行道树是城市森林的重要组成部分,在冠层截留降雨方面起着十分重要的作用,研究城市行道树冠层截留雨水的能力和价值有利于对其进行筛选。通过i-Tree tools对湛江霞山区、开发区、赤坎区3个中心主城区的行道树抽样调查,进行定量的冠层截...行道树是城市森林的重要组成部分,在冠层截留降雨方面起着十分重要的作用,研究城市行道树冠层截留雨水的能力和价值有利于对其进行筛选。通过i-Tree tools对湛江霞山区、开发区、赤坎区3个中心主城区的行道树抽样调查,进行定量的冠层截留雨水生态效益分析评估。湛江市区种植有行道树种67种,分别隶属于52个属,其中细叶榕、小叶榄仁、大王椰子、非洲楝、椰子数量最多,除细叶榕之外,其他树种的比例均<10%;行道树胸径范围以7.6~15.2、15.2~30.5、30.5~45.7 cm这3个径级为主,其中胸径15.2~30.5 cm的占42.7%;湛江市行道树叶面积总计8600854 m 2,树冠覆盖面积达2905896 m 2;单株叶面积最大的为黄葛树,其次为非洲楝;湛江市行道树年冠层截留量达689041.96 m 2,获得的经济效益为350.2万元,平均单株年冠层截留降雨量获得的效益为43.4元,其中单株效益最高的是黄葛树,其次是非洲楝,再是细叶榕。较大的叶面积及冠幅对于增强冠层截留雨水能力起到很大作用,在暴雨成灾的南方,可以选择黄葛树、非洲楝和细叶榕这些冠层截留率大的行道树。展开更多
Ecosystem services of urban green spaces play an important role in the sustainable development of the urban ecosystem. How to quantify the ecological benefits of urban green spaces and evaluate their ecological servic...Ecosystem services of urban green spaces play an important role in the sustainable development of the urban ecosystem. How to quantify the ecological benefits of urban green spaces and evaluate their ecological services is a hot topic in related fields. Currently, with the advancement of science and technology, the assessment method has been developed from the traditional ones such as the Council of Tree and Landscape Appraisers(CTLA) method, afforestation cost method, and carbon tax method to CITYgreen and i-Tree. The latter two models have been widely used in countries of Europe and America, while the use of i-Tree has not been promoted in China. In this paper, i-Tree Eco(UFORE) was selected for research, and its application in the assessment of the ecosystem services of urban green spaces, including energy saving, air quality improvement, interception of rainwater, and aesthetic benefits, were analyzed. This study aims to provide a theoretical and scientific basis for the introduction and localization of i-Tree, as well as its generalization in the assessment of forest ecosystem services domestically.展开更多
The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is the largest and most diverse energy, research, and development institution within the Department of Energy (DOE) system in the United States. As such, the site endures const...The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is the largest and most diverse energy, research, and development institution within the Department of Energy (DOE) system in the United States. As such, the site endures constant land development that creates rigorous growing conditions for urban vegetation. Natural resource managers at ORNL recognize that trees are an integral component of the landscape and are interested in characterizing the urban forest and their associated ecosystem services benefits. We evaluated the urban forest structure, quantified ecosystem services and benefits, and estimated economic value of resources using i-Tree Eco at ORNL. While this assessment captured over 1100 landscape trees, the ORNL Natural Resources Management for landscape vegetation can be expanded to include unmanaged landscapes, e.g. riparian areas, greenspace, and other vegetative attributes to increase ecosystem services benefits. Assigning a monetary value to urban forest benefits help to inform decisions about urban forest management, ideally on cost-benefit analysis.展开更多
道路构成了城市骨架,在城市中发挥着重要作用,而道路绿化是其不可分割的重要组成部分。城镇化的迅速推进使城镇成为居民与自然之间矛盾的聚集地,而道路绿化能够显著解决这一矛盾。它能够产生各种生态效益包括降温增湿、固碳释氧、隔音...道路构成了城市骨架,在城市中发挥着重要作用,而道路绿化是其不可分割的重要组成部分。城镇化的迅速推进使城镇成为居民与自然之间矛盾的聚集地,而道路绿化能够显著解决这一矛盾。它能够产生各种生态效益包括降温增湿、固碳释氧、隔音降噪、滞尘、截留雨水,降低空气中PM2.5含量、PM10含量以及提升负离子浓度等。文章利用i-tree模型(i-tree model street manual)对城市道路绿化进行评估。以城市行道树作为研究对象,分析计算不同区域行道树产生的经营成本和生态效益,用i-tree模型估算出CO_(2)吸收、雨水截留、改善空气质量等其他生态效益与美学效益。利用i-tree模型计算分析得出雨水截留生态效益最大可达90%以上。这些生态效益的计量为城市规划、设计、管理、养护提供了评估依据,能够促进城市的可持续发展。展开更多
文摘行道树是城市森林的重要组成部分,在冠层截留降雨方面起着十分重要的作用,研究城市行道树冠层截留雨水的能力和价值有利于对其进行筛选。通过i-Tree tools对湛江霞山区、开发区、赤坎区3个中心主城区的行道树抽样调查,进行定量的冠层截留雨水生态效益分析评估。湛江市区种植有行道树种67种,分别隶属于52个属,其中细叶榕、小叶榄仁、大王椰子、非洲楝、椰子数量最多,除细叶榕之外,其他树种的比例均<10%;行道树胸径范围以7.6~15.2、15.2~30.5、30.5~45.7 cm这3个径级为主,其中胸径15.2~30.5 cm的占42.7%;湛江市行道树叶面积总计8600854 m 2,树冠覆盖面积达2905896 m 2;单株叶面积最大的为黄葛树,其次为非洲楝;湛江市行道树年冠层截留量达689041.96 m 2,获得的经济效益为350.2万元,平均单株年冠层截留降雨量获得的效益为43.4元,其中单株效益最高的是黄葛树,其次是非洲楝,再是细叶榕。较大的叶面积及冠幅对于增强冠层截留雨水能力起到很大作用,在暴雨成灾的南方,可以选择黄葛树、非洲楝和细叶榕这些冠层截留率大的行道树。
基金Sponsored by Science and Technology Project of Beijing Municipal Administration Center of Parks(ZX2017029)Special Fund for Forest Scientific Research in the Public Welfare(201404301)
文摘Ecosystem services of urban green spaces play an important role in the sustainable development of the urban ecosystem. How to quantify the ecological benefits of urban green spaces and evaluate their ecological services is a hot topic in related fields. Currently, with the advancement of science and technology, the assessment method has been developed from the traditional ones such as the Council of Tree and Landscape Appraisers(CTLA) method, afforestation cost method, and carbon tax method to CITYgreen and i-Tree. The latter two models have been widely used in countries of Europe and America, while the use of i-Tree has not been promoted in China. In this paper, i-Tree Eco(UFORE) was selected for research, and its application in the assessment of the ecosystem services of urban green spaces, including energy saving, air quality improvement, interception of rainwater, and aesthetic benefits, were analyzed. This study aims to provide a theoretical and scientific basis for the introduction and localization of i-Tree, as well as its generalization in the assessment of forest ecosystem services domestically.
文摘The Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) is the largest and most diverse energy, research, and development institution within the Department of Energy (DOE) system in the United States. As such, the site endures constant land development that creates rigorous growing conditions for urban vegetation. Natural resource managers at ORNL recognize that trees are an integral component of the landscape and are interested in characterizing the urban forest and their associated ecosystem services benefits. We evaluated the urban forest structure, quantified ecosystem services and benefits, and estimated economic value of resources using i-Tree Eco at ORNL. While this assessment captured over 1100 landscape trees, the ORNL Natural Resources Management for landscape vegetation can be expanded to include unmanaged landscapes, e.g. riparian areas, greenspace, and other vegetative attributes to increase ecosystem services benefits. Assigning a monetary value to urban forest benefits help to inform decisions about urban forest management, ideally on cost-benefit analysis.
文摘道路构成了城市骨架,在城市中发挥着重要作用,而道路绿化是其不可分割的重要组成部分。城镇化的迅速推进使城镇成为居民与自然之间矛盾的聚集地,而道路绿化能够显著解决这一矛盾。它能够产生各种生态效益包括降温增湿、固碳释氧、隔音降噪、滞尘、截留雨水,降低空气中PM2.5含量、PM10含量以及提升负离子浓度等。文章利用i-tree模型(i-tree model street manual)对城市道路绿化进行评估。以城市行道树作为研究对象,分析计算不同区域行道树产生的经营成本和生态效益,用i-tree模型估算出CO_(2)吸收、雨水截留、改善空气质量等其他生态效益与美学效益。利用i-tree模型计算分析得出雨水截留生态效益最大可达90%以上。这些生态效益的计量为城市规划、设计、管理、养护提供了评估依据,能够促进城市的可持续发展。
