of this article is to develop the novel maintenance KPI profit loss indicator （PLI）. This indicator is based on measuring both on the ＂hidden fac- tory＂ and waste in production, presenting it as a financial measure. The notion ＂hidden factory＂ is used as a meta- phor for measuring the time losses in industry through the maintenance KPI overall equipment effectiveness （OEE）. This indicator divides the time losses into availability losses, performance losses and quality losses. In addition, a financial measure for waste based on literature from Toyota production system （TPS） and waste treatment and disposal is also included in PLI. Through a case study in the saw mill industry PLI is demonstrated and evaluated. It is expected that this indicator will be demonstrated in several industry branches in the future.
