Motives for Corporate Environmental Responses in Chinese Small-and Medium-Sized Enterprises

Motives for corporate environmental responses( CERs)have received little research attention. This study examines the motives for CERs in Chinese enterprises. In-depth interviews with senior executives of 35 small-and medium-sized enterprises( SMEs)in Zhejiang and Jiangsu provinces reveal that China's SMEs have mainly responded reactively to environmental problems. Legitimacy motive is the main reason for the CERs. Strategic motive is also recorded,although to a lesser extent.

Charitable Donation Motives of Wealthy Chinese—A Content Analysis Based on 66 Chinese Philanthropists

Based on Chinese cultural psychology and multi-disciplinary theoretical system,this study establishes an analytical framework of wealthy people’s charitable donation motives.It takes the donation behavior of 66 philanthropists as the research object to discuss charitable donation motives of wealthy people.Through analyzing the content and text of 172 interviews and donation reports,this study verifies the unique influence of acquaintances’charitable motives in Chinese local culture,moral motives in Confucian culture,benevolent people’s love for others,self-promotion,collectivism and patriotism,and differential love on charitable donations of rich Chinese.This study concluded that the donation motives of wealthy Chinese mainly consist of 10 categories,such as expressing appreciation and gratitude,becoming a super representative of philanthropy cause,pursuit of the meaning and value of life,promoting social justice,inheriting the family wealth and family spirit,taking the social responsibility of Chinese entrepreneurs,driving more people to participate in philanthropy cause,improving the welfare of others,acquiring the exchange interests,and due to peer pressure.This research enriches the connotation of“Chinese philanthropy motivation”and discusses the characteristics of philanthropy motives in Chinese context,which can provide reference for improving the donation incentive policies and charitable organization’s fundraising activities.

Motives Underlying Organic Food Consumption in Turkey： Impact of Health, Environment, and Consumer Values on Purchase Intentions

Raising ecological awareness and health concerns create question marks about healthiness and sustainability of conventional foods in customers＇ minds. Due to augmented mass media coverage of environmental problems, health concerns related to consumption of genetically modified food and/or chemical contaminants in food, and consumers＇ increasing interest in healthy nutrition and environmental protection, there is a growing interest for organic foods in all over the world. Growing interest for organic foods, and increasing production and demand in organic food market has made organic food consumption a significant topic of research. Although organic food market and demand for organic foods have also been growing in Turkey, literature regarding organic food consumption is not very extensive. Therefore, this study aims to understand the underlying motives for organic food consumption in Turkey, and to explore the factors affecting Turkish consumers＇ attitudes towards organic foods and the behavioral intention of Turkish consumers to purchase organic food by the help of the theory of reasoned action （TRA）. The results of 622 successful surveys used for this empirical research indicate that Turkish consumers＇ attitudes towards organic foods are determined by perception of organic foods, consumer values, and price perception, while their purchase intention is determined by health consciousness, perception of organic foods, consumer values, price perception, and environmental concerns.

Bridging the Motives and Attractor States:How These Dynamics Go While Choosing the Elective English Course?

This study aimed at investigating and implementing the main triggers for enhancing the motivations of taking an elective English course within the sport college students.The researcher explored and analyzed these triggers as the motivational components under the attractor states.In order to observe the dynamics of these college students who have been regarded as unmotivated with the English courses,the researcher designed a semi-structure interview questions related to the motivational components and observed the process of students’implementation,modification,and the relation with attractor states.This study covered Phase 1 for a think aloud question at the beginning of the semester which conducted to 65 sophomores(35 for PE students and 30 for Dance students).Phase 2 designed as three semi-structured interview questions for 10 PE sophomores and 10 dance sophomores.This interview conducted followed by the midterm presentation.Data analysis is under the discussion of attractor states(Waninge,2015).This study demonstrates qualitative method to collect data.The qualitative data were collected through several techniques such as observations,reflections,and student interviews.From the findings,these teacher-specific motives trigger these students’intention to make the decision.These students performed better motivation during the learning path till the midterm presentation.Both their English performance and learning motivation were significantly enhanced.Moreover,they had positive attitude toward learning English and they apparently recognized the value of the presentation.The results were shown in positive improvement in the motives with application of attractor states.Furthermore,a teacher-student relationship was built as one of the most precious fruits of the processes.

Motives for romantic relationships and the risk of heavy alcohol use, regular smoking and cannabis use during adolescence and early adulthood: A longitudinal study

Background: Engaging in sexual activities at a younger age is associated with higher risk of substance misuse among adolescents. It could be hypothesized that substance misuse and certain romantic relationship related behaviors may be influenced by similar hormone and other inner physiological factors that are affected by related motives. This study investigated the association between motives for romantic relationships and the risk of heavy alcohol use, regular smoking and cannabis use from adolescence through to early adulthood. Method: A population-based longitudinal study using data collected from Wave I and Wave III of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. Characteristics of romantic relationship ideals (as the proxy of motives) measured in Wave I (mean age: 16 yrs) were applied to predict substance use indicated at Wave III (mean age: 22 yrs) using multivariate analyses. Results: Adolescents who included sexual activities as part of their romantic relationship ideals were at significantly higher risk of cannabis use among males and heavy alcohol use among females. Romantic ideals that included, gift giving (female) or receiving (male), declaration of love (male), marriage (male) and becoming pregnant (female) were associated with reduced risk of one or more types of substance use. Conclusion: In adolescence, sexual motives for romantic relationships were associated with higher risk of substance use and misuse, while motives related to intimacy and commitment in romantic relationships were associated with lower risk.

Motives and Commitment of Entrepreneurs in Hospitality/Tourism Firms in Port Harcourt

This aim of this study is to provide both theoretical and empirical insights on entrepreneurs’ motives and commitments in the hospitality and tourism industry in Nigeria, using simple descriptive statistics and complemented with interviews. The study adopted an exploratory research methodology to explore the phenomena of motives and commitment, using descriptive statistics, particularly mea, and standard deviation to present the extent of occurrences in the study subject. The study is based on a sample of 120 entrepreneurs who are owners of small restaurants in Port Harcourt, Rivers State. The results show that entrepreneurs in the hospitality industry are mostly motivated by family related factors such as family tradition, family situation, family line of business, and family prestige. Societal factors are more prominent in the list than both personal and income, financial considerations. The least considered factor that motivates a business start-up is finance or income. The results also suggest that although, entrepreneurs are highly committed to starting and growing their own businesses and are willing to do anything that will help achieve this objective including significant personal sacrifices, they are however, not willing to compromise their family lives.

Wine Tourism in Santorini, Crete:Exploring the Behaviour, Motives, and Intentions of Wine Tourists

Wine tourism is a fast growing sector,with an estimated 30%growth in 2018 and has emerged as a strong and rising area of special interest tourism,representing an increasingly important element of regional and rural tourism development.In Greece wine has played an important role since ancient times,as it was an integral part of nutrition and religion,and by 800BC,Greeks had begun to perfect their techniques in winemaking.Wine tourism in our days,constitutes a factor for attracting visitors from all over the world.The present paper is an effort to explore and investigate the factors that affect the behavior of wine tourists in the island of Santorini,shaping their motives and intentions.More specifically,the aim of this paper is to explore the motivating factors that influence winery visitation,wine tourists’level of satisfaction,interest and knowledge on wine,as well as their demographic characteristics.The methodological approach was based on quantitative research;more specifically a survey was conducted with the use of structured questionnaires.Results showed that the most popular activity for wine tourists visiting Santorini wineries was wine tasting and the main motives influencing the decision for winery visitation involved wine tasting and experiencing the atmosphere of the winery.This research also showed that the most important factors contributing to wine tourist’s satisfaction concerned the attitude,professionalism and knowledge of winery staff,as well as service quality.

Psychological motives of code switching

Code switching is an important research topic in a selection of academic fields including sociology, psychology and linguistics. Generally speaking, code switching, a common phenomenon in language contact, permeates bilingual and multilingual society. It refers to circumstances in which a speaker uses two or more than two languages. This paper is intended to present an overall review of studies on code switching, focusing on motive. Code switching combines the social situation with the linguistic situation, in contrast to the different cultures in the speaker＇s cognitive structure. It has social functions that can change the social situation, which in turn sets up a new one. In conversation, code switching also reflects the speaker＇s psychological state and his/her attitude towards a certain language or languages. This paper will focus on the analysis of socio-psychological factors which exert strong influences upon code switching.

Anderson's Motives for Exploring Man's Frustration

Man's frustration is a dominant theme in Anderson's short stories.It is the condensation of his impressions of American life.His motives for exploring the problem include:to reveal the painful experience,feeling and situation of ordinary people during the economic,social and cultural transformations of America;to remind the reader of the choking effects of outworn conventional morality and the destructive effects of modern industrial materialism;to draw the reader's attention to the emotional life of the ordinary people;and to express his own views on and attitudes toward humanity and society.

Digital Locomotives

In 1990,a landmark report of the South Commission represented a defining moment for the Global South,calling for South-South cooperation and consecrating the theory of the“locomotives of the South.”The report emphasised that countries in the Global South could not expect former colonisers and imperialist forces to be the driver of their development.“The new locomotive forces have to be found within the South itself,”it argued.

高校实验技术人员内在动力激励模式探讨

实验技术人员是高校仪器共享平台的核心力量,如何建设并稳定一支业务精干、素质优良、结构合理的高水平实验技术队伍,充分调动实验技术人员的主动性和创造性,是提高平台服务和管理水平的关键。以中山大学中山医学院科研仪器平台为例,探讨通过建立成长督促的交互学习氛围,协助技术员职业自信的建立,培养技术员爱岗敬业的工匠精神,从而激发技术人员积极向上的内在动力,实践证明这些模式可有效地提升队伍的稳定性和平台整体的服务效能。

现代学徒制视域下企业参与动机、行为及收益的影响机制及效应研究

深入探讨企业参与现代学徒制动机、行为及收益之间的作用机制,对更好地开展具有中国特色现代学徒制意义重大。基于对浙江省97家参与学徒制合作企业开展的结构性访谈和问卷调查,在明确企业参与现代学徒制动机、行为及收益观测指标的基础上构建了相应的假设关系模型,并采用AMOS软件对三者的关系进行模型拟合。研究结果显示:企业参与现代学徒制动机对采取的行为及收益均有着显著的正向影响;企业行为对收益以及在“动机—收益”间的中介效应不够显著;“动机—行为—收益”间的作用关系在企业规模、所有权性质、所属行业以及科研&技术人员占比等方面表现出异质性。对此建议,进一步提升企业参与现代学徒制的积极性,一要强化制度保障,增加企业的参与收益;二要增强校企交流,提高校企合作匹配度;三要完善合作机制,提升学徒培养质量。

薪酬差距是否越小越好——基于创新视角的经验证据

在奋力实现共同富裕的背景下,如何有效发挥薪酬的激励效应,通过创新推动社会发展是重要而迫切的研究议题。以2008—2021年沪深A股上市公司为样本,从纵向和横向两个维度实证检验薪酬差距对创新动力的影响。结果发现:内部薪酬差距与企业创新动力存在显著倒U型关系;高管外部薪酬差距对创新具有正向促进效应,普通员工外部薪酬差距与创新动力具有倒U型关系;外部薪酬差距具有显著的创新动力动态效应。

我国高等教育在地国际化内涵演进、发展困境及实践逻辑

在地国际化是后疫情时期我国高等教育国际化的重要发展趋势。它是高等教育内涵式发展的重要动力,是应对国际环境深刻变化的科学方略,是满足广大学生需求的有效途径,但面临评价导向与实践目标错位、在地国际化资源利用效率不高、在线国际教育效果难以保障、高校国际化发展协同效应不强等主要挑战和困境。分析归纳欧洲高等教育在地国际化共性要素,并基于此提出从观念上扭转“西化从属观”与“困境工具观”,从组织上搭建“三位一体”协调机制,从内容上完善课程国际化,从评价上引导高校特色发展,从技术上促进虚拟互动。

数字化转型背景下的大学英语教学创新路径

随着人工智能技术的快速迭代和“数字中国”战略的持续推进,数字化转型已成为新时代高等教育改革、发展与实践的核心议题。本文分析大学英语教学数字化转型的动因与内涵,聚焦我国大学英语教学中存在的突出问题,着重从教学理念转变、师生数字素养提升、数字资源供给、教学方式转变、教学评价重构等方面探讨了创新大学英语教学、提升大学英语育人水平的实践路径。

论新质生产力生成的文化动因——构建新质生产力文化理论的基本框架

文化是新质生产力的题中应有要义,把文化纳入其理论建构是创立中国经济学范式的新机遇和新路径。当今世界,文化与经济、政治等一起成为衡量综合国力的重要标准,文化软实力决定了一个国家的发展走向,并成为生产力突破的深层动因。从历时性过程考察,文化构成了新质生产力生成的基础性动力支撑,主要表现在:文化作为人类创造性活动的结晶深度嵌入其他社会结构,构成了新质生产力生成的精神动因;文化创新与科技创新二者互动是近代文明演进的重要方式,也形成了催生新质生产力的核心动力;经济文化化和文化经济化成为新质生产力的重要生长点。从共时性形态分析新质生产力的本质和现实形态,可以发现:文化赋予了新质生产力新的内在规定性;文化经济新业态、新消费构成了新质生产力的重要内容;我国现行国民经济行业分类中包含文化新质生产力的诸多具体实践形式。从人本性尺度审视新质生产力生成的人文价值内核,可以得出结论:新质生产力本质是解放人、发展人、成就人的生产力,也是推动文化经济发展的生产力;新质生产力必须摒弃“见物不见人”、缺乏人文关怀的资本主义生产特性;以人民为中心、让人民群众物质生活和精神生活都富裕是我国新质生产力发展的根本原则。

质点到网络:公共服务动机、行为、绩效三元交互发展逻辑体系构建

公共服务动机的研究不断发展繁荣,理论研究成果颇丰,是公共管理研究的前沿热点。但公共服务动机如何转化为公共服务绩效在理论机制方面尚未清晰,遑论纳入公共管理人力资源实践中。基于Apriori算法对相关主题文献进行了无监督机器学习挖掘,发现公共服务动机转化的研究不足之处。基于此,在社会认知理论视角下系统性厘清了公共服务动机、公共服务行为、公共服务绩效三者关系,打通了三者相互链接转化的逻辑框架。并以逻辑转化路径为基础,基于系统网络层面搭建起“公共服务动机—公共服务行为—公共服务绩效”三元交互发展的逻辑分析模型,以期发展和完善公共服务动机理论,从而达到将公共服务动机理论成功转化为实践的目的。

普惠金融参与影响农户内生动力吗?——基于宁夏575位农户的调研数据

农户内生动力不足是当前制约我国“三农”发展的痛点和难点。基于制度逻辑视角,以希望作为农户内生动力的代理变量,利用宁夏575位农户的调研数据,证实普惠金融参与能显著提升农户的希望,激发农户内生动力。具体表现为:参与普惠金融业务类型越多,农户希望提升越多;普惠金融参与主要通过社会比较和社会互动影响农户希望;相对于低收入家庭和男性,普惠金融参与对高收入家庭和女性的希望影响更大;贷款能显著提升农户希望,存款、保险和理财对农户希望的影响不显著或不稳定。由此,从推动更多农户参与普惠金融业务,积极拓展金融服务边界、帮助农户搭建社会网络和社交平台,以及有针对性地创新乡村振兴专属产品三个层面提出政策建议。